Discovering Elements of the Periodic Table

Book K

Use a periodic table to help you identify each element.

Give its symbol for the answer.

1. I am a member of the Boron family with 49 protons.

2. I have a total of 74 electrons in an atom.

3. I have an atomic mass of 26.

4. I am a gas with 8 neutrons in an atom.

5. I have 14 protons, 14 neutrons, and 14 electrons in an atom.

6. I have 99 protons and 99 electrons in an atom.

7. Which is bigger- an atom of aluminum or an atom of tin?

8. I have 20 neutrons and am found in your teeth.

The answers are …

1. I am a member of the Boron family with 49 protons.

2. I have a total of 74 electrons in an atom.

3. I have an atomic mass of 26.

4. I am a gas with 8 neutrons in an atom.

5. I have 14 protons, 14 neutrons, and 14 electrons in an atom.

6. I have 99 protons and 99 electrons in an atom.

7. Which is bigger- an atom of aluminum or an atom of tin?

8. I have 20 neutrons and am found in your teeth.

In

W

Fe

O Si

Es

Tin

Ca

Chapter 3: Elements

This section explains the

characteristics of elements and

gives examples of these

characteristics. It also explains

how to identify and classify

elements as metals, nonmetals,

and metalloids based on their

properties.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmqKALQofNs

3 Flap Foldable

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

Nonmetals

Metalloids

Cut and Paste

• Cut out the names of the 13 elements.

• Use your Periodic Table to decide if the

element is a metal, nonmetal or

metalloid.

• Paste the element name in the box as

shown in the diagram.

Copper

Aluminum

Calcium

Sodium

Magnesium

Potassium

Sulfur

Carbon

Chlorine

Neon

Iodine

Argon

Silicon

Challenge #5

Image made with http://www.wordle.net/ T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

What is it? Rearrange the symbols for the elements

and use the clues provided to figure out the words.

1. A holiday decoration

Hydrogen + Tungsten + Rhenium + Astatine

2. Water vapor

Americium + Sulfur + Tellurium

3. Not first

Cobolt + Neodymium + Selenium

4. Lemons make you do this

Erbium + Uranium + Potassium + Phosphorus + Carbon

1. A holiday decoration

Hydrogen + Tungsten + Rhenium + Astatine

2. Water vapor

Americium + Sulfur + Tellurium

3. Not first

Cobolt + Neodymium + Selenium

4. Lemons make you do this

Erbium + Uranium + Potassium + Phosphorus + Carbon

The answers are …

H + W + Re + At

WREATH

Am + S + Te STEAM

Co + Nd + Se SECOND

Er + U + K + P + C

PUCKER

Discovering Metals

Count the white clues: 14

Count the answers cards: 18

#2- 2 answers

#4- 3 answers

#13- 2 answers

Match the clues with

the answer cards

RECORD YOUR FINAL

ANSWERS ON THE TOP

OF PAGE 6 OF THE

TITANIC PACKET!!

Discovering Metals Answers p. 6

1. Lead

2. Sodium, Calcium

3. Aluminum

4. Copper, Silver, Gold

5. Aluminum

6. None

7. Mercury

8. Silver

9. Calcium

10. Iron

11. Iron

12. Lead

13. Lead, Mercury

14. Copper

Metals

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

Nonmetals

Metalloids

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

75% of the Periodic Table

Nonmetals

Metalloids

Copper + silver and gold- coinage

metals (ancient times)

In 1886, the Statue of Liberty represented the largest

use of copper in a single structure. To build the statue,

about 80 tons of copper sheet was cut and hammered to

a thickness of about 2.3 millimeters (3/32 inch), or

about that of two U.S. pennies placed together.

Aluminum- most

common element in

the earth’s crust

Calcium- strong bones, teeth

Sodium + calcium and potassium-

nervous system

Magnesium- pyrotechnics, flares

and photographic flashbulbs, food

Potassium- bananas, fertilizers

Left Flap Iron- red blood cells, transport

oxygen, iron pipes

Heavy metals- lead and mercury

(replace iron in blood)

Mercury- only liquid at room

temperature

Properties of Metals • Luster- shiny (silver)

• Good conductors of heat and

electricity (copper)

• Malleable- bendable (aluminum)

• Ductile- pulled into a wire (copper)

• Color- (fireworks)

Challenge #3

What is it? Rearrange the symbols for the elements and use the clues provided to figure out the words.

1. You need this to see!

Sodium + Titanium + Rhenium

2. You or me

Sulfur + Nitrogen + Phosphorous + Oxygen + Erbium

3. Vacation home

Calcium + Indium + Boron

4. Don’t gamble on this one!

Erbium + Polonium + Potassium

1. You need this to see!

Sodium + Titanium + Rhenium

2. You or me

Sulfur + Nitrogen + Phosphorous + Oxygen + Erbium

3. Vacation home

Calcium + Indium + Boron

4. Don’t gamble on this one!

Erbium + Polonium + Potassium

The answers are …

Na + Ti + Re RETINA

S + N + P + O + Er

PERSON

Ca + In + B CABIN

Er + Po + K

POKER

Chemistry of Fireworks Centuries ago, the Chinese discovered

what happens when a compound

containing metal is exposed to an open

flame. The Chinese put this discovery to

use in the fireworks that we have been

enjoying for centuries.

Video Clip: Fireworks! Making Color (2:34) 1. Using metal _______, not metals, allow

fireworks to burn in different colors.

2. What color does each metal salt burn?

Element: Metal Salt Result

Copper

Strontium

Barium

Lithium

Sodium

Calcium

Potassium

Video Clip: Fireworks! Making Color (2:34) 1. Using metal salts not metals, allow

fireworks to burn in different colors.

2. What color does each metal salt burn?

Element: Metal Salt Result

Copper

Strontium

Barium

Lithium

Sodium

Calcium

Potassium

The

Chemistry

of Fireworks

Copper

Strontium

Barium

Lithium

Sodium

Calcium

Potassium

Element: Metal Salt Result

Copper

blue green

Strontium red

Barium yellow green

Lithium crimson

Sodium orange yellow

Calcium red orange

Potassium purple

What color does each metal salt burn?

Video Clip: Fireworks! Lifting Charge (2:34) 3. The gunpowder recipe is ____ %

potassium nitrate, _____% charcoal

and _____% sulfur.

4. Today, black powder is compressed

into marble sized balls, called ______.

5. Stars are loaded into _______________

to create fireworks displays.

6. Types of fireworks patterns are shown

in the figure to the right. Circle the

ones that you observe in the video

clip.

Video Clip: Fireworks! Lifting Charge (2:34) 3. The gunpowder recipe is 75%

potassium nitrate, 14% charcoal and

10% sulfur.

4. Today, black powder is compressed

into marble sized balls, called stars.

5. Stars are loaded into shells to create

fireworks displays.

6. Types of fireworks patterns are shown

in the figure to the right. Circle the

ones that you observe in the video

clip.

The amount of energy released by heating and

other energy sources varies from element to

element, is characterized by a particular

wavelength of light. Higher energies correspond

to shorter wavelength light, whose characteristic

colors are located in the violet/blue region of

the visible spectrum. Lower energies

correspond to longer wavelength light, at the

orange/red end of the spectrum.

Analyze and Conclude:

1. What did you observe when each solution

was heated in the flame?

2. What particles are found in the chemicals

that may be responsible for the production

of colored light?

3. Why do different chemicals emit different

colors of light?

4. Why do you think the chemicals have to be

heated in the flame first before the colored

light is emitted?

5. Colorful light emissions are applicable to

everyday life. Where else have you

observed colorful light emissions?

What is it? Rearrange the symbols for the elements and use the clues provided to figure out the words.

1. A holiday decoration

Hydrogen + Tungsten + Rhenium + Astatine

2. Water vapor

Americium + Sulfur + Tellurium

3. Not first Cobolt + Neodymium + Selenium

4. Lemons make you do this Erbium + Uranium + Potassium + Phosphorus + Carbon

1. A holiday decoration

Hydrogen + Tungsten + Rhenium + Astatine

2. Water vapor

Americium + Sulfur + Tellurium

3. Not first Cobolt + Neodymium + Selenium

4. Lemons make you do this Erbium + Uranium + Potassium + Phosphorus + Carbon

The answers are …

H + W + Re + At

WREATH

Am + S + Te STEAM

Co + Nd + Se SECOND

Er + U + K + P + C

PUCKER

Answers p. 3-5 1. Elements can not be separated into simpler

substances

2. Meteorite

3. Hardness, melting point, density, boiling point, solubility

4. Cobalt and nickel can be used where a strong metal is needed. Ex: structures, tools or vehicles

5. properties are too similar to be used to tell

them apart

6. small size, short, curly hair, face shape

7. metals, nonmetals and metalloids

Nonmetals

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

75% of the Periodic Table

Nonmetals

Metalloids

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

75% of the Periodic Table

Nonmetals

Mostly Gases

Metalloids

Chlorine- greenish/yellow poisonous

gas

Carbon- 18% of our bodies, found in

all living things, coal and petroleum

Sulfur

Iodine

Neon

Argon

Oxygen

65% of the human body

Most common nonmetal

Left Flap

Hydrogen

99% of the universe

Explodes when lit

Fuels the stars Hindenburg

Left Flap

Hindenburg

• Lakehurst, New Jersey

on May 6, 1937

• 35 people killed on the

airship- miraculously

62 of the 97 passengers

and crew survived

• 80 years of research

and scientific tests:

Disaster was caused by

an electrostatic

discharge, a spark, that

ignited

leaking hydrogen.

Left Flap

Fluorine- added to toothpaste to

prevent tooth decay, our state mineral

Nitrogen

Properties of Nonmetals • Dull

• Poor conductors of heat and electricity

• Brittle

• Not Ductile

Metalloids

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

75% of the Periodic Table

Nonmetals

Mostly Gases

Metalloids

3 Flap Foldable

Metals

75% of the Periodic Table

Nonmetals

Mostly Gases

Metalloids

All show luster!

Silicon

Sand when combined with oxygen

Heated and cooled to become glass

¼ of Earth’s crust

Silicon

Semiconductor in video games,

calculators, watches

Boron

• Comes from beds of

evaporated lake

• Used in cleaning agents

“Borox”

• Antiseptics/rocket fuels

Left Flap

Properties of Metalloids

• Properties of both metals and nonmetals

118 Elements

Periodic Table in 10 minutes!