Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics Economics and Trade Branch
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Transcript of Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics Economics and Trade Branch
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Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics
Economics and Trade Branch
Environmental Aspects of Fisheries Subsidies
WTO Symposium on Trade and
Sustainable Development
10-11 October 2005
A brief overview of UNEP’s work and findings
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Overview of the Fisheries SectorOverview of the Fisheries Sector
• Critical to national economies
• Key source of employment
• Essential for food security
• Developing countries = US$18 billion
(net fish export)
• 38 million worldwide
• 1 billion depend on fish as primary source of animal protein
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Trends in the Fisheries SectorTrends in the Fisheries Sector
Source: FAO, Review of the state of world marine fishery resources (2005)
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Trends in the Fisheries SectorTrends in the Fisheries Sector
Source: FAO, Review of the state of world marine fishery resources (2005)
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Trends in the Fisheries SectorTrends in the Fisheries Sector
Source: FAO, Review of the state of world marine fishery resources (2005)
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Factors Leading to OverfishingFactors Leading to Overfishing
Overcapacity
Inadequate fisheries management
Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing
Subsidies
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•Promote sustainable fisheries management and practices, especially in developing countries
UNEP’s Mission
•Provide a forum to discuss innovative approaches to fishery policy reform
•Further understanding and awareness of the impacts of fisheries subsidies
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Main Activities
•Country Projects
•Stakeholder Consultations
•Analytical Publications
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Country Projects
Argentina (2002)
Senegal (2002; 2004)
Mauritania (forthcoming) Bangladesh
(1999; 2004)
Uganda (1999)
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Country Study: Bangladesh
• Economic potential of marine fisheries significant
• Subsidies to the industry negligible
• More scope for sustainable exploitation of marine fisheries and economic development of the sector
• Need for financial and structural assistance
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Country Study: Mauritania
• Fisheries sector key source of income
• Numerous access agreements signed
• Effects:
-decrease in fish stock (e.g. octopus)
-shift in catches to export species
-loss of jobs
-negative social and environmental consequences
• Need for better resource management for sustainable fisheries sector
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International Stakeholder Consultations
• UNEP Fisheries Subsidies Workshop (2001)
• Workshop on the Impacts of Trade-Related Policies on Fisheries and Measures Required for their Sustainable Management (2002)
• UNEP Workshop on Fisheries Subsidies and Sustainable Fisheries Management (2004)
• Promoting Development and Sustainability in Fisheries Subsidies Disciplines: An Informal Dialogue on Select Technical Issues (2005)
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Analytical Publications
• Analyzing the Resource Impact of Fisheries Subsidies: A Matrix Approach (2004)
• Incorporating Resource Impact into Fisheries Subsidies Disciplines: Issues and Options (2004)
• Artisanal Fishing: promoting poverty reduction and community development through new WTO rules on fisheries subsidies (forthcoming in 2005)
• Reflecting sustainable development and S&D treatment in the context of new WTO fisheries subsidies rules (forthcoming in 2005)
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Price Support
Incom e
Variable C osts
C apital C osts
Vessel D ecom m issioning /L icence R etirem ent
Access to other C ountries' W aters
M anagem ent Services and R esearch
Fisheries In frastructure
C atch and C ontro l
O pen Access
Effe c tive M an a g em ent
Less than Full C apacity
Full C apacity
O ver C apacity
Subsidy Management Exploitation
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Catch Controls Open AccessOver
CapacityFull
CapacityLess than
FullOver
CapacityFull
CapacityLess than
FullFisheries
Infrastructure H H NH H H NHManagement
Services NH NH NH NH NH NHAccess to Foreign
Waters H H NH H H NH
Decommissioning PH PH / H PH /
Capital Costs H H H H H H
Variable Costs H PH PH H H PH
Income Supports PH PH PH H H PH
Price Supports H H PH H H PH
Matrix of Impact of 8 Categories of Subsidies
NH = Not Harmful PH = Possibly Harmful H = Harmful / = Not Applicable
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Future Initiatives
Two newly-commissioned papers on: -considering a role for subsidies in re-orienting developing country fisheries policies towards sustainability; and
-access agreements
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United Nations Environment Programme
Division of Technology, Industry and Economics
Economics and Trade Branch
The International Environment House
11-13, chemin des Anémones
Ch 1219 Geneva, Switzerland
Tel: +41.22.917.8243
www.unep.ch/etb
Thank You