Earthquake Vocabulary Notecards
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Transcript of Earthquake Vocabulary Notecards
Earthquake VocabularyNotecards
Weathering• Process of breaking down the Earth’s material by natural processes of water, wind, ice, and chemicals into smaller pieces or sediments
•Destructive Process
Erosion•Weathered or broken down rock and other material are moved by natural processes, such as water or wind, from place to place
•Destructive Movement
Deposition• Process where sediments are settled or laid down in a new location
•Constructive Process
Constructive Force• Force that builds up features on the Earth’s surface or on an existing landform
Destructive Force• Forces that destroy features on the Earth’s surface
Focus• Point of origin underground where the rocks break producing vibrations and creating an earthquake
Earth’s Surface
Fault Line
DRAW
Epicenter• Point above ground on the surface directly above the focus
Earth’s Surface
Fault Line
DRAW
Compression• Force that squeezes rock or an object until it folds or breaks
Tension• Force that occurs to stretch an object or rock
Shear• Force that pushes a mass of rock or an object in opposite directions
Fault Line Types•Normal Fault – blocks of crust are pulled away and one block falls down–Occurs at Divergent Boundary with Tension Force
•Reverse Fault – blocks of crust are pushed together and one block slides up–Occurs at Convergent Boundary with Compression
Force
• Strike-Slip Fault – blocks of crust slide past each other with no up or down motion–Occurs at Transform Boundary with Shear Force
Normal Fault Pictures **Do NOT Copy**
blocks of crust are pulled away and one block falls down
Reverse Fault Pictures **Do NOT Copy**blocks of crust are pushed together and one block slides up
Strike-Slip Fault Pictures **Do NOT Copy**blocks of crust slide past each other with no up or down
motion
Types of Seismic Waves• P-Wave (Primary) – first wave from the focus
–Push-pull wave that can travel through solids & liquids
–Fastest wave
• S-Wave (Secondary) – slow wave from the focus–Vibrates crust side to side & up or down–Travels only through solids
• Surface Wave – slowest wave from the epicenter–Come from P- & S-Waves that reach the surface–Produce most damage–Stronger near the epicenter
Richter Scale•Measures strength of seismic waves on a seismograph
• Scale of 1-10–10 is the strongest–Each number is 10 times stronger than the
number before
Richter Scale **Do NOT Copy**
When You’re Finished• BBC Plate Tectonics Test Bite **Headphones**
• Fault Motion Simulations
• Constructive Forces
• Destructive Forces
• Earthquake Interactive
• Forces of Nature **Takes a Few Minutes to Load**
• Beat the Quake **Headphones**
• Shake, Rattle, & Slide **Headphones**