DISEASES RELATED DUE TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT MECHANISM
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Transcript of DISEASES RELATED DUE TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT MECHANISM
DISEASES RELATED DUE
TO DEFECT IN TRANSPORT
MECHANISM
TRANSPORT ACROSS THE
PLASMA MEMBRANE
TRANSPORT ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
ACTIVE transport
• Energy coupling can transport against a concentration gradient.
Primary ---Transport is coupled to a chemical process (ATP hydrolysis).
Secondary ---Transport is coupled to a favorable transport process
Primary
• It requires energy molecule (ATP)
• Molecules move from area of low concentration to area of high concentration.
• Active transport of molecules or ions is achieved through the use of an integral membrane protein.
• 3 types of membrane protein:
• *UNIport
• *SYMport
• *ANTIport
BULK transport
#Phagocytosis
#Pinocytosis .
#Endocytosis
#Exocytosis
PASSIVE transport
Energy coupling can transport along a concentration gradient
This requires no energy.
Molecules move from area of high concentration to area of low concentration.
IONS THAT TRANSPORT THROUGH CELL MEMBRANE
1. Oxygen
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Water
• Chloride ions
• Sodium ions
• Potassium ions
• Calcium ions
List of diseases Alzheimer disease
Cystic fibrosis
Epilepsy and ataxia
Osteoporosis
Diabetes
Endocrine disorders
Renal diseases
Cardiac arrehythmias
Muscle excitation
ALZHEIMER’S Brain cell death. Neurodegenerative disease Show tiny inclusions in the nerve tissue, called
plaques and tangles. • Plaques are found between the dying cells in the
brain - from the build-up of a protein called beta-amyloid (you may hear the term "amyloid plaques").
• The tangles are within the brain neurons - from a disintegration of another protein, called tau.
Causes: *Ageing *Environmental factors like stress *Family history and genetics Symptoms: Memory loss Unable to do normal tasks like cooking,dressing etc Unable to recognize relatives,friends,irritation,wandering-off Some lose ability to take care of themselves Changes in personality and behavior Impairments to reasoning, complex tasking, exercising judgment
• Stages of Alzheimer's disease • The progression of Alzheimer's can be broken
down into three basic stages: • Preclinical (no signs or symptoms yet) • Mild cognitive impairment Dementia. Mechanism: Clumps of amyloid peptides grow in brain Protein strands twist damaging brain cells Brain cells die and some part of the brain shrinks
PREVENTION
Control the risk factors like blood pressure,diabetes and stroke.
Avoid stress in mildlife
Leading an active mental and physical life.
Drugs prescribed:
Drugs helps in to remove excess peptides from the brain.EG:Tacrine,Donepezil
Vaccines to boost immune system against the peptides.
CYSTINURIA