Early Christianity Apostolic Post Apostolic / Ante-Nicene Post Apostolic / Ante-Nicene Union with...
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Transcript of Early Christianity Apostolic Post Apostolic / Ante-Nicene Post Apostolic / Ante-Nicene Union with...
HISTORY OF<christianity
Early Christianity
Apostolic
Post Apostolic/ Ante-Nicene
Union with Roman Empire
Medieval Christianity
1-100 AD 100-325 AD 325-800 AD 800-1300 AD
Who was the last apostle todie and when?
Judas Iscariot 31 AD Hung himself
James, Son of Zebedee
44-45 AD Beheaded by Herod Agrippa I
Philip 54 AD Crucified
Matthew 60-70 AD Beheaded in Ethiopia
James, Son of Alpheus
63 AD Stoned / Clubbed
Peter 64-68 AD Inverted crucifixion
Paul 67 AD Beheaded
Andrew 70 AD Crucified
Bartholomew 70 AD Flayed / Crucified
Thomas 70 AD Speared
Matthias 70 AD Stoned /Crucified
Jude 72 AD Beaten with sticks
Simon 74 AD Crucified
John 95 AD Old age
Great Fire of Rome64 AD
PersecutionsPersecution ofChristians
ΙΧΘΥΣ
Ιησους Iesous JesusΧριστóς Xristos Christ,Θεοῦ Theou God’sΥἱός Yios Son,Σωτήρ Sotare Saviour
ἰχθύς ichthys fish
Great Persecution303-311 AD
What does BC and AD mean?
BC
AD
Before Christ
Anno DominiIn the year of the Lord
Constantine the Great
Early Church
• Emergence of leadership structure– Episkopos, presbyters,
deacons
• Heresies and apologists– Gnostics, Ebionites, Nazarenes
• Iconography• Monasticism– Desert hermit-monks
The Good Shepherd3rd century
Gnosticism
Ambrose Jerome Augustine Gregory the Great
Western Church
Eastern Church
Basil Athanasius Gregory of Nazianzus
John Chrysostom
Apostles’ Creed
I believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth.I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; he descended to the dead. On the third day he rose again; he ascended into heaven, he is seated at the right hand of the Father, and he will come to judge the living and the dead.I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.Amen.
We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds, Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father; by whom all things were made; who for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man; he was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate, and suffered, and was buried, and the third day he rose again, according to the Scriptures, and ascended into heaven, and sits on the right hand of the Father; from thence he shall come again, with glory, to judge the quick and the dead; whose kingdom shall have no end. And in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and Giver of life, who proceeds from the Father, who with the Father and the Son together is worshiped and glorified, who spake by the prophets. In one holy catholic and apostolic Church; we acknowledge one baptism for the remission of sins; we look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.
Nicene Creed
First Seven Ecumenical Councils
381 ADConstantinople (1st)
325 ADNicaea (1st)
431 ADEphesus
451 ADChalcedon
553 ADConstantinople (2nd)
680 ADConstantinople (3rd)
787 ADNicaea (2nd)
Nicene CreedDate of Easter
Add Holy Spirit toNicene Creed
Mary is Motherof God
Jesus hastwo natures
Venerated holy images
Jesus hastwo wills
Address heresies
Nicene Creed
HERETICSPunching them won’t stop people believing their lies, but it feels so good
Ambrose Jerome Augustine Gregory the Great
Western Church
Eastern Church
Basil Athanasius Gregory of Nazianzus
John Chrysostom
St Augustine of Hippo
• Salvation through grace• Original sin• Baptisms are conferred by Christ (not priest)• Baptism necessary for salvation• Children are tainted by original sin and thus
baptism is allowable, and necessary• Damnation of unbaptised infants• Predestination• Just war theory
Ambrose Jerome Augustine Gregory the Great
Western Church
Eastern Church
Basil Athanasius Gregory of Nazianzus
John Chrysostom
Catholic
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
Oriental Orthodox
Restorationism
Church of the East
Denominations
DenominationsCatholic 1.2 billion
Protestant 600-800 million
Eastern Orthodox 280 million
Oriental Orthodox 82 million
Restorationism 49 million
Church of the East 0.6 million
Great Schism
• Disputes with:– Filioque in Nicene Creed• Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father (and the
Son)
– Papal supremacy– Original sin– Immaculate conception– Purgatory
• Excommunications withdrawn in 1995
Oriental Orthodox
Ethiopian Orthodox 48 million
Coptic Orthodox 15.5 million
Armenian Apostolic 9.5 million
Ertrean Orthodox 2.5 million
Malankara Orthodox 2 million
Syriac Orthodox 1 million
Jacobite Syrian Christian 1.2 million
Eastern Orthodox
Russian 125 million
Romanian 23 million
Greek 18.6 million
Ukrainian 13.7 million
Serbian 11.5 million
Bulgarian 10 million
Georgian 5 million
Protestantism
Pentecostal 130 million
Baptist 100 million
Anglican 85 million
Nondenominational 80 million
Lutheran 75 million
Methodist 75 million
Reformed 75 million
African 40 million
Seventh-day Adventist 17 million
Restorationism
Latter Day Saints 15.1 million
Iglesia ni Cristo 10 million
New Apostolic Church 10 million
Jehovah’s Witnesses 7.7 millionChurch of Christ, Scientist 0.4 million
Friends of Man 0.07 million
Christadelphians 0.06 million
St. Thomas Christians
2M
1.1M
35k
3.8M
0.5M
1.2M
50k
Ambrose Jerome Augustine Gregory the Great
Western Church
Eastern Church
Basil Athanasius Gregory of Nazianzus
John Chrysostom
St. Thomas Christians
2M
1.1M
35k
3.8M
0.5M
1.2M
50k