Early Inhabitants in Pennsylvania

Chapter 2Lessons 4-7

Lesson 4

• Land Bridge – bridge made from land or ice• Clans – small villages

• Native American tribes came to North America 12,000 years ago, over the land bridge between Asia and North America– Hunted animals and slowly spread across the

continent– No written language

• 2 large groups of Indians located in Pennsylvania, classified according to what language they spoke– Algonquin Tribes– Iroquois Tribes

• Woodland Indians – Indians who lived in the woods.

• Algonquian Tribes– Delaware– Shawnee– Nanticoke

• Iroquois Tribes– Cayuga– Mohawk– Oneida– Onondaga– Seneca• Tuscarora, Erie, & Susquehannock followed later

• Systems of Governments– Chief and council members selected by the

women

– “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”• Simple rule of right and wrong

Lesson 5

• Bartering – trading goods• Ford – best and shallowest location to cross a stream or

river• Longhouse – Iroquois houses that held many families• Sweathouse – like a spa, used to stay clean• Tipi – type of wigwam with a conical shape• Wampum Belt – made from shells and ornaments,

used for trading or recording historical events• Wigwams - small Algonquin homes built from small

trees

TIPI

WIGWAM

Iroquois Longhouse

• Algonquian homes – single family• Iroquois longhouses – multiple families– 20 x 100 ft in size– Typical family included parents, children,

grandparents, aunts, uncles, and their children.

– When an Iroquois man married, he moved in with his wife’s family, but did not belong to their clan. • When too old, went back to mothers clan.

• Money– Trading and bartering• Wampum belts

• Roles– Men were hunters and warriors– Women and children skinned animals, prepared

and cooked meals, tended to crops, and did all the other work.

– Children were taught to respect their elders and appreciate life.

• Clothing– Deerskin was main fabric

• Religion– Worshiped nature and believe in one “Great

Spirit”– Revolved around nature and animals– Could contact spirits through dreams

• Transportation– Water – canoe– Land travel – series of trails crisscrossing the state– Different paths for different reasons• Hunting, visiting, trading, and fighting• “Moss on the trees” – in case they got lost

Lesson 6

• Conflict – war between opposing ideas• Retaliated – to get revenge• Settlements – setting up a new colony

• Early European Settlements– Sweden, France, Holland, and England – mapped

and claim land in PA prior to Penn’s Birth.– Wanted to stake claim to riches in new world

• Scene for Conflict– Native Americans – did not view land as theirs– Europeans – wanted to buy that the Native Americans

were originally willing to share.

• 1638 – Swedes settled near Philadelphia area• Governed by Johan Printz• Colonists captured small Dutch fort on the

Delaware.• Dutch retaliated and conquered Swedes1664 – King if England sent fleet of ships and to take over

the Dutch colonies, surrendered with firing a shot

• Impact of Swedes and Dutch on PA:– Architecture, customs, and names.

Johan Printz

Lesson 7• Absolute Monarchy – rulers who believed only they had the

wisdom, vision, or authority to decide everything for the people • Church of England – King’s church during 1600’s• General Assembly – group of people appointed to make rules

on how PA should be governed• Holy Experiment – William Penn’s plan for PA, religious

freedom, people had say in gov’t, & all people were created equal

• Imprison – put in jail• Land Grant – being given land• Religious Freedom – able to worship who/what you want• Survive – to live

William Penn Starts the Colony of Pennsylvania

• http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=19601

• William Penn – born 1644– Attended Oxford University– Attended meetings of a religious group called the

Society of Friends or Quakers• Quakers believed – everyone was equal –War and fighting were wrong

• Church of England – by law, everyone belonged to the King’s church– Other beliefs were not tolerated (jail)

• Penn was kicked out of Oxford for his religious beliefs, member of Quakers

• Penn imagined starting a colony where people of all religions could practice their beliefs without fear of being imprisoned.

• Penn did not believe in absolute monarchy

• How did Penn get the land for Pennsylvania?– King borrowed large sums of money from Penn’s

father, an admiral.– After fathers death, king could not repay the

money he borrowed from the Penn’s– Penn took opportunity to ask for a land grant in

North America.– 1681, King granted most of land that now is

Pennsylvania.• Next to the king, Penn was one of the largest

landowners in the world.

• Penn’s Holy Experiment• 1681, Penn began to plan, a place where all could worship

as they feel fit, everyone was equal

• While establishing colony, Penn got along with the Delaware Indians

• Indians call Penn “Brother Omas” • Penn paid Tamanend, the Delaware Chief, for

the land the King of England gave him• When people of Europe heard about Penn’s

ideas, settlers began to flock to Pennsylvania

• When colony of Pennsylvania established, Penn put forth 3 laws throughout the years:– 1682, “The Great Law” – stated that all people were

created equal– 1682, “Frame of Government” – allowed the people

to set up a council and General Assembly, choosing them from the citizens

– 1701, “The Charter of Privileges” – said that General Assembly could now suggest laws to be considered by the King/Queen of England.

– How did these laws influence colonial independence?