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Ebola Virus Disease

(EVD)

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The virus

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EVD

• Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, often fatal illness. It is one of the world’s most virulent diseases.

• Ebola first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks Sudan, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

• Other countries where EVD has been found in Africa include: Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and recently Nigeria

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• Infection from animals is through contact during the process of slaughtering or through consumption of blood, milk, or raw undercooked meat

• The virus is passed from person to person through direct contact with the blood, secretions or other bodily fluids of infected persons

• Infection can also be from contact with contaminated needles or other equipment in the environment.

Infection and Transmission

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Signs and Symptoms

• Fever and intense weakness

• Muscle pain and headache

• Nausea and sore throat.

This is followed by

• Vomiting and diarrhea

• Impaired kidney and liver function

• Internal and external bleeding.

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Treatment

No vaccine is available, nor is there any specific treatment

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Prevention of infection and transmission

• Physical contact with Ebola patients should be avoided

• Regular hand washing or sanitizing is required especially after visiting patients in hospital

• Avoiding eating meat from animals in the wild. Animal products should be thoroughly cooked before consumption

• Avoid close contact with blood when visiting abattoir

• Seek medical advice immediately symptoms are detected

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Health is wealth

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