Earth Layers Foldable
Transcript of Earth Layers Foldable
Earth Layers Foldable
The Layers of the Earth
The Earth is composed of three different chemical or compositional layers. ���
1.The Crust is the layer that you live
on, and it is the most widely studied and understood.
2.The Mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow.
3. The includes an inner core and outer core. The pressures at the center of Earth is so great you would be squeezed into a ball smaller than a marble!
The Crust
The crust is made up of two rocks. 1.The continental crust is mostly granite (35-70 miles /56-113
kilometers deep). 2.The oceanic crust is basalt (about 3-6 miles /5-10 kilometers
deep). Basalt is much denser than the granite.
crust
Earth’s Chemical Layers
• The chemicals found in each layer allow scien7sts to separate Earth into 3 chemical or composi7onal layers. – Ex: The crust is made of silicon, oxygen, and aluminum.
Earth’s Physical Layers • Physical proper7es can be things like color, texture, and state of maBer (solid, liquid, gas).
• Earth has five physical layers. – Lithosphere – Asthenosphere – Mesosphere – Outer Core – Inner Core
The Lithosphere The crust and the upper layer of the mantle
together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere.
The Asthenosphere
The asthenosphere is the semi-rigid part of the middle mantle that flows like hot asphalt under a heavy weight.
The Mantle The Mantle is the
largest layer of the Earth at 2900 km thick
(1800 miles).
The Middle Mantle is composed of very hot dense rock that flows.
The movement of the
middle mantle (Asthenosphere) is the reason that the crustal
plates of the Earth move.
Convection Currents • The middle mantle
"flows" because of convection currents.
• Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling and sinking again.
The Outer Core The Outer Core is so
hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state.
*4400 °C – 6100 ° C The outer core is made of the
melted metals of nickel and iron.
The outer core is 1400 miles (2300km) thick.
The Inner Core • The inner core of the Earth has
temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed and are forced to vibrate in place like a solid.
• Temperatures greater than 10,000 °F
• Hotter than the surface of the sun • Diameter of about 746 miles
(1200km)