INTERACTIVE TEXT EDITING FOR THE SIGMA 5.(U)

SEP AG S K COUNSEL AN DAAK O-79-D-0023

UNCLASSIFIED SAX-81-'739-HU DRSI/RG-CR-80-B ML

EEEEEEEEEE

I .II 5 J I411111.

°V ATECHNICAL REPORT RG-CR-80-8

io INTERACTIVE TEXT EDITING FOR

THE SIGMA 5

I FINAL REPORT

Kevin CounselmanScience Applications, Inc.Huntsville, Al. 35806

ForGuidance and Control DirectorateU. S Army Missile Laboratory [DTIC

ELECTE P

OCT 7 1980SEPTEMBER 1980

A

ZR edteon Areenal, AlIbama 35898

mrs OCWMT IS IZST QUALMT? rnOTC e.He COPY FURNIIHED TO Dn ONA A

SIGNIFICANT MLBER Ol PAM OWN DO9WRDUCA LtGIB16Y.

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE, DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

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READ INSTRUCTIONS7) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM

REPOT '. GOVT ACCESSION NO 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMOER

RGfCR-80-8 AD-- & 2? 964. TITLE (And Subtile) -. TYPEoJ LER" Z-

' ) Final TeChnica e*pdrtInteractive Text Editing for the Sigma 5,

SAI-81-739-HUI'7. UNTWA I u'HO,) T NUMER(*)

.iKe oun an DAAK4,-79-DO2h-

S. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS t0. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT. TASK

SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INC. AREA a WORK UNIT NUMBERS

2109 West Clinton Avenue, Suite 800 Task 011Huntsville, Alabama 35805

I. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANO ADDRESS- -U m " M.Z...

Commander, U.S. Army Missile Command 0 September k9W8 /Attention: DRSMI-RPT ,o. O ......Redstone Arsenal, Alabama 35898 39

14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & AOORESS(/I dIfemt fr Controlling Office) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (of Ale eport

Commander, U.S. Army Missile Command--,. . UnclassifiedAttention: DRSMI-RGN Se. OECL ASSI FI CATI ON DOWNGRADIN G

Redstone Arsenal, Alabama 35898 - SCHEDULE

14. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of tale Report)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

17. DISTRIGUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered In Stock 20, It dlfferent Mtm Report)

IS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

IS. KEY WORDS (ContIinue oi ee~ere side It nocesemy end Identify by block nambor)

Text EditingComputersSigma

44i 1NTNACr rdwtftw sin moo dm f I norweedit M td@lfr &yr block mmlmbr)

This report examines the requirements and implementation of an interactive

text editing facility for the Sigma 5.

D D M3 E1oTI" or OIMov as sSLETa Unclassified

SECUJRIT CLASSIFICATION OP THIS PAGt (Whon DOM Eftered),-

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

I INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1

II EDITOR DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION......................... 2

III CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMM4ENDATIONS.......................... 7

IV REFERENCES ............................................ 8

V APPENDIX 1 ............................................ 9

VI APPENDIX 2............................................ 14

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

1 EDITOR COMMVANDS ..................................... 4

2 SAMPLE JOB STREAM.................................... 5

INTERACTIVE TEXT EDITING FOR THE SIGMA 5

I. INTRODUCTION

In the early 1960s, when systems such as the Sigma 5 were beingreleased, most software development was done in a batch processing environment.

Facilities f or the interactive development of software were the exception ratherthan the rule.

Steadily declining hardware costs coupled with rising softwaredevelopment costs have created a new emphasis on improving the efficiency ofsoftware development utilities through interactive processing.

This report examines the requirements and implementation of one suchutility, an interactive text editor for the Sigma 5.

NO~

II. eexEDITOR DESIGNa AND IMPLEM4ENTATION (e suc

cod, txtor whatever) from some input file into an area of memory, performssoeoperation(s) on this information, and writes the result to an output file.A oedetailed discussion of this process follows.

Input and Output Files. An editor input or output file is defined as afile, residing on magnetic disk, containing zero or more lines. A line is an 80-byte long record, corresponding to the standard 80 column punched card.

For the Sigma 5, under the RBM operating system, these requirementsimply a compressed file format. The FSIZE parameter of the output f ile should beset to the expected number of lines in the workspace buffer at the conclusion of

an edit session.

Consideration was given to using dynamic mass storage allocation toallow the size of the output file to vary during an edit session. However, sinceRBM requires a contiguous area for all disk files, there is no way to guaranteethat sufficient disk space exists at the end of an arbitrary output file fordynamic expansion.

Workspace Buffer. In order to efficiently process the data read fromthe input file, this data must be placed in a memory resident workspace buffer.Since there is a relatively large access delay on a disk (due to seek and latencytimes), the workspace buffer should be as large as possible to maximize theamount of data transferred in a single disk access.

Coupled with this, however, is the constraint that the total programand buffer size cannot exceed available memory.

In a virtual memory system (e.g., DEC VAX 11/780), the available memoryspace is limited only by the amount of available secondary storage. Theoperating system pages information in and out of memory to maintain the portionof the buffer being operated on in memory.

In non-virtual systems, such as the Sigma 5, the available buffer spaceis limited to the amount of physical memory allocated to the user. if thismemory space is too small (i.e., unable to contain the largest file which will beedited), a paging scheme similar to that of the virtual system must beimplemented.

2

Typically, a set number of lines (page) is read into the workspacebuffer. The user may then edit lines within the page. When a reference is madeto a line beyond the end of the page, the current page is written to the outputfile and a new page is read from the input file. References to a line before thebeginning of the page cause the remainder of the input file to be copied to theoutput file, and the output file is reopened as the new input file.

The system on which this editor was implemented had a 32K word block ofmemory available, which is sufficient for the prograin and a workspace buffer ofapproximately 1100 lines. Since the great majority of files at this facilitywere less than 1100 lines long, no paging facility was implemented.

The commnands available to the user have a great influence on the design

of the workspace buffer. The requirement that insertions and deletions be iallowed at arbitrary points within the file, and that movement within the file(forward and backward) be unrestricted, dictates a doubly-linked list structurefor the workspace buffer. A stack of available buffer locations should bemaintained so that deleted lines may free their buffer space.

Edit operations

Any editing task may be specified in terms of one of three basicoperations. These are:

(1) Insert a new line

(2) Delete an existing line

(3) Change an existing line

Additionally, commnands must be provided to position to the desiredline within the workspace buffer.

These commnands form a functionally complete set of commnands which canbe used to perform any editing operation. Convenience of use can be greatlyincreased, however, with additional commnands to do such things as FIND aparticular string, MOVE particular lines from one place to another, and so on.

The commands incorporated into the current version of the editor for

the Sigma 5 are shown in Table 1.

Currently, the specification of input and output files is performed bycontrol commuands sent to the RBM monitor. An effort is underway to allow the

3

TABLE 1. EDITOR COMMANDS

NOTE: Braces I indicate an optional field. Reservedwords are indicated by capital letters, lowercaseletters indicate user-supplied fields.

CR indicates carriage return.

0 indicates a required blank

II string i CRNSERTf rng is specified, it is inserted following

the current line. Otherwise, an insert mode isentered, and all lines typed will be enteredfollowing the current line. The insert mode isexited by entering CR as the first character of aI line. 1

0 1ELETE1 In'Del ets'the curent and next n-1 lines. If n is not

specified, the current line is deleted.+

+ nj Advances the current position pointer n lines. Ifn is not specified, 1 is assumed.

- n Backs up the current position pointer n lines. Ifn is not specified, 1 is assumed.

TOPI Moves current position pointer to top ofworkspace.

B IOTTOt4iI MI Moves current position pointer to bottom of work-

space.

PI RINT n irnts current and next n-1 lines. If n is not

specified, 1 is assumed.

C 1HANGE delimeter old string delimeter new stringhelime&e

Changes first occurrence of old string in currentline to new string. First non-blank character istaken to be the delimeter. If trailing delimeteris not specified, new string is asumed to extendto the end of the line.

TAB tab1'tab , tab

Sets ;; "ii 8ab positions. The command has noeffect if no tabs are specified.

4

i b~A*W

TABLE 2. SAMPLE JOB STREAM

I JOB EDIT, IFILE

!STOLB (SI, 03, IFILE) (1)

1 STDLB (SO, D3, OFILE)

1 EDIT (2) ,

I FIN

NOTES:1. The STDLB command should be used to assign SIto the edit input file and SO to the edit outputfile.

2. In order for EDIT to be loaded into memory, theuser must do an FMEM 0 Keyin.

5

files to be specified from the edit terminal (in this case a Tektronix 4002).

The sample job stream for the current configuration is shown in Table 2.

Also under development are modifications which will allow the editor

to run as a foreground program with interrupt driven I/0 routines. This will

allow background batch processing to run concurrently with edit I/0 operations.

Since most of the time used by an editor is in waiting for user response and in

doing I/0, interrupt driven operation of the editor will have very little effect

on the turnaround time for background jobs.

Appendix 1 shows a sample edit session using the current version of the

editor.

Appendix 2 is a listing of the editor program.

6

III. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The interactive text editor described in this report has beeninstalled on the Sigma 5 system located in the Guidance and Control Analysisfacility at Redstone Arsenal.

Use of this processor has resulted in a significant decrease in timerequired to create and update files of symbolic data.

It is reconmmended that this processor be expanded to includecapabilities such as to FIND a particular string, to MOVE a line or group oflines to some location, and a capability to define MACRO commnands consisting of jseveral edit commnands.

These enhancements should reduce even further the amount of timerequired for symbolic data entry and maintenance.

7

REFERENCES

1. Xerox Sigma 5 Computer Reference Manual, Document No. 90 09 59E, October1971.

2. Hybrid Remote Batch Monitor Operator/User Manual for Redstone Arsenal, CodeResearch Corporation, July 1971.

3. Xerox Real-Time Batch Monitor RBM Operations Manual, Document No. 90 15 81D,April 1971.

4. Xerox Real-Time Batch Monitor RBM Operations Reference Manual, Document No.90 16 47D, October 1972.

5. Xerox Real-Time Batch Monitor RBM User's Guide, Document No. 90 16 53B,October 1972.

6. Hazel, Larry, Plotter, an Interactive Program Control and Plot GenerationPackage for the Sigma 5, Science Applications, Inc., Huntsville, AL, ReportNO. SAI-78-763-HU, August 1977.

7. RSX-11 Utilities Procedures Manual, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard,MA. Order No. AA-5567B-TC, December 1977.

8

APPENDIX 1

SAMPLE EDIT SESSION

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APPENDIX 2

LISTING OF EDITOR PROGRAM

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