Diversity for Development, Development for Diversity
-
Upload
bioversity-international -
Category
Education
-
view
1.540 -
download
1
Transcript of Diversity for Development, Development for Diversity
Parviz KoohafkanSenior Honorary Research Fellow
Bioversity International
Diversity for Development
Development for Diversity
Land Degradation, Desertification, Climate Change, Poverty and Migration
Systems at Risk at a Glance
Unique Agricultural Heritage Systems at risk
TOWARDS 2050.....
THE CHALLENGE
AHEAD
Projected Population Increase
Changing Diet, Nutrition, health and biodiversity
• Hidden hunger: missing micronutrients–More than 2 billion worldwide–Mostly women and children
• Double burden: diseases of “affluence”–Type 2 diabetes, obesity, heart disease,
cancers
Rice (28 %)
Wheat (28 %)
Maize (33.4 %)
Barley (6.4 %)
Sorghum (2.7 %)
Millet(1.4 %)
GLOBAL GRAIN PRODUCTION, FAO 2008
GRAIN CROP DIVERSITY IN FOOD BASKET
Rice + Wheat + Maize = 89.4 %
Food diversity, Nutrition and Heath
Biodiversity
Malezas en floracion de las familias compositae o umbeliferae atraen insectos beneficos en busca de polen y nectar Loss of functional biodiversity
Towards 2050… food requirements
foodproductionneeds
+60%globally
+100%in developing
countries
addressingfood security and Poverty
WhileSustaining
Natural Resources Base
A Paradigm Shift in Development(Agricultural) Policies
The Challenges Ahead Require:
Best options for the poorest?Great success in the past… but still nearly one billion people are hungry
• Key questions:– to what extent can farmers
improve their food production with low-cost and locally-available technologies and inputs?
–What impacts do these methods have on natural resources and environmental goods and services and the livelihoods of people relying on them?
A major opportunity: Small holders and Family Farming
• Produce the bulk of the global food
• Are the largest number of stewards for the – environment and its services including biodiversity,
• Higher and sustainable productivity increase at their level will have a major impact on poverty reduction, economic growth and climate change mitigation and adaptation
Intensificationwithout Simplification
Investing in All Assets of Rural Systems
(livelihoods, communities, economies)
Financial Capital:money, savings
Natural Capital:nature’s goods and services
(waste assimilation, pollination, storm protection, water supply, wildlife)
Social Capital: cohesiveness of people
and societies - trust, reciprocity, rules and norms,
networks and institutions
Physical Capital:Infrastructure, roads
markets
Human Capital:the status of individuals - health, skills, knowledge
Linking Global …….. to local
and local …… to global
Conservation andAdaptive management of
GLOBALLY IMPORTANTAGRICULTURAL HERITAGE SYSTEMS
GIAHS UN-PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVE
Was conceptualized and launched in 2002 at the occasion of World
Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg
South Africa
Local food and livelihood security,
biodiversity and genetic resources
Local knowledge of individuals and community
Cultural Diversity of Agri ”Culture” including products and services diversity
Landscape diversity and aesthetic values
GIAHS selection Criteria :
THEY ARE UNDER THREAT BCAUSE OF: • Inappropriate policy,
legal and incentive frameworks,
• Industrialization of agriculture and Neglect of diversified systems and local knowledge,
• Low community involvement in decision making,
• Population pressure and cultural change
Centers of Origin of the agricultural Civilizations
The eight Vavilovian Centers of Origin of Crops
China Rice Fish
GIAHS-Satoyama in Japan
Cultivation in waru-warus
2007
Maasai pastoral systems Kenya-Tanzania
Oases System in Atlas Mountains, Morocco
Lemon Garden, Italy
Japan
MadagascarSaffron, Iran and Kashmir India
HOW ?
At Global levelby identification, selection and recognition of GIAHSAt National levelby capacity building in policy, regulatory and incentive mechanisms to safeguard these outstanding systems and use them as sustainability bench mark systems At Local Levelby empowerment of local communities and technical assistance for sustainable resource management, promoting traditional knowledge and enhancing viability of these systems through economic incentives
Recognition of traditional knowledge in Science Congress,
Koraput Agriculture, Orissa India
Examples of Opportunities for Traditional Farmers through
GIAHS
Natives Dates Oases, Tunisia
Rice-fish culture products , China
Native potatoes, Peru
Ecological Farming Chiloe
GIAHS is not about the past, it is about the future
California USA
For more information, visit www.giahs.org