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UNCLASSIFIED

A Defence S&T Approach to the Science of CyberspaceDr. Jackie Craig

Chief, Cyber and Electronic Warfare Divisionand

Dr Gareth ParkerResearch Leader, Cyber Sensing & Shaping

ADM Cyber Security Summit, June 2016

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Overview Big Science model Does cybersecurity qualify – if so, how? What would cybersecurity Big Science look like? Research program Defence’s approach Closing thoughts

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Big Science

Large Hadron Collider

LIGO

• Ambitious, clearly articulated goals e.g.‒ Detect gravity waves (LIGO)‒ Detect Higgs Boson (LHC)‒ Map the human genome (HGP)

• National Priorities• Coordinated, collaborative R&D

• Scientifically/technically very complex• Multidisciplinary• Very large teams (international)• Large-scale infrastructure• Outreach programs

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How big is big? Large Hadron Collider

– To build – over 10,000 scientist and engineers from over 100 countries– Data rate 25GB/s – Tens of PetaB/year– Distributed computing grid of 170 computational facilities across 36

countries Higgs Boson Paper 5,154 authors

– Nobel Prize

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Is cyber science ‘BIG’?

Strategic Research Priority:Improve cybersecurity for all Australians: Individuals, organisations, business, government, national infrastructure1 1. www.chiefscientist.gov.au

Three critical capabilities for society • Create and use knowledge• Communicate, collaborate and form alliances• Perform actions

“Increasing reliance on an increasingly vulnerable system”

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Is cyber science ‘BIG’? National priority Ambitious, clearly stated goals ? Coordinated, collaborative R&D ? Scientifically/technically very complex Multidisciplinary Very large teams ? Large scale infrastructure ? Outreach programs

Computer scienceCommunications

engineeringStatistics

Machine learning

Psychology

Applied maths

Electronic engineering

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Scale and complexity• The domain has been created by us – we’re creating

the scale … 3bn internet users,

20million in Australia 1bn webpages ……….

Strong interconnectivity and interdependency

Large dynamic hybrid networks Complex cyber physical, data

driven systems Ubiquitous encryption

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• The domain is expanding and morphing at an incredible pace• And the scale of uncertainty

- Environmental surprise- Incomplete, missing or misleading data

Scale and complexity

• New problems are not only being constantly discovered but created!

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The long and short of it ...“Cyber moves so fast long term research has no value”

“We need solutions now”

We need both - Short term, problem focussed research provides rich experience and

knowledge to inform medium term capability development- Long term provides a glimpse of the future, gets us ahead of the curve,

places us in a proactive, not reactive situation, provides capability in the medium term

Technology will not wait for us to catch up

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Only practical way to deal with the increasing uncertainty and complexity

Develop a shared and credible understanding of the problem space (short, medium, long term)

Enduring research themes, focussed in the most critical areas, and those around which he have or can build niche, deep expertise

Capacity to solve the important problems, including multi-disciplinary approach

Think, research and experiment in realistic environments at scale

Case for collaborative, integrated approach

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Three major components• Research program

- Address priority problems- Develop underpinning science disciplines and technologies

• Infrastructure- Primary aim of supporting research program- Secondary aim of supporting S&T community at large- Includes data … meaningful, representative and in

sufficient quantity and diversity

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Three major components• People

- Grow national science, technology and professional capability for the national good

- Outreach/education program

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Defence’s approach to Cyber S&T Frame our research around enduring themes Identify niche areas of contribution based on depth Invest in collaboration

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Research program• Modelling,

simulation, analysis

• Experimentation• Technology

concepts and demonstrators

• Science disciplines

• Technology development and forecasting

Short, Medium and Long term

Defining Themes

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Enduring research themesTechnology forecasting Cyber Influence and

data analytics

Sensing to EffectsSystem design for

resilience Autonomous Systems

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Collaborative research enclave hosted at the NRL Center for High Assurance Computer Systems

– Provides data storage and computational resources to test and validate low TRL prototypes or theories– Hosts shared code repositories, associated documentation and data

Remote access provided to NRL MIT-LL and DST Group researchers

Operational Environments

Operational Environments

Research Environment

Operational Environments

Real & Simulated Data

NRL Research

DST Group Research

MIT LL Research

Transfer Analytics & Techniques

Navy CND/DCO

PACOM

ADF – HQJOC,IO Squadron

Realistic Research Environment to develop analytics and techniques that can be transitioned into operational

environments

ADFCIRT

Realistic Environment - MARCsuneel.randahawa@dsto.defence.gov.au

172014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2020+

R&D

Mat

urity

Cross Domain Converged DesktopData61-DSTG CIOG Innovation Board Project

Goal: Security Harness incorporating Trustworthy Systems for Military Platforms and Critical Infrastructure applications

Target: Insertion of Cross Domain technology into ICT Refresh

Collaboration – trustworthy systems

Technology Transition

Researc

h

Academia Industry

Research Collaborators UNSW Data61 TTCPClients – Applications and Requirements CIOG Defence DFATTransition Alliances Data61 Northrop Grumman

DVG End Point SecurityProgressing to Client Trial

Industry

chris.north@dsto.defence.gov.au

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Network emulation including hardware-in-the-loop

Software Defined Networking alliance Defence partner communications

Infrastructure – network researchpeter.dickinson@dsto.defence.gov.au

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Client alignment Strong international partnerships, including TTCP Aligned but complimentary interests with Data61 Enduring and expanding relationships with universities Partnering with industry to deliver capability Enabled and empowered through FPR and the Defence

White Paper

DST Partnering

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Closing thoughts

Immense opportunity presents to us through cyber science and technology

• Collaborative research program• Infrastructure• People

The time is now!

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Questions?