PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY - Gerard Kelly - How to teach pronunciation BOOK
Discovering Cells. Cell Pronunciation: (How to say it) [Sel] Definition: Basic organizational unit...
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Transcript of Discovering Cells. Cell Pronunciation: (How to say it) [Sel] Definition: Basic organizational unit...
Cell
• Pronunciation: (How to say it) [Sel]• Definition: Basic organizational unit of
structure (how it’s built) and function (how it works) in living organisms. (Organism = living thing.
• Cells form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism’s processes, or functions.
Cells form all the parts of our bodies and carry out all the jobs different parts of our bodies have to do.
Carrying messages
Cells are very tiny, and most individual cells can only be seen with a microscope.
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale/
Cells & Structure
Living things are built differently because of the different kinds of cells they have and the different ways their cells are put together. The way a body is built determines how it works.
Cells and Function
Cells do all the different jobs our bodies need, carrying out a wide range of functions, like…
Cells function similarly in all organisms, doing the same kinds of jobs no matter what kind of living thing they’re in.
Robert Hooke
Named cells when looking at a thin slice of cork through a compound microscope he made himself.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Also made his own simple microscope and observed living cells from pond water and scrapings from teeth (bacteria in plaque)
Cell Theory
• Pronunciation: [Sel theer-ee]• Definition: Widely accepted explanation of
the relationship between cells and living things
• Parts of cell theory:– All living things are composed or made of cells– Cells are the basic unit of structure and function
in living things– All cells are produced from pre-existing cells
Cells function similarly in all organisms. Regardless of the organism they are a part of, cells carry out the basic processes of life in similar ways. Organisms may be composed of one cell or many trillions of cells
Unicellular
• Pronunciation: [you-knee-SEL-yuh-ler]
• Uni=one
• Definition: Single-celled or made of one cell
Multicellular
• Pronunciation: [muhl-tee-SEL-yuh-ler]
• Multi = many• Definition: Composed or
made of many cells
As multicellular organisms develop, their cells differentiate. This means that their cells become different, and that the shape of the cell is linked to its specialized function, or the job it does.
Differentiation
After Differentiation
After differentiation, most cells lose the ability to become another type of cell.
Nerve Cell Specialization
The long, fingerlike extensions of the nerve cell help transmit information from one part of your body to another.
Blood Cell Specialization
Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout your body. Their flattened shape enables them to fit through tiny blood vessels.
Cells: Organizational Units
In multicellular organisms, cells are often organized into differentiated tissues, organs, and organ systems with specialized functions
Tissue • Pronunciation: [tish-oo]• Definition: a group of similar cells that
work together to perform a specialized function
• Examples: muscle tissue, nerve tissue
Organ • Pronunciation: [ore-gun]
• Definition: Made of different kinds of tissues that work together
• Example: Brain contains other types of tissues, like blood vessels and the connective tissue that protects the brain
Organ System
• Pronunciation: [ORE-gun-SIS-tem]
• Definition: Group of organs that work together to perform a major function or job
• Examples: Brain is part of nervous system, which directs body activities and processes