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Social Science, Design of Question Paper

SYLLABUS AND DIVISION OF MARKS

S.NO.

UNIT MARKS

1. HISTORY 23

2. GEOGRAPHY 13+10(OTBA)=23

3. POLITICAL SCIENCE 22

4. ECONOMICS 22

TOTAL 90

NUMBER OF QUESTIONS / TYPE OF QUESTION AND MARKS

S.NO. OF

QUESTIONS

TYPE OF

QUESTIONS

MARKS

TOTALMARKS

QUESTIONS

1 TO 8

VSA

1 MARK EACH

8

9 TO 20

SHORT ANSWER

3 MARKS

EACH

36

21 TO 26

LONG ANSWER

5 MARKS

EACH

30

27 TO 28

MAP (GEOGRAPHY

& HISTORY)

3 MARKS

EACH

6

29 TO 30

OTBA

5 MARKS

EACH

10

TOTAL 90

Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com


Social Science (SA – II) Question Paper

UNIT CHAPTER VSQ

1

mark

SAQ

3

marks

LAQ

5

marks

MAP

6

marks

TOTAL

MARKS

1 HISTORY Forest Society and Colonialism

OR

Pastoralist in the

modern world

OR

Peasants and the

farmers

History and sports

The story of cricket

OR

Clothing

1 (1)

1(3)

2(3)

1(5)

1(5)

1(3)

History

23

2 GEOGRAPHY Climate

Natural vegetation

and wild life

Population

1(1

)

1 (3)

2(3)

2(5) (OTBA)

1(1)

1(1)

1(1)

Geography

23

3 POLITICAL

SCIENCE

Electoral Politics

Working Institutions

Democratic rights

1(1)

2(1)

1(3)

1(3)

1(3)

1(5)

1(5)

22

4 ECONOMICS Poverty as a challenge

Food security

2(1)

1(1)

1(3)

2(3)

1(5)

1(5)

22

(8 Questions of 1 Mark) (12 Questions of 3 Marks)

(6 Questions of 5 Marks) (1 Question Geography Map of 3 Marks)

(1 Question History Map of 3 Marks)(2Questions OTBA of 5 Marks each)

Total Questions in paper = 30 Total Marks=90



1

Subject – Social Science

Time : 3 Hrs. M.M. 90

General Instructions

1. The question paper has 30 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

2. Question from Serial No. 1-8 is very short questions (VSQ) of 1 mark each answer in

one word or line.

3. Question from Serial No. 9-20 is short answer (SA) questions of 3 marks each &

answer in 70-80 words.

4. Question from Serial No. 21-26 is long answer (LA) questions of 5 marks each &

answer in 100-120 words.

5. Question from Serial No. 27-28 is a map question of 3+3= 6 marks from geography &

history. Attach the map inside your answer book.

6. Question from Serial No. 29-30 are from OTBA of 5 marks each.

lkekU; funsZ'k%

1. Bl iz'u i= esa dqy 30iz'u gSa vkSj lHkh vfuok;Z gSaA

2. iz'u 1&8 rd vfr y?kqmÙkjkRed iz'u gSa tks 1&1 vad ds gSaA

3. iz'u 9&20 rd y?kqmÙkjkRed iz'u gSa tks lHkh 3&3 vad ds gSaA buds mÙkj 70&80

'kCnk saesa nsaA

4. iz'u 21&26 rd nh?kZ mÙkjkRed iz'u gSa tks lHkh 5&5 vad ds gSaA buds mÙkj

100&120 'kCnksa esa nsaA

5. iz'u 27&28 ekufp= ls lacaf/kr gS tks 3$3 ¾ 6 vad ds gSatks ¼Hkwxksy o bfrgkl½ l

sgSaA ekufp= dks Hkj dj mÙkj iqfLrdk ds lkFk layXu djsaA

6. iz'u 29&30 OTBA ls gSa tks lHkh 5&5 vad ds gSaA

iz-1 fØdsV fip dh yackbZ d;k gS\

What is the length of cricket pitch?

;k or

fdl leqnk; us lcls igys if'peh oL=ksa dks viuk;k\ ¼1½ Which community first adopted western style clothing?

izñ 2- प्रकृतिक वनस्ऩति क्माgS\ ¼1½ What is natural vegetation ?

izñ 3- laln dk lcls vf/kd 'kfDr'kkyh lnu dkSu&lk gS\ ¼1½

Which is the most powerful house of the parliament?

izñ 4- Hkkjr esa Lora= pquko ds fy, dkSu ftEesnkj gSa\ ¼1½

Who is responsible for free and fair election in India?

izñ5 jkT; lHkk fdrus le; rd foÙk fo/ks;d dks jksd ldrh gS\ ¼1½

How long RajyaSabha Can delay a Money bill?

izñ6 ujsxk dc ikfjr gqvk\ ¼1½

When was NREGA Implemented ?

SOCIAL SCIENCE Class – IX



2

izñ7 गयीफी येखा क्मा है\ ¼1½ What is poverty line ?

izñ8 Hkkjr ds mu nksjkT;ksa ds uke crkb, tgk¡ gfjr Økafr ds dkj.k lcls vf/kd vukt dk

mRiknu gqvk\ ¼1½

Name the two states of India where Maximum grain was produced through Green

Revolution.

izñ9 vaxzstksa us Hkkjr esa oSKkfud okfudh dh 'kq#vkr D;ksa dh\

Why did British introduce the scientific forestry in India?

;k or

घूभन्ि vkSj pjokgksa ij ou vf/kfu;e ds izHkko dh O;k[;k dhft,A ¼3½ Describe the impact of forest Act on the Nomads & Pastoralists?

;k or

baXySaM esa xjhcksa n~okjk Fkzsf'kaxe'khuksa dk fojks/k D;ksa fd;k x;k\ Why threshing machines were opposed by the poor in England?

izñ10 egkRek xk¡/kh isaVkxqyj VwukZesaV ds vkykspd D;ksa Fks\

Why did the Mahatma Gandhi Condemn the pentagular tourament?

;k or

Hkkjrh; iks'kkd lfgrk vkSj ;wjksfi;u iks'kkd lfgark ds chp rhu varj crkb,A ¼3½

Give three difference between Indian dress code and European dress code.

izñ11 Hkkjr vkSj osLVbaMht esa gh fØdsV D;ksa bruk yksdfiz; gqvk\ ;g [ksy nf{k.k vesfjdk esa

bruk yksdfiz; D;ksa ugha gqvk\

Explain why cricket became popular in India and the West Indies. Give reasons why

it did not became popular in countries of south America.

;k or

xk¡/khth ds n~okjk 'kq: dh xbZ [kknh dks lHkh us D;ksa ugh aviuk;k\ ¼3½

Why could all people not wear Khadi that was introduced by Gandhiji?

izñ12 What are the main features of national popultion policy? (3)

याष्ट्रीम जनसॊख्मा नीति 2000 की भखु्म ववशषेिाएॊ क्मा हैं ?

izñ13 m".k dfVac/kh; lnk cgkj cuksa dh dksbZ rhu fo'ks"krk;sa crkb,A ¼3½ Write any three characterstics of Tropical evergreen forests.

izñ14 fyax vuqikr fdls dgrs gSa\ Hkkjr esa vleku fyax vuqikr ds dksbZ nks ftEesnkj dkjd

fyf[k,A ¼3½

What is Sex ratio? Mention any two reasons responsible for unfavourble sex ratio in

India?

izñ15 pquko vk;ksx ds dk;Z o 'kfDr;ksa dk o.kZu djsaA ¼3½

What are the powers and functions of Election Commission?

izñ16 Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa fn, x, lekurk ds vf/kdkj dh O;k[;k dhft,A ¼3½



3

Explain the Right to Equality enjoyed by the citizens of India?

izñ17 jktuhfrd dk;Z ikfydk vkSj LFkk;h dk;Z ikfydk esa varj fy[ksaA ¼3½

Distinguish between political Executive and permanent Executive?

izñ18 Hkkjr esa QSyh foLr`r fu/kZurk ds fdUgha rhu dkj.kksa dh O;k[;k dhft,A ¼3½

Explain any three causes for the widespread of poverty in India.

izñ19 [kkn~; lqj{kk ds rhu vk;keksa dh mYys[k dhft,A ¼3½

Describe the three dimensions of food security.

izñ20 la{ksi esa fVIi.kh fy[ksa& Write in short notes on ¼3½ ¼v½ U;wure leFkZu ewY; Minimum support price

¼c½ cQj LVkWd Buffer stock

izñ21 cLrj vkSj tkok ds vkSifuos'kd ou izca/ku esa D;k lekurk,¡ थी S a\ What were the similarities between colonial management of forest in Bastar and Java?

;k or

?kqearw leqnk; ds yksxksa dks ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij D;ksa tkuk iM+rk Fkk\ dksb ikap

dkj.k crk,aA

Why did nomadic people need to move from one place to another? Explain any five

reasons.

;k or

fo'o dhsÞ jksVh dh Vksdjhß ¼vesfjdk½ Þjsr dh Vksdjhß esa dSls rcnhy gks xbZ\ ¼5½ How did the bread basket of the world (USA) turn to the dust bowl? izñ22 vk/kqfud fØdsV ds fodkl esa rduhd fo'ks"k dj Vhñohñ rduhd ds fodkl us fdl izdkj

;ksxnku fn;k\

How have advances in technology, especially television technology, affected the

development of contemporary cricket?

;k or

Þ19oha 'krkCnh esa Hkkjr भें if'peh os'kHkw"kk dsa izpyu dh rjg&rjg ls izfrfØ;k gqbZAßmfpr rdZ nsdj bl dFku dh iqf"V djasA ¼5½

"The introduction of Western style clothing in the 19th

century in India met with

severe reactions in different ways." Support the statement with suitable arguments.

प्र॰23 Which steps have been taken by election commisision to conduct free

and fair election ?

चनुाव vk;ksx n~okjk Lora= ,oa fu"i{k pquko djokus ds fy, dkSu&dkSu ls dne mBk, tkrs gSa\ ¼5½

izñ24 Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr ds dk;Z rFkk 'kfDr;k¡ D;k gS\ O;k[;k djsaA Write the powers and functions of the President of India. ¼5½

izñ25 jk'ku dh nqdkuksa ds lapkyu esa D;k leL;k,a gSa\

What are the problems to the functioning of ration shops? ¼5½



4

izñ26 Hkkjr ljdkj n~okjk fd, x, fu/kZurk fujks/kd ds ikap egRoiw.kZ mik;ksa dh O;k[;k djksA ¼5½

Explain five important anti-poverty measures undertaken by the Governement of India.

izñ27 lalkj ds jktuSfrd ekufp= esa fuEufyf[kr dks fn[kk,¡A

On the political map of world show the following -

¼v½फस्िय Baster

¼c½सुभात्रा Sumatra ¼l½tkok Java

;k or

Hkkjr ds jktuSfrd ekufp= esa fuEu dks vafdr djks&

on the political map of India show the following -

¼v½catkjk Banjara

¼c½jkbZdk Raikas

¼l½xíh Gaddis ¼3½

izñ28¼A½ Hkkjr ds jktuSfrd ekufp= ij A & B nks fo'ks"krk,a fn[kkbZ xbZ gSaA nh xbZ tkudkjhdh

enn ls mudh igpku dj uD'kksa ij fpUg js[kk ij uke fy[kksA

Two feature A and B are marked on the given political map of India. Identify these

features with the help of following information and write their correct name on the

lines marked in the map

¼A½ ,d izdkjdkou

Type of forest

¼B½ ?kuh vkcknh okyk jkT;

Densely populated state

izñ28¼B½ Hkkjr ds mlh ekufp= esa fuEufyf[kr dks n'kkZvks& On the same political outline map of India locate and label the following item with

appropriate symbol.

¼a½ सरयस्का Sariska ¼3½



5

Q:-27

Q:-28



6

OPEN TEXT BASED ASSESSMENT (OTBA)

izñ31 Hkkjr esa ekulwu tyok;q dव̀ष Qlyksa dks dSl sizHkkfor djrh gSa\ ¼5½ What is the impact of Maonsoon climate of India on Indian agriculture.

izñ32 ge tyok;q ifjorZu dks jksdus ds fy, dkSu&2 ls dne mBk ldr sgSa\ ¼5½

What measures we can take to stop climate change.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Rainfall - An important factor governing Indian economy

Abstract

India, a primarily agrarian country, is dependent on rain for 62 % of its net sown

agricultural area. The southwest monsoon (June-September) provides about 80 % of

the India’s precipitation. As can be expected, a good monsoon season with sufficient

rainfall results in good agricultural production, whereas a bad monsoon season with

low precipitation negatively impacts the economy through lower production. Thus

Indian agriculture is governed by monsoon. Bumper production provides growth and

development to the rural areas, generating self employment facilities, raw material to

agro-based industries, better living standard and food security. Text enables to enrich

knowledge about Indian climate and agriculture. The students can understand the

role of monsoon in governing Indian agriculture, its economy, direct and indirect

impact on each and every occupation and suggested ways to reduce dependence of

agriculture on monsoon.

The climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic

scale and varied topography, making generalizations difficult. India has monsoon type of

climate. Notwithstanding its broad climatic unity, the climate of India has many regional

variations, expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of cycle of

seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness. These climatic differences are due to location,

altitude, distance from the sea, faces of the land and upper air circulation.



7

Characteristics of Monsoonal Rainfall includes

Seasonal in character-June to September Mainly orographic in its mode of occurrence Rainfall decreases with increasing distance from the sea Burst of monsoon and dry and wet spells Pulsating in nature

Did you know?

The Bombay HC order has ordered to shift IPL matches out of Maharashtra owing to water

crisis , then IPL chairman said they are ready to do whatever is in their hand to resolve the

water crisis but shifting of matches is surely not a solution.

Impact of Monsoon Climate of India on Agriculture –An overview

India is a Monsoon land. Besides it is basically an agricultural country. Monsoon climate

influences agricultural crops in a big way as under:

India is primarily an agricultural country. About 74% of the total population directly or indirectly earns livelihood from agriculture. Growth and development of Indian agriculture is mainly dependent on Monsoon climate.



8

Climatic diversities have led to differential cropping patterns. Both tropical and temperate climates allow agricultural crops to be raised here without any difficulty. Agricultural crops include rice, wheat, jawar-bajra, cotton, tea and oilseeds.

High temperatures have resulted in ever growing seasons: Agricultural crops are raised throughout the year.

Sudden rise in temperatures in summer culminates in less and partially grown grains. Hence our production of food grains is inferior in quality.

Western depressions cause rains in the North-western parts of the country in winter. It is ideal for wheat cultivation.

Dry summer causes dearth of fodder for animals. Uncertainty and unevenness of rainfall causes damages to agricultural crops. It also

creates twin problems of floods and famines in the country. Mosquitoes breed in large numbers in rainy season, causing Malaria. Other diseases

which cause anxiety in this season are Cholera and Diphtheria.

Indian agriculture’s tryst with monsoon, or the South-West monsoon to be precise, is an age-old

one. It is also unique. There is hardly any other climatic event across the globe that can match

the Asian monsoon in its grandiose sweep and bearing on the economy. The monsoon that hits

India is the largest in the world because of the extent of area covered, which is practically the

whole subcontinent. “Industry in India depends greatly on the monsoon,” says Laxman Singh

Rathore, Director General, India Meteorological Department (IMD). “It is believed that only the

agriculture sector is affected by monsoon. Despite its contribution to the GDP declining to 15

per cent, it remains a vital sector for rural India where 65 per cent of our population resides. But

all other sectors, particularly power, are equally dependent on the season,” adds Rathore.

A century ago, Viceroy Lord George Curzon had said that the Indian economy is a ‘gamble on the

monsoon.’ Rathore agrees that it continues to be so. Weather patterns impact farm and

industrial output, labour productivity, energy demands and health. India, which is the world’s

second-biggest grower of rice and wheat, depends on the June-September rains to water its

farms because about 60 per cent of arable land isn’t irrigated. Farmers rely on the timing of the

monsoon to decide which crops to grow. The season typically starts on the first day of June.

Every few years, parts of the country are impacted due to insufficient rains. This drives up food

prices and hits electricity output. This causes inflation, the bugbear of policymakers, to flare up.

Riding the luck

The Indian monsoons, among the most prominent and oldest weather patterns in the world, are

perhaps unique in terms of their profound economic significance, affecting the lives of 25 per

cent of the world’s population that live in the Indian sub-continent. In India alone, monsoon

rains are vital to the farm sector which accounts for 14 per cent of the national economy and

around 50 per cent of employment. Moreover, half of India’s farmland lacks irrigation. Yet, it has

proven notoriously difficult to predict, and understanding of the phenomenon is still evolving.

In addition, the good monsoon is likely to stimulate rural employment and give a fillip to

industrial production as well.

Searching for perfection- Innovative Methods Required to Deal with

‘Deficient Monsoon’



9

Need of the hour is to develop latest technologies that enhance farmers’ confidence and give a higher cost-benefit ratio are organic practices such as growing green manure, and plant protection measures, such as applying a herbal decoction.

The present scenario exemplifies the importance of making agriculture in India more drought resistant and increasing agricultural water use efficiency to produce ”more crop per drop.”The Centers for International Projects Trust, affiliated with the Columbia Water Center at the Earth Institute, has undertaken various low cost technological innovations to reduce the amount of water used for the production of rice and wheat.

In Central Punjab, India, the center and Punjab Agricultural University worked with 8,000 farmers to achieve a 12-15 percent reduction in water use through the use of low cost tensiometers, a tool used to measure the moisture content of the soil. These savings also correspond to a reduction in energy usage for groundwater extraction. The center plans to introduce a new, easy-to-use and low-cost soil moisture sensor that will inform farmers when to irrigate their fields.

In Gujarat, India, the center has been pilot testing the use of GW-11 variety of wheat with farmers in the Mehsana district of North Gujarat. GW-11 is drought resistant and produces yields that are comparable to the traditional variety of wheat. The center is in the process of collecting this harvest season’s GW-11 crop yield measurement data with the intent to analyze the production versus the number of irrigations. Initial findings indicate that the GW-11 variety requires less irrigation than traditional wheat.

Low cost innovations not only reduce water usage in agriculture but also make farmers less vulnerable to climate variability, especially as it relates to the monsoon season. Simple solutions like the ones being developed by the center have the potential to be widely adopted and lead to significant water savings and growth in agricultural production.

The table below shows the impact of a normal versus below normal southwest monsoon season

on the production of two major food grains – rice and wheat – across the past decade.

Year Status of Monsoon Production of Rice ( Metric Tonnes)

Production of Wheat ( Metric Tonnes)

2002 - 03 Below Normal

MonsoonDrought Year 71.82 65.76

2003- 04 Normal Monsoon 88.28 72.11 2004 - 05 Below Normal

MonsoonDrought Year 83.13 68.64

2005 - 06 Normal Monsoon 91.79 69.35 2006 - 07 Normal Monsoon 92.76 74.89 2007 - 08 Normal monsoon 96.69 78.57 2008 – 09 2009 – 10 2010 – 11 2011 - 12

Normal monsoon Below Normal MonsoonDrought Year Normal monsoon Normal monsoon

99.18 89.09

95.98

105.30

80.60 80.80

86.87 94.88

Source : DAC data book and IMD Reports

The data shows a decrease in the production of rice and wheat during drought years (2002,

2004 and2009).



10

Rain fed districts and their crops District wise Rainfall

Precipitation in India is unevenly distributed over time and space. As shown in Figure 3, average

annual rainfall varies across districts, with less than 500mm in districts of western Rajasthan to

more than 1,500mm in the northeast. Figure 4 shows that rain-fed rice is mostly prevalent in

the eastern and northeastern parts of India, whereas coarse cereals are mainly confined to

western and central regions.



11

Agriculture Practice : Dependence on Monsoon

Thus we can say that we have to find alternatives to reduce dependence on monsoon, improve

agricultural productivity and create rural job opportunities. Dams used for irrigation projects

help produce electricity and transport facilities, as well as provide drinking water supplies to a

growing population, control floods and prevent droughts. Indian economy is vitally linked with

the monsoon because of its water resources. The distinct advantage of hydro-electric power

over all other types of power is that its source, i.e. monsoon water, is perennial, although it

shows some fluctuations from year to year. The population of India is increasing at a much

faster rate than the total food grains production and soon the country may be facing a serious

economic crisis. A large part of the monsoon water which is currently unutilized should be held

at suitable locations for irrigation and possible power generation.



12

वषाा :बायिीम ूथात्मवस्था के सॊचारन का एक भहव्वऩू ा कायक

सायाॊश

बायि भुख्म रूऩ से एक कृवष प्रधान देश है ,ासके शुष फ मे हुए कृवष ऺेत्र का 26 प्रतिशि फारयश ऩय तनबाय है |दूऺ ऩ मचभ भानसून (जून – ससिम्फय )बायि भें सार भें रगबग

48 प्रतिशि वषाा कयिा है |ऩमााकि वषाा व एक ूर्वे भानसून के भ सभ ूर्वे कृवष ाव्ऩादन की ाभ् भीद की जा सकिी है ,जफथक कभ वषाा से कभ ाव्ऩादन व ूथात्मवस्था

ऩय नकायाव्भक प्रबाव ऩािा है |ैस प्रकाय बायिीम कृवष भानसून से तनमॊतत्रि ह िी है |ूधधक ाव्ऩादन गाभी ऺेत्र भें स्वय जगाय की सुववधा ,कृवष धारयि ाद्म ग के कर्च े

भार,फेहिय जीवन स्िय तय क ्ृवष के फाये भें ऻान व ब य म सुयऺा क सभषृ कयने के सरए हभें सऺभ फनिा है |मह ऩाय ,वात्र क बायिीम कृवष ऩय भानसून के प्रबाव ,ैसके

ूथात्मवस्था व प्रव्मेक त्मवसाम ऩय प्रव्मऺ तय ूप्रव्मऺ प्रबाव िथा कृवष की भानसून ऩय तनबायिा भें कभी के सरए सुिाव दे सकिे हैं |

बायि क जरवामु भें एक ववशार ब ग सरक ऩैभाने ऩय तय ववववध स्थराकृति भें भ सभ की स्थति की एक ववस्ििृ श्रॊखरा शासभर है ज ैसके साभान्मीकय क भु मकर फनिी है

|बायि की जरवामु भानसून प्रकाय की है |एक त्माऩक जरवामु सभानिा ह िे हुए बी,बायि की जरव्ामु का कई ऺेत्रीम ववववधिाओॊ ,हवाओॊ ,िाऩभान तय वषाा भ सभ के चन की

रम तय नभी मा सूखाऩन की टैगी के ऩैडना भें त्मक्ि थकमा जािा है |जरवामु भें मह ूॊिय स्थान ,ईॊ चाई ,सभुद् से दयूी,जभीॊ की स्थति तय वामुभॊैर भें हवा के ऩरयसॊचय के काय

हैं |

ववचाय तय चचाा कय :कैसे भानसून की स्थति बायि क एक फनिी है ?



13

बायि के जरवामु ऺेत्र

भानसूनी वषाा के रऺ भें शासभर हैं :

भ सभी चरयत्र – जून से ससिम्फय िक घडना की ूऩनी ववधा भें भुख्म रूऩ से ऩवािकृि वषाा सभु से दु्दयी फढ़ने के साथ कभ ह जािी है भानसून तय सुखी व गीरी प षाय का पडना वषाा की धभाकेदाय प्रकृति

कृषि :भारत के मानसून जऱवायु के प्रभाव पर ससिंहावऱोकन

बायि एक भानसून ओप्रषन बूसभ है |भानसून जरवामु कृवष पसर क प्रबाववि कयािी है :

बायि भुख्मा रूऩ से एक कृवष प्रधान देश है |कुर जनसॉख्मा का रगबग 37 %प्रव्मऺ मा ूप्रव्मऺ रूऩ से कृवष से जीवका प्राकि कयिा है |बायिीम कृवष का

ववकास भुख्म रूऩ से भानसून जरवामु ऩय तनबाय है |



14

जरवामु की ववववधिाओॊ ने पसर ऩैडना भें ूॊिय ाव्ऩन्न थकमा है |द न ाष्ट् कलडफॊधीम तय शीि ष्ट् जरवामु ,कृवष पसर क फ ्ना थकसी कथनी के

ागने भें भदद कयिी है |कृवष पसर भें चावर ,गेंहू ,फाजया ,कऩास,चाम तय तिरहन शासभर हैं |

ार्च िाऩभान सदाफहाय भ सभ का काय फनिा है:कृवष पसरें सार बय ागाई जािी हैं|

गसभाम भें िाऩभान भें ूचानक ववृष ,कभ तय ॊसशक रूऩ से ूनाज ागने का काय फनिी हैं ,ैससरए हभाये खाद्मान्न की ाव्ऩादन की गु वव्िा याफ ह जािी

है | ऩ मचभी दवाफ सलदाम भें देश के ाव्िय – ऩ मचभ बाग भें फारयश का काय फनिा

है |मह गेंहू की खेिी के सरए दशा है | शुष्ट्क गभी जानवय के सरए चाये की कभी का काय फनिी है| ू तन मचििा तय वषाा की ूसभानिा कृवष पसर क नुकसान का काय फनिी हैं

|मह देश भें फाढ़ तय ूकार की सभस्मा ऩैदा कयिी है | फयसाि के भ सभ भें भर्वय फाी सॊख्मा भें ऩनऩिे हैं व भरेरयमा का काय फनािे

हैं |ून्म य ग ैस भ सभ भें धचॊिा का काय ह िे हैं – हैजा तय टैकथीरयमा |

भानसून मा दूऺ -ऩ मचभ भानसून के ईऩय बायिीम कृवष की तनबायिा िथा भानसून की सडीक बववष्ट्मवा ी एक ऩुया ी वूद्वविीम घडना है |शामद ही दतुनमा बय भें क ई ून्म

भ सभी घडना है ज थक एसशमाई भानसून की ियह ूथात्मवस्था ऩय ैिना ूसय कय सकिी है |ऩूये ववमव भें भानसून द्वाया बायि का ही सफसे फैा ऺेत्र है ज भानसून से प्रबाववि

ह िा है ,ज त्मवहारयक रूऩ से ऩूया ाऩभहाद्वीऩ है “ | बायि भें ाद्म ग भानसून ऩय फहुि तनबाय कयिा है ”|रऺभन ससॊह याय य ,भहातनदेशक ,बायिीम भ सभ ववबाग ( ई एभ ैी )

कहिे हैं थक “मह भाना जािा है थक क ्ेवर कृवष ऺेत्र भानसून से प्रबाववि है ”सकर घयेरु ाव्ऩद्द भें 51 % की धगयावड के सरए ने म गदान के वावजूद मह गाभी बायि भें जहाॉ

हभायी जनसॉख्मा का 21 % यहिा है ,के सरए एक भहव्वऩू ा कयक फना हु है रेथकन ून्म सबी ऺेत्र ववशषेरूऩ से तफजरी ाव्ऩादन बी भ सभ ऩय ािना ही तनबाय है “ |

एक शिाब्दी ऩहरे वाैसयाम राैा जॉजा कजान ने कहा थ थक बायिीम ूथात्मवस्था “भानसून ऩय एक जु “है |याय य ैस फाि से सहभि हैं थक मह स्थति ूबी बी जायी है

भ सभ के सभजाज का प्रबाव खेि तय तद्म धगक ाव्ऩादन,श्रभ ाव्ऩादकिा,ाजाा की भाॊग तय स् वस्थाय्म ऩय ऩािा है ,बायि ज चावर तय गेंह का दतुनमा भें दसूया सफसे

ाव्ऩादक है ,ूऩने खेि क ऩानी प्रदान कयने के सरए जून ससिम्फय की फारयश ऩय तनबाय



15

कयिा है क्म थक कृवष म ृम बूसभ का रगबग ०६ प्रतिशि ससॊधचि नहीॊ है |थकसान पसर क ागाने का पैसरा कयने के सरए भानसून के सभम ऩय बय सा कयाॊडे हैं |भानसून का

भ सभ भ ि य ऩय जून के ऩहरे लदन से शुरू ह िा |हय वषा देश के कुव लहस्से ूऩमााकि फारयश की वजह से प्रबाववि ह िे हैं |मह खाद्म ऩदाथढ़ की थकूभ क फढ़ने तय तफजरी

ाव्ऩादन भें कभी रिा है |मह भु ा स्पीति नी ति तनभााि क ैयाने एवॊ ानकी धचॊिा का काय फनिा है |

भाग्य पर ननभभरता

बायिीम भानसून दतुनमा भें सफसे प्रभुख तय प्राचीन भ सभ के सभजाज के रूऩ भें बास्रिी ाऩभहाद्वीऩ भें ाऩ स्थि ववमव की जनसख्मा के 61 % के जीवन क प्रबाववि कय एवॊ शामद ान ऩय धथाक भहव्व्व की दृ ष्ट्ड से ूद्वविीम है |ूकेरे बायि भें भानसून की

फारयश कृवष ऺेत्र ,ज थक यास्रीम ूथा त्मवस्था के 57 % तय य जगाय के रगबग 18 % के सरए भहव्वऩू ा है ,क प्रबाववि कयिी है ,ैसके रावा ,बायि भें रगबग धी कृवष

बूसभ भें ससॊचाई का बाव है }भानसून की बवव ष्ट्मवा ी कयना बी फेहद भु मकर सातफि ह िा है तय ैस घडना की सभि ूबी बी ववकससि ही ह यही है |ैसके रावा ूर्वा

भानसून गाभी य जगाय क प्र व्सालहि कयने तय तद्म धगक ाव्ऩादन क फढ़ावा देने भें सहामिा कयिा है |

कमजोर मानसून के साथ ननपटने के सऱए आवश्यक आदर्भ – असभनव तरीकों की खोज

विाभान सभम की वममकिा नवीनिभ िकनीक का ववक्स एवॊ थकसान का ववमवास फढ़ने के सरए तय एक ार्च रगि राब ूनुऩाि देने के सरए एक जैववक प्रथनमा क ूऩनाने के रूऩ भें फढ़ यही है ,जैसे थक हयी खाद का ववकास तय ऩ ध सॊयऺ के ाऩाम एक हफार काढ़े के रूऩ भें है |

वव्िाभान ऩरयदृमम बायि भें ूधधक सूखा प्रतिय धी तय फढािी कृवष जर ाऩम ग दऺिा वारी कृवष कयने के भहव्व क फिािा है ,सभसार के ि य ऩय “प्रति फूॊद ूधधक

पसर “ूधधक ाव्ऩादन कयने के सरए ूॊियाष्ट्रीम ऩरयम जना रस्ड कें ज थक प्रकवी सॊसथान के क रॊतफमा जर कें के साथ सॊफष है ,ने ववसबन्न कभ रगि वारे

प्र द्म धगकी नवाचाय क प्रायम्ब थकमा है जससे की चावर तय गेहूॊ की ाव्ऩादन के सरए ाऩम ग थकमे जानेवारे ऩानी की भात्र क कभ थकमा जा सके |

बायि के भध्म ऩॊजाफ ,कें तय ऩॊजाफ कृवष ववमवववद्मारम ने ०६६६ थकसान के साथ कभ थकमा एवॊ कभ रागि वारे डे न्सम भीडय ,ज थक सभडडी भें नभी की भात्र

क भाऩने के सरए एक ाऩकय है ,के भाध्मभ से जर के ाऩम ग २१-51 प्रतिशि



16

िक कड िी कयने का प्रमास थकमा है |कें की म जना एक नए कभ रागि वारे एवॊ सानी से ाऩम ग भें रामे जा सकन्े वारे सभडडी के नभी सॊवेदक ,थकसान क

ाऩरब्ध कयने की है ज ान्हें मह फिा सकें गे थक खेि की ससॊचाई कफ की जाए | कें ने बायि के गुजयाि के ाव्ियी गुजयाि भहसाना जरे भें थकसातनन के साथ गेहूॊ

की WG – 55 थकस्भ के प्रम ग ऩामरड प्रसशऺ थकमा है |WG – 55 सखूा प्रतिय धी है तय ऩैदावाय भें गेहूॊ की ऩायॊऩरयक थकस्भ के साभान है |कें WG – 55 थकस्स्भ

की पसर के ाव्ऩद् दन का ववमरेष कयने के ैयादे के साथ ैस पसर की ाऩज के ॊकै ेएकतत्रि कयने की प्रथनमा भें है |प्रायॊसबक निीज से सॊकेि सभरािा है की WG

55 थकस्भ क ऩयम्ऩयागि गेहूॊ की िुरना भें कभ ससॊचाई की वममकिा ह िी है | कभ रगि वारे नवाचय न केवर कृवष ऺेत्र भें ऩानी के ाऩम ग क कभ कयने िथा

थकसान क जरवामु ऩरयविानशीरिा के प्रति कभ ूसुयूऺि फनाने खासकय भानसून के भ सभ से सम्फॊधधि है |कें द्वाया ववकससि थकमे जा यहे सयर सभाधान त्माऩक रूऩ ससे ूऩनामे जानेवारे तय ऩानी की फचि एवॊ कृवष ाव्ऩादन भें ववृष कयने की साभकमा यखिें हैं |

विभ मानसनू की स्थथनत चावऱ उत्पादन ( मीट्रिक टन )

गेहूिं उत्पादन ( मीट्रिक टन )

2002 - 03 सूखा विभ 71.82 65.76

2003- 04 साभान्म भानसनू 88.28 72.11 2004 - 05 सामान्य से कम

मानसून सूखा विभ 83.13 68.64

2005 - 06 साभान्म भानसनू 91.79 69.35 2006 - 07 साभान्म भानसनू 92.76 74.89 2007 - 08 साभान्म भानसनू 96.69 78.57 2008 – 09 2009 – 10 2010 – 11 2011 - 12

साभान्म भानसनू सामान्य से कम मानसून सूखा विभ साभान्म भानसनू साभान्म भानसनू

99.18 89.09

95.98

105.30

80.60 80.80

86.87

94.88

ॊका से सूखा प्रबाववि सार (6886 ,6887 तय 6885 ) के द यान चावर तय गेहूॊ के ाव्ऩादन भें कभी का ऩिा चरिा है |



17

वषाा ससॊधचि िरे व पसरें

जरावाय तसि वावषाक वषाा

बायि भें सभम तय स्थान ऩय वषाा का ूसभान वविय लदखाई ऩािा है ,जैसा थक ऩहरे धचत्र भें लदखामा गमा है ,तसि वावषाक वषाा ,ऩ मचभी याजस्थान के जर भें कभ से कभ

188 सभरीभीडय की िुरना भें ऩूविि ् िय के जर भें 5188 सभरीभीडय से ूधधक रयकॉैा ह िी है |दसूये धचत्र से ऩिा चरिा है थक वषाा ससॊधचि चावर य मादािय बायि के ऩूवी तय

ऩूविव्िय लहस्स भें प्रचसरि है ,जफथक भ डे ूनाज भुख्मा रूऩ से ऩ मचभी तय भध्म ऺेत्र िक ही सीसभि है |



18

ैस प्रकाय हभ कह सकिे हैं थक हभें भानसून ऩय तनबायिा कभ कयके ,कृवष ाव्ऩादकिा भें सुधय तय गाभी य जगाय के नए ूवसय ऩैदा कयने के सरए ववकरऩ ख जने चालहमें |

ससॊचाई ऩरयम जनाओॊ के सरए फनामे गए फाॊध ,फजरी तय ऩरयवहन सुववधाओॊ फढ़ने के साथ ही फादी के सरए ऩीने के ऩानी की ऩूतिा कयने िथा फाढ़ एवॊ सूखे के तनमॊत्र भें भदद कयिें हैं |बायिीम ूथात्मवस्था भुख्मि :जर सॊसाधन ऩय तनबाय है ,ज थक भानसून के

साथ जुदा हु है |सबी प्रकाय की तफजरी ऩरयम जनाओ के सॊदबा भें ऩनतफजरी के ववसशष्ट्ड राब हैं क्म थक ैसका स्र ि है :भानसून का फायहभास ्ी ऩानी ,हाराॉथक ैसभें सार दय

सार कुव ािय चढाव चरिा है |बायि की जनसॉख्मा कुर खाद्मान्न ाव्ऩादन की िुरना भें एक फहुि िेज दय से फढ़ यही है तय जरद ही देश क एक गॊबीय धथाक सॊकड का साभना

कयना ऩै सकिा है |भानसून का ेंसा जर ज वव्िाभान भें ूप्रमुक्ि है ,का एक फाा लहस्सा ससॊचाई तय सॊबव ववद्मुि ाव्ऩादन के सरए ाऩमुक्ि स्थान ऩय ाऩम ग भें रम जाना चालहए |

-



1) 22 Yards or The Parsis 1

2) Plants, trees which grow at their own. 1

3) Lok Sabha 1

4) Election Commission of India. 1

5) 14 Days. 1

6) 2005 1

7) The poverty line is used as measure of absolute poverty. 1

8) Punjab & Haryana 1

9) Dutch enacted forest Laws in java ,restricting villagers acess to forests.

a)The British wanted trees which were suitable for building ships.

b)Railway Sleepers.

c)They need species like teak & sal which could provide hard wood

or

a) Various Restrictions.

B Impact on Agriculture

C) Loss of Livelihood.

d) Displacement of the People.

Or

a)Machines reduced the demand for labour .

b) Impact on Agriculture.

c) Loss of livelihood .

d )Displacement of the people. 1+1+1=3

10) Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pentagular Tournament was based on communal and racial lines

as Gandhiji felt that such a competition was out of place at a time when nationalist were trying to unite

India’s diverse population into a cohensive force .

Or

In Europe ,after French Revolution difference between social strata remained ,the poor could not dress

like the rich, nor eat the same food .but laws no longer barred people right to dress in the way they

wished. Difference in earning rather than sumptuary laws defined what rich & poor could wear .In India

social status ,income ,regionalism, caste, tradition remained powerful .

In European countries styles of clothing also emphasized difference between men & women. women

were groomed from childhood to be docile, dutiful, submissive & obedient .while men were expected to

be serious ,strong ,independent & aggressive .Girls wear tight laced up dresses .New values were

accepted with new times . Indian dresses were the symbols of national movements . 1+1+1=3

11) a)Being British colonies ,cricket was established as popular sport among whites only.

b) Initially, In India & West Indies , cricket became a symbol of higher social status among elites

who wanted to copy their colonial masters. Locals were discouraged to play this sport.

Marking Scheme



c) Later it became a sports of racial equality , political progress & social superiority .On the other hand

,game was not so popular in countries like those of South America since they were not dominated by

imperial England .

or

a) It was costlier than foreign cloths .

b) Married women did not like it due to light colour.

c) Problem of maintenance. 1+1+1=3

12) 1. Free & compulsory education upto 14 years .

2. Emphasis on the economic growth & social development.

3. Delay in marriages 1+1+1=3

13) a) They grow in area of annual rainfall of more than 200cm .

b) They are tall trees reaching heights of 60 mts. Or more .

c) Large number of species both in plants & animal kingdom are found .

d) These are inaccessible hence commercially less useful.

e )They grow in area of annual rainfall more than 200cm 1+1+1=3

14) The number of women per thousand male is called sex ratio.

a) Lesser care of female children as compared to male children

b). Women are subject to greater risks to their lives especially at the time of child birth.

c). Women are also killed or forced to die by the dowry seekers and sometimes poor parents who

cannot afford dowry and let their infant daughters die.

d). Due to illiteracy they cannot avail of the medical facilities. 1+1+1=3

15) Decides every aspect of conduct and control of Election commission

Implements the code of conduct.

Prevents government from misuse of powers. 1+1+1=3

16) Under the right to equality the Indian constitution has sought to lessen or remove the social

discrimination and economic disparities. Its essential features are as follows:

1) Equality before law

2) Prohibition of discrimination

3) Abolition of titles.

Importance: Right to equality is very significant to Indian Polity as every citizen even from the Prime

Minister to small farmer is liable to be treated equally before law. 1+1+1=3

17) Political Executive- elected by the people, makers of law and policies, can be changed



Permanent Executive- appointed by the government, incharge of execution of policies, they are

permanent.

1) He should be a citizen of India

2) He should not be less than 35 years of age 1.5+1.5=3

18) Causes for the widespread poverty in India:

1. Low level of economic development under colonial rule.

2. Less job opportunities

3. Low growth rate of income.

4. High growth rate of population.

5. Low per capita income . 1+1+1=3

19) 1. Availability of food means food production within the country, food imports and the previous year

stock stored in government granaries.

2. Accessibility means food is within reach of every person

3. Affordability implies that a individual has enough money to buy sufficient, safe and nutritious food

to meet one’s dietary needs. 1+1+1=3

20) a) MSP-This is the price at which govt.(through FCI)purchases crops from farmers .presently ,there

are 27 crops being purchased with such price including varities of cereals ,pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops

& others .

b) BF –A level of extra stock that is maintained to mitigate risk of short falls due to uncertainties in

supply & demand .here it is the stock of food grains procured by the govt. through FCI. 1.5 +1.5+3

21) 1) Both were under the colonial rule. Forest management of Baster in India was in the hands of

the British & in Java it was in the hands of the Dutch .

2) Both British & Dutch introduced Scientific forestry.

3) Both countries banned shifting cultivation .

4) Both the govt. wanted Timber to build ships & to make sleepers for railway.

5) In both places people revolted against their colonial powers .

6) Both revolts were crushed by the colonial powers .

Or

1) Their Grazing grounds shrank .

2) Their movement were regulated.

3) The revenue they had to pay increased .

4) Their agricultural stock declined .



5) Their trade & crafts were adversely affected .

Or

1) There rainfall failed year after year .

2) Temprature soared .

3) Ordinary dust stroms become Black Blizzards .

4) Overuse & exploitation of soil .

5) These suffocated people & cattles leading to their death & clogged the machines & damaged tractor

beyond repair It leads to disbalance of environment & ecology . 1+1+1+1+1=5

22) Kerry packer ,innovation to make cricket more attractive to tv audiences endured & change the

nature of the game .

a) Tv coverage has made the game popular even in the distant village .

b) It expanded the audiences for the game by beaming cricket into small towns & villages .

c) It also broadened crickets social base .

d) Coloured dress ,protective helmets ,field restriction & cricket under light become a standard part of

the post-packer game .

e) Cricket boards become rich by selling TV rights to TV companies.

Or

Western cloths were considered signs of modernity & progress. Many Indian (men)began to be

influenced by the western cloths & incorporated some elements of European style in their dresses .ex.

Parsis. They wore baggy trouser & used the phenta or (hat) with long coats without collars .They also

wore boots & also used walking stick .Dalit who converts to Christianity also found this trend attractive

.Few people adopted this & lost traditional cultural identity .

Few people combined Indian dress with western .They wore western dress at work & Indian dress at

home . 1+1+1+1+1=5

23. The Election commission has complete control over all the function connected with the conduct of

elections right from the announcement of election to the declaration of result .

a) Independent & impartial function of EC

b) Implementation of the code of conduct .

c) Instruct the state govt. to follow certain guide lines .

d) Provides equal opportunities to all nominated candidates .

e) EC can order repoll if there is report of rigging . 1+1+1+1+1=5

24) a) All executive function of union govt.. are performed in the name of the President .

b) He appoints the Governors, chief justice & other judges of the supreme court & High courts.



c) He appoints the Attorney General of India, members & chairman of UPSE .

d) He is the supreme commander of the Armed forces .

e) Money bill can only be introduced in the parliament on the recommendation of the president .

f) President has controls over contingency funds .

g) He has the power to pardon , reprieve & commute punishment .

h) He can address both the house of the parliament & can send the message to either house at

anytime . (Any five points) 1+1+1+1+1=5

25) a) The items sold in the ration shops are of poor quality .

b) Some dealers weight less & cheat the illiterate customers .

c) Some of the ration shop dealers resort to malpractices .They illegally divert the grains to the open

market for better gains .

d) Many times dealer do not open their shops regularly

e) With the introduction of colour coded cards & three different prices for the same articles to

different categories of people .shopkeepers indulge in more corruption . 1+1+1+1+1=5

26) a) National Rural Employment Gaurantee Act (NREGA) 2005:The act provides 100 days assured

employment every year to every rural household in 200 districts .

b) National Food For Work (NFWP) 2004 was launched in 150most backward districts of the country .

It is open to all rural poor who are in the need of wage employment .

c) Prime Minister Rozgar Yogana (PMRY) 1993: The aim is to create self employment opportunities

in rural areas & small towns .

d) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) 1995:The aim is to create self employment

opportunities in rural areas .

e) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar yogana (SGSY) 1999: It aims at bringing the poor families above

poverty line by organizing them into self help groups through bank credit & govt. subsidy.

1+1+1+1+1=5

27 & 28 : see geography & history textbooks. 3+3=6

29 & 30 : see OTBA 5+5=10

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