EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY. TIME PERIOD 1900 – 1945 KEY IDEAS Early modern art flourished at a time...
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Transcript of EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY. TIME PERIOD 1900 – 1945 KEY IDEAS Early modern art flourished at a time...
TIME PERIOD1900 – 1945
KEY IDEAS
Early modern art flourished at a time of immense political unrest and social upheaval. Modern artists and architects were quick to embrace new technologies.
Avant-garde patrons cultivated cutting-edge artists.
The Armory Show introduced modern art to America and Gallery 291 exhibited photography. Modern art becomes more international.
FAUVISM
c. 1905 – 1908
So named because a critic thought the works looked like they were created by ‘Wild Beasts’. Fauves stressed a painterly surface with broad, flat areas of violently contrasting color. Expressive efforts maximized.
GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM
1905 – c. 1913
The German equivalent of Fauvism, Die Brüke (The Bridge) artists saw themselves as a bridge from traditional to modern painting. A second group, called Der Blue Reiter (The Blue Rider) began to forsake representational art and moved towards abstraction.
CUBISM
c. 1907 – 1930s
Influenced by simple geometries of African masks, which were popular in Paris. Artists broke down human forms into angles and shapes, which showed the same object from many perspectives.
Two Forms: Analytical and Synthetic. Analytical cubism was highly experimental with jagged edges and complex lines. Synthetic cubism was inspired by collages, found objects and featured flattened forms.
FUTURISM
1909 – 1914
Inspired by Cubism, futurism celebrated modern scientific and technological progress. Forms look shattered and prismatic as artists glorify the machine.
DADA
1916 – 1925
Disillusioned by useless slaughter of World War I, Dadaists rejected conventional methods of representation and exhibition. Oil and canvas are abandoned in favor of the absurd and nonsensical.
THE ARMORY SHOW
1913
Named after the building in New York where it was held, The Armory Show introduced Americans to current trends in European painting and American artists.
PHOTO-SECESSION
1902 – 1917
From 1902-1917 Alfred Stieglitz’s gallery, called 291, was the most progressive gallery in the United States, showing photographs as works of art and other avant-garde paintings.
SURREALISM
1924 – 1930s
Inspired by psychological studies of Freud and Jung. Surrealists sought to represent an unseen world of dreams, subconscious thoughts, and unspoken communication.
SUPREMATISM
1913 – 1920s
Suprematists thought that nonobjective reality was greater than anything that could be achieved by representation. Forms float on a white background, usually suspended in thoughtful arrangements.
DESTIJL
1917 – 1930s
Literally ‘The Style,’ DeStijl was a Dutch movement that advocated pure abstraction by reducing images to the most basic forms and colors possible.
ARCHITECTURE
TITLE DATES LOCATION
BAUHAUS 1919-1933 Weimer and Dessau, Germany
INTERNATIONAL STYLE 1920s-1930s International
PRARIE STYLE 1900-1917 Chicago
ART DECO 1920-1930s International
ORGANIC ART
Late 1920s -1930s
More organic than descriptive, Organic artists believed in the honesty of simple shapes and the sleekness and roundness of forms.
POLITICAL AND SOCIAL COMMENTARY
1930s
Depression art recognized the plight of the destitute and raised social issues and concerns.