DNVGL-SE-0160 Technology qualification …...Changes - current Service specification —...

The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of chargefrom http://www.dnvgl.com, is the officially binding version.

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SERVICE SPECIFICATION

DNVGL-SE-0160 Edition December 2015Amended February 2018

Technology qualification management andverification

FOREWORD

DNV GL service specifications contain procedural requirements for obtaining and retainingcertificates and other conformity statements to the objects, personnel, organisations and/oroperations in question.

© DNV GL AS December 2015

Any comments may be sent by e-mail to [email protected]

This service document has been prepared based on available knowledge, technology and/or information at the time of issuance of thisdocument. The use of this document by others than DNV GL is at the user's sole risk. DNV GL does not accept any liability or responsibilityfor loss or damages resulting from any use of this document.

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Service specification — DNVGL-SE-0160. Edition December 2015, amended February 2018 Technology qualification management and verification

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CHANGES – CURRENT

This document supersedes the December 2015 edition of DNVGL-SE-0160.Changes in this document are highlighted in red colour. However, if the changes involve a whole chapter,section or sub-section, normally only the title will be in red colour.

Amendments February 2018

• Sec.3 The planning phase— [3.3.11]: In order to emphasize the result of a completed technology qualification process, the DNV GL

deliverable technology certificate has been updated to statement of qualified technology.— Figure 3-1: Figure has been amended to reflect the changes in [3.3.11].— Figure 3-2: Figure has been amended to reflect the changes in [3.3.11].

Amendments June 2016

• General— Distinction is made between acceptance criteria for delivery and limits for use.— The term designated service is used to refer to those limits.

• Sec.1 Introduction— Pertinent definitions have been included.

• Sec.3 The planning phase— Sub-section 3.4 Design verification and document review has been moved to Sec.4.

• Sec.4 Verification of technical performance— Sub-section 4.1 Design verification and document review has been moved from Sec.3.

Main changes December 2015

• GeneralThe title of document has been changed from Technology qualification management to Technologyqualification management and verification to reflect the increased scope. The document has been structuredto match the different phases of a project.

• Sec.1 Introduction— New text to introduce to entire scope.

• Sec.2 Pre-qualification— New section has been added.

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• Sec.3 The planning phase— [3.1] and [3.2]: Early stage pre-qualification and screening services included.— [3.3]: Adjustments and editing of the scope previously described in DNV-DSS-401.— [3.4]: New sub-section Design verification and document review.— [3.5]: New sub-section Qualification of the manufacturing process.

• Sec.4 to Sec.5New sections Sec.4 Verification of technical performance and Sec.5 The cessation phase.

• App.A Use of technology readiness levels— App.A has been amended compared to the preceding DNV-DSS-401.

Editorial correctionsIn addition to the above stated changes, editorial corrections may have been made.

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CONTENTS

Changes – current.................................................................................................. 3

Section 1 Introduction............................................................................................ 61.1 General............................................................................................. 61.2 Assuring technical performance for designated service.................... 61.3 Definitions.........................................................................................71.4 Value creation...................................................................................91.5 References...................................................................................... 14

Section 2 Pre-qualification.................................................................................... 152.1 General..........................................................................................15

Section 3 The planning phase............................................................................... 163.1 Screening........................................................................................ 163.2 Concept selection............................................................................163.3 Technology qualification management............................................163.4 Qualification of the manufacturing process.................................... 26

Section 4 Verification of technical performance....................................................284.1 Design verification and document review....................................... 284.2 Verification of products for delivery............................................... 284.3 Verification of integration for delivery............................................294.4 Re-verification................................................................................ 304.5 Verification of designated service...................................................304.6 Renewal.......................................................................................... 32

Section 5 Cessation phase.................................................................................... 335.1 Qualification and verification of decommissioning.......................... 335.2 Removal.......................................................................................... 335.3 Recycling and disposal....................................................................33

Appendix A Use of technology readiness levels.................................................... 34

Changes – historic................................................................................................35


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SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 GeneralThis service description supersedes the previous DNV-DSS-401 that described services denoted Technologyqualification management offered by DNV GL. This new service specification describes:

— A performance-based, end-to-end service offering from early planning through to verification of deliveriesand their designated service, and their cessation of use. This includes the technology qualificationmanagement services already described in the previous DNV-DSS-401 which is now found in [3.3].

— The connection between the services provided by DNV GL for technology qualification and verification ofcompliance with acceptance criteria and limits.

— Involvement required by DNV GL depending on the requested service and the pertinent project phase.

Focus of this document is placed on the transactions and hand-overs for which technology qualification andverification of compliance with validated requirements is needed:

— When planning is completed and agreement is made with a supplier that takes responsibility for delivery.— At delivery, when responsibility for the delivery is handed over to the owner or another recipient.— When operations cease and responsibility is handed over to an (internal or external) recipient for

discontinuing the operations in a responsible manner.

This document is subdivided into sections that address planning, delivery, operation and cessation.Thetechnology qualification services described in the previous DNV-DSS-401 are now mainly described under theTechnology qualification management in [3.3].

1.2 Assuring technical performance for designated service

1.2.1 Value proposition

1.2.1.1 Qualification of technical performance is for:

— Manufacturers seeking market access for their equipment, devices and facilities and associated serviceproviders.

— Operators, contractors and others seeking acceptance for their operations.

1.2.1.2 When an adequate set of acceptance criteria and limits does not exist for a technology already, thentechnology qualification with requirements validation enables the delivery of equipment, devices and facilitiesthat are in demand, as well as the operation of these in the manner that is needed.

1.2.2 Purpose

1.2.2.1 This document is intended to be used as contractual reference between a supplier and a recipient ofa delivery. The recipient can be an owner such as an operator of an oil field, a contractor offering services tooperators, or a system integrator that integrates the delivery with other products or services.

1.2.2.2 This document is also intended as a contractual reference when DNV GL performs qualificationservices for customers.

1.2.2.3 The purpose is to help suppliers getting justified market access and help recipients assuring theadequacy of deliveries and getting justified acceptance for using them in operations.


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1.3 DefinitionsTable 1-1 Definitions of verbal forms

Term Definition

shall verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the document

should verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable,without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarilyrequired

may verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the document

Table 1-2 Definitions – except for the definitions provided in this table, this document uses thedefinitions that are provided in DNVGL-RP-A203

Term Definition

acceptance criteria expressed set of requirements to equipment, devices, or facilities, pertaining to engineering,manufacturing and commissioning, which qualify the equipment, device, or facility fordesignated service

adequate assured with best endeavours to be relevant and complete for the case at hand (about a set ofacceptance criteria for delivery and limits for use)

argument demonstration of how evidence supports a claim

basic claim what the qualification aims to substantiate

critical parameter parameter used to express the difference between provision of function and failure to providefunction

customer DNV GL’s contractual partner

designated servicelimits

expressed set of limitations for use, pertaining to condition, operation, and application, thatdefine the designated service for which the equipment, device, or facility will be qualifiedprovided acceptance criteria have been met

statement ofqualified technology

technology qualification deliverable to affirm that an adequate set of acceptance criteria andlimits has been established for the technology in the opinion of DNV GL

endorsement ofqualification plan

technology qualification deliverable affirming that in the opinion of DNV GL the technology canbe qualified through the remaining, planned activities

evidence information used with argument to support a claim

function what something is intended to do

functionality external function

hazard departure from the design and operating intention that could cause damage, injury or otherform of loss (from Chemical Industries Association HAZOP Guide)

hazid structured review with the purpose of identifying all significant hazards associated with theparticular task under consideration

limits set of restrictions to operations, that define the designated service, so that the solution willhave defined performance provided acceptance criteria are met


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Term Definition

novel technology technology for which acceptance criteria for delivery or limits for use are incomplete

This includes the application of previously qualified technology in a different context. Atechnology that has been qualified by some may be novel to others, who are unfamiliar withadequate acceptance criteria or limits for the solutions.

performance quantitative expression of function

proven demonstrated not to fail in service when adequate set of acceptance criteria and limits areadhered to

The degree to which something is proven depends on the extent of service exposure and theextent to which the actual service has challenged failure margins.

A proven technology can be unknown to a particular supplier or user and therefore requirequalification if supplied or used by that party.

qualificationof technicalperformance

DNV GL’s contribution to the process between a supplier and a recipient to ensure thatsolutions can be depended on

This includes technology qualification to develop acceptance criteria and limits, and associateddocumentation requirements, when needed in an end to end perspective that includesverification of compliance and issuance of verification deliverables.

qualified technology technology for which an adequate set of acceptance criteria for the delivery and limits for usehave been defined to assure defined technical performance of solutions

solution tool, equipment, device or facility and its context of service

solution qualification substantiation that a solution conforms with an adequate set of acceptance criteria for deliveryand limits for use

statement offeasibility

technology qualification deliverable affirming that DNV GL considers the technology technicallyfeasible

system entity that interacts with other entities, i.e. other systems, including hardware, software,humans, and the physical world with its natural phenomena

task piece of work to be undertaken (for example to produce natural gas, transport oil, harvestwind energy or distribute power)

technically feasible that the main challenges have been identified and judged to be resolvable by use of soundengineering practices (about a technology at an early stage of development) so that thetechnology is suited for further development and qualification

Although a technology has been stated technically feasible, there are still activities necessaryto be performed in order to qualify the technology. Consequently, there will be a possibilitythat in practice it will not be feasible to establish acceptance criteria and limits for solutions,and associated requirements to verification of compliance.

technology way to provide function, by the application of methods, techniques, skills, equipment, tools,materials, or other, in a given context

technologyqualification

process of defining an adequate set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits for use, toassure defined technical performance of solutions

This definition, synonymous with the one stated in DNVGL-RP-A203, is used here to clarify thatthe acceptance criteria and limits defined in the technology qualification constitute the basis forverification of technical performance of solutions.

validatedrequirements

adequate set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits for use to assure definedperformance of solutions


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Term Definition

verificationdeliverable

statement of compliance (with respect to acceptance criteria or limits), or design verificationreport, or survey report, as applicable

1.4 Value creation

1.4.1 Premisses for qualification of technical performance

1.4.1.1 Wealth in society arises from performing tasks such as producing natural gas, harnessing windenergy or distributing electric power. These tasks are undertaken by putting equipment, devices and facilitiesto use.

1.4.1.2 To perform tasks and thus create value depends on the following premisses:

— Confidence by the supplier that the product or service will be accepted, or else the supplier will notundertake to develop and offer it to the market.

— Confidence by the recipient that the solution will work, or else the recipient will not rely on it whencommitting to undertake a task.

— Assurance that the task can and will be performed in a responsible manner without undue risks orenvironmental impact, or else the undertaking of the tasks will not be acceptable.

1.4.2 Objectives of qualification of technical performance

1.4.2.1 The objective of qualification of technical performance is to assure fulfilment of the above premissesfor customers who contribute to the performance of a task:

— Recipients who consider offerings of prospective suppliers and who integrate them into a system capableof performing the task. The recipient may delegate the role as system integrator to another party.

— Recipients who employ a network of suppliers, contractors and others to provide equipment, devices orfacilities.

— Recipients who employ a network of service providers, contractors and others to operate equipment,devices or facilities (these service providers are typically different from those supplying the initialdelivery).

— Developers of products or services for which they think there will be a future need.— Suppliers who offer a delivery to a recipient and want to demonstrate the capabilities (functions and

associated performance) that can be expected in use.

1.4.2.2 Qualification of technical performance enables progress by creating confidence in novel solutionsthat might not be completely covered by acceptance criteria and limits as given by existing standards andpractices, and by providing assurance for performing tasks in novel ways which those standards and practicesmight not fully cover.

1.4.2.3 Qualification of technical performance helps make explicit the contribution to value creation of eachparty in the network of suppliers and recipients, so that critical contributions to task performance can beidentified and assured.


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1.4.3 Building trust and confidence

1.4.3.1 Qualification of the technical performance of equipment, devices or facilities contributes to the trustand confidence in solutions that they are reliable in use by:

— Identification of relevant acceptance criteria and limits, and documentation requirements from existingstandards and practices.

— Filling the gaps for innovative solutions where existing standards and practices lack relevance orcompleteness by developing a tailored set of adequate acceptance criteria for delivery and limits tooperations, and documentation requirements for the particular case.

— Substantiation that solutions conform to those acceptance criteria and limits.— Issuance of verification deliverables to affirm this.

1.4.3.2 Verification can cover:

— That elements are designed properly and implemented with suitable manufacturing processes.— That solutions are integrated properly.— That adequate systematics are in place for safe and reliable operations.

1.4.3.3 The level of DNV GL involvement in qualification and verification should be differentiated according torisk. For example, if the risk is high, the level of involvement with basis in this service specification shall behigh. Conversely, if the risk is substantiated to be low, the level of involvement can be adapted accordingly.

1.4.4 Principles of qualification of technical performance

1.4.4.1 Technology qualification delivers an adequate set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits tooperations that qualify equipment, devices and facilities for designated service based on conformance withthose acceptance criteria and limits.

Guidance note:The term qualified technology can be used to say that an adequate set of acceptance criteria and limits, and documentationrequirements exist for the case at hand.

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A set of acceptance criteria and limits is considered adequate if it is determined to be relevant for theparticular case, and if it is substantiated that best endeavours have been made to assure completeness.

1.4.4.2 The technology qualification process validates relevant documentation requirements and acceptancecriteria and limits of existing DNV GL standards and other standards and practices, and adds tailoredacceptance criteria and limits for completeness. Requirements that are irrelevant for the case at hand are notincluded.

1.4.4.3 Qualification of technical performance delivers the requirements to documentation as describedherein. The validated adequacy of the resulting verification requirements brings trust and confidence to thosewho rely on the equipment, devices or facilities in service.

1.4.4.4 This document further describes how the qualified technical performance of equipment, devices orfacilities can be affirmed by DNV GL, following design verification and production survey and follow-up. Thisdocument further describes how DNV GL can affirm that the limits of designated service is adhered to whenin operation.

1.4.4.5 Technology qualification management facilitates the processes and transactions between suppliersand recipients by:


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— Creating trust and confidence throughout the network of suppliers and recipients by assuring thatvalidated requirements are defined, and available to be followed.

— Provision of documentation about function and performance as well as potential failures andconsequences.

— Clarification of roles and responsibilities in the network of suppliers and recipients.— Providing an independent, recognised framework for technology qualification to which the network of

suppliers and recipients can commit to.

1.4.5 The basis for qualification of technical performance

1.4.5.1 The starting point for qualification of technical performance is the qualification basis. Thequalification basis shall contain a clear statement of the basic claim that shall be substantiated by thequalification processes.

Guidance note:The basic claim could e.g. state that a piece of equipment, device or facility can operate safely, reliably and efficiently in itsdesignated service without undue impact on the environment. The basic claim can evolve as qualification progresses, e.g. forclarification when more precise knowledge is established, or by adjusting the ambition up or down (e.g. targeted reliability level)depending on the qualification efforts needed, or market situation.


1.4.5.2 A solution employed to perform a task might consist of interacting component systems as illustratedin Figure 1-1. The qualification principles herein can be applied to the integration of the resulting system andto each of the component systems. The interfaces between component systems define the requirements forqualifying each component system.

Figure 1-1 A system consisting of component systems; qualification of technical performance canbe applied to the total system and to the individual component systems

1.4.5.3 Individual technical component systems may be delivered and operated by different parties. Toensure successful task performance, roles and responsibilities in the network of suppliers and recipients shallbe clear.

1.4.5.4 A system integrator takes on that role to assure that the integrated system performs according tothe performance description.

1.4.5.5 The user is responsible for how the system is operated and for feeding service experience back intodevelopment so that further progress can be made.

1.4.5.6 The technology qualification process aims to substantiate the basic claim ([1.4.5.1]) withqualification documentation. Qualification documentation consists of evidence and argument to show that theresulting acceptance criteria and limits for the solution are adequate.


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1.4.5.7 Key inputs to technology qualification are:

— a system description – what it is that the qualification addresses; main system and component systems— a description of owner expectations including performance and designated service.

1.4.5.8 On this basis, key elements of independent qualification are to:

— Establish adequate acceptance criteria and limits for qualification of equipment, devices or facilities,assuring that the basic claim is valid throughout the service life.

— Demonstrate compliance with the adequate set of acceptance criteria and limits during planning, delivery,operations and cessation of use.

1.4.5.9 In support of this aim, DNV GL may issue statement of feasibility, endorsement of qualification planor statement of qualified technology in accordance with the provisions herein.

1.4.5.10 In order that a verification deliverable for equipment, devices or facilities may be issued by DNVGL, the basic claim ([1.4.5.1]) shall as a minimum cover the safety and environmental impact as required orimplied by government or international regulation.

1.4.5.11 In cases of inadequate government requirements or international regulations with respect to safetyand environmental impact, substantiation of best endeavours to assure the safety and the minimal impact onthe environment shall be substantiated in the technology qualification documentation.

1.4.5.12 The technical performance of equipment, devices and facilities may be verified according to thisservice specification.

1.4.6 Qualification of technical performance in the perspectives of owners,users and suppliers

1.4.6.1 Figure 1-2 illustrates the handovers that qualification of technical performance can help to assure.Qualification of technical performance can be applied to support decision-making in all these hand-overs.

Guidance note:The task to be performed by an end user in the operations phase could be to produce natural gas or to perform underwater work.The operations of suppliers consists in providing solutions for delivery to recipients. The task to be performed in a supplier’soperations is thus to deliver a solution to a recipient. The planning phase is the development and qualification of the technology.The delivery phase is the implementation in the supplier’s factory of the means to produce and deliver the solution in compliancewith set requirements for the qualified technology.


Figure 1-2 Major hand-overs that qualification of technical performance can help to assure,illustrated by phases (referencing the corresponding sections of this document)


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1.4.6.2 When a recipient considers delivery from a supplier, both parties to this transaction want the solutionto be qualified for its designated service. This gives rise to different perspectives on qualification:

— The supplier perspective considers delivery to a user with a performance description that defines what thedelivery is capable of doing and the limits that were assumed (the red circle in Figure 1-3).

— The owner and user perspectives consider the solution in task performance. In addition to the delivery,this perspective includes the users of the system, the task that is performed and interfaces to othersystems (or component systems) needed for task performance.

1.4.6.3 The user perspective changes when entering the operation phase:

— The planning and delivery phases focus on the planning, procurement, manufacture and integration of allthe component systems (from the left in Figure 1-3).

— The operations phase focuses on the use of the system to perform tasks (from the right in Figure 1-3).— The network of suppliers and recipients differ in these phases, as do the main concerns and interests of

the involved parties.

1.4.6.4 Qualification of technical performance supports all these perspectives. The handover to operations isa critical milestone towards successful task performance that qualification of technical performance helps toassure.

Figure 1-3 A transaction in the network of suppliers and recipients: supplier perspective (insideout) and recipient perspectives in the delivery phase (from the left) and the operations phase(from the right).

1.4.7 About this document

1.4.7.1 This document describes how DNV GL can assist the network of suppliers and recipients tosubstantiate that equipment, devices and facilities can be depended on.


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Guidance note:A complete list of service documents that are applied in connection with technology qualification, verification of compliance andclassification can be found at http://www.dnvgl.com/rules-standards/.


1.4.7.2 This document explains DNV GLs application of the intention and principles of DNVGL-RP-A203 fortechnology qualification, as the core of qualification of technical performance and as the basis for verificationof the finalised solutions.

1.4.7.3 This document applies to qualification of technical performance within all industries.

1.4.7.4 To provide for introducing solutions that are based on technologies which are not covered(completely) by relevant, pre-existing acceptance criteria and limits, this document describes the provisionsfor issuance in such cases of statement of feasibility, endorsement of qualification plan, statement of qualifiedtechnology as well as verification deliverables for equipment, devices and facilities and the appropriate useand condition management during operations.

1.4.7.5 For solutions covered completely by relevant, pre-existing acceptance criteria, limits and verificationrequirements, those pre-existing acceptance criteria, limits and verification requirements apply.

1.4.7.6 This document consists of five sections, this introductory section followed by a section covering apre-qualification phase, and one section covering each phase of a generic development project:

— Sec.1 (this section) describes the value proposition for qualification of technical performance, introducesthe premisses and principles, and provides definitions and references.

— Sec.2 describes general services offered by DNV GL in order to support choice of general concepts andother high-level, pre-development activities.

— Sec.3 describes services offered by DNV GL in the planning phase of projects, covering both the supplierand recipient perspectives. This includes services based on DNV GL’s basic technology qualification processwhich is further detailed in DNVGL-RP-A203.

— Sec.4 describes services offered by DNV GL in the delivery and operation phases.— Sec.5 covers the cessation phase.

1.5 References— DNVGL-RP-A203 Technology qualification— DNVGL-SE-0474 Risk based verification

http://www.dnvgl.com/rules-standards/


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SECTION 2 PRE-QUALIFICATION

2.1 GeneralProducts and services can be prequalified for a designated service type, with the aim of enhancingsubsequent concept selection and conceptual design for a particular project.DNV GL can assist establishing suitable prequalification requirements for a type of designated service.DNV GL can verify compliance of candidate product or service offerings with stated prequalificationrequirements.


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SECTION 3 THE PLANNING PHASE

3.1 Screening

3.1.1 Introduction

3.1.1.1 Prior to concept selection, products and service offerings may be screened for fulfilment of goals andhigher-level requirements or specifications.

3.1.2 DNV GL assistance

3.1.2.1 DNV GL can assist establishing screening criteria addressing:

— opportunities (performance gains, cost saving opportunities and efficiency gains)— obstacles (qualification effort remaining, lead time etc.)— risks (hazards and failures).

3.1.2.2 DNV GL can assist with assessing fulfilment of stated screening criteria and report the results.

3.1.2.3 DNV GL can provide advice on the further handling of screened solutions, e.g. regarding follow-upand whether technology qualification would be needed.

3.2 Concept selection

3.2.1 Introduction

3.2.1.1 Concepts can be matured to provide the functionality required for successful task performance bychoosing among existing products and services, by developing new solutions or by combining them.

3.2.2 DNV GL assistance

3.2.2.1 DNV GL can assist choosing candidates for evaluation, evaluate the candidates and report the resultsof the evaluation including recommendations and limitations.

3.2.2.2 To provide a solid basis for concept selection, DNV GL can assist with analysis of opportunities,obstacles and risks of candidates using methods such as function assessment, value analysis, hazardidentification and risk assessment.

3.2.2.3 DNV GL will not perform the actual concept selection. DNV GL will not in any way assumeresponsibility for or ownership to the selected solutions.

3.3 Technology qualification management

3.3.1 Validated requirements

3.3.1.1 If a solution exceeds the scopes of established rules, standards or practices or available, relevantoperational experience, it cannot be taken as fully covered by adequate acceptance criteria and limits. Forsuch solution to be qualified, an adequate set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits to operations shallfirst be established using technology qualification principles in accordance with DNVGL-RP-A203.


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Guidance note:Sub-section [3.3] is equivalent to the preceding service specification DNV-DSS-401 Technology Qualification Management.


3.3.1.2 An adequate set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits to operations are referred to asvalidated requirements for the solution.

3.3.1.3 DNV GL offers technology qualification services in an independent capacity where the technologyis challenged and assessed, and acceptance criteria and limits to maintain safety, performance, and otherrelevant characteristics are developed. This makes solutions ready for verification of compliance in thedelivery phase and in the operations phase.

3.3.1.4 This section describes the following services:

— Facilitation of the basic technology qualification process.— Performance of independent qualification activities such as tests and analyses.

3.3.2 Objective

3.3.2.1 The objective of this section is to describe how DNV GL can assist technology developers and userswith independent technology qualification management and assistance with basis in the recommendations ofDNVGL-RP-A203.

3.3.3 The basic technology qualification process

3.3.3.1 Technology qualification is an iterative and systematic process which is described in DNVGL-RP-A203with the following steps:

1) definition of qualification basis2) technology assessment3) threat assessment4) development of the qualification plan5) execution of the qualification plan (collect evidence, perform analyses and testing)6) performance assessment.


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Figure 3-1 Steps in the basic technology qualification process (from DNVGL-RP-A203) showingalso issuance of the DNV GL technology qualification deliverables described in [3.3.11].

3.3.3.2 The technology qualification process is iterative. Iterations are triggered by results and conclusionsmade during the qualification process.Consecutive performance of the basic process using preceding qualification results as input is referred to as atechnology qualification strategy.

3.3.3.3 Figure 3-2 illustrates a technology qualification strategy for defined technical solutions and wherethe designated service is evolved by successive technology qualification processes. Alternatively a technologyqualification strategy can be performed for a given designated service and use successive performance of thebasic technology qualification process to help develop and document the technical solution.


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Figure 3-2 Technology qualification stages in a strategic programme for entering to service oftechnology that is not qualified for its final designated service immediately.

3.3.4 Definition of qualification basis

3.3.4.1 The qualification basis provides a technology description, a draft performance description anddesignated service, and a draft manufacturing description including installation with basis in DNVGL-RP-A203Sec.6 and states the basic claim that the qualification aims to prove true.

3.3.4.2 The purpose of the qualification basis is to provide a common set of requirements against whichall qualification activities and decisions will be assessed. Through further qualification processes theserequirements are demonstrated to be fulfilled.

3.3.4.3 The qualification basis can either be compiled by DNV GL using inputs provided by the customer orwritten by the customer and verified by DNV GL.

3.3.4.4 DNV GL can provide information which the customer can use as basis for choosing solutions. DNVGL can also evaluate solutions and report the results of the evaluation, including recommendations orlimitations.

3.3.4.5 DNV GL will not perform the actual selection of solutions. DNV GL will not in any way assumeresponsibility for or ownership to the solutions described in the qualification basis.


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3.3.5 Technology assessment

3.3.5.1 The purpose of the technology assessment is to determine which technology elements are notcompletely covered by an existing set of adequate acceptance criteria and limits, and identify their keychallenges and uncertainties.

Guidance note:Elements that are not completely covered by an existing set of adequate acceptance criteria for delivery and limits to operationsare called novel elements.


3.3.5.2 The technology assessment includes:

— Description of the functions and performance of the system needed for it to perform its specified types oftasks.

— Identification of parameters that quantify the performance expectations to those functions.— Analysis of the structure of the technology (i.e. the composition and interaction between elements).— Categorisation of the technology elements distinguishing those that require technology qualification from

those where a set of acceptance criteria and limits has been validated already; and for the latter – providetraceable references to that set of acceptance criteria and limits.

— Identification of the main challenges and uncertainties to be addressed by the technology qualification inorder to prioritise efforts.

3.3.5.3 For complex systems (systems with many component systems and interfaces) the main challengesand uncertainties should be identified by carrying out a high level hazid (hazard identification).

Guidance note:A high level hazid is a means of obtaining a better understanding of a system at an early stage, and to identify which parts of thesystem that need to be further developed or documented in more detail, prior to the threat assessment.


3.3.5.4 The technology assessment may be carried out by DNV GL with participation by the customer andother stakeholders, or can be carried out by the customer and verified by DNV GL with basis in DNVGL-RP-A203 Sec.7.

3.3.6 Threat assessment

3.3.6.1 The objective of the threat assessment is to identify relevant failure modes with underlying causesand failure mechanisms for the technology, and to assess the associated risks.

3.3.6.2 The threat assessment is performed using methods described in DNVGL-RP-A203 Sec.8 and is usedas the basis for defining and prioritising the activities in the technology qualification plan.

3.3.6.3 The failure mode identification and risk assessment involve:

— General preparations including selection of threat assessment methods to be employed.— Determination of probability and consequence classes and defining the risk matrix when used.— Failure mode assessment involving relevant expertise.

3.3.6.4 Conservative estimates can be used where there is lack of evidence that support more accurateestimates of failure probabilities or failure margins. Assumptions shall be substantiated to be conservative.High consequence risks shall not be considered low. High-consequence and low-probability risks shall beaddressed by the qualification activities and not dismissed based on low probability.


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3.3.6.5 For complex systems or boundary conditions the threat assessment process can be carried out asworkshops, involving experts covering the necessary fields of competence and experience.

3.3.6.6 The report from the threat assessment contains a register of all identified risks and a summary ofthe uncertainties and critical parameters.

3.3.6.7 The failure mode identification will be planned, chaired and reported by DNV GL. In cases where DNVGL possesses sufficient knowledge and experience with similar technologies, the threat assessment may beperformed as a back-office exercise by DNV GL.

3.3.7 Modifications

3.3.7.1 The basic technology qualification process is iterative in nature. Consideration is given to designmodification to improve safety, performance, longevity, cost and ease of manufacture or operation, amongstother. User requirements may also be modified.

3.3.7.2 Modification shall be incorporated in the qualification basis.

3.3.7.3 DNV GL can provide inputs to the choice of modifications, evaluate their effects and report theresults of the evaluation including recommendations or limitations.

3.3.7.4 DNV GL will not perform the actual selection of modifications. DNV GL will not in any way assumeresponsibility for or ownership to modifications adopted or solutions described in the qualification basis.

3.3.7.5 Suchmodifications trigger full or partial iteration of the basic technology qualification process inorder for the requirements in the technology qualification basis to be fulfilled.

3.3.8 Development of the technology qualification plan

3.3.8.1 The purpose of technology qualification planning is to describe how qualification evidence will beprovided and to state a provisional set of acceptance criteria for delivery and limits to operations.

3.3.8.2 The plan shall be based on an assessment of identified risks.

3.3.8.3 For the risks determined not to be addressed by the technology qualification, reference to anexisting, validated set of acceptance criteria and limits shall be made.

3.3.8.4 The pieces of evidence to be provided in support of the basic claim ([1.4.5.1], [3.3.4.1]) areidentified. The qualification argument addresses both assurance of specified functionality and performance([3.3.5.2], 1st bullet) and mitigation of the failure modes in the risk register ([3.3.6.6]).

3.3.8.5 Suitable methods are identified for the provision of those pieces of evidence.

3.3.8.6 The qualification plan shall provide the information necessary to serve as a basis for:

— finalisation of the basic technology qualification process for the target qualification state— validation of the associated acceptance criteria for delivery— validation of the associated limits to operations— progressing the specified qualification states if a strategic technology qualification programme shall be

carried out— detailed description of qualification activities.


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3.3.8.7 The qualification plan explains the reasoning justifying the selected qualification activities by:

— Identifying the pieces of evidence they are intended to produce.— Tracing this evidence back to claims made of functionality and performance and the failure modes they

intend to mitigate and the required failure margins.— Entailing an unambiguous description of the acceptance criteria and limits to determine if the qualification

activities were successful in providing the required evidence.

3.3.8.8 Preparation of the qualification plan shall have adequate involvement of DNV GL for compliance withthis service specification.

3.3.8.9 Detailed descriptions of the qualification activities are subsequently developed at a procedural levelas required to carry out the activities and obtain satisfactory results:

— These detailed descriptions can be prepared by the customer or the customer’s subcontractor orsubcontracted to DNV GL.

— If prepared by the customer or the customer’s subcontractor they shall be verified by DNV GL to ensurethey are suitable for providing the evidence described in the qualification plan.

3.3.9 Provision of qualification evidence – execution of the qualification plan

3.3.9.1 The technology qualification plan is executed in order to provide qualification evidence.

3.3.9.2 The activities in the qualification plan can be performed by the customer or the customer’ssubcontractor or they can be subcontracted to DNV GL. This can include:

— formulation of assurance arguments— technical analyses and studies— laboratory testing or computer analyses— development of models for failure mechanisms— development of plans and specifications for analyses and testing to be carried out by DNV GL or others— risk and reliability analyses.

3.3.9.3 For the purpose of issuing a statement of qualified technology, DNV GL shall be sufficiently involvedin the qualification activities in order to determine whether:

— the activities have been performed according to the technology qualification plan and as detailed inprocedural descriptions

— the results are derived and reported correctly— unexpected results and modifications have been treated appropriately.

For activities not performed by DNV GL this can include surveys, witnessing and independent analyses andtests.

3.3.10 Performance assessment – confirming the acceptance criteria andlimits

3.3.10.1 The performance assessment reviews the available qualification documentation against thetechnology qualification basis and the acceptance criteria and limits formulated in the qualification plan.

3.3.10.2 A successful performance assessment implies that the technology qualification has beensuccessfully completed and hence that the basic claim is proven true for the cases covered by thequalification, i.e. as defined by the acceptance criteria for delivery and limits to operations.


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3.3.10.3 For the purpose of issuing DNV GL statement of qualified technology, DNV GL will review evidenceand arguments to assess whether the claims made have been adequately substantiated and whether thecritical failure modes identified in the threat assessment have been accounted for. Furthermore DNV GLwill review the evidence to confirm that it has been established and documented in accordance with theprovisions of DNVGL-RP-A203.

3.3.10.4 Following a successful performance assessment, acceptance criteria and limits are stated interms of critical parameters that, when complied with, imply that the qualification conclusion is valid. Thesevalidated requirements shall manage the critical parameters on which the technology qualification is based.

— In case the qualification addresses a particular instance, with clearly specified design and service, theacceptance criteria and limits shall state the values of the critical parameters that were covered by thequalification. This could be e.g. dimensions, geometry, material properties and service conditions.

— In case a range of instances are covered by the technology qualification, such as a range of dimensionsor performance ranges, the acceptance criteria and limits shall specify what combinations of the criticalparameters are covered by the qualification, so that the basic claim has been substantiated for all cases.Such acceptance criteria and limits may be formulated e.g. as mathematical equations, tables or designcurves in terms of critical parameters.

3.3.11 Technology qualification scheme

3.3.11.1 The following DNV GL technology qualification documents can be issued to affirm a positiveconclusion (Figure 3-1):

— statement of feasibility— endorsement of qualification plan— statement of qualified technology.

The basis, upon which technology qualification documents are issued, will be provided by DNV GL in separatereports.

3.3.11.2 When several basic qualification processes are performed as phases in a technology qualificationprogramme, then the final step of each phase is designated "attainment of qualification state (QS)".

Guidance note:The qualification state (milestone) that concludes each basic process should be defined by the qualification plan for that basicprocess.The consecutive basic processes can be seen in relation to typical phases in offshore field development projects, where informationfrom the technology qualification development is needed as basis for decisions (Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3).


3.3.11.3 The qualification states can refer to service conditions that are more restrictive than for the endgoal conditions (when the full qualification programme has been completed). This approach can be usefulto enable putting a solution to restricted service so that field experience can be captured and used asqualification evidence for subsequent technology qualification states. Reference is made to Figure 3-2.

3.3.11.4 When successive qualification states are defined by technology readiness levels (TRLs) asassociated with decision gates, the provisions of App.A should be observed.

3.3.11.5 A statement of feasibility can be issued to affirm that DNV GL considers the technology qualificationto be technically feasible on the following conditions (numbered according to Figure 3-1):

1) Following a technology assessment that has concluded that the main challenges have been identifiedand determined to be resolvable by use of sound engineering practice, and that the responsibilities ofinvolved parties have been adequately clarified.


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2) Or else after completion of a threat assessment concluding that potential failure causes and mechanismshave been identified and determined to be resolvable by use of sound engineering practice.

3) Or else after completion of key qualification activities substantiating that the identified challenges andpotential failures can be resolved by use of sound engineering practice.

Guidance note:There is an established practice within maritime classification to issue “approval in principle”. A Statement of feasibility may serveas input to an approval in principle.


3.3.11.6 An endorsement of qualification plan can be issued to affirm that DNV GL considers that:

1) all the missing evidence required to qualify the technology has been specified2) qualification activities have been defined that are suitable for providing the specified missing evidence3) the reasons why the specified evidence is considered sufficient are convincingly explainedSpecification of test procedures shall be activities in the technology qualification plan, where the testprocedures are subject to review by DNV GL during execution of the plan. Alternatively, procedures may besubmitted and reviewed as parts of the qualification plan.For complex qualifications, a phased approach is recommended in which case a high-level plan can beendorsed initially, followed by more detailed plans for each phase which are endorsed separately.

3.3.11.7 A statement of qualified technology can be issued to affirm that the technology qualification wassuccessful, and performed as specified in this document.

— The statement of qualified technology is issued to state that the technology has been qualified accordingto the principles of DNVGL-RP-A203 based on the performance requirements stated in the qualificationbasis.

— The statement of qualified technology refers to the acceptance criteria arising from the qualificationprocess and from reference standards and practices, that deliveries (products) will have to comply with inorder that the qualification conclusion is valid.

— The statement of qualified technology further refers to the limits of designated service arising from thequalification process and from reference standards and practices, that the use of the products will have tocomply with in order that the qualification conclusion remain valid.

3.3.11.8 On basis of the stated acceptance criteria, deliveries (products) based on the qualified technologycan be subjected to regular design verification and verification of compliance by DNV GL in accordance withSec.4.On basis of the stated limits, use of the products can be subjected to in-service follow-up verification by DNVGL in accordance with [4.5].

3.3.11.9 The basis for issuance of the statement of qualified technology includes:

1) All qualification documentation including pre-existing evidence claimed to support the qualification.2) Documentation that all the steps of the basic qualification process have been performed in accordance

with DNVGL-RP-A203 with DNV GL involvement according to [3.3].

3.3.11.10 A statement of qualified technology of product deliveries can then be issued if:

1) DNV GLs involvement in each step has been sufficient to ascertain that the qualification process has beenperformed in accordance with the provisions in [3.3].

2) The qualification activities have been performed in accordance with specifications.3) The results have been reviewed and found to be acceptable and meet the specified requirements.4) A valid set of acceptance criteria has been specified for product deliveries5) A valid set of limits of designated service has been specified for the use


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Statement of qualified technology is only applicable for complete product deliveries. Individual componentswithin product deliveries can be qualified separately; however, statement of qualified technology will not beissued.Methods such as design methods or manufacturing procedures can be validated separately, as parts of thecomplete technology qualification for delivery of products.

3.3.11.11 The statement of qualified technology is given a validity period of four (4) years.

3.3.11.12 Case specific requirements and details of the certification scheme arising from the qualificationprocess will be published by DNV GL on https://mydnvgl.com with reference to this service specification.They will be stated on the statement of qualified technology.

In order for the statement of qualified technology to remain valid, the customer shall feedback informationfrom service experience which might affect the qualification.

3.3.11.13 A statement of qualified technology can be renewed after 4 years. Then the information receivedabout the technology is evaluated against the qualification documentation and other applicable requirementsto re-validate the set of acceptance criteria and limits. The validity of reference standards will be evaluated.In those cases where the technology has been changed, the revised technology will have to be qualified.Existing evidence from previous qualification should be re-used to the extent possible.

3.3.12 Determination of scope of work

3.3.12.1 The extent of involvement by DNV GL in the various activities of the technology qualification mayvary depending on the complexity of the technology, the maturity of the concept and the customer’s needsfor assistance.

3.3.12.2 In order for DNV GL to provide services in line with the customer’s needs, good lines ofcommunication shall be established at start-up to ensure adequate DNV GL involvement.

3.3.12.3 If issuance of DNV GL technology qualification documents is requested then DNV GL shall besufficiently involved in accordance with the provisions of this section.

https://mydnvgl.com


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Figure 3-3 Example of technology qualification decisions incorporated into the projectdevelopment programme typical of an offshore field development or other large-scale industrialundertaking.

3.4 Qualification of the manufacturing process

3.4.1 General principles

3.4.1.1 The qualification aims to show that the manufacturing process delivers products that meet adequateacceptance criteria.

3.4.1.2 A manufacturing description provided by the manufacturer forms the input to this qualification.

3.4.1.3 A risk based assessment determines the critical issues in the manufacturing for the functions andperformance of the product.

3.4.2 Verification scheme

3.4.2.1 If a pre-existing manufacturing survey scheme addresses all the critical issues, then this scheme willbe used.

3.4.2.2 Otherwise, a bespoke survey scheme will be established by application of technology qualificationprinciples to the manufacturing process that adequately addresses all critical issues. It describes therequired DNV GL survey involvement in production and may include (not limited to) review of manufacturingprocedures, site surveys, system audits, test requirements to document as-produced quality, and trainingand/or certification of operating personnel.


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3.4.2.3 The qualification of the manufacturing process is based on adequate manufacturing acceptancecriteria including relevant manufacturing acceptance criteria from existing schemes and new ones arisingfrom technology qualification.

3.4.3 Results

3.4.3.1 This qualification concludes based on performance of the survey scheme and review of the surveyresults.

3.4.3.2 The conclusion of the manufacturing process qualification will be stated in a letter or report. Incase of a positive conclusion it can state that this described manufacturing process is suitable for producingthe designated product so that the acceptance criteria from reference standards and from technologyqualification can be met.


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SECTION 4 VERIFICATION OF TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE

4.1 Design verification and document review

4.1.1 Introduction

4.1.1.1 The purpose of the design verification and document review is to check a specific design forcompliance with adequate acceptance criteria for delivery.

4.1.1.2 The design verification and document review is based on qualification documentation in the form ofadequate acceptance criteria. This can include relevant acceptance criteria from reference standards and newacceptance criteria resulting from technology qualification. Key inputs are:

— design basis— qualification basis for and acceptance criteria from technology qualification— performance description— manufacturing description.

4.1.2 DNV GL scope

4.1.2.1 Verification can be performed in accordance with DNVGL-SE-0474 or relevant object-specific servicespecifications.

Guidance note:A complete list of service documents can be found at http://www.dnvgl.com/rules-standards/.


4.1.2.2 DNV GL can identify weaknesses in the design arising from the verification process and can provideinputs to the choice of modifications to mitigate these weaknesses, evaluate their effects and report theresults of the evaluation including options, recommendations or limitations.

4.1.2.3 The conclusion of the verification will be stated in a Verification Report.

4.1.2.4 DNV GL will not perform the actual selection or implementation of modifications. DNV GL will notin any way assume responsibility for or ownership to modifications adopted by the designer or of designsdescribed in the design basis.

4.2 Verification of products for delivery

4.2.1 Verification scheme for products

4.2.1.1 Product verification can follow a successful design verification and qualification of manufacturingprocess in order to assure the delivery of the product from a supplier to a recipient.

4.2.2 DNV GL scope

4.2.2.1 Existing verification schemes will be applied to the extent possible.

4.2.2.2 If technology qualification proves an existing scheme to be incomplete, completeness needs to beassured based on the following sub-sections and the deliverables from the technology qualification process.

http://www.dnvgl.com/rules-standards/


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4.2.2.3 A bespoke product verification scheme is established by application of technology qualificationprinciples to the manufacturing process that adequately addresses all critical issues of the manufacturingdescription and describes the involvement required by DNV GL during manufacturing of the equipment ordevice subject to product verification. It may include (not limited to) review of manufacturing procedures,site surveys, system audits, witnessing of critical manufacturing steps, witnessing of planned tests, review oftest results and verification of operator qualifications.

4.2.2.4 The inspection and test plan (ITP) shall describe the required DNV GL survey involvement andinvolvement in manufacturing steps of the item subject to verification. Product verification is dependent onthe ITP and survey involvement being accepted by DNV GL.

4.2.2.5 Following the completion of the verification scheme, the conclusions of the verification process aredocumented in a report.

4.2.2.6 In the event of a positive conclusion, a product verification deliverable may be issued in accordancewith the scheme on which the DNV GL involvement is based.

4.2.2.7 Inspection release notes will not be issued.

4.3 Verification of integration for delivery

4.3.1 Verification scheme for integration

4.3.1.1 The main objective is to assure a safe and orderly handover of the integrated system from thesupplier or contractor to the owner, assuring its operability in terms of performance, reliability, safety andinformation traceability, including sometimes an assisted operation phase. Inputs include:

— documentation of each component delivery including the applicable verification deliverables from DNV GL— system performance description— description of the designated service for the system.

4.3.1.2 The designated service is defined by the limits to application, operation and condition of the system,within which performance has been qualified.

4.3.1.3 What is critical in system integration and commissioning for the functions and performance of theequipment, device or facility shall be identified in the preceding technology qualification process, coveringassessment of the adequacy of verification of each component system for the particular case, and interfacesbetween component systems to assure that they will interact properly. The interface assessment shouldinclude:

— physical interfaces (contact, power, signal etc.)— organizational interfaces (roles and responsibilities, collaboration)— interfaces between organization and physical system (man-machine interfaces, training etc.).

4.3.2 DNV GL scope



4.3.2.3 A bespoke verification scheme is established by application of technology qualification principlesto the integration of the system that adequately addresses all critical issues. It describes the required DNVGL survey involvement in system integration and commissioning and may include (not limited to) review of


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integration assembly procedures, site surveys, system audits, tests of systems or subsystems, test trials andtraining and/or certification of operating personnel.

4.3.2.4 The verification concludes based on performance of the survey scheme and review of the surveyresults, with issuance of a verification deliverable referencing the applicable set of adequate acceptancecriteria from technology qualification or existing standards.

4.4 Re-verification

4.4.1 Introduction

4.4.1.1 If the premisses for original verification of deliveries change during operation, then the originalverification deliverables are rendered invalid.

— The changes in premisses can be due to degradation of or faults in the system, changes in the operationalenvironment or change of its designated purpose.

4.4.1.2 A re-verification process can demonstrate that continued operation can fulfil stated requirements.

4.4.2 Scope

4.4.2.1 Provided that the changes do not render invalid the set of acceptance criteria that was adequate withthe original premisses:

— Compliance with the acceptance criteria can be checked by a design verification and document review ofthe updated documents in accordance with [4.1].

— In case of non-compliance, the limits to operations may be modified or modifications made to the systemsuch that the resulting set of acceptance criteria and limits will be adequate for the case at hand.

4.4.2.2 If the changes render the acceptance criteria invalid (e.g. margin to some failure mode has degradedto an unacceptable level):

— The acceptance criteria can be adjusted to fit the new situation by performing technology qualification([3.3]).

— Then, compliance with the adjusted acceptance criteria can be determined through a design verificationand document review ([4.1]).

4.4.2.3 If the re-verification process shows compliance with adequate acceptance criteria, then new productor integration verification deliverables may be issued with the changes in premisses and requirements clearlystated.

4.5 Verification of designated service

4.5.1 Purpose

4.5.1.1 Equipment, devices or facilities which have been qualified for designated service need to be usedproperly and kept in adequate condition.

4.5.1.2 The purpose of verification of designated service is to show that the systematics in place formanaging the use and condition of the equipment, device or facility are adequate.


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4.5.2 Verification schemes for designated service



4.5.3 Documentation requirements

4.5.3.1 Proper use and maintenance of the system shall be described in terms of designated service toinclude:

— assumptions made in the qualification about the use of the system— the boundaries within which the system is qualified— required monitoring and recording of service data— inspection and maintenance plans.

4.5.4 Scope

4.5.4.1 Verification of designated service is performed in order to assure that adequate systematics are inplace for managing the:

— condition of the equipment, device or facility— operation of the equipment, device or facility— use of the equipment, device or facility.

4.5.5 Main principles

4.5.5.1 The description of designated service can be assessed by application of technology qualificationprinciples to check if it covers completely the failure modes of concern and is relevant for the solutions sothat limits to operations are adequate.

4.5.5.2 The scheme for verification of designated service stipulates the extent of verification and surveys tobe undertaken to demonstrate compliance with those limits.

4.5.5.3 DNV GL can identify weaknesses in the description of designated service, and can provide inputs tothe selection of modifications to mitigate these weaknesses, evaluate their effects and report the results ofthe evaluation including options, recommendations or limitations.

4.5.5.4 DNV GL will not perform the actual selection or implementation of such modifications. DNV GLwill not in any way assume responsibility for or ownership to the description of designated service ormodifications adopted or for the operations with the system.

4.5.5.5 It is the responsibility of the owner to ensure that the system is used properly and kept in adequatecondition.

4.5.6 Verification deliverables

4.5.6.1 The verification deliverable will be in the form of a statement of compliance. Design verificationreports and survey reports may also be issued, as applicable.


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4.5.6.2 Verification is based on performance of the survey scheme and verification that survey results showconformance with an adequate set of acceptance criteria or limits.

4.5.6.3 Upon successful completion of the verification scheme, the verification deliverable can be issued fordesignated service, with a period of validity not to exceed four years and commensurate with the system’slimits to operations and expected hazards and mechanisms of degradation that might occur. The key limits tooperations will be stated.

4.5.6.4 Case specific acceptance criteria and limits arising from a qualification process will be referenced onthe verification deliverables.

4.6 Renewal

4.6.1 General

4.6.1.1 The verification deliverable for designated service can be renewed following the successfulcompletion of a renewal survey scheme with checks of recorded evidence, inspection of critical items andreviews of inspection and maintenance records.

4.6.1.2 Depending on the outcome of the assessment, the limits to operations (operational boundaries andlimitations of use) stated on the verification deliverable may be adjusted.

4.6.1.3 Upon successful completion of the scheme, the verification deliverable for designated service will berenewed with an extended period of validity.

4.6.1.4 The period of validity may be adjusted if the results of the renewal assessment suggest so, howevernot to exceed four years.


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SECTION 5 CESSATION PHASE

5.1 Qualification and verification of decommissioningDecommissioning is a task that can be qualified and verified in accordance with Sec.1 to Sec.4.

5.2 RemovalRemoval is a task that can be qualified and verified in accordance with Sec.1 to Sec.4.

5.3 Recycling and disposalRecycling is a task that can be qualified and verified in accordance with Sec.1 to Sec.4.


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APPENDIX A USE OF TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS1) Practical use of technology readiness levels (TRLs), aiming to accelerate adoption of novel technologies,

has revealed difficulties due to vague and ambiguous definitions of the TRL levels, and that attainmentof TRL levels considers what has been accomplished in the past more than future obstacles and efforts.When the use of TRLs is mandated e.g. by company procedures, the following guidance might helpavoiding unintended assumption of risk by using TRLs.

2) Successive qualification states may be defined by TRLs associated with decision gates. Then the TRLdefinitions should be clarified in the qualification basis by defining case-specific acceptance criteriaand limits for attainment of targeted TRLs. These qualification states (relating to the TRLs) should beincluded in the qualification programme as milestones. When detailed plans are developed, such as testprocedures, TRL attainment should be formulated as an adequate set of acceptance criteria and limits.These detailed plans should be reviewed and accepted by all stakeholders prior to commencement ofqualification activities.

3) Gate decisions should, in addition to TRL attainment, be based on assessment of the technologyqualification plan for remaining activities towards finalised qualification, hence putting more weight onremaining work than completed work. This assessment should consider schedule and cost risks andaddress major uncertainties that have to be overcome to successfully complete the qualification.

4) The milestones in the qualification process may depend on whether the technology is regarded to be analternative to an available qualified technology (enhancing); or the feasibility of the development projectmay be dependent on a successful technology qualification (enabling).

5) The technology readiness level pertaining to a QS milestone can be confirmed in the technologyassessment of the next phase of the technology qualification programme and expressed in the associatedstatement of feasibility, or on the statement of qualified technology pertaining to the current, achievedqualification state.

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CHANGES – HISTORICThere are currently no historical changes for this document.

About DNV GLDriven by our purpose of safeguarding life, property and the environment, DNV GL enablesorganizations to advance the safety and sustainability of their business. We provide classification,technical assurance, software and independent expert advisory services to the maritime, oil & gasand energy industries. We also provide certification services to customers across a wide rangeof industries. Operating in more than 100 countries, our experts are dedicated to helping ourcustomers make the world safer, smarter and greener.

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