Eight million pEoplE in northErn nigEria PRESS FREEDOM IN ... · a liberté de la presse,...
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n°32March 2016Maps & facts ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICA
No 45, November 2016
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICASecretariat
These maps are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]
Eight million pEoplE in northErn nigEria facing acutE food insEcurity
T he October 2016 analysis of the Cadre harmonisé1 expands its
coverage to include for the first time 16 out of 36 states, almost half of Nigeria. In these states, some eight million people are currently facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5, October-December 2016). Due to the Boko Haram insurgency and massive population displacement, the three northeastern states, Adamawa, Borno and Yobe, have
1 West African tool to analyse and identify areas and amount of people at risk of food and nutrition insecurity.
reached extremely high levels of food insecurity (Maps & Facts no 44). While humanitarian access is improving, the situation remains particularly worrisome in the state of Borno, where nearly 60% of the population (3.3 million people) are still facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5), including 55 000 people threatened by famine (phase 5). If no appro-priate measures are being taken, the current food and nutrition situation
is likely to get worse during the next lean season in June-August 2017. By then, the Cadre harmonisé projec-tions indicate that the number of severely food insecure people in the 16 analysed states could reach 8 to 10 million people. Analytical tools, data collection methods and training for local administrations need to be further developed in order to fine-tune and expand the analysis of the Cadre harmonisé to all parts of Nigeria.
Source: Cadre harmonisé, national analysis, October 2016. © Agrhymet/CILSS
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
KatsinaZamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
Katsina
Zamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
Phases of food insecurity
June-August 2017October-December 2016
Phase 1: Minimal Phase 2: Stressed Phase 3: Crisis Phase 4: Emergency Phase 5: Famine Not analysed
No. 69, May 2018
MAPS & FACTS
This map is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps. Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specifi c requests: [email protected]
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA
Secretariat
ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA
Secretariat
PRESS FREEDOM IN WEST AFRICA: GHANA BEST
West Africa is making mixed progress on press freedom, access to information
and the development of a pluralistic media landscape. According to the World Press Freedom Index 2018, which ranks 180 countries worldwide, the level of media freedom was categorised as “fairly good” in three West African countries, namely Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde and Ghana. These countries achieved better or similar scores than many OECD member countries. Senegal might soon join this group. It improved its score by eight positions and enjoys a diverse media landscape. A new era for freedom of expression is finally emerging in Gambia, one year a� er President Yahya Jammeh was forced to step down a� er
22 years of authoritarian rule. Journalists there are no longer executed, new private broadcast and online media outlets have been launched and the government is working on reforming the legal frameworks guaranteeing freedom of expression and access to information. At the index’s bottom end, Chad, Mali and Nigeria still face serious challenges related to the safety of journalists and censorship. Abductions, arbitrary detentions, the closure of radio stations and Internet restrictions continue to hinder the freedom of expression and the public’s right to information in these countries. Moreover, media freedom has declined dramatically in Mauritania, which dropped from position 55 to 72, a� er several years of progress.
RANK OUT OF 180 COUNTRIES (2018)
Ghana 23Cabo Verde 29Burkina Faso 41Senegal 50Niger 63Mauritania 72Sierra Leone 79Côte d’Ivoire 82Guinea-Bissau 83Benin 84Togo 86Liberia 89Guinea 104Mali 115Nigeria 119Gambia 122Chad 123
Source: 2018 World Press Freedom Index, Reporters without Borders
MaliNiger
NigeriaBenin
TogoGhana
Burkina Faso
Senegal
Gambia
Cabo Verde
Côte d’Ivoire
Guinea
Liberia
Sierra Leone
Guinea-Bissau
Chad
Mauritania (72)
(79)
(89)
(29)
-2-17
(122)
(83)
(115)(63)
(119)
(123)
(84)
(86)
(23)
(41)
(82)
(104)
+3
+21
-2
-1
+1
-3
+6
-6
-6
-2+8(50)
+3
good fairly good problematic
Level of press freedom
bad very bad
+5
+1
Rank 2018
Positive trend (∆ 2017) Negative trend (∆ 2017) Same score (2017)(x)
n°32March 2016Maps & facts ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICA
No 45, November 2016
www.oecd.org/swac/maps ClubSAHEL AND
WEST AFRICASecretariat
These maps are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]
Eight million pEoplE in northErn nigEria facing acutE food insEcurity
T he October 2016 analysis of the Cadre harmonisé1 expands its
coverage to include for the first time 16 out of 36 states, almost half of Nigeria. In these states, some eight million people are currently facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5, October-December 2016). Due to the Boko Haram insurgency and massive population displacement, the three northeastern states, Adamawa, Borno and Yobe, have
1 West African tool to analyse and identify areas and amount of people at risk of food and nutrition insecurity.
reached extremely high levels of food insecurity (Maps & Facts no 44). While humanitarian access is improving, the situation remains particularly worrisome in the state of Borno, where nearly 60% of the population (3.3 million people) are still facing acute food insecurity (phases 3-5), including 55 000 people threatened by famine (phase 5). If no appro-priate measures are being taken, the current food and nutrition situation
is likely to get worse during the next lean season in June-August 2017. By then, the Cadre harmonisé projec-tions indicate that the number of severely food insecure people in the 16 analysed states could reach 8 to 10 million people. Analytical tools, data collection methods and training for local administrations need to be further developed in order to fine-tune and expand the analysis of the Cadre harmonisé to all parts of Nigeria.
Source: Cadre harmonisé, national analysis, October 2016. © Agrhymet/CILSS
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
KatsinaZamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
FCT
Adamawa
BornoYobe
GombeBauchi
Taraba
Jigawa
Kano
Kaduna
Katsina
Zamfara
Plateau
Niger
Kebbi
Sokoto
Oyo
Ogun
Lagos
OsunEkiti
Kwara
KogiBenue
Nassarawa
Cross River
Ebonyi
ImoAbia
OndoEdo
Delta
Bayelsa Rivers AkwaIbom
Anambra
Enugu
Lake Chad
Phases of food insecurity
June-August 2017October-December 2016
Phase 1: Minimal Phase 2: Stressed Phase 3: Crisis Phase 4: Emergency Phase 5: Famine Not analysed
Cette carte est sans préjudice du statut de tout territoire, de la souveraineté s’exerçant sur ce dernier, du tracé des frontières et limites internationales, et du nom de tout territoire, ville ou région. Nous encourageons l’utilisation de nos cartes. Veuillez nous informer et en faire mention du copyright du Club. Pour des demandes spécifi ques, contacter : [email protected]
No 69, mai 2018
MAPS & FACTS
www.oecd.org/fr/csao/cartes
Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST
Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST
Secrétariat du
LIBERTÉ DE LA PRESSE EN AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST : LE GHANA EN TÊTE
La liberté de la presse, l’accès à l’information et la pluralité du paysage
médiatique avancent à plusieurs vitesses en Afrique de l’Ouest. Selon le classement mondial de la liberté de la presse 2018 comprenant 180 pays, le niveau de liberté de la presse est qualifié de « plutôt bon » dans trois pays ouest-africains, le Burkina Faso, le Cabo Verde et le Ghana. Ces pays ont atteint des résultats similaires ou meilleurs que ceux de nombreux pays membres de l’OCDE. Le Sénégal devrait bientôt rejoindre ce groupe. Il a gagné huit places au classement et bénéficie d’un paysage médiatique pluriel. Une nouvelle ère pour la liberté d’expression arrive finalement en Gambie, un an après le retrait du président Yahya Jammeh qui a mis un terme à 22 ans
de régime autoritaire. Les journalistes ne sont désormais plus exécutés ; de nouvelles chaînes privées et de nouveaux médias en ligne se sont créés et le gouvernement travaille à une réforme de la législation pour garantir la liberté d’expression et l’accès à l’information. En queue de classement, le Mali, le Nigéria et le Tchad font toujours face à des di� icultés liées à la sécurité des journalistes et à la censure. De nombreux cas d’enlèvements, de détentions arbitraires, de fermeture de stations de radio ainsi que des restrictions d’accès aux contenus Internet ont été rapportés dans ces pays. La liberté de la presse a par ailleurs diminué de façon spectaculaire en Mauritanie qui passe de la 55e à la 72e place, après plusieurs années de progrès.
CLASSEMENT PARMI 180 PAYS (2018)
Ghana 23Cabo Verde 29Burkina Faso 41Sénégal 50Niger 63Mauritanie 72Sierra Leone 79Côte d’Ivoire 82Guinée-Bissau 83Bénin 84Togo 86Libéria 89Guinée 104Mali 115Nigéria 119Gambie 122Tchad 123
Source : Classement mondial de la liberté de la presse 2018, Reporters sans frontières
MaliNiger
NigériaBénin
TogoGhana
Burkina Faso
Sénégal
Gambie
Cabo Verde
Côte d’Ivoire
Guinée
Libéria
Sierra Leone
Guinée-Bissau
Tchad
Mauritanie (72)
(79)
(89)
(29)
-2-17
(122)
(83)
(115)(63)
(119)
(123)
(84)
(86)
(23)
(41)
(82)
(104)
+3
+21
-2
-1
+1
-3
+6
-6
-6
-2+8(50)
+3
Bon Plutôt bon Préoccupant
Niveau de liberté de la presse
Mauvais Très mauvais
+5
+1
Position 2018
Évolution positive (∆ 2017) Évolution négative (∆ 2017) Score identique (2017)(x)