Education as the social institution; Features of education, Significance of education
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Transcript of Education as the social institution; Features of education, Significance of education
ON THE TOPIC
EDUCATION AS THE SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
6/26/2017
1
By: Mira Sakha
Social institutions are established sets of norms andsubsystems that support each society's survival.
Each sector carries out certain tasks and has differentresponsibilities that contribute to the overallfunctioning and stability of a society.
6/26/2017 2By: Mira Sakha
Micro-Social
Institutions
Macro-Social
Institutions
• Family
• Marriage
• Kinship
• Religion
• Education
• Polity
Social Institutions
Education
6/26/2017 3By: Mira Sakha
6/26/2017 4
Education is the process of facilitating learning,or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,beliefs, and habits.
Etymologically, the word education is derivedfrom the Latin word “educare” meaningbreeding, a upbringing, a rearing.
Social Institutions
By: Mira Sakha
Emile Durkheim says “ For each society, educationis the means by which it secures, in the children,the essential conditions of its own existence.”
Max Weber says, “education provides themechanism to make a choice among people for theposition they hold at workplace”
Views of Different Sociologist
6/26/2017 5By: Mira Sakha
Education and Different Other Perspectives
Functionalism Conflict Perspective
Rationalism Post Modernism
Macro-Perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Micro-Perspective
6/26/2017 6By: Mira Sakha
Emile Durkheim says, “School is a society inminiature, it also serves to teach socialization”
Formal and Hidden curriculum
Robert K. Morten has defined Latent and manifestfunctions
Values and norms- “value consensus”
Functionalism
6/26/2017 7By: Mira Sakha
Emile Durkheim and other functionalist points outthe major role of education as:
Creating social solidarity
Learning specialist skills for work
Teaching core values
Role allocation and meritocracy
Functionalism
6/26/2017 8By: Mira Sakha
Conflict theory is rooted in Marxism
“The History of hitherto existing society is theresult of class struggle.” (From: CommunistManifesto)
Focus is how inequalities contribute to socialdifferences
The Proletariat - working class (oppressed) and theBourgeoisie - capitalists (oppressors)
Conflict Perspective
6/26/2017 9By: Mira Sakha
Education is seen as maintaining power structures
Public, secondary schools are funded to maintaininequality.
Conflict theorists see the education system as:
Contributing to perpetuation of poverty
Dominating of poor and minorities
Maintaining social inequality
Preservation of power for those already in power
Conflict Perspective
6/26/2017 10By: Mira Sakha
Conflict theorists examine the same functions ofeducation as functionalist. But they do not arrive atthe same conclusion.
It rejects the functional view point of meritocracyand puts ideas towards socio-economic status ofpeople by education.
From the view of Marx, “Rich even purchase thequality of education ensuing yawning gap betweenthe haves and haves not”
Conflict Perspective
6/26/2017 11By: Mira Sakha
Rationalism is the theory based in the ideology ofMax Weber,
Rationalism is neither totally inclined towardsfunctionalism nor conflict perspective,
According to Rationalism, “Education helps in therational placement, highly educated are placed inintellectual task while less educated are placed inroutine task.”
Education creates stratification according tocapability.
Rationalism
6/26/2017 12By: Mira Sakha
Interpretivist focuses on micro-interactions; not amacro perspectives.
It studies individuals not social structure.
This approach views reality as somethingsubjective and based on meanings andunderstanding rather than predictions.
Interpretivist do not offer large theories instead,they look to specific cultures in each school.
Interpretivism
6/26/2017 13By: Mira Sakha
Postmodernism is based on the view that societyhas entered a new phase.
Education is moving towards education beingcustomized for the individual
According to postmodernist,
Education is controlled by communities
Diverse and customized
Flexible (Distance Learning)
Lifelong Learning
Postmodernism
6/26/2017 14By: Mira Sakha
Formal Education
Informal Education
Major Types of Educational System
6/26/2017 15By: Mira Sakha
The process of being formally educated at a school.
Act or process of imparting knowledge, especially at a school, college or university.
Skill and knowledge is inculcated to them for their recognition and livelihood.
Tribhuvan University education is a formal educational system.
Formal Education System
6/26/2017 16By: Mira Sakha
The truly lifelong process whereby every individualacquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge from dailyexperiences and the educative influences and resources inhis or her environment- from family and neighbors, fromwork and play, from the market place, the library and themass media.
Informal Education
6/26/2017 17By: Mira Sakha
Government owned educational system
Community based educational system
Private based educational system
In Nepalese Context
6/26/2017 18By: Mira Sakha
State owned academia established in order toprovide education to its citizens.
Investment of budget for its operation.
Fixed working procedures, rules andregulation in operating activities.
Government recruits the human resource forteaching learning process.
Example: TU
Government Owned Educational System
6/26/2017 19By: Mira Sakha
It is similar to semi-government.
Government does not directly invest in it buthelps in need.
There is no provision of profit making .
Example:
─Samata School run by Uttam Sanjel
─Kanya Campus of Dilli bajar
─Mahendrs Adarsha H.S.S of Gyaneshowr
Community Based Educational System
6/26/2017 20By: Mira Sakha
State permits to run the academic institutions to the educationalist
Private hands run the institution by investing the amountthemselves.
Profit oriented organizations.
Positive aspects: provides education with responsibility along withcompetitive spirit.
Negative aspect: directed towards earning excessive profit in thequality education.
Private Based Educational System
6/26/2017 21By: Mira Sakha
1. High social mobility
2. Fosters social progress and prosperity
3. Helps to complete Socialization processes
4. Transmits the national heritage
5. Helps to reform attitudes and behavior for completepersonality
6. Provides skill as an agent of livelihood
7. Education acts as Integrative force
8. Strengthens democracy and democratizing
9. It is an Agent of social transmission
Functions of Education
6/26/2017 22By: Mira Sakha
6/26/2017 23
Education and other components
1. Education and Social Process
2. Education and Social Stratification
3. Education and Social Change
4. Education and Social Deviance and Control
5. Education and Suicide
6. Education and Placement
By: Mira Sakha
Social processes are the ways in which individualsand groups interact, adjust and readjust andestablish relationships and pattern of behaviorwhich are again modified through socialinteractions.
Education helps in social process as it fastens theprocess of socialization.
Education helps in easy adjustment towardsenvironmental circumstances.
6/26/2017 24
Education and Social Process
By: Mira Sakha
Stratification is a process of interaction ordifferentiation whereby some people come to rankhigher than others.
Education influences social stratification,
Functionalists verdict that education helps instratification as enlightened person is placed in higherclass and vice-versa
Conflict perspective claims that education brings gapbetween class.
6/26/2017 25
Education and Social Stratification
By: Mira Sakha
6/26/2017 26
Functionalist advocate education for :
Creating social solidarity
Learning specialist skills for work
Teaching core values
Role allocation and meritocracy
Conflict Perspective uphold the
concept that:
Education creates yawning gap
between classes
Rich even buy quality of education
Rationalism evinces the concept that:
Education makes it easy for rational
placement.
People are placed according to skill
they possess.
Education and Social Stratification
By: Mira Sakha
Social change refers to any significant alteration overtime in behavior patterns and cultural values andnorms.
Social change is unpredictable and the direction ofchange cannot be predicted. Social change may be fastor slow,
Education brings about positive change in society ormaking change faster,
Education brought about technological advancement.
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Education and Social Change
By: Mira Sakha
Deviance describes an action or behavior thatviolates social norms, including a formally enacted rule(e.g., crime), as well as informal violations of socialnorms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).
Education enlightens people and guides them to berighteous and make better decision that is beneficial forentire society.
Education increases cooperation, and reconciliation.
6/26/2017 28
Education and Social Deviance and Control
By: Mira Sakha
According to Durkheim in his famous book Suicide(1897), “The higher the education level, the morelikely it was that an individual would choose suicide.However, Durkheim established that there is morecorrelation between an individual's religion and suiciderate than an individual's education level.”
6/26/2017 29
Education and Suicide
By: Mira Sakha
According to Rationalism, “Education helps in rationalplacement in according to their competence”.
Highly intellectual and learned people are placed inmore responsible tasks and less skilled people areplaced in routine tasks.
Education assists in allocation and rational placement.
6/26/2017 30
Education and Placement
By: Mira Sakha
http://sparkcharts.sparknotes.com/gensci/sociology/section9.php
http://oppimateriaalit.jamk.fi/edusociety/4-education-culture-and-society/sociological-theories/
http://www.indypl.org/strategicplan/tf5_InformalEdu.html
https://www.boundless.com/sociology/textbooks/boundless-sociology-textbook/education-13/
6/26/2017 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY
By: Mira Sakha
6/26/2017 32
ANY QUERIES!!!
THANK YOU!!!
By: Mira Sakha