DIRECTAm, is, areShall/willCanMayMustHave/has toOught to

INDIRECT Was/wereShould/wouldCouldMight

Had to

CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACEDIRECTNOWTOMORROWNEXT WEEKTONIGHTTODAYYESTERDAYLAST NIGHTLAST WEEKHERETHISTHESE

INDIRECT THENTHE FOLLOWING DAYTHE FOLLOWING WEEKTHAT NIGHTTHAT DAYTHE DAY BEFORETHE NIGHT BEFORETHE WEEK BEFORETHERETHATTHOSE

CHANGES OF TENSESDIRECTSIMPLE PRESENTSIMPLE PASTPRESENT PERFECTPRESENT CONTINUOUSPRESENT PERFECT CONT.SIMPLE FUTUREINDIRECT SIMPLE PASTPAST PERFECTPAST PERFECTPAST CONTINUOUSPAST PERFECT CONT.PAST FUTURE

1. STATEMENT NAGATION

HE SAIDHE SAID TO MEHE TOLD ME

THATREPORTED WORDS

STATEMENT EXAMPLEDIRECTThey said to me: we are going to visit Borobudur tomorrow.

Jeffry said: I didnt go to school today.

Anne told Agus: My father got angry with me last night.

INDIRECT They said to me that they were going to visit Borobudur the following day.

Jeffry said that he hadnt gone to school that day.Anne told Agus that her father had got angry with her the night before.

STATEMENT Exception:If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there wont be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech .DIRECTCindy says: I will come to your house tonight.

Indra says: I have seen that film for twice.

Dessy says: I meet my boyfriend every saturday.

Chandra says: I dont like sport.

INDIRECT Cindy says that she will come to my house tonight Indra says that he has seen that film for twice.Dessy says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday.Chandra says that he doesnt like sport.

HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME

TOINFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLEDIRECTThe teacher asked me: Open your book page 65!

Siska asked Manu: give me a piece of paper!

Ronny told him: call me tonight!

INDIRECT The teacher asked me to open my book page 65. Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper.Ronny told him to call him that night.

HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME

NOT TOINFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLEDIRECTSanty asked Edy: Dont leave me alone anymore!

Valenxia asked Indra: Dont hurt me anymore!

Subhan told them: Dont disturb me!

INDIRECT Santy asked Edy not to leave her alone anymore. Valenxia asked Indra not to hurt her anymore.Subhan told them not to disturb him.

HE ASKED ME

IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT

A. Yes/No Question ExampleDIRECTRicky asked Henry: Does your father work near here?

Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: have you collected your homework?

Dessy asked William: can you accompany me to Lippo tonight?

INDIRECT Ricky asked Henry if/whether his father worked near there. Mr. Bean asked Cyntia if/whether she had collected her homework.Dessy asked William if/whether he could accompany her to Lippo that night.

HE ASKED ME

WHEN/WHATetc. S + V + COMPLEMENT

b. Wh- Question ExampleDIRECTThe girl asked me: Where Do you come from?

My father asked my brother: Why did you arrive at home late last night?

Handy asked the girl: what is your favorite movie star?

INDIRECT The girl asked me where I came from.

My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before

Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was

DIRECTThe students said to the teacher: We havent done our assignment. My uncle said to my sister: I cannot come on your birthday party next month.Patar asked Lina : Do you love me?

My father asked me:Have you prepared for your final exam?Anita told Ver: Dont tell me more about your boyfriend!My friend asked her: Stay with me forever!My headmaster asked me: Where do you live?