DNV 2 22 Lifting

STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATIONNo. 2.22

LIFTING APPLIANCES

OCTOBER 2008DET NORSKE VERITAS

FOREWORDDET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) is an autonomous and independent foundation with the objectives of safeguarding life, prop-erty and the environment, at sea and onshore. DNV undertakes classification, certification, and other verification and consultancyservices relating to quality of ships, offshore units and installations, and onshore industries worldwide, and carries out researchin relation to these functions.Standards for CertificationStandards for Certification (previously Certification Notes) are publications that contain principles, acceptance criteria and prac-tical information related to the Society's consideration of objects, personnel, organisations, services and operations. Standardsfor Certification also apply as the basis for the issue of certificates and/or declarations that may not necessarily be related to clas-sification.

A list of Standards for Certification is found in the latest edition of Pt.0 Ch.1 of the Rules for Classification of Ships and theRules for Classification of High Speed, Light Craft and Naval Surface Craft.The list of Standards for Certification is also included in the current Classification Services Publications issued by the Soci-ety, which is available on request. All publications may be ordered from the Societys Web site http://exchange.dnv.com.The Society reserves the exclusive right to interpret, decide equivalence or make exemptions to this Standard for Certification.Comments may be sent by e-mail to [email protected] information about DNV and the Society's services is found at the Web site http://www.dnv.com

Det Norske VeritasComputer Typesetting (FM+SGML) by Det Norske Veritas

If any person suffers loss or damage which is proved to have been caused by any negligent act or omission of Det Norske Veritas, then Det Norske Veritas shall pay compensation to such personfor his proved direct loss or damage. However, the compensation shall not exceed an amount equal to ten times the fee charged for the service in question, provided that the maximum compen-sation shall never exceed USD 2 million.In this provision "Det Norske Veritas" shall mean the Foundation Det Norske Veritas as well as all its subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents and any other acting on behalf of DetNorske Veritas.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 3Main changesThis Standard shall replace Rules for Certification of LiftingAppliances (January 2007 reprint of the 1994 issue) and willenter into force 15 November 2008.The main changes are:

Detailed explanation regarding scope and procedures aswell as necessary documentation/calculations to be sub-mitted for certification, have been added.

The important material section has been completely re-or-ganized and made shorter. The Classification of ShipRules, often referred to as the "ship rules", are referenced

to a great extent, carefully avoiding repetition of text andtables found therein.

The fatigue calculations necessary are now based on thepresently valid 1998 edition of the Inter-European CraneStandard (F.E.M), whereas the present "crane rules" arebased on the 1970 edition.

The requirements for system equipment and system safetyare completely new: More extensive, less prescriptive, andthus leave the designers with a choice of how they will ar-range the safety goals to be met.

Five new appendices, in addition to the present two, havebeen added to enhance information and support for the us-ers.DET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 4DET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 5CONTENTS

CH. 1 GENERAL .............................................................9

Sec. 1 General Information .......................................... 11A. Objectives and Principles ..................................................... 11A 100 Introduction.....................................................................11A 200 Hierarchy of documents ..................................................11A 300 Principles for application of requirements ......................11A 400 Deviation from the requirements ....................................11A 500 Conflicting codes ............................................................11A 600 Date of reference of applied codes..................................11A 700 Organization of this Standard for Certification...............11

B. Application ........................................................................... 11B 100 Application......................................................................11

C. Definitions, Abbreviations, Symbols and References .......... 12C 100 General ............................................................................12

D. Services................................................................................. 14D 100 Objectives........................................................................14D 200 Regulatory basis ..............................................................14D 300 Acceptance by National Authorities ...............................14

E. Parts, Systems and Features covered by the Standard for Certification .......................................................................... 15

E 100 General ............................................................................15E 200 Design examination.........................................................15E 300 Survey during fabrication and installation ......................15E 400 Testing and marking........................................................15E 500 Extension of scope of work.............................................15E 600 Safe means of access and personnel safety devices ........15E 700 Reduced scope of work ...................................................15

F. Type of Services ................................................................... 16F 100 Basic certification ...........................................................16F 200 Class covered cranes .......................................................16F 300 Assignments completed before installation ....................16F 400 Verifications....................................................................16F 500 Review in accordance with other standards ....................17F 600 Customers who may request certification and

verification ......................................................................17F 700 Written confirmation.......................................................17F 800 Certificate annotations ....................................................17

CH. 2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS..................... 19

Sec. 1 Documentation.................................................... 21A. Documentation and Information to be

Submitted.............................................................................. 21A 100 General ...........................................................................21A 200 Documentation ...............................................................21A 300 Specifications and information .......................................21A 400 Material grades and certificates ......................................21A 500 Components and accessories...........................................21

B. Calculations to be Included in the Documentation............... 23B 100 Necessary calculations ....................................................23

C. Design and Extreme Temperature ........................................ 23C 100 Design temperature .........................................................23C 200 Extreme low temperature ................................................23

D. Design Conditions (environmental, operational) for Machinery and Systems........................................................ 23

D 100 General ............................................................................23

Sec. 2 Materials and Fabrication ................................. 25A. General.................................................................................. 25A 100 Scope...............................................................................25A 200 Required documentation .................................................25A 300 Steel manufacturing process ...........................................25A 400 Material manufacture survey, certification and

testing procedures ...........................................................25A 500 Retesting..........................................................................25

B. Rolled Structural Steel for Welding ..................................... 25

B 200 Impact test temperatures .................................................26B 300 Testing.............................................................................26

C. Rolled Steel not for Welding ................................................26C 100 General ............................................................................26C 200 Bolts and nuts .................................................................26C 300 Rolled rings .....................................................................26C 400 Shafts and plates..............................................................26

D. Steel Forgings .......................................................................26D 100 General ...........................................................................26D 200 Forgings for general application .....................................27D 300 Forged shackles, cargo hooks, swivels,

sockets and chains...........................................................27D 400 Bolts and nuts..................................................................27D 500 Forged rings for slewing bearings...................................27

E. Steel Castings........................................................................29E 100 General ............................................................................29

F. Iron Castings.........................................................................29F 100 General ............................................................................29

G. Steel Tubes, Pipes and Fittings.............................................29G 100 General ............................................................................29

H. Aluminium Alloy Structures.................................................29H 100 General ............................................................................29

I. Steel Wire Ropes ..................................................................29I 100 General ............................................................................29I 200 Materials..........................................................................29I 300 Construction ....................................................................29I 400 Testing.............................................................................30

J. Crane Manufacturing and Construction................................30J 100 General ............................................................................30J 200 Welding procedure specifications...................................30J 300 Welding consumables .....................................................30J 400 Forming of materials.......................................................30J 500 Welding preparation........................................................31J 600 Welding performance......................................................31J 700 Repair of welds ...............................................................31J 800 Heat-treatment after forming and welding......................31J 900 Production weld tests ......................................................31J 1000 Inspection and testing of welds.......................................31J 1100 NDT-procedures and NDT-operators .............................32J 1200 Weld acceptance criteria .................................................32J 1300 Material protection against corrosion .............................32

Sec. 3 Structural Design and Strength of Cranes ...... 33A. Group Classification of Lifting Appliances..........................33A 100 General ............................................................................33A 200 Fatigue calculations of cranes and

components applicable to strength calculations..............33

B. Design Loads ........................................................................33B 100 General ...........................................................................33B 200 Principal loads.................................................................34B 300 Loads due to operational motions ...................................34B 400 Horizontal loads due to operational motions ..................35B 500 Loads due to motion of vessel on which

the crane is mounted .......................................................36B 600 Loads due to climatic effects ..........................................36B 700 Miscellaneous loads ........................................................36B 800 Loads for strength analysis of mechanisms ....................36

C. Cases of Loading ..................................................................37C 100 General ............................................................................37C 200 Case I: Crane working without wind ..............................37C 300 Case II: Crane working with wind ..................................37C 400 Case III: Crane subjected to exceptional loadings ..........37

D. Strength Calculations............................................................37D 100 General ............................................................................37D 200 Checking with respect to excessive yielding ..................37D 300 Checking with respect to buckling..................................38D 400 Checking with respect to fatigue.....................................38DET NORSKE VERITAS

B 100 General ............................................................................25 E. Design and Strength of Particular Components....................39

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 6E 100 General............................................................................ 39E 200 Buckling stability of jibs................................................. 39E 300 Slewing bearing for jib cranes ........................................ 39E 400 Flanges ............................................................................ 40E 500 Pedestal and pedestal adapter for jib cranes ................... 41

Sec. 4 Conventional Cargo Gear, Cargo Ramps and movable Cargo Decks.................................. 42

A. General..................................................................................42A 100 Definitions ...................................................................... 42A 200 Scope............................................................................... 42A 300 Classification .................................................................. 42A 400 Operational limitations ................................................... 42

B. Basic Requirements ..............................................................42B 100 Materials ........................................................................ 42B 200 Wire ropes....................................................................... 42B 300 Welding and workmanship ............................................. 42

C. Derrick Systems....................................................................42C 100 Rigging plan and force diagram...................................... 42C 200 Basic design assumptions ............................................... 42C 300 Allowable stresses........................................................... 42C 400 Union purchase arrangement .......................................... 43C 500 Stayed masts and derrick posts ....................................... 43C 600 Un-stayed masts and derrick posts.................................. 44C 700 Derrick booms................................................................. 44

D. Cargo Ramps and Movable Cargo Decks.............................45D 100 Structural strength........................................................... 45D 200 Mechanism and operational safety ................................. 45

Sec. 5 Machinery and Equipment ................................ 46A. Basic Requirement................................................................46A 100 Materials ......................................................................... 46A 200 Arrangement and general design of

components and equipment ............................................ 46A 300 Ventilation ...................................................................... 46A 400 Strength........................................................................... 46

B. Components ..........................................................................46B 100 Winches .......................................................................... 46B 200 Drums.............................................................................. 46B 300 Brakes ............................................................................. 47B 400 Steel wire rope with fittings and anchorages .................. 48B 500 Sheaves ........................................................................... 48B 600 Anti-breakdown device for slewing mechanism ............ 49B 700 Lifting gear, including loose gear and grabs................... 49B 800 Chains ............................................................................. 49B 900 Skids ............................................................................... 49

C. Power Systems......................................................................49C 100 Prime movers .................................................................. 49C 200 Power independency....................................................... 49

D. Electrical Installations, Equipment and Systems..................49D 100 General............................................................................ 49D 200 Plans and specifications .................................................. 50

E. Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Instrumentation, Automation and Wireless Remote Control Systems ................................50

E 100 Hydraulic systems........................................................... 50E 200 Testing ............................................................................ 51E 300 Pneumatic systems.......................................................... 51E 400 Control and monitoring systems ..................................... 51E 500 Wireless remote control systems .................................... 51

Sec. 6 Safety and Safety Equipment ............................ 53A. Safety ................................................................................... 53A 100 Operator's cabin .............................................................. 53A 200 Platforms, access gangways and operators cabins ........ 53A 300 Parking and precautions against wind loads ................... 53A 400 Protection and precautions against fire........................... 53A 500 Safety functions and equipment, offshore cranes ........... 53A 600 Safety functions and equipment for

ordinary shipboard cranes, industrial cranes and cargo decks/ramps........................................................... 57

Sec. 7 Testing and Test Certificates Marking............. 60A. Functional Testing of Completed Lifting Appliances ..........60A 100 General............................................................................ 60A 200 Prime movers and fluid power systems .......................... 60A 300 Governing and monitoring systems ................................ 60A 400 Electrical installations..................................................... 60A 500 Brakes ............................................................................. 60A 600 Safety equipment ............................................................ 60

B. Load Testing .........................................................................60B 100 General............................................................................ 60B 200 Test weights .................................................................... 60B 300 Test loads ........................................................................ 60B 400 Examination after testing................................................ 61B 500 Certificates ...................................................................... 61B 600 Procedure for load testing of a lifting appliance............. 61

C. Testing of Steel Wire Ropes .................................................62C 100 Cross reference ............................................................... 62C 200 Certificates ...................................................................... 62

D. Marking and Signboards.......................................................62D 100 General............................................................................ 62D 200 Derrick booms ................................................................ 62D 300 Cranes ............................................................................. 62D 400 Blocks ............................................................................. 62D 500 Slings and lifting tackles................................................. 62

App. A Wind Loads on Cranes....................................... 63A. Wind Load Calculation.........................................................63A 100 General............................................................................ 63A 200 Wind force on flat surfaces............................................. 63A 300 Wind force on bodies of flat surfaces ............................. 63A 400 Wind force on structural members ................................. 63A 500 Air velocity pressure....................................................... 64

App. B Marking of Single-sheave Blocks ...................... 65A. General..................................................................................65A 100 Method of marking the safe working load...................... 65

App. C Ship Mounted Cranes without Jib Support in Transit Condition ...................... 66

A. Example on Checking for Compliance with the Structural Strength Requirements of Sec.3.....................66

A 100 General............................................................................ 66A 200 Case of loading to be considered .................................... 66A 300 Calculation of vessel motion .......................................... 66A 400 Calculation of loading due to vessel motion................... 66A 500 Calculation of wind load................................................. 66A 600 Checking with respect to excessive yielding .................. 66A 700 Checking with respect to buckling ................................. 67A 800 Checking with respect to fatigue .................................... 67A 900 Considerations not included in DNVs approach ........... 67

App. D Examples on Requirements for Documentation for Acceptance of Works Certificates .............................................. 69

A. Winches* for Shipboard Cranes ...........................................69A 100 Case 1. Designed in accordance with applicable,

recognised standard ........................................................ 69

B. Winches* for Shipboard Cranes ...........................................69B 100 Case 2. Designed in accordance with

this Certification Standard .............................................. 69

C. Transmission gears for non-critical application ..................70C 100 Designed in accordance with this

Certification Standard or other recognised standard ...... 70

D. Hydraulic cylinders exempted from DNV certification .......70D 100 Conditions for use........................................................... 70

App. E Examination of Brackets, Skids and Monorails ............................................................. 71

A. Purpose .................................................................................71A 100 Questions related to specific lifting appliances and DET NORSKE VERITAS

A 700 Lifting of personnel ....................................................... 58 fundaments...................................................................... 71

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 7A 200 Brackets...........................................................................71A 300 Skids................................................................................71A 400 Monorails .......................................................................71A 500 Testing of standard brackets

(lifting lugs, pad eyes) ...................................................72

App. F Register and Certificate Forms ......................... 73A. List Forms............................................................................. 73A 100 General ............................................................................73A 200 Relevant forms ................................................................73

B. Sample Copies ...................................................................... 73

App. G Verification Guideline for Safety Functions.................................................. 82

A. Application, Scope and Objective ........................................82A 100 Application......................................................................82A 200 Verification .....................................................................82A 300 Scope...............................................................................82A 400 Objective .........................................................................82

B. Verification Procedure .........................................................82B 100 General ............................................................................82B 200 Explanation of the verification

templates elements ..........................................................83B 300 Verification sheet templates............................................83

C. Required Documentation and Information ...........................91C 100 Documentation ................................................................91DET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 8DET NORSKE VERITAS

STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATION OFLIFTING APPLIANCES

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL

CONTENTS PAGE

Sec. 1 General Information ................................................................................................................. 11DET NORSKE VERITASVeritasveien 1, NO-1322 Hvik, Norway Tel.: +47 67 57 99 00 Fax: +47 67 57 99 11

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.1 Sec.1 Page 11SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION

A. Objectives and PrinciplesA 100 Introduction101 This Standard for Certification provides criteria andguidance for certification and verification of the design, mate-rials, fabrication, installation, testing and commissioning oflifting appliances.

A 200 Hierarchy of documents201 The Standard for Certification consists of a three levelhierarchy of documents.

Chapter 1 General Provides principles and proceduresof DNV classification, certification, verification- and consultancy services.

Chapter 2 Technical Requirements Provides technicalprovisions and acceptance criteria as well as the technicalbasis for the services stated in Chapter 1.

Appendices. Provide proven technology and sound engi-neering practice as well as guidance for the higher leveldocuments mentioned in Chapter 1 and Chapter 2.

A 300 Principles for application of requirements301 The standard selected for the design of a lifting appli-ance should be applied consequently from concept designthrough the final construction, including major modifications.302 Requirements presented herein are minimum require-ments to be satisfied, but shall take into account available tech-nological and technical improvements at the time ofapplication for certification. Prescriptive requirements are notintended to inhibit application of practical improvements.303 The requirements of this Standard for Certification maybe supplemented with additional requirements where installa-tion of specific design or assessment shows that higher stand-ards are more appropriate.

A 400 Deviation from the requirements401 Without prejudice to 302, deviations from the require-ments of this Standard may only be substituted where shownto provide an equivalent or higher level of integrity or saferthan under this standard.402 At the Societys discretion it can accept equivalent solu-tions and exemptions from the requirements of this Standard.

A 500 Conflicting codes501 In case of conflict between requirements of this Stand-ard for Certification and a reference document, the require-ments of this certification standard shall prevail.

A 600 Date of reference of applied codes601 Where reference is made to codes other than DNV doc-uments, the valid revision shall be taken as the revision whichwas current at the date of issue of this Standard, unless other-wise noted.

A 700 Organization of this Standard for Certification701 It is a principal object of the certification standard to dis-tinguish clearly between:

information and description of services requirements.

Consequently, these two subjects are separated, and the Stand-

Chapter 1: General information, application, definitionsand references. Description of applicable services and re-lations to rules and regulation from institutions other thanDNV.

Chapter 2: Requirements and technical provisions. Appendices (included in Ch.2).

B. ApplicationB 100 Application101 The Standard for Certification applies to:

shipboard cranes conventional cargo gear derrick systems and other lifting

appliances (cargo ramps and movable decks) onboard aship or other floating vessel

offshore cranes industrial cranes various types of lifting gear.

102 The application as listed in 101 is to be understood asfollows:

a) Shipboard cranes and conventional cargo gear derricksare:

Lifting appliances onboard ships and offshore unitsintended for cargo handling in harbours, sheltered wa-ters, within the deck area or below deck (e.g. engineroom cranes).

Lifting appliances on non-buoyant offshore installa-tions, for cargo handling within the deck area.Guidance note:Hose handling cranes intended for operation outside thedeck area in open sea may normally be categorized as ship-board cranes. However, based on special consideration acategorization as offshore crane may be required.

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b) Offshore cranes are:

Lifting appliances on offshore installations and shipsintended for loading and discharging of offshore sup-ply vessels, barges etc., or from the sea or seabed.

Lifting appliances based on a bulk carrier or barge lift-ing from another bulk carrier or barge at open sea.Guidance note:The information in the requirements in Ch.2 Sec.1 B104 dis-tinguishes between lifts from vessels and lifts from the sea/seabed.


c) Industrial cranes are:

Lifting appliances onshore or offshore and not be-longing to the categories mentioned in a) or b) above.

103 The Standard also applies to mobile cranes, i.e. cranethat are transported by vehicle or other means from one loca-tion to another, and cranes that can move long distances byroad by means of their own machinery and wheel arrangement.In the latter case the moving machinery and its arrangement aswell as the overturning stability of the mobile crane are notcovered by the certification.DET NORSKE VERITAS

ard for Certification is divided into three parts: 104 The Standard does not apply to cable cranes, personnel

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 12 Ch.1 Sec.1lifts (elevators), jacks, overhead drilling equipment, fork lifts,portable hoisting gear etc. 105 Personnel lifting with cranes otherwise designed for lift-ing of loads/cargo may be covered upon agreement.106 Lifting appliances rated to a safe working load of lessthan 10 kN will be especially considered.

C. Definitions, Abbreviations, Symbols and References

C 100 General101 Active cable tensioning system (ACT) System keeping the tension of the hoisting wire to a given setpoint value.

Guidance note:A supply of external energy is required.


102 Active heave compensation system (AHC) System that maintains the position of the load to a given setpoint value.

Guidance note:A supply of external energy is required.


103 Actual hook loadThe static weight of the load attached to the hook; includes theuseful load lifted plus any loose gear used, such as slings, lift-ing beams, etc.104 Additional Equipment and System Notation Code used by the classification societies to confirm that a ves-sel possesses certain systems, equipment or features coveredby the classification. (Examples are HELDK, CRANE, E0and F-AMC).

Guidance note:E0 means that the vessel complies with requirements for havingunattended machinery space and F-AMC means that the vesselcomplies with requirements for additional fire protection, in thiscase both for Accommodation, Machinery space and Cargospace.


105 Additional Service and Type NotationCode used by the classification societies to define a type ofvessel related to its most typical service. (Tanker for Oil, Pas-senger Vessel and Crane Vessel are typical examples).106 Automatic overload protection system (AOPS) A system that automatically safeguards and protects the craneagainst overload and over-moment during operation by al-lowing the hook to be pulled away from the crane in order toavoid significant damage.107 Certificate of Conformity A document attesting that a product or service is in conformitywith specific standards or technical specifications. (ISO Cer-tification - Principles and practice., 1980). 108 Competent Person/Body Person or body possessing knowledge and experience requiredfor performing thorough examination and test of lifting appli-ances and loose gear, and who is acceptable to the competentauthority. 109 Crane stiffness

sary to obtain a unit deflection at the hook level.110 Customer Signifies the party who has requested the Societys service.111 Dead loadsAll the loads of constant magnitude and position that act per-manently on the structure or member and that are not subjectedto inertia forces. The working load is not included in the deadload.112 DesignerSignifies a party who creates documentation submitted to theSociety for approval or information.113 Design approval Verifying that a design, represented by a drawing or set ofdrawings, is found to comply with all requirement of a speci-fied standard or regulation.

Guidance note:Only drawings are subject for design approval. Descriptions,specifications, calculations, etc. are not considered for approval.


Guidance note:In DNVs business procedures design approvals are valid for oneorder only. One order, however, may include a specified numberof units for specified locations/vessels.


114 Design approval letter Written confirmation of a design approval.115 Design Assessment for Type ApprovalExamination and acceptance of a design for Type Approval.The Type Approval will be assigned first after a prototype testalso has been successfully carried out.116 Design dynamic factorThe dynamic factor applied to the working load for a specificSWL

Guidance note:For an offshore crane the design dynamic factor is normally re-ferred to the still water condition for determining the SWL at stillwater. The design dynamic factor may, however, be defined alsoto refer to a specified significant wave height.


117 Design Verification Report (DVR) Formalized report confirming the result of a completed verifi-cation assignment. 118 Dynamic factorAlso named dynamic coefficient. A variable factor represent-ing the dynamic effects that the working load is exposed to.119 Dynamic loadThe working load when subjected to (multiplied with) a dy-namic factor.120 Dynamic load chart Diagram or table showing rated capacity depending on seastate and on radius or boom angle.121 Heavy lift craneCrane with SWL above 200 tons.122 Inertia forcesThe forces induced by change of velocity.123 Inspection Release Note (IRN) Report confirming survey work/results of a provisional phaseDET NORSKE VERITAS

Coefficient defined as the weight attached to the hook neces- completed. Often used for a component partially completed by

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.1 Sec.1 Page 13one manufacturer before it is sent for completion by another.Classification Societies will normally use a Survey Report, butIRNs are sometimes preferred, for example by the offshore in-dustry.124 Lifting appliance Machine or appliance used for the purpose of lifting goods andmaterials, or in special modes, personnel.125 Lifting accessoriesAs for lifting gear, see below.126 Lifting equipmentGeneral expression including lifting appliances, lifting gear,loose gear and other lifting attachments; used separately or incombination. 127 Lifting gearLoad carrying accessories used in combination with a liftingappliance, however, that are not necessarily a part of the per-manent arrangement of the lifting appliance, such as:

attachment rings, shackles, swivels, balls, pins sheaves, hook-blocks, hooks, load cells loose gear.

Guidance note:Lifting gear, considered as separate components, shall be de-signed and tested in accordance with the provisions for loosegear.


128 Load chart Diagram or table showing rated capacity depending on radiusor boom angle.129 Loose gearLoose gear are equipment used to attach the useful load to thehook, such as slings, nets, baskets, chains, links, rings, shack-les, lifting beams and frames, spreaders, grabs, loading pallets,skids, etc., but which do not form a part of the useful load,which is normally not permanently attached to the hook, andwhich may be stored separately from the crane.130 Man riding winchDevice specially designed for hoisting/lowering of a person.131 Manual overload protection system (MOPS)System, activated by the crane operator, protecting the craneagainst overload and over-moment by reducing the load-car-rying capacity and allowing the hook to be pulled away fromthe crane.132 Mean time to failure (MTTF)The mean value of service time until failure occurs.133 Overload Load which exceeds the Safe Working Load (SWL).134 Over-moment Load moment which exceeds the maximum load moment(Safe Working Load (SWL) multiplied by radius).135 Passive cable tensioning system (PCT) System keeping the tension of the hoisting wire between pre-defined limits, using stored energy.136 Passive heave compensation system (PHC)System that maintains the position of the load between prede-fined limits, using stored energy.137 Probability of failure on demand (PFD)Probability of failure on demand.

Document issued under the rules of a certification system, in-dicating adequate confidence is provided that a duly identifiedproduct is in conformity with a specified standard or normativedocument.139 Product Certificate (DNVs)Det Norske Veritas Product Certificate is a document signedby a surveyor of the Society stating:

conformity with rule or certification standard require-ments

that tests are carried out on the certified product itself that tests are made on samples taken from the certified

product itself that tests are performed in presence of the surveyor or in

accordance with special agreements.

140 Purchaser Company or person who orders the lifting equipment from amanufacturer. This standard does not necessarily require thatthe purchaser will need to have any direct relationship to orcommunication with DNV.141 Rated capacityActual hook load that the crane is designed to lift for a givenoperating condition (e.g. boom configuration, reeving arrange-ment, offlead/sidelead, heel/trim, radius, wave height, etc.)142 Recognised manufacturerA manufacturer that DNVs local survey station accepts ascompetent to produce the product in question. If found neces-sary, DNVs local survey station may initiate investigation re-garding the manufacturers competence and quality controlregime.143 RiskCombination of the probability of occurrence (frequency) ofharm and the severity (consequence) of the harm.144 Risk control measure (RCM)A means of controlling a single element of risk; typically, riskcontrol is achieved by reducing either the consequence or thefrequencies.145 Running rigging Wire ropes passing over rope sheaves of guide rollers, orwound on winches, irrespective of whether or not the ropes aremoved under load.146 Reference SWLA theoretically increased SWL used for determining of over-load for load tests. Used when the design dynamic factor (seeabove) exceeds 1.33. (See Ch.2 Sec.7 B301).147 Safe Working Load (SWL) Also called rated load or rated capacity. The actual hook loadpermitted for a given operating condition (e.g. configuration,position of load).148 Significant wave height Hsign Average height of the highest one third of the individual waveheights in a short-term constant seastate, typically 3 hours.149 Standing rigging Ropes that are not turned round or wound on to winches (e.g.guided wires, pendants, stays).150 Subsea cranesCranes intended for handling submerged loads.151 Type Approval Approval of conformity with specified requirements on the ba-sis of systematic examination of one or more specimens of aDET NORSKE VERITAS

138 Product Certificate (general) product representative of the production.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 14 Ch.1 Sec.1152 VerificationA service that signifies a confirmation through the provision ofobjective evidence (analysis, observation, measurement, test,records or other evidence) that specified requirements havebeen met. See also the Note in the introduction to F400. 153 Working load (suspended load)The static weight of the useful load lifted, plus the weight ofthe lifting gear. The working load is subjected to inertia forces.

D. ServicesD 100 Objectives101 The objective is to present an overview of possible com-binations of the different services offered. Furthermore, vari-ous alternatives are described for DNV confirmation of thevarious services. See also Table D1.102 The purpose of the objectives in 101 is to enable the gen-eral objectives to be met as described in A200. 103 Documentation of Services are shown in Fig.1

Figure 1 Documentation of Services

Alternatives for documentation that may be issued to Custom-ers depending on type and combination of services requested.

D 200 Regulatory basis201 The Standard for Certification is based on DNVs under-standing and interpretation of the ILO Convention No.152 of1979.

D 300 Acceptance by National Authorities301 A number of bodies, such as Port Authorities, Maritime

Health and Safety Authorities require that lifting appliancesand loose gear shall be certified. Normally, DNVs certifica-tion in accordance with this certification standard will satisfythe authorities requirements.302 In cases where requirements laid down by the pertinentbody exceeds the DNV requirements described in Ch.2, DNVmay, as a voluntary service, include the additional require-ments in the examination and confirm whether or not they arefound to be fulfilled 303 The conditions for review in accordance with other bod-

SERVICESrequested

DOCUMENTS that may be issued

DESIGN EXAMINATION

Design Approval Letter

Design Verification

Report

TESTS at the

MANUFACTURER(Optional)

SURVEYOF

INSTALLATIONAT

FINAL LOCATION

FINALTESTS

ManufacturingSurvey Report

Certificate ofConformity

or if loose gearDNV Product Certificate

Type CG3

orSurvey Report

confirmingDesign Approval,

Manufacturing Survey and Tests

DNVProduct Certificate

Type CG2 for Lifting Installations

(complies with ILO)Mandatory if class

coverage is requested

MANUFACTURINGSURVEY

Manufacturing Survey ReportDET NORSKE VERITAS

Authorities, Shelf Authorities and Municipal or Governmental ies requirements are as set out in F500.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.1 Sec.1 Page 15E. Parts, Systems and Features covered by the Standard for Certification

E 100 General101 The following parts, components and systems are cov-ered by the Standard of Certification:

all load-carrying structural members and components ofthe lifting appliance

cargo hooks, chains, rings, blocks, sheaves, shackles, lift-ing beams, swivels and ropes

structural integrity of grabs, hydraulic dampers or otherload transferring components

rope drums slewing bearing including fasteners power systems (for hoisting, derricking, slewing and trav-

elling) brakes and braking systems safety equipment protection against fire seating and fasteners for prime movers, winches and for

bearings of power transmitting components instrumentation and automation electrical installation, see Ch.2 Sec.5.

102 The following activities are covered by the Standard forCertification:

design examination survey during fabrication and installation witness testing and marking.

E 200 Design examination201 Load-carrying and other important components of a lift-ing appliance are subject to design examination with respect tostrength and suitability for its purpose. A design approval isgranted when the design examination has been concludedwithout detection of non-compliances.The design examination may be substituted, partly or com-pletely, by enhanced manufacturing survey and/or testing. Incases where the substitutions are applied for by the Customer,agreements shall be made between the Customer and the Soci-ety regarding possible reductions of documentation to be sub-mitted for approval/information.Upon special agreement, the design examination may be sub-stituted by a strength evaluation based upon testing until fail-ure.Strength examination of components related to power supplyand safety equipment is normally not carried out by the Socie-ty.

Guidance note:The Societys splitting of the certification process in the sequenc-es design approval, manufacturing survey (including installationsurvey) and testing, shall be considered as a part of the Societysinternal scheme to organize its work. The Societys reports covering the separate phases is consideredinternal documents, and information enabling the progress of thecertification project.The Societys formal documentation of the certification to theCustomer will be the product certificate CG2 issued upon com-pletion of the project.An exemption to this principle is the below described Design As-sessment for Type Approval, which is a document completed for,and which will be delivered to, the Customer who has ordered theType Approval.


202 Each lifting appliance is normally given a separate de-

203 The design approval may be obtained either on a case-by-case basis or as a general approval, Type Approval.The Type Approval means that the design as approved can beapplied for identical units to be fabricated, i.e. requested docu-ments need not be submitted for each unit.The Type Approval will be based on certain conditions and itsperiod of validity will be limited.Reference is made to DNV Certification Note No. 1.2 TypeApproval December 1996 or later issue.

E 300 Survey during fabrication and installation301 Normally, a survey during manufacture of each separatelifting appliance shall be carried out by the Society's surveyorin order to ascertain compliance with the approved drawings,other requirements of this certification standard as well as gen-eral good workmanship.302 As an alternative to survey during manufacture of eachseparate lifting appliance, modified survey procedures and sur-vey arrangements may be accepted provided the manufactureroperates a quality-assurance system approved and certified bythe Society.303 After a lifting appliance has been installed on its perma-nent foundation, and before testing can take place, it is to besubjected to a survey by a surveyor of the Society.

E 400 Testing and marking401 Components and each completed lifting appliance shallbe subjected to functional testing and load-testing as specifiedin Ch.2 Sec.7.

E 500 Extension of scope of work501 Upon request from the Customer, the scope of work maybe extended beyond the subjects and aspects covered in thiscertification standard.502 Extensions shall be agreed in writing. DNV may, iffound necessary, require that the Customer presents referencedocuments for the extended scope of work, such as authorityregulations, norms and standards.503 In case of disputes regarding interpretations of require-ments on which extended work is based, the Customer mustcontact the publisher/owner of the requirements and obtaintheir written interpretation.If the publisher/owner is not willing to interpret the disputedrequirement, or an interpretation for other reasons cannot beacquired, the respective extension of the scope of work must beomitted.

E 600 Safe means of access and personnel safety devices601 Personnel safety protection devices such as guard rails,shielding, safety of ladders, etc. are not covered by this certifi-cation standard and the scope of work. If the Customer re-quests that such aspects shall be covered, the provisions set outin E 700 shall be followed.

E 700 Reduced scope of work701 Upon request from and agreement with the Customer,parts of the scope of work, components, systems or specific as-pects or requirements may be excluded from the scope of workspecified in the certification standard. This will be annotated inthe documentary evidence of the completed assignment (certif-icate).702 DNV will not agree to limit the scope of work or parts ofthe suggested services if they are of the opinion that this maylead to hazards or unacceptable lowering of the safety stand-DET NORSKE VERITAS

sign approval. ard.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 16 Ch.1 Sec.1F. Type of ServicesF 100 Basic certification101 The basic requirements presented in Ch.2 are consideredto cover the requirements of the ILO Convention No.152 of1979 specified in D201. Lifting appliance and loose gear foundto comply with these basic requirements are qualified for DNVproduct certification, whereupon the product certificate maybe issued, and the Cargo Gear Register (CG1 if published bythe Society) may be endorsed.102 The basic requirement covers the three basic types ofcranes a), b) and c) defined in B102 as well as loose gear com-ponents allocated the same types of cranes, as well as person-nel lifting as denoted in B105.103 Some details of the basic requirements in Ch.2 are dif-ferent for the different types of cranes a), b) and c). Further-more, some specific requirements are stated for cranes alsoused for personnel lifting.

F 200 Class covered cranes201 On a voluntary basis, cranes installed onboard DNVclassed vessels and offshore installations may be included inthe class. In such cases the vessel/ offshore installation will beassigned the Additional Equipment and System NotationCRANE. In order to obtain this notation at least one of the cranes on-board must have been certified in accordance with the basic re-quirements of Ch.2 as well as having been assigned the productcertificate CG2.202 Vessels, barges and offshore installations whose mainpurpose is to support a crane, may be assigned the voluntaryAdditional Service and Type Notation Crane Vessel if thecrane has been certified in accordance with the basic require-ments of Ch.2 and as well as having been assigned the productcertificate CG2.

Guidance note:DNV classed crane units fulfilling the requirements as specifiedin 202 will get the combined class notation:1A1 Crane Vessel.DNV classed crane vessels or crane barges where the crane (ma-jor crane) has not been subjected to DNV certification will havethe Main Character of Class 1A1.For further information regarding e.g. the difference between thenotations 1A1, see DNVs Rules for Ships Pt.1 Ch.2 .In addition to the requirements specified in Ch.2 for cranes to becertified by DNV, vessels or offshore units having cranes in-stalled will be subjected to a number of obligatory class require-ments. These requirements apply independently of whether ornot the cranes are certified by DNV and whether or not they areincluded in the class. They cover such topics as deck support,foundations (pedestals), boom rests (cradles), electrical and hy-draulic power supply, earthing as well as trim, stability and bal-lasting conditioned by the cranes or their lifting operations.


203 Some of the requirements in this certification standardhave been extended with additional detail requirements forcranes to be covered by classification.

F 300 Assignments completed before installation301 Assignments completed at the manufacturers premisescan be agreed. Such services are normally to be completedwith monitoring of tests at the manufacturer, (FAT-tests). Ap-plicable reports or certificates may be issued. See also 302.302 The reason for, or purpose of, such assignments may e.g.be:

Completed certification of loose gear or components.

completion of the tests. Provisional certification after FAT-test. For instance, if fi-

nal destination is not decided, or if the manufacturer isproducing for stock. Or the Customer has requested FAT-tests and a documentary confirmation of the Societysservice rendered until a certain point. A ManufacturingSurvey Report, Certificate of Conformity or Inspection Re-lease Note (often preferred in the offshore industry) maybe assigned.

See also Fig.1.

F 400 VerificationsGuidance note:Verification constitutes a systematic and independent examina-tion of the product itself or its design and/or manufacturing to de-termine whether it is in compliance with some or all of thespecifications. Verification activities are expected to identify er-rors or failures in the work and to contribute to reducing the risksto the operation of the product and to the health and safety of per-sonnel associated with it or in its vicinity or other unwanted sit-uations.Verification shall be complementary to routine design, construc-tion and operations activities and not a substitute for the work,and the assurance of that work, carried out by the Customer andits contractors, it is inevitable that verification will duplicatesome work that has been carried out previously by other partiesinvolved. The Societys verification may be based on risk evaluation. Thisis founded on the premise that the risk of failure can be assessedin relation to a level that is acceptable and that the verificationprocess can be used to manage that risk. The verification processis therefore a tool to maintain the risk below the acceptance limit.Verification based on risk aims to be developed and implementedin such a way as to minimise additional work, and cost, but tomaximise its effectiveness. Societys verification level will bechosen based on experience combined with engineering judge-ment and the findings from the examination of documents andproduction activities.


401 The Society may upon request carry out specified exam-ination or combination of separate services referring to the re-quirements in Ch.2 or the related standards and servicesdescribed in D and E and in this item.402 The depth, thoroughness and completeness of the exam-inations must be agreed upon for each specific verification as-signment, and shall be ambiguously described in the contractand in the documentation of the verification service.

Guidance note:The Society is flexible in agreeing on type of documentation ofverification services performed. Normally, the Societys propos-al will be to issue a verification report. For instance, for a com-pleted design examination the Society will suggest issuance of aDesign Verification Report. The Society endeavours to find the best solution for issuance ofrequired verification documentation.


403 Whereas the scope, standards and acceptance criteria fora certification or classification assignment is laid down by theSociety, the scope, standards and acceptance criteria formingthe basis for a verification assignment may, if requested, beadapted to the needs and desires of the Customer. However, theSociety will decline to carry out a commission that may beused, intentionally or unintentionally, to mislead a third partywith regard to the safety of the object. 404 A verification report may be edited in accordance withthe Customers needs and requests. The Society is, however,not prepared to omit non-conformances or other negative ob-DET NORSKE VERITAS

DNV will normally issue the product certificate CG3 after servations or results detected during the examinations.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.1 Sec.1 Page 17F 500 Review in accordance with other standards501 Upon request, additional requirements, other thanDNVs own laid down in Ch.2, may be included in the exami-nation work.Examples on additional standards that have been found appli-cable are:

EN13852 Offshore Cranes EU Machinery Directive EU Machinery Directive Annex 4 NPD API 2C.

Applicable combinations of certification/verification assign-ments and review of additional requirements are illustrated inTable F1.502 It is emphasized that the comparisons are based uponDNVs understanding and interpretation of the additional re-quirements.In cases where DNVs interpretation is questioned or it givesrise to conflicts between involved parties or for other reasonsare considered inappropriate, DNV may refuse to carry out thework based on DNVs own interpretation of the additional re-quirements. In such cases, the Customer must obtain writteninterpretation from the legislators/standard publishers.503 Commissions such as described in D302 and F 501 willnormally be limited to the topics and aspects covered in theDNV requirements in Ch.2. Upon request, however, the com-missions may be extended to cover also additional topics.Such extensions and amendments of scope of work shall be re-flected in written agreements.504 If it has been agreed to include additional requirementsin the certification work and the additional requirement is notcomplied with, this shall be reported to the Customer in writ-ing.505 Covering of additional requirements may be limited to;design examination, manufacturing survey, installation surveyand testing, or to any combinations of these phases.506 The measures applied to demonstrate compliance withthe additional requirements dealt with in D302 and F501 shallbe documented by the Customer.

F 600 Customers who may request certification and verification601 Certification may be requested by:

manufacturer of a complete lifting appliance manufacturer of components or loose gear owner/user of a lifting appliance owner of a ship, mobile offshore unit or offshore installa-

tion, etc. shipyard or offshore installation fabrication site, etc.

602 Verification services may be requested by persons/bod-ies/institutions/companies possessing legitimate access to thedocumentation forming the basis for the requested verification.

603 Request for certification and verification shall be madein writing as specified in F700.

F 700 Written confirmation701 Before a certification or verification assignment is com-menced, at least following shall be confirmed in writing:

Which of the type a), b), or c) in accordance with B102 thelifting appliance or lifting gear belongs to. For type b) itmust also be specified whether the crane is to lift loadsfrom decks of other vessels or only from the sea/seabed.

Whether the assignment shall be amended to cover re-quirements for lifting of personnel.

Whether the assignment shall be amended to cover also re-quirements to qualify the lifting appliance for additionalclass notations CRANE or Crane Vessel.

Whether the assignment shall be amended to cover any ofthe additional requirements listed in D302 or F501.

F 800 Certificate annotations801 Unless otherwise requested by the Customer, compli-ance with the requirements pertaining to the additional require-ments review as described in D302 or F501 shall be confirmedin writing in the relevant documents.Applicable combinations of DNV certification and verificationand additional standards assumed especially relevant.

Table F1 Modular Service SchemeLoose gear

Industrialcranes Shipboard cranes

Offshore cranes lifting from sea or from seabed

Offshore cranes lifting from other vessel

Basic certification(ILO) X X X X X

Certification extended to cover class(CRANE or Crane Vessel)

X X X

EN 13852(verification) X X

EU Mach. Dir.(verification) X X X X X

EU Mach. Dir.ANNEX 4(verification)

X X X X

NPD Guidelines(verification) X X X X X

API 2C(verification) X XDET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 18 Ch.1 Sec.1DET NORSKE VERITAS

STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATION OFLIFTING APPLIANCES

CHAPTER 2

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

CONTENTS PAGE

Sec. 1 Documentation ......................................................................................................................... 21Sec. 2 Materials and Fabrication......................................................................................................... 25Sec. 3 Structural Design and Strength of Cranes ................................................................................ 33Sec. 4 Conventional Cargo Gear, Cargo Ramps andmovable Cargo Decks....................................... 42Sec. 5 Machinery and Equipment ....................................................................................................... 46Sec. 6 Safety and Safety Equipment ................................................................................................... 53Sec. 7 Testing and Test Certificates Marking ..................................................................................... 60App. A Wind Loads on Cranes ............................................................................................................. 63App. B Marking of Single-sheave Blocks ............................................................................................ 65App. C Ship Mounted Cranes Without Jib Support in Transit Condition ............................................ 66App. D Examples on Requirements for Documentation for Acceptance of Works Certificates.......... 69App. E Examination of Brackets, Skids and Monorails ....................................................................... 71App. F Register and Certificate Forms................................................................................................. 73App. G Verification Guideline for Safety Functions ............................................................................ 82DET NORSKE VERITASVeritasveien 1, NO-1322 Hvik, Norway Tel.: +47 67 57 99 00 Fax: +47 67 57 99 11

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.2 Sec.1 Page 21SECTION 1 DOCUMENTATION

A. Documentation and Information to be Submitted

A 100 General 101 The documentation necessary for verification assign-ments will depend on the scope of work agreed. The documen-tation and information requirements stated below arenecessary for design approval and ensuing certification.

A 200 Documentation 201 For cranes to be certified, plans and supplementary doc-umentation (e.g. necessary calculations, see B) giving perti-nent particulars of the technical subjects listed below shall besubmitted in duplicate in ample time before fabrication of thelifting appliance:

general arrangement of the lifting appliance including anyhazardous area classification

ratings of the lifting appliance rigging plan/reeving plan structural drawings with pertinent calculations slewing ring and fasteners ropes, thimbles, shackles, swivels, chains, rings, etc. hooks and blocks pins and sheaves drums and brakes gears transmitting braking forces braking systems schematic diagram of: hydraulic systems, electrical sys-

tems, pneumatic systems and instrumentation/automation material specifications. See also 400. safety equipment fire protection extent, type and acceptance criteria for non-destructive

testing (NDT) program for functional testing*. See also Sec.7 A program for load testing*. See also Sec.7 B load charts and/or load tables.

* See end of 301.

A 300 Specifications and information301 In addition to the drawings, plans, diagrams and calcula-tions listed in 200, following information and specificationsshall be submitted:

name and address of crane manufacturer, vendors, craneowner (if known)

intended location of the crane type of crane. See definitions of Ch.1 Sec.1 B102 possible request for Additional Equipment and System

Notation CRANE or Additional Service and Type Nota-

tion Crane Vessel design criteria, including codes and standards etc. applied

for the structure, systems and details. See also B102 limitations of use and design ambient and operational con-

ditions for the lifting appliance type and make of prime mover or specification of other

main power supply emergency power supply, if arranged type of power systems applied for the various operations

and movements lists with functional description of applied hydraulic, elec-

trical and pneumatic components possible additional services requested. See Ch.1 Sec.1

E500 possible reduced scope of work requested. See Ch.1 Sec.1

E700 conflicting codes or standards identified. See Ch.1 Sec.1

A500 specific design features such as for instance: lifting with

grab, crane controlled by wireless remote control system,lifting of persons, jib unsupported in transit condition, lo-cated in hazardous areas, etc.

crane Manual. *)

*) To be presented for acceptance to the Societys surveyorwho shall monitors and accepts the testing at the lifting in-stallations final location.

302 In order to implement dynamic amplification of theloads on the structures, dynamic factors are to be specified bythe designer:

industrial crane shipboard crane non-class related offshore crane crane for lifting of submerged load.

For class-related offshore cranes, the determination of the dy-namic factors when lifting in waves is covered by the designapproval. See B104.

A 400 Material grades and certificates401 For specification of material grades, see Sec.2 A201. 402 Material certificates shall be presented at the Societysmanufacturing survey and are not to be submitted for designexamination. See also Sec.2 A401.

A 500 Components and accessories501 General requirements to documentation of componentsand accessories are listed in Table A1. The table is intended aseasy reference only, and shall be interpreted in combinationwith relevant text.DET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 22 Ch.2 Sec.1Indexes for Table A1

1) For Shipboard cranes.2) For Offshore cranes. 3) Design and strength to comply with recognised standard.4) A prototype test up to at least the specified breaking load

of the rope used. (Quality control of every rope end termi-nation to be done in accordance with recognised standard.Proof loading to maximum 40% of the minimum breakingload of the rope is recommended.

5) Applicable as basis for certification if carried out by DNV.6) Certification by other Competent Person/Body (which

may also be the manufacturer) than DNV may normally beaccepted. In such cases the material certificates shall befiled by the manufacturers and shall be presented upon theSocietys request.

7) Except for lifting appliances categorised as Offshore craneand/or to be covered by class notations CRANE or CraneVessel, certification by other Competent Person/Bodythan DNV (which may also be the manufacturer) may nor-mally be accepted. In such cases the material certificatesshall be filed by the manufacturers and shall be presentedupon the Societys request.

8) Components in gears which are transmitting braking forc-es shall be included in the scope of certification. Exceptfor lifting appliances categorised as Offshore crane and/orto be covered by class notations CRANE or Crane Ves-sel, certification by the manufacturer or another Compe-tent Person/Body than DNV may normally be accepted

pendix D regarding documentation to be submitted.Functional testing required. If certified by the gear manufacturer or other CompetentPerson/Body than DNV, the following shall be compliedwith:

A Certificate of Conformity or equivalent documentcovering functional test shall be submitted.

Sectional drawings containing relevant parameters in-cluding torque capacity shall be submitted for com-pletion of DNVs files (1 copy).

Transmission gears for non-critical application, as for ex-ample non-hoisting purposes (e.g. slewing units) may nor-mally be accepted providing the following is submitted:

Gear manufacturers product certificate coveringfunctional test. See also Appendix D regarding docu-mentation to be submitted.

Sectional drawings together with calculations docu-menting necessary torque and available torque forcompletion of DNVs file (1 copy).

9) Or equivalent if certified by other Certifying Authority/Body than DNV, e.g. ILO Form No.3.

10) Or equivalent if certified by other Certifying Authority/Body than DNV, e.g. ILO Form No.4.

11) Preferably. Survey Report may cover the purpose and maysuffice.

12) For Shipboard cranes not to be covered by class (CRANEor Crane Vessel), and with a load carrying capacity notexceeding 20 tons, DNV inspection and survey report/pro-duction certificate may be omitted.

13) For Shipboard cranes not to be covered by class (CRANEor Crane Vessel), and with a load carrying capacity notexceeding 20 tons, the cylinders may be accepted with themanufacturers product certificate on the following condi-tions:

The manufacturer must be considered a recognisedmanufacturer.

The cylinder is subject to serial production. The exception may be agreed on a case-by-case basis

and shall be agreed in advance. The manufacturer shall apply for such exception in

Table A1 Crane components and accessories - general requirements

Designapprovalrequired

Inspectionrequired

Type ofmaterial

certificates 17)

Load testat

manufacturers

Before installation:Required documentation

Surveyreport

Type of DNVcertificates 16)3.1 3.2

Sheaves 6) x 3)5) x 5) x x 5) Sheave axles x x x xHooks, chains, swivels,shackles 6) x 3)5) x 5) x x x 5) CG3 9)Wire end terminations(sockets, swaged lugs, etc.) x 3) x 4)

Hoisting blocks 7) x 3)5) x 5) x x x 5) CG3 9)Ropes (steel wire or fibre) 6) CG4 10)Winches incl. brakes, drum, support 8) x 5) x 5) x x 5) Prod. Cert.

Transmission gears 8) x 5) x 5) x x 5) Prod. Cert.Slewing rings x x 12) 1) 2) x 12) Prod. Cert. 11)12)Slewing ring bolts x x 12) 1) 2) x 12) Prod. Cert 11)12)Hydraulic cylinders 15) x 13)14) x 13) x 13) Prod. Cert. 13)

Hydraulic system: Design/System review.Hydraulic components:

Manufacturers pressure test certifi-cate.

Electrical system: Design/System review.Electrical cables and accessories:

In accordance with DNVs Rules (type approval or case by case).

Electrical motors: DNV certificate in case of class no-tations CRANE or Crane Vessel above 100 kW. Otherwise manufac-turers test certificate acceptable.

Diesel engine: To be in accordance with Ship Rules Pt.4 Ch. 2.DET NORSKE VERITAS

unless otherwise specified by the Customer. See also Ap- due time by submitting one copy of documentation on

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.2 Sec.1 Page 23the cylinder, including all main dimensions and mate-rial specifications enclosed to the application, ena-bling DNV to carry out an independent reviewcalculation as found appropriate.

Extent of NDT and pressure testing shall be agreed ineach case.

14) For design approval, see Sec.5 E 115-121.15) The DNV certification shall be carried out as described in

DNVs Standard for certification No.2.9 Type ApprovalProgramme 5-778.93 Hydraulic cylinders, October2002.

(The lower limit of p Di = 20 000 given in DNVRules for Ships Pt.4 Ch.6 Sec.5 H301 is not applicablefor cylinders for lifting appliances).

The DNV product certificate shall, in addition to theitems specified in the above Certification Note, statethe dynamic design loads, the design pressure, andthat the cylinder is certified for use in lifting applianc-es only. The design temperature and/or the minimumacceptable design temperature shall be stated on theproduct certificate.

16) Only to be used for certifications carried out by DNV. Cer-tifications carried out by Manufacturers may be evidencedby Works Certificates replacing DNVs Product Certifi-cates.

17) Designation references in accordance with EN10204:2004.

B. Calculations to be Included in the Documentation

B 100 Necessary calculations101 For structural parts and components specified in A200,the drawings shall be supplemented with calculations demon-strating that the structural strength complies with the require-ments of the Sections 3, 4 and 5. 102 A complete listing of structural components and partssubjected to strength calculations shall be submitted. The listshall include information of

types of failures considered (excessive yielding, buckling,fatigue fracture)

elastic or plastic analysis performed permissible stress or limit state method used.

See also Sec.3 D.103 The calculations will be used as information during thedesign examination work and will not be approved. They willbe filed by DNV. Consequently, only one copy needs to besubmitted. Emphasis is made to determination or calculations document-ing the dynamic coefficients used in the design calculations.

104 For Offshore cranes to be covered by class, the calcula-tions of the dynamic coefficients shall cover:

a) The still-water dynamic factor or specification of a possi-ble increased figure chosen as design dynamic factor. Seedefinition in Ch.1 Sec.1 C.

b) Calculations of the dynamic coefficients for all combina-tions of boom angles and Hsign.

c) The crane-supporting vessels heave- and roll velocitiesused in the calculations referred to in b) above, as well asa description of the geometrical location of the crane on

d) As an alternative to the figures required in c) above, thevertical velocity components at the boom tip caused by thecrane-supporting vessels heave and roll.

e) For lifts of submerged loads, the maximum acceptable dy-namic coefficient contribution caused by hydrodynamiceffects shall be specified. This includes also hydrodynam-ic effects occurring when the load is lifted through the seasurface.

C. Design and Extreme TemperatureC 100 Design temperature101 Design temperature is a reference temperature used as acriterion for the selection of steel grades.102 The design temperature TD for lifting appliances is de-fined as the lowest mean daily temperature. (The average tem-perature during the coldest twenty-four hours of one year.)103 For lifting appliances installed on vessels or mobile off-shore units classified with the Society, the design temperaturesof the appliances and the vessel/unit shall be compatible.104 If not otherwise specified design temperature accordingto Table C1 shall be applied.

C 200 Extreme low temperature201 The lowest temperature estimated to appear in an areawith a corresponding specified design temperature. Structurescomplying with the material requirements for a specified de-sign temperature are considered to maintain the necessary re-quired mechanical properties down to the extreme lowtemperature.

Guidance note:Values given in brackets to indicate that they shall be consideredfor information only. It is DNVs opinion, however, that craneoperations shall not take place at temperatures below the extremelow temperature.


D. Design Conditions (environmental, operational) for Machinery and Systems

D 100 General101 Machinery and systems for lifting appliances shall bedesigned to operate under the following environmental condi-tions if not otherwise specified in the detail requirements forthe component or system:

ambient air temperature between the design temperatureand 35C

ambient air temperature inside machinery housing or othercompartments containing equipment between 05C and55C

Table C1 Design temperature for Lifting Appliances.Type of Lifting Appliance Design

temperatureCorresponding Extreme Low Temperature

Shipboard/Industrial Cranes 10C (30C)

Offshore Cranes 20C (40C)Engine rooms and other similar spaces with con-trolled temp. +10C (0C)DET NORSKE VERITAS

board the vessel. relative humidity of air up to 96%.

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 24 Ch.2 Sec.1102 Where the certification standard stipulates requirementsto capacity or effect of machinery, these shall normally be de-termined on the basis of the following:

ambient air temperature: 40C relative humidity of air: 50%.

These values will be reconsidered if the crane shall work intropical or sub-tropical areas.

Guidance note:Consideration should be taken to the heat generated by machin-ery or other equipment and also to the heat caused by sun radia-tion on surrounding bulkheads.


103 The effect of ice on an appliance installed in cold weath-er areas shall be considered for the parked/stowed position.DET NORSKE VERITAS

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Ch.2 Sec.2 Page 25SECTION 2 MATERIALS AND FABRICATION

A. GeneralA 100 Scope101 This section stipulates requirements for materials for im-portant structural members and equipment for cranes with de-sign temperature TD down to 30C. Materials for cranes with design temperature below 30C willbe especially considered. For definition of design temperature,see Sec.l C100 of this Certification Standard.102 Materials with properties deviating from the require-ments in this section may be accepted upon special considera-tion.103 The following categorisation will be used for structuralmembers:

Essential where no redundancy and/or no redistribution ofstresses are regarded possible.

Primary structures are main load-carrying members andcomponents subject to high stresses.

Secondary structures are structures other than primarystructures and essential members.

The categories shall be agreed with the Society in each case.See also detailed categorisation for bolt connections in D501.

A 200 Required documentation201 Specifications of material grades to be used in structuralmembers and important equipment of the crane shall be sub-mitted to the Society for approval.Material grade designations shall be stated with reference tothe Society's Rules for Ships Pt.2 Materials and Welding, orwith reference to recognised standards as EN/ISO or nationalstandards.

A 300 Steel manufacturing process301 Steel shall be made by the basic oxygen process, openhearth process, electric furnace process, or by other process es-pecially approved by the Society.

A 400 Material manufacture survey, certification and testing procedures401 Certificates covering specification of the chemical com-position and mechanical properties shall be presented for allmaterials for all load-carrying structures and mechanical com-ponents. The test values shall show conformity with the ap-proved specification. Test specimens shall be taken from theproducts delivered.See also the Societys Rules for Ships Pt.2 Ch.1 General Re-quirements for Materials.Approved steel manufacturer will not be required.402 Inspection certificate 3.1 will normally be accepted, ex-cept for slewing rings and slewing ring fasteners for offshorecranes in which case DNV inspection certificate 3.2 is re-quired, unless otherwise agreed.

Guidance note:The document designation inspection certificate 3.1 and 3.2 arein accordance with EN 10204: 2004.


403 DNV inspection certificate 3.2 is a document signed bya surveyor of the Society and accepted by the manufacturers

the required tests. It shall certify that the tests have been carriedout by the manufacturer in the presence of the surveyor accord-ing to the Rules or according to special agreement on samplestaken from the delivered products direct.404 Inspection certificate 3.1 is a document issued by themanufacturer which contains the results of all the requiredtests. It shall certify that the tests have been carried out by themanufacturer on samples taken from the delivered products di-rect.405 The materials shall be adequately marked for identifica-tion. The marking shall at least comprise name or trade markof the manufacturer, material grade, heat number, and when re-ferred to 3.2 certificates, the stamp of the purchasers author-ized representative. 406 Marking and identification of smaller items, e.g. boltsand nuts, shall be especially agreed upon between manufac-turer and the Society, but must at least comply with fastenerproduct standard.407 Materials without proper identification will be rejectedunless renewed testing verifies compliance with approvedspecifications. The number and type of tests will be decided ineach case.

A 500 Retesting501 Materials that prove unsatisfactory during delivery test-ing may be retested. If the standard, with which the materialsshall comply, gives no directive for retesting, the retestingshall be carried out as given in the Societys Ship Rules Pt.2Ch.1. Provided the new test results are found to satisfy the pre-scribed specification, the material may be accepted.

B. Rolled Structural Steel for WeldingB 100 General101 In addition to the requirements for structural steels setout in the following, further requirements may be stipulated inspecial cases depending on the material application. Thus, test-ing for fracture mechanics analysis and through thickness duc-tility properties may be required. Fracture mechanics testing inaccordance with an approved procedure will be required formaterials and welded joints when the crane manufacturer can-not document satisfactory experience from previous similarmaterial application.102 Rolled structural steel for welded constructions may becarbon steel or carbon-manganese steel. The steels are dividedinto three groups dependent on the specified yield strength asfollows:

Normal strength steels, with specified minimum yieldstress 235 N/mm2.

High strength steels, with specified minimum yield stressof 265 N/mm2 and up to and including 390 N/mm2.

Extra high strength steels with specified minimum yieldstress of 420 N/mm2 and up to and including 690 N/mm2.

103 Application of steel with specified minimum yieldstrength above 750 N/mm2 shall be especially agreed.104 Steels having through thickness ductility (Z-steel)may be required for primary members which will be signifi-cantly strained in the thickness direction.105 The requirements to chemical composition, mechanicalDET NORSKE VERITAS

authorized inspection representative, covering the results of properties etc., are given in DNVs Rules for Ships Pt.2 Ch.2

Standard for Certification of Lifting Appliances, October 2008Page 26 Ch.2 Sec.2Sec.1 B for normal strength steels, Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.1 C for high-strength steels, and Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.1 D for extra high strengthsteels,106 As an alternative to 105, materials that comply with na-tional or proprietary specifications may be accepted providedsuch specifications give reasonable equivalence to the require-ments of this section or are approved for a specific application.

B 200 Impact test temperatures201 Required impact test temperatures are dependent on de-sign temperature TD and the material thickness. Impact testtemperatures are given in Table B1 for structural steel for pri-mary and secondary applications. For definition of design tem-perature see Sec.1 C100.For structural members subjected to compressive and/or lowtensile stresses, modified requirements may be considered, i.e.greater material thicknesses for the test temperatures specified.202 When welding a thinner plate to a thicker plate, e.g. con-necting a flange to the supporting structure for the flange, in-serted reinforcement rings etc., the following apply providedthe thicker plate does not contain butt welds:The impact test temperature shall be the lower of the tempera-tures according to Table B1, based on t1 or 0.25t2 where:

t1 = thickness of the thinner supporting platet2 = thickness of the flange.However, the impact test temperature for the flange (thickerplate) shall not be higher than the required test temperature,based on t2 according to Table B1, plus 30 C.B 300 Testing301 Test samplesUnless otherwise required the test samples shall be taken forpositions as specified in the Societys Rules for Ships Pt.2Ch.1 or other recognised standards. The sample of materialfrom which test specimens are cut shall be treated togetherwith and in the same way as the material presented. The sam-ples shall be suitably marked for identification.302 Test specimensTest specimens shall be as specified in the approved standards.The following additional requirements shall apply:

For impact testing of thin materials where the thicknessmakes it impossible to use an impact test specimen of 10 10 mm the largest practicable of the following speci-mens shall be used:

- 10 7.5 mm or l0 5 mm.By this procedure the required impact values are reducedto 5/6 and 2/3, respectively, of the value of the standard10 x 10 mm test specimen.

C. Rolled Steel not for WeldingC 100 General101 Rolled steel for essential and primary components otherthan those mentioned in 200 and 300 (e.g. machinery parts)shall be specified with reference to a recognised standard. Thematerial shall be delivered in the following conditions:

carbon and carbon/manganese steel in normalized condi-tion

alloy steel in quenched and tempered condition.

For all materials, impact toughness shall be documented byCharpy V-notch impact tests. Test temperatures shall be as re-quired by Table D1 but, in the case of low calcu

DNV 2 22 Lifting

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