Disclaimer: M ap1. G eolgyf u ntP I r siv Cm x( -, c b B z ) · B o o t j a c k L a k e P o l l e y...
Transcript of Disclaimer: M ap1. G eolgyf u ntP I r siv Cm x( -, c b B z ) · B o o t j a c k L a k e P o l l e y...
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Jackson, M.L. (2008): Evolution of the Northeast zone breccia body, Mount Polley mine, BritishColumbia; unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of British Columbia, 232 p.Logan, J.M. and Mihalynuk, M.G. (2005): Regional geology and setting of the Cariboo, Bell, Springerand Northeast porphyry Cu-Au zones at Mount Polley, south-central British Columbia; in GeologicalFieldwork 2004, B.C. Ministry of Energy and Mines, Paper 2005-1, 249-270 pp.Logan, J.M., Bath, A., Mihalynuk, M.G., Rees, C.J., Ullrich, T. D. and Friedman, R.M. (2007a):Regional geology of the Mount Polley area, central British Columbia; BC Ministry of Energy, Mines andPetroleum Resources, Geoscience Map 2007-1, 1:50,000 scale.Logan, J.M., Mihalynuk, M.G., Ullrich, T. and Friedman, R.M. (2007b): U-Pb ages of intrusive rocksand 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of copper-gold-silver mineralization associated with alkaline intrusivecentres at Mount Polley and the Iron Mask Batholith, Southern and Central British Columbia; in BCMinistry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Geological Fieldwork 2006, 93-116 pp.Mortensen, J.K., Ghosh, D.K. and Ferri, F. (1995): U-Pb geochronology of intrusive rocksassociated with copper-gold porphyry deposits in the Canadian Cordillera; in Porphyry Deposits of theNorthwestern Cordillera of North America (Schroeter, T.G., ed.), CIM Special Volume No. 46, 142-158pp.Pass, H. E. (2010): Breccia-hosted chemical and mineralogical zonation patterns of the NortheastZone, Mt. Polley Cu-Ag-Au alkalic porphyry deposit, British Columbia, Canada; unpublished Ph.D.thesis, University of Tasmania (CODES), 276 p.Read, P. B. (1997): Surface geology of the area east of the Cariboo Pit, Mount Polley Mine;unpublished report for Mount Polley Mining Corporation-Imperial Metals Corporation, GeotexConsultants Limited, December 1997.Ross, K.V. (2004): Alteration studies of the Northeast, Springer and Bell zones, Mount Polley Mine;internal reports prepared for Imperial Metals Corporation.
Map 5. Mount Polley Pits and Zones
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Planned pit
Active pit
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Reserve/Exploration zone
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165.2 +/- 1.8 Ma, Ar/Ar (hb)
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220.8 +/- 1.3 Ma, Ar/Ar (bi)
207.8 +/- 1 Ma, Re/Os (mo)
205.2 +/- 1.2 Ma, Ar/Ar (bi)
206.2 +/- 1 Ma, Re/Os (mo)
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Map 1. Geology of Mount Polley Intrusive Complex (pre-mining, except Cariboo-Bell zones)
GeologyGeology is based on Imperial Metals’ mapping by C. Rees, supplemented by L. Ferreira and L. Bjornson, and fault and geophysical interpretation by C. Taylor. Data is primarily from outcrops or trenching on the pre-mining surface, except for the Cariboo and Bell zones where geology is simplified from detailed bench mapping andcomputer projections, both by G. Gillstrom. Some geological contacts may be faults in part, in particular in the Cariboo-Bell zones. Other map sources include Logan et al. (2007a: unit EJt) and Read (1997).
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Map 2. Copper Mineralization Map 3. Gold Mineralization
Grade contoursThe Cu and Au grade contours were generated from the 3-D computerized block models used at the Mount Polley Mine for reserve estimation. The grade values in each block in the model are geostatistically estimated using ‘Ordinary Kriging’ from explorationdrill assay results. The block models include already mined ore as well as remaining resources (to December, 2012). The three main contours shown are the smoothed outlines of grade blocks averaging 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 percent copper on Map 2, and 0.1, 0.3and 0.6 grams per ton gold on Map 3. These contours display the grade distribution at an elevation most representative of the ore zones. In the core of Mount Polley centred on the Springer zone the contours are at an elevation of 1,000 metres (a.s.l.); in theNortheast zone the contours are at an elevation of 900 metres (a.s.l.). This is roughly equivalent to 100-200 metres below the pre-mining topography. Patterns of grade distribution at deeper levels may be different in detail but are generally conformable. The‘Limit of elevated Cu, Au mineralization’ contour is less rigorously defined, based on assay results from exploration drilling, trenching and mapping.
(Kriging is a geostatistical estimation method that infers the value of a random field at an unobserved location from observed samples at known locations.)
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AlterationHighly generalized map of hydrothermal alteration assemblages at Mount Polley. The smoothed alteration outlines shouldnot be taken to indicate that the alteration pattern necessarily postdates intrusion or breccia contacts, or faulting.
Limit of elevated Cu,Au mineralization
0.6% Copper
0.3% Copper
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Pit outline
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Limit of elevated Cu,Au mineralization
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Map 4. Alteration Map
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LTrpbx2m
LTrpbx2 LTrpbx2. As bx1, but occurs outside central MPIC and is characterized by less texture-destructivealteration than bx1. Igneous cement is less common than rock flour matrix and/or mineral cement.bx2m = mineralized to ore or near ore-grade.
Geology of theMount Polley Intrusive Complex
1 : 10,000
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D R A F T
Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 10Horizontal Datum: North American Datum 1983
Part of NTS Sheet 93A/12Chris Rees, Greg Gillstrom, Lee Ferreira, Leif Bjornson and Chris Taylor
Geoscience BC Map 2013-21-1
True north is 1.08° west of grid north
Pit outline
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LTrpbx3
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LTrpbx3. Fragmental breccia (polymictic) comprising mm- to cm-scale, rounded to angular,monzonitic porphyry clasts in a related rock flour matrix. Mostly matrix supported. Distinguishedfrom LTrpbx1 and LTrpbx2 by a lack of (1) coherent rocks, (2) igneous breccia cement, (3) potassicalteration (except in transported clasts), and (4) mineralization (except pyrite). Local garnetalteration. Subtype bx3a has a finer rock flour matrix, and a high matrix to clast ratio.
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Potassium feldspar-(plagioclase-)phyric monzonite. Pale to deep pink, fine to coarse grainedgroundmass, with sub-cm to megacrystic (2-3 cm) phenocrysts, with trachytoid alignment in somedikes and larger intrusions.
Plagioclase feldspar porphyry (monzodiorite). Grey to red-pink where strongly altered, typicallycrowded with phenocrysts up to 5 mm, locally aligned, in fine-grained groundmass.
Monzonite to monzodiorite. Pale pink, medium-grained, even-textured, More homogeneous thanunits LTrpd2, LTrpmdu, and lacking in inclusions.
Diorite to monzodiorite, leucodiorite, and minor monzonite. Characterized by uneven textures andnumerous small inclusions. Grey to green-grey, cream-grey (pink where more altered), mediumgrained, usually inequigranular to subporphyritic (plagioclase and local augite phenocrysts).
Even-textured augite(-biotite) diorite to monzodiorite. Speckled medium-grey, medium to coarsegrained, mostly equigranular.
Pyroxenite, minor melagabbro. Dark green to black, medium to coarse grained.
Basalt to andesite, or intrusive-equivalent meladiorite, microdiorite. Undivided volcanic andsubvolcanic coherent rocks and fragmental breccias. Grey, dark mauve, dark green, finelyplagioclase- or pyroxene-phyric, local analcite or pseudoleucite. Breccias are undifferentiatedigneous-hydrothermal and volcaniclastics, characterized by a lack of felsic porphyry fragments.Local lenses of mafic or calcareous sediments, limestone. Gradational contacts with MPIC, wheresome breccias may be hydrothermal and coeval with MPIC intrusions.
LTrpmdu Monzodiorite and monzonite, some diorite, undivided. General, heterogeneous unit of intermediateintrusions with poorly defined internal contacts. Pink to grey, fine to medium grained, equigranular toplagioclase-phyric; mafic lithic and other inclusions common, verging on igneous breccia locally.Includes small dikes and zones of bx1 or bx2 hydrothermal breccia not differentiated on map.
LTrpdb Leucodiorite porphyry, banded. Minor unit. Pale green and pale grey, fine to medium grained,characterized by wispy laminations (possible flow banding) and fluidal (?) clasts; gradational withunit Pmdu.
NICOLA GROUP (NORIAN)
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Disclaimer: While every effort has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information in this map, the data are provided on an 'as-is' basis, without any warranty, guarantee or representation of any kind, whether expressed or implied. It is the responsibility of the user to check the facts before entering any financial or other commitment based upon this information.
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LTrpbx1. Intrusive complex with a significant amount of fragmental breccia (polymictic/oligomictic)or inclusion-rich intrusion, comprising (sub)rounded to subangular diorite to monzonite porphyryclasts in a cognate igneous ‘cement’ (igneous breccia), and/or a clastic matrix of fine to coarse rockflour. Clasts in igneous breccia may be partly resorbed. Contacts are gradational into variablybrecciated (monomictic jigsaw-fit type) diorite to monzonite. Characteristic of bx1 (though notubiquitous) is texture-destructive alteration due to moderate to strong secondary K-feldspar ± biotite± albite ± magnetite ± actinolite/diopside ± garnet, replacing the igneous groundmass or brecciamatrix, or permeating fractures. LTrpbx1m = mineralized to ore or near ore-grade with chalcopyrite± bornite or pyrite.
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Trachyandesite tuff. Plagioclase-hornblende-biotite and minor (1%) quartz grains in aphaniticmauve-grey matrix. 196.7 ±1.3 Ma, U-Pb zircon (Logan et al. 2007b).
LATE TRIASSIC - EARLY JURASSIC
NICOLA GROUP (IN PART)
Breccia, conglomerate. Massive, coarse, matrix-supported polymictic breccia and minor cobbleconglomerate, with clasts of intermediate intrusives, volcanics and microporphyries, in grey tomaroon crystal-lithic matrix. Minor lithic sandstone-siltstone, and rare trachyte-latite. Stronghematite cement immediately north of and overlying MPIC. Labelled EJbc where known Jurassic.
LATE TRIASSIC
MOUNT POLLEY INTRUSIVE COMPLEX (MPIC)
Augite porphyry dike. Green-grey, fine grained basaltic-andesitic dikes with subequantclinopyroxene phenocrysts, and lesser aphyric mafic-intermediate dikes.
Note: Areas of outcrops are shown with a darker shade
I K-feldspar* − biotite − albite − magnetite − diopside/actinolite ± calcite ± andradite garnet ±sulfides. Retrograde chlorite ± sericite ± albite ± epidote, ± calcite ± zeolite ± prehnite ± clay.
POTASSIC-SODIC, CALC-POTASSIC
II K-feldspar − biotite − magnetite – albite ± calcite ± sulfides. Minor diopside/actinolite ± epidote ±andradite garnet. Retrograde chlorite ± sericite ± albite ± gypsum. Dashed hatch pattern where ill-defined.
III K-feldspar − magnetite − biotite − chlorite − calcite − andradite garnet ± albite ± epidote ±apatite ± clinozoisite ± anhydrite ± sulfides. Minor diopside/actinolite. Retrograde chlorite ±carbonate ± sericite ± gypsum ± rare quartz.
IV Albite − epidote – pyrite ± magnetite ± K-feldspar ± calcite ± sulfides.
MARGINAL POTASSIC - PROPYLITIC
V Andradite garnet – epidote ± albite ± calcite ± magnetite ± sulfides.
SKARN (s.l.)
Note: Weak to intense, fracture-controlled to pervasive ‘reddening’ due to nanoscale hematite inclusions insecondary K-feldspar is common in I, II, III; sporadic in IV.
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Alteration
Cartography by Fion Ma and Fionnuala Devine from Geoscience BC, and Chris Rees fromImperial Metals Corporation.
Data sources
Acknowledgments
Geological terrane dataMassey, N.W.D, MacIntyre, D.G., Desjardins, P.J. and Cooney, R.T. (2005): Digital GeologyMap of British Columbia: Whole Province; B.C. Ministry of Energy and Mines, Geofile 2005-1,URL <
> [November 2007] http://www.empr.gov.bc.ca/Mining/Geoscience/PublicationsCatalogue/GeoFiles/Pages/2005-1.aspx
Elevation model prepared by Kaz Shimamura, Geological Survey of Canada
>http://archive.ilmb.gov.bc.ca/crgb/pba/trim/
Topographic dataBC TRIM (2006): British Columbia Terrain Resource Information Mapping (TRIM) Digitial MapProducts; B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Crown Registryand Geographic Base Branch. URL <
Elevation model dataCanadian Council on Geomatics (2004): Canadian digital elevation data; Natural ResourcesCanada, GeoBase®, URL <[October 2004]
http://www.geobase.ca/geobase/en/data/cded/description.html >
[March 2006]