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DILLON MYER 1943 - 1944

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llnob •· 1~8

Daor Mr. ~rt

I .. ·~.,-& yo~ a l atter I boft

fto.lftd ~· 1. Harriet _B1plao,_

Seattle, Waabiqton, en U.. a ubjoot of

hJ'*Ieaa-.&Mri- •n-uoo.

I •oul<l •PJft o1a ta 701&1' let till&

• kncar ..._, tbe po.1 Uon of the '"'ar

lldo .. uoo Alltl!ori~ 1a for the tutlll'e.

Ron.Dillon s. ~r Director, •'• r Relocation Autborl t;y 'Huhington DC

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. ~ongttll of tf)t 'llntteb ailtates Jfoua of Bepttllentatlbt.f

lldllln;IDn, )I.C:. ~(\

llareh 1, 1943 . ~ ..c'f 'f /

lin. Eleanor Roooenl.t Wbita Houaa Washington, D. C.

'X\ t :l .>:}r J' i~"J)f " :J .) J(j' .{j ~;t y . . -~* "· 'f \fll·

1;1 dear lira. Rooaavelts '\)1! rJ' !l \''1'"' Thl.e 1e in rap:Q- to :your nota ot P'ebru.ary 2:> 1 194) ~- \ quutinll rq opinion u to tha truth of a latter and report oent. to :you b:y lliaa E. l'*rriet Oipoon ot Seattle, Wuh­ington.

Some ot tha atat.ementa uda b:y llieo Clipeon retar to jl>dg­menta of varloua incli 'Yi~ala 'Ohich cannot ba preciea:Q' nil!l>ad • . l-ahou.ld U7 that lliee Gipaon '• raport ia aub­at.ant.iall;r to the point in abcnring tbat tru-nt of the Japanaaa-Aaarioane doaa not accord with the objacti•e• wa ha'N aet in till> tin& tbil war.

To cite a tn !acta 1 It ia true that rwoon ot aabotaga b:y Jap&neao ruidanta ot l'*waii during tbe attack on Pearl

·.. Harbor haw no fOWld&tion in fact. It 11 true that the Jopanaea were O'Nou&tod trom the West Cout to for estall poeetblo eabotaga in tho a'Nnt. ot an invaoion and not ba­cauae a'Yidanca ot oabotesa ••• alra&clr at hand. It ie true that Jap&nall wan l""''"d indioort..inatol:y in aaoftbq oon­tan wiU.out raprd to ago or background and giTen a nolllinal was• or aubaiatanoa.

1lban U.a c..-ttea reported on tba ·-•tion, ... took t.ha poaition that 11111tar7 .-caaait:y ... t ba accepted aa a t1nal tact and - urpd1 with anxioua regard tor tha tutura, that

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' tho Jap&Mso bo rooot.t.lod in coomuoities ao organised aa to utllbo thoir fUll okillo and WJ.onto 1n wor oaplo111enta and to facllitato tboir ultiaate, coaploto participation 1n noru.l. .borlcan lifo,

The War Relocation Authorit7 1n undortakinc to transfer aa 1UJ11 aa pcea1blo ot tho Joponoeo to prhato llllj)lo.)'llont 1n non­military ,....... 11 punuing a poliCT which adaito that· oatil­rae t.ory resettle~~ent. co:1.111n1 t1ea caMot be achieved. The naouation itool! and oubooquont dnelopaonto to dote h.-.e not tended to oloar up tho con!Uaion and doubt in tho public lllincl . conconnnc lo7alt7 or tho JopaMo~rlcans. I toke tho libort7 o! enclosing tho Coouitteo'e Fourth Interia Report which ototoe our o!!1c1&1 poo1t1on in rogord to tho I'MCUotion probloa. In tho ownt thot TOU ahould wioh fUrther Worution with roopact to thie •ttor, I ohoulcl bo glod to ho,. onoo o! tho -bora of tho C...tttao 11 oto!t talk to ,.,., or y·our Hcret&ri.ee. \.

With all cood wiobot, I aa ,

lnoloouro

llardl 15, 18U

O..r Ill'. ao.ra

1h&nlo: 7011 ftry •IIOla t or )'Our let~r

ot ..,..,.. u. I .. 1ot.,. .. tod to ••• 7ov

,.._...sa t.loa to Ua. S.oNtoJ7 ot lror end

I ...... Wi tla ,.....

Roo. D. s • ..,_r Diftotor, Jar lltlocat1oo .lutbor1t.7 lfUIW!ctoo, D. C.

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Wra. Freuklin o. Rootevelt The White Houae Washington, D. c .

Dear Urt• RooaeveltJ

I have your note ot U~oh 4, with the attached copy of letter from l!J.sa E. Harriet Gipson of Seattle , W'aehington . I wae vory Quoh interested in the ,resontntion mAde by Miss Gipson CIJ"ld Uiae Wolfe.

You lcnow, of co~ree, t~t the evacuation waa carried out under authority of the Proaident provided in Executive Order 9066, because it w&b deteroined by tho War Oep&rtment that the evaoua.tion Wf\& a military necessity. The War Relocation Auth­or ity waa then established under Executive Order 9102, same weoke after the firet evacuation w's ord~red.

The War Reloca.tioo AUthority ia in agreement with JnltCh

that is eaid 1n the mimeogra~hed etatement signed by ~ae Gi910n &n4 ~ •• Wolte. It ia our O?inion, ho~verJ that or1tio1«m of the evacuation at thia lato date acoompliahce little and may prejudice tho poaitivo atapa thAt ehould bo taken to overco~o eame or the probl em. cauood by oTAcuation. Th~ ton relocation oontora wore eetabllahod booaueo tho ovaouated people •t the ttm. of ••aouatlon h~d po plaoo to go where they would be ac­cepted . The leaYe polloy or the War Relocation Authority provides th&t anyone may requoet leave provided they have a pl..aoe to go IIDd oan tfSo oar& of thomeolveR 1 if investigation 1nd1oatoe they are not d~eroue to the 1nt&rnal aoourity of the ooUDtry, ond it the OOIIIIllUD.ity to whioh thoy wioh to go 1e DOt generally .nta&oniltio to their pre1enoe. We alao require thoae who are s;iYOn indetinito leave to keep ue informed ro­sard1a,g their addr•••·

/ il'1 thin the put r ... d-,yo I havo oent to Secretary /.I ( l ~ ~ -~v .. .) / ~~laeou. a oontldentitl letter. a oopy ot which 11 ftDcloaed, rf ·· I __..

avtlluin& · -thi"' or t~w hiotory ond problema or th• war "G 11 ...... ,1, ' · -

I Relocation •uthorlty, and mak1D& a rooammeDdation r•o~rdln& l pla>~a tor tiM tllturo . Tho only reuoo tor .W:inc thh letter OODtldentiol 1o tho t'aot that part or rtr/ rOOCCIIIOndation pro• ' '/I rlc!ea that ·~ ot the en.ou••• may return to the enouated

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are& after being properly oloared by ll joint btH",rd . Beco.uae

thia proeedura ~uld requirft a chan&• in the evacuation orders ,

I do not caro to rake 1t pubH< unt!l we havn had '"' oj:port.ml ty

to 4houu 1t tully with the Nar Dopr.r\ment. I hope you w~ll fi<d

timo to r ead lhie lottor , o~en thou~h it ia r~ther long.

ln your reply to llho Gipoon yoll may wi>h to refer to tho

r ecent hoa.r1ns• of the Sel'late W.litary A.ffaira Co~r.n.1ttee wh1oh

haTe boon publlohod in two port< and 1nolu4e tho &onerol pol1-

o1oc ot tho ~ar Relocation A~thority. Cop1e3 of these ~ publiettlons are attached in case you ahould wan t to send th~ to K111 Gipaon.

It ...artor readin.g tho letter acld.rossl'td to Socrst'lr!" Stillson

)'OU ar e interected 1n !mrtUiU£ the m•tter turth$r, 1 -.ould bo

very £lt.d to d1touac tho pol1o1GS a.nd probl em.s or the War Reloca­

tion Authority with you et yo\l.r convonienoo .

Slnooroly ,

EDolotW"4

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WAR RELOCATION CENTERS

HEARINGS ll l':.-(Uil! A

SUBCOMMl'ffEE OF THE

COIDfTL,_'EJ<J ON MILITARY AFFAIRS UNITED STATES SENATE

SEVENTY.EIOIIT I! CONGRESS mtrr S>:S810S

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5.444 A 811.1. PROVIDINO FOR TilE TRANSFER Of' CERTAIN

FU:<CTIONS OF TilE WAR RELOCATIO:< AUTHORITY TO THE WAR OEPARTM E'NT

JANUARY 20, 27, AND 28, 19<3 ·

Prhatod rot tbo nte ot lho Committe«! on M llftary :\tralra !

UNl'r'U I'TATU 00'fh1'1MJUI'r rJII""lMO OwtCC

,... W41UlKO'tOK 1 1HI

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I WAR RELOCATION CENTERS

HEARI NGS

SUBCOMMITIEE OF 'filE OOMMI'ITEE ON 1tULl'l'ARY AFFAIRS

UNITED STA'L1ES SEN AT F. Sl'!VF.NTY-E1011TIT CONORESS

Plll8T S£8$JOS

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A nn~t. PROV1DJNO FOJl 1'11 8 TRANSl~£1t 011 CERTAlN FUNOTIONS OF THH WAfi IU!LOCATION AUTHORITY

TO THE WAR DEPARTMENT

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PART 2 FEURUARY 11, 1913

OO'fDKUPT MUHTINO OrrtCII , WA.IllUCOTOK 1 l .. l

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AprU 15, 11165

lira. llooMwl\ \be onolAI .. d l oUor tr~a.....-1-.r11 1106 Woe\ 28\11 S\1'80\ -•er, llaohl,.ton , and to 117 \he\ IIIIo would appro oil \1 10111' bninl I-OM adY1M llr o (Uliano

Yery oinoorol7 10111'•,

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Wi fe 1n rolooat1on oaap ae 1111 11 ot JapArwH anc01try - he could not ro wit.b hlr •• hi had to ot.A7 wit.b hlo ooot.bar, llboao l'h781cal condition would not allow lwlr too to 10. 111te •7 not !'llturn h- bocaiiSo ohl hal no cb1ldnn. B• 1a 1n 1ft ol8ont1al 1ndll8tr)' and flll'l dllftCI would

ca,.• h1• roola••1t1ca tion into 1- A.

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Dear .... .,_,.,

-· •••Nl' •a • to ••ad 7011 1bo eaolooocl lo~t.or ~IIH. Tborooo

.,..,.,_hi, ot llinicloko 0111\or. ~. -•'Nlt

tiWU U..\ IIH. Talcqwb1 oncl bar Gbilc!Nn

ollould ba .t,_.cl \o rotan \o a.attlo.

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0 He1• 1110\ller Irilh !other Japaneso - ll\0-•'b&nd. Japanese d"oont - eblldran t.hreo­Court.hs Jop, Ch- to go to flel, C&4p with huaband, t.hou<;h she 111ight have rea~~~ined in !!eottle. Huoband now jo1n1nw OO'IIhllt unit on~ she w•nt s to iJ> bUicto Seottlo, 'ltlore hor aother oosiiMs rioponoibillt:r. Sill! ean go, b"t children will not. be pol'llittad to leave - they •ro S ond 7 yrs, old

., Sl. , ltlC&

Doar llr'· IQiv •

I • uU appNoi..t.e JOW' lo~UllC

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WAR OEPARTM l! NT \~' l WA$HINOT0N , •

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. ~·1 Dear Mrs. Roosevel t 1

1 have dol<lyed answer ing your l etter of llal:ch 20 pending ~ore complote davelopment of War Department pol icies wit h respect to our J~panaso population . I have spent much time and thought on the probl0111 • nich is a difficult one et best . Tho probl e" is not aided by the teet that t here are several antagonistic minority groupo in state legislatures and el sewhere who 4re disposed to consider all persona of Japanese ancestry inherently disl oyal to this country. 1 enclose a typical pamphlet recently received .

While the resettlement of t h& ev4cueeg ia the responsibility of the War Rel ocation Authority, the War Dep&rtment interposes no ob­jection to the i mcediate release fro~ rel ocation centers of all l oyal American citi~ens of Japanese ancestry so that they may be tree t o l ead noroal lives and to participate in t he 'Mar effort in thq afl.Co c&nner a& t he rest of our population. To this end, t he War Department nos recently established a regi~~tsl combat team to be composed of J'ape.nese,-Alnerican volunteers . The response to tbis pla.n was ooet enthusiastic in Hawaii wbero, an you know, cost of the Japanese­Americans have been treated like anyone el a& . The response from the rel ocation centers , on the other hand, has boon fat from satis­factory, althougb at Minidoka, tho rel ocati on conter aituated near Eden, Idaho, over 17 per cent of the male oititena of military age volunteered.

The War Department baa also set up a Japanese-American Joint Board, COIDpoBad of representatives of the Amy and Navy i ntelli­gence a gencies and of the War Reloc~tion Authority. The purpose of this Board 18 to cl ear appropriate individuals tor Ollployment in vital war plants , and &eneral1y to aosiot t he War Relocation Authority i n determining the loyalty of evacuee a and their eligi bill ty for releaas froa relocation centers on indefinite leave . It ia hoped that the work or this Board will help to expodi t o t ho rsatoration or loyal Japanssa-Amari cans to uaaful war employment.

Unfortunately, a rather marked det erioration in evacuee morale appears to bave occurred at the relocation centers. While thla ia certainl.y in part the natural result to be expected fro• oontin8!1lent, 1 believe that tha activities of pro-Axis minorities in each center bavo been a •jor £actor i n prooootiaa unreo t and dostroyin& contideneo in tbie coWltry uong the evt~cueea. The War Depe.rtmsnt he a uraed .on aeveral

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occasions tbat tbe undesirables bo sesregatod 011t and kept by thomselvoa, but little baa ae yet been accomplished in this direction.

I understand tbst Mr. N,yer of the War Relocation Authority sent you a copy of hie letter to ae of Karch 11, which goo• into our Japanese problem at length. You may find my reply of interest, and I t herefore enclose a copy.

Relative to your inquiry concerning tho colored Clyin& unit at Tual:egee, tb.ere are tb.roo kinde of flyin& training going on down ther e . Preflight instruction is being given a t the College, and primary and basic flying at the Army field . After co11pletion of training, quali­fied individuals will be selected for eventual use in comC..t. The 99th Fighter Squadron, for exampl e, was moved from Tuakegao some tLoe ago and 1& now in an active c011bet thea tor.

Please let me know i~~give you any further information.

~ncerely youro,

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lire. Franlcl1n D. Roosenlt, Tho lb1 t o Houao , Walbington, D. C.

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Yh...-..., t ~;. __,~·-S•crotary of War.

llq 10, 1943

Dear Mr. Nyer: '

1 have given careful conclder~tion to your let ter of March 11, 1943, 1n which you rev iew the history of the evacua­tion of pereona of Japanei e ancee t ry from certntn area& on the Weat Coset, and aubaequent developmeote. Your lett~r also tt.nalyce• certain problema which the War Relocation Authority la preQently encountering, and you outline three alternate plane tn eol ution the.reof on which you eollc1t f1\Y comments and rocommendationa,

\.'bile under Xxecut1vo Order 9102 p r omulgated March 18 , 1942,, the 'Jar Relocation Authority ha.e been chn.rged with ex­clusive r eapontibility for t he cAro and· reaettlement of peraone of Japaneso anceatry evacunted from the Weet Ooaot·, the ArJn:y hae been in contact with eeveral ac~octa of tbe pr ogram at firs t hAnd. For inatnnce , the Ar~ ran the assembly eentera to which the evacueea were initiAlly trAn&ferred, pending conetruotlon ot the relocation proJeota by Ar~ engineers . The Ar~; aupor­viaed the movegent of the evaeueea from their homes to the aaaembly centera and from the aasembly centera to the reloeetlon proJecte. Reee·otly the Army te&Jt8 v1a1ted the rel ocat ion contert to proc~re, in cooperation with tb8 War Relooetion Authority, the aceompllehment of loyalty ~ueationnairee. In addition, t here have been froo time to t iae numerou& eonaultat1ona between the W~r Relocation Authority and the War Uepartment on auoh m1a­eelle.neoue &attera AI attendance of JapMe&e evacuees s.t educa­tional 1nat1tut1ona, entry of evaoueea into critical defenae a r e&l, and the maintenance of order in the relocation center• themaelvee. I em g~ to give you the vieYI of the War Depart­cent baaed on thia accumulated experience.

A eerioua deterioration in evacuee morale baa been noted in recent rDOntha. 'l'hia un•atiatactory developemen\ appear• to be the reault in large meaaure of the act1v1t1ee of • vioioua, well-organi~•4, -pro-Japan••• m..lnority {': roup to be found nt ea.ch rolooa\1on proJoot. Through ag1\atlon and by violence , thooo STOUpl gained control of a&nT aopoc\1 ot 1n\ornal ~roJ ect admlalo­tration, 10 wch 10 that it beeEUDB d.had.vantageou.e, and aoaet1.M1 4anceroue, to expr••• lo7alty to the United Statee. The fact that

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thete croup• were per.ttted to re:aln itt power not onl7 ehook the con!ldeace of the loyal onea 1n their Governcent, but alao e!fectl••-1¥ etlfled tho expreation of pro-A~erlcon eeoti~ent. It haa been. and re.m.aint 1 the opinion of the Wo.r De·partc:ent, al..-ead,y f requ.ently e)C!)reaaed to you, that much trouble could hAve been avo ided lf theeo trouble maker& had been removed trom tho relocation cent ers and plAced in r1~or~us confinement.

To be .ure, there were oth&r rouaono for the decline ln evacuoe morale, t omo ot which yo~ have touched upon in your le tter . There i t

f little 1ncont1v• nt tbo projecte to work. Relation• botwoon pllront end clj! l d are d1!f1cult, with tho child no logger dependent upon h1o porento for shelter, for food. or tor olothlng. Abaence ~f t he normal outleta for youthful enthutlatm br1n6• an 1nereaee tn Juvontle de l lnquency.

1 aa coo~elled, hovever. t o the conolualon that !allure to take ~raaelTe action aga1nat tboee tndlvlduala who vere actively ~rking ~stnat the lnteroata of thta Covernaent 11 a prl .. ry cauae t or the carked d aterlora~loo lo evacuee loyalty. You vtll underat~nd, of courae. that =¥

purpoae 11 no~ to crlt1clze. but to 1~ the baele for intelligent futare action.

It 11 the War De~artment 1 a conelnered opl~lon that the War Relocatton Autho rity ahould take ~edlRte atepe t o ecreen ~ut f r oa the cent~r• end 114ret;Rt e in cloao eonftnement All lnd lv ldnAl l &ppoartng to ho•1e prc....Tapl\nOio O:flllP&t hieo. Thlo would include tho nlrer dy oubotant ie.l number ot lndlvldual e vho h~ve anplled for repatriation, aa vell AG the trouble mnkere. It it e1gnlf1cant t~t the evacuee• theaaelvee pr opose aegragatlon n• a neoeae~ry atop tQo long delAYed, and volunteer the opinion that the altu•tlon will grov woree at an accelerated rate lf nction 11 not t.Xen immediately. It aeeme clear to me th&t the problea of ros•ttlement of pereona ot Jal)aneee aneeatry loyal to thte CDuntry would be cen1ur able a1J:1Pl1fied t hr.ouah IG«regati::m, A& i t would conatltute • fi ~ance to the Aaorican public thet the 1>84 actor• hnd been effectlvoly dealt vith.

!'he 1..,ortance vhich the YRr De·partaent 8tt&ehel to tef:regattoo render• preaature any cona14erat1oo ot rolaxtQ& the reetrletlona iD force in the VeattrD Detnae Co maud again at peraone of Japueae anceat17, a• •U&­geated. 1o yOW' Plut B ud C. The Va..r De-putcent, however, la not oeeeaaar1ly coaaitted to a pol icy of aoint&inin& theoo rootrlc tlono !or tho duration ot the v&r. fha ~ueatlon can eaolly be recooa1dere4 alter the reaulte ot a-sregat1on ha~• been obaerTed.

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In the meant1Dt, the Var Department v ill continue c.o do all lt can to ~aaiat the Var Relocation Authority in t~e per=anent reeettlement of all peraona ot JepAneae anceetry l oyRl to the United Statee, eo that t heir aervicee ~be profitably utilized ln the war effort . In this connection, the roln atttutton or general Selective Service pr~cedurea ia being nctlvely considered. The recent e•t&b l lah­ment by the Wa.r· Dep,.rt mont of the Jepaneee American combn.t tem!l ah?uld prove helpf Ul in procuring generAl public nccep t ll1lce for loyal JepMoae Americana . Sim1lerly, the oper•t1ons 'of the J apaneae American J oint Bo&rd init i ated by t he lfar Dopnrtcent , vill clear the wny to the employ­ment of mtUl,Y loyal J apnnoae Americl\no in War induotry.

Mr. Dillon S. ~or , Director War Relocat ion Authori ty Rooa 822, Barr Bu1ldi.JI& VaobioctoD, D. c.

/ Sf ~ L. SZIMSOY

Secretary of Var

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0RAK£ UN I VERSITY

OC:a .. O I HCe. IOWA

\. l'arch 16 ,191,)

lo!rs. franklin D.Roosevelt The White House Washinston, D. C.

'ole, tho Student-raculty Council of Drake University

with a general sense of responsibility for t ho continuance of

our country on a democratic basis, do protest Concurrent Roso-

lution ~1\IDiber 20 which was passed by tho Iowa Senate on February

25, and by tho Iowa Ho~se of Representatives on Pobruary 26.

Wo protest this resolution with personal knowl edge of

the unquestioned nbtional loyalty and ~ho fine scholarship record

ot the twenty-eight kmericans of Japanese extraction now on our

carnpua.

\'le unequivocally feel a very special sense of r ospon-

sibility for their citizenship rights and believe that t hey should

have full educational opportunities within the United St ates that

they might better understand and spread our deMOcratic w&y of

living,

Further, we in&truct our secretary to aend copies ot

this prot eat to the following:

Govomor llourke lliekonlooper Tho I own House of Representatives The Iowa Senate Presi dent Franklin 0, Rooaevelt Guy Cill~tto, Senator from Iowa Paul CUnningham, Representative from Iowa

!lob Spiegel

President, Drake Student-Faculty Counill

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'Wiu:d gkdl, 'We .2>o 'WiHI Ut.e ~~

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<fo 1:\b. H~~~>r:& ';> Y.;.,. , oN

?x: C:rc.l o~ • " { WA A..

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WHAT SHALL WE DO WITH T8E JAPANESE? .,., ... ~ .. ~-·--­::::;; ~ ..... ~--~ ..__.....,:.-.. ..,_ _.....,. ,. ...... __ ·----..-.. , ,..._.,_. __ , !:t~:: =::... ~ ::-:.: ,.,._,_-;- ...... "" ..._ t';::!~~= ~t::::r.:;.: .~u.. ~ . ............... .u... ... -~---·- ......... a.. .,...._._.,.. .,. .. .,._ :~=-.::.....~~ __ .,_..., __ ,. .. ... .._...,.., __ ------------........ -... -.. ... .,....__, __ _ .,......, _ _..._ ...... _.., ... __ ................... .... _ _...,_ .. ..... ., ............ _ :a...-.:c:: =:;.. -.. ~ ·-------­.. ,.. : ........ _... .. _ . -.. ... -... ...... ,

I ___ .._..._MJ,.. ... __ ...... .. """"'_ ......... .... _ ...... _...-r. .. -

, ........ ~toOtw­, ,._, . ~,. ...... ,.._ __

l ,......,__._u..t., ........ ............. . --u...t ... ...,.. ......... .... ..,.q_ ....... ·~= ·----... ...-

' ...... .. ... _ .. __ _ ·- ·- -­.... ------· ..................... --"' ......

""'- _ ....... __ .,. ........... . .,..~ ..... ,...... ___ ........ y.,.-· ,.,._..,. _ _....,., ... _~ -·I'*• ....... . -----... ........- ......... ,...._. _ .................. _ -~-~ .... .. - ---_ ,..,_, ... ~ ..... oau.....,.........,..,_ t. =-~.;·.:. =-:-: ...... _ .......... tb:l)-

J ....................... .. ......,_....,..., .... .. ---..=:.':'-...= ~ ~ ~·--- ........ ------­... ._ __ _,_ ...... ... -~..-. ......... .....__ .. ........,.~ ..... ..- ... ·-~ .... --.. ..... ---..­... .. _...._ .. .,...._ .. ------.... ,.. _____ _ _ ......... ~ ..... ~----.. -__ ., .. __.... _ ·--"'---.-.... _..,._....,....,._ -._..,.. ...... __ ~ ........ ......... .. ;:.'='~~~~~ :..;:"..:: ............ "' .............. oelnoa. ... _ ... ..... _ .,._ - I IJiooMU._\1 __ ,....,. ........... _...,.. .. r:: ......... o.-, .. .. 1.+ -..::. ~ :=::.:: _., ___ ~ .. _ ......,..,.. __ _ ., .................. ~ .....,._ ... __ Oq .. ......... _.. .. __ ., _____ .......

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I

.. ,,. ....... .. .... ,.. "·· , ....... , . ......... ... ....._... ... _____ _ - · .. --~ ............. . ,..,..... ~ ..... . .....- ... --~., .. UIIIoolt --U) M __ , ___ _ _ .... ..- ......... .. -·.so..- ·~ .... ---"" n.- ..,_., .,..._. -.,.---·--· _., .. ,..........._ ...

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:::-......... ~ --................ .. _ . ___ ., ... h..-.

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:-.:::..-:."' .. :-: :::.-.:::.;.:.~ _____ ... _ ·----·--­................ ~ II'W'aT _._,..£.

n'f'8,. E!o:f.' •• 1M-': ••ou&.D QQ. ,....., _., ....--GUft- ... liOn' ,... -...- _,. ~ '10 CAM't _. MID _.,... ..... -~ ,.,~ . .. ~ loa ,... £.DO .. 't10. -

....__... .. .... ,. ... ,..~­c..._.. ... _ ... ----- .. -..:-.. ~----= ::-..:::.-•= ==---~ ~ J'Qft'~-...7--::==..u::.: ......... .--.-...-c.-~ ........ -Cial,.. ~-.. ...... .. 1'0U---· ..... AIIDDO II'- ....-JY'(:&Jf ____ &_ GWfl' ... .._. II' lid' -You. _...-­,.....,. -..&. DO .._ -. ....,DOh'~

L~-0

• ----4-----.. =~ -~c.

~=-- · ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; .. c. ::.-==--&C. _ .. .. --=-. ...... • c. =....::~!"'-

Resolution Against Jap Program hUowtJtc '-' U.. r oaolutlon

_ .... _, ............ Pa-Jaro va.n.,. anct Wat..orl't"Ute. De­,_ oouncu:

WMreu It .._ been &nnou.nctd lhrooofb .... ..-:

1. That \he Sec:r'f!tary ot War <onttmpt.atM that 80me 28.000 oa­Uwe..bom Japanette lball be tneor-­poratod lnto tAe United St:&t.el army In tep&rale combl; t Wtita; and

2. That the Federal AulhoriUe. c:ontedlplatt the releue of trom ~.000 to 40,000 J apaneac from fleloeaUon campa where they tu·e now reetralned, wllh no announc"e<l provl.l1on tor adequat e !IUTV~l· ll.nca or oont ro1: a.nd

Whart .... the Pajaro va.lt.ey and Wat.tonviUo Dt.ttnM Cou.ndl, the mt.mbt.rahlp ol wl'lk:h La rruuLc up ot reprue:ntaUYU or &U dvic::- or­rula&Ubn.e lD tbe com:mtm!ty, at a ~DMtmc btld for the purpca of CONkltttn.r thut tn6lttn. hu of· nc:lalb' u:Pf'Mk'd lt.ll opirdoft tl:1at .udl CICICln'lpQ.led aeUon would b$ IAimtcal to the best interub aDd to tiM wtltue and eltoetJ..-. de­t.a. of our country:

a. It ~wei that we moat vtprouty and earnestly proteat ap.lnlt Lbe above propaaed ac-­Uou and each of Ulan; that we eonYey thb protest to the Secre­tary ot War. to the War Relota· UOn bl».rd, to our Oon~n and ~natOttl a.nd to tho Pruldent ot Lht United State&.

That we ur&t upon lh~e au­thOrltlu t he fOllOWing reta.aons . bNed upon an extena{ve expert. ence w1th the JA{*ne.e, ror more than 40 yeara. an tnUmate knowt. e<Ja~ or thtlr ~haraclt'.r, and our oblerv~LUon ot what occu~ on o.cembf:r 1, lttt. and ~a.te­ly the.rtalter:

( 1) l'oUowtnc Part Harbor and t« lbe dtltue ot the We.t COut aplnll atta~ and~ the ArmJ' wt.IJ' mowd tbe- Japanew t\"oat tb4t PacUk Oout.. NOW TO PZ:IU.UT' THE:W TO R.£TU'tl.~ TO THEIR f'()RltER H A B IT AT

WOULD 8\1BJ'ECT US AGAJN TO THE OA..~CER OF' SERIOUS SABOTAGE AND DI7'P'ICULTY lN DEFENOlNC OUR SRORE LINE 1N Tit£ I:VE,._..,. 0 .17 AT· TACK.

(2) DUE TO Tin Tl!:MP£R OP THE AMPJRICAN PU'BU.C StNcg THE DA8TAJl.Dt..Y A.T­TACJo< AT P.mAJU. HARBOR. we ret-1 tl'il-t IT WOULD Olt D£'iRt­MEl'lo"TA,_t, TO Ttn: BEST IN­£R£STS 0>' TH" J AP ANF.SI'J TUEM8Et..VE8 TO ALLOW TKEM TO J'UtTURN !o'OR 'RESt· OENCE ON T l-tf: WEST COAST. a nd that ditflcule •ddlllonal po­Uclng problem. would b4l p,.....nt• ed \ht-"by Ln t.tfectlnr their satety.

131 IT IS n.c:P08SIBL!: TO OISTINGU18H BJ:'T'W'EEN LOY­AL A N 0 OISLOY At. J APA­N"&&£. We are In no poGUoo to JI,Jdp U. emotton. ot the Japa• ,.. lnNmi.ICb .. Uwy haYe: malft­talned tbt.lr own ecboob llftd ,... UCSOn. a.tld In tn&l\7 CUM. dual dtiHMhlp with lhtlr m.&ln aile­eta-nee to th• Emptror ot Japu.

(4 ) 1F J APANitS& WERE A1,o 'LOWED TO R.E'TtiRN' TO nus AREA WE COU't.O NOT EX• PECT Tl:l& COOPJtl\ATION' OF PRESENT AGRICULTURAL OR TNOtJ8'1"RtAL I,A.8()RJCRJS .U.. RltADY l!:NCAOI!:O IN THJI.2 WAR EFFORT IF THEY WERE CALL.,D UPON TO WORK WTTH JAPANESFJ I!WAC\J'EES.

US) TO At.J,.OW YOUNO JAP• AN&SE TO U:AVt: RELOCA· TION CAM:PS FOR EOUCA· TIONAL PURPOS&S IN OUR COI.LECE8 WOUI.O U£ UN­JUST AND JNI:QU'IT A.BLZ AS IT A.FJ'ECTS OUR OWN AJCER­ICAN' BOYS WHO HAVE BEIIe.'l T AlC£N OtiT OP COu..&Ct AND ARE SO LOYALLY SI:RVINC THEIR COUNTRY t.n U.. &.rm4d roreu to u.. Ottrlmtnt or thdr ed\l<:&Uoa and •rnplo)'moMt.

I&ZSOI..UTI OM A O A JN S T JAP raOG&AM ---=.=..:..::..;::.;...;..:..:..:;_::.::.;;.:.2:::.:.....::..::.:..._;,.=..::..::..:::..::..:::.__. lfl IT IS THJ: OPTNlOI< ot

W. eoundJ t.bat U..... Ja...­eboldd be OOftlrlbutJar ~ l.laU7 ~ tiM: ...,. etrort but we !eel that It tlboald .. la ..,... ,..

- ......... -Oout .... b7 Cf'OUP rnoft181nt tJ1triDGl ruu. AND PftOPD OON11101.. AND 8UPDvtiiOK BY THE A1UIY. IN NO EV&NT SUOut.D THEY Bill 0188UR 8Jil0 THROUOIHOUT "ffim COU'N"11tT WTmOUT PROPI:R PI\OVI8ION POR A880LUTII 8URVEU.­LANCID AND CONTROL.

811 IT FURTHER Rlt80LVCD THAT 1'lnl JAP ANIIIJJt, 80TH ALd:N AND AJO:RJCA.N BORN SROVLO BC RJ:T AJN&D IN RE· LOCATION CI:NTI:R8 FOR TRB DURATION UN' L C 8 8 THEY ARJ: PLACXD UNDER DIJIZCT AND AB80LUT'I: 8\1PERVI8101< AND nn..t. CONTROL or A..R.KY AUTHORJTT and .,.,...,.. Ia the ~era..oce ot ou.r war ettort.

Attelt: 1. &. a te ........ Cite' ...

o ... ...._.__ __,..,_ -C-R. 8AX8. _ ...... .. w·• •• ...,. ..... -"' tba We' •• 0.. ~-~ It wu ___ _

l• ol~~-..&io otbcr dill ... co.alll .. c.ar­l'lla aad. Gat our .._. ...._...,.. ...,_ ........... ,... .. -- 0. B. t...t..BSDf, _ .... , .

This qotutio• , .. to tin tiu~ •I tltc I•~ a, /or ItS 011 the P.ci/kCOIUI, the fiUijor pobkw ·~-' of the war-

-Peo, le ;,. tl•• &ut tio IIDt •ttrediJt. tltc Ur.pr ,._ volveti, Ma.U/11tly W 1JJJm.81- INu "" cotJ&q,._ •f til. l•,ort o/ w hat Is 'ro,owl to In tlmu-

We o/ the w .. t"" c,.,t wltlt stir nn.l'"'­a JUliet W IJJhi•8to• kiiDW the tndh atul nr ,..,._,.

DEMAND ACTION BEFOII.'E IT IS TOO LATE

. --­WATSONVILLE REGISTER-PAJAliONIAN IIAHTA cam ooutn'Y_ CAUPOmDA

Pridq_ r......,. a.,.., ' '

•

All Japs BACK

to Japan '

(

•

I

lllar llr. JCrotro

!Ualt ,._ ft17 _. tor .,_ le\w ~ hlll.l, re~ t.o 8T 1Dqlllq ...._(llr. tD waold. I llaw lift&\ •~UIT •t UJ;.. Ha'lia& "''Pl•~ er UJh 'ne _,be ... .-.. u a.; .,.,_. beUef.

V•T aa.rely ~.

l.lr. 1' I • ar !elocation nuthority ';/ash1~ton, D. C.

M i- Ml-

I

I ' () ' I

0

1

I

I

u r·.-nt.

,.

••• :-' y

• -. 1_ .......

WAR RELOCAT ION AUTHORITY

WASHINCTOS

I , ~· (

/\ . / ~ r ..-) \" \ t-l'n- ;\v)

Mioo ~1'Yina c. Thaapoon Soorotary to Kro. RooooYolt Tho Whito Houoo llaohin&ton, D. c.

Dear Kioo fhaopoono

JUL 1 9 \943 '

I wioh to euppl-t rq lottor ot Jlmo 10 1n roopoaoo to your inquiry aboiAt Harold H. Towuoond.

Kr. To ... oond oullal.ttod a copy ot the otataent wbioh he 1ent Wre. Roo1evelt to the D1•• C~ttee. AI a coo••· quenoe. the Dlel Coaaittee heard Mr. Towneend in an •xeoutive ooaoion in tho oponln' ota&~o of ito 1DYOot1~at1on ot the re­location pror;raa. Kr. Townoend wao penoittod to read into the record ot the Comftittee =o1t of the charge• made in hi1 written 1tat•ct.

OD tho baoio ot Kr. To11noend•o written otat ... ent and b1o toott.ony botoro tho Committee, tho otaft ot tho Pooton Relocation c .. tor •4• a thoroul!:h 1DYOot1pt1on ot all the char&••· J u clad. to nport that Wr. Town•ead• 1 ohucea ar,e voooly OU&&~ratod, faloo and aioloading. Tho facto on IIOOt or tho pointo wi.th wbiob bo doalt aro icdiootod in tho attaohod ~vaphod otat-ot wl>icoh .,. prepared tor """ in boarin,o 1D WaohicJtcm botoro tho Diu C.-lttoo.

SlJle-erely.

~~ Dirootor f

Dlolo1\U'e

- .

'

•

STJ.Tl!MlNT Oil T.!.~Tn:qciY OF H.'~C.JJOL II. TO>I}'.(,i!:':D llh1'0!lE THE F.OUSE 01" IC:J>IIF.SEI:1ATl VES !:JlBCOY' ... :I'l~ OF '11~ S!'F.CI/U. C~IUITTSE

01'1 UIH\l.(£RlCA.'\ ACT-IVITIES, LOS ,'J>'GELES, CALIFORNIA, MAY 26 , 1943, 2:00 P. M.

: He..t-ol.-1 !1 . Tolo'tnsend, formerly olliet Supply rJ.rld TrDns!}ot·t&tion officer c.t the Foston, Ari~on~ Relo~btion Conte!", ol)pGU"ed unrler oath b&tore tho £ubco~.mittee in en ex·l'cutive seaeion on May 26. .So:?Je tl/l'ia prior to Jung 10 . 1943-, a tranecri pt or e"cerpts f rotr. Town sent! ' s te!:tir.:on:t Here supplied tho press by the corr.:ni ttoe . late!' a tt'anscript wac r;i von tte I\·Oject Dirne tor of tho Pot'tOn Center . The Director and otRft' or the center hnve reviewed the Townsoud te!=ttimony cm:etullr and hev~ prepar,eod documPntary evit'eneo bearing on rnost of To.,.:nsend' s o3eertionn. We wi.!:h to take this op!)o:rtunity to present for tr.c record t~e coi"'Jt.ents ol' thCl Wnr Relocation Authority on To~~sand's testi mony .

Tbaro is scB.l·cu,ly a pago of this testimo::Jy t.bet doE's not contr.:in ant) or rr.ore fal~e, tr.i&ltJc.dinG or emg.gert.t cd stetcments . '.Vhi le· soma of tho~& tltotements er-a o1· cornphr'1tlvely trivial coru:cquence, thore nra l:l!lny otbors that misinform th~ Co~G.1ttee on fundarr.e utal· aspect$ or edm!nist~e­tion at the Poston Center. lt is oh those lottt!r comn:ents in particular that tt-1e Wer Reloc&.tion Authorit.y hao prepared C.etc.ilcd comment.

ToTmscnd's eom[)lcte unrqliobili ty f'S f'l ·nitnoso is r evealed in J"!is openins statement to t-hd Co:JMJ l..t£\c .,.ht::n, in res.,onse t.o thFJ direct que3tion, · "HaYe you ever ccrvod in tho 'Unit.,d Stat·t,s A!'my?", he raplies , yes , for sl:t months in France in lSle . As u ruatter of feoct , TOwnsend never served in t he Army. Fol" 'the entire p"riod o i ' A:r.Cl'icar. port i e ipbticn in -:.he first World War, Townsend wes omployud os a supe.rintond~nt or tunrds by thJ Ct~rtc~r Oil CoMpany of Tulsa, Oklllhon:u . In Fobru&rJ 1919, tt.re9 mon~~ eftet· the Ar»istioo, Townsend was nent as o YMCA ?:orkor to Prance whor~c sorv&d tor six months es e hut secretary. ·

or mucb graater seriousness , from the poict o~ viuw or tho cormittoo b~roro Whioh·Townsond ep~ared , is tbo ra1se and ~s1ead1nB picture Town­sand ' presented of cotld1tiollS nt thB Poston Relocat-ion Csntor , particularl y durint) the pe-riod rrom Uoveober 18 to 24 , 1943, dW'ing v1hlch one ot the thrCo camps nt Poston oxperidncod a si t-down atri ko ond l!'&as del!'.onstra.tion by e number ot ovacuees e;,gainst csrtoin policiee of t ho War R~locction Authol"ity end certain con~ i tto:Js at tbG oentot . DJ.ring tbe strike Tovmsend becema sO oc:.otio:'!slly upse t and frightonod thot ho reported a .::.reut many i mec1nary dang,era, talkod co 1rresvoos1bly to othcir -mnmbers o: ~he adminis­trat1va staff that be thrQat enad to spreo.d pcnlc wr.Onf> them, and finally 1ert the cooter In e govornmont automobile •

• • • .. • • • • • * . ' Presented bet'oro Costello $ubco.m.'!t1ttoa ot P.ouse Cor.rn;ittea on Un-A"tericon

Aot1Y1t1oe July?, 19~.

• 2 •

I

J\ftor the at~ilco Tmme <nd ro tUJ"ncd ond i n I)U intnrvic\1 >.1 th the Proj cot Director (of ·.;h i ch u at•nogrnphio' r~oord· "~• mndo) ncL,ittod t hat· ho had bean wrong in hie nctiona during tho etrikc, n~~\tted th~t ho hod gr'c~tly ( Xnggorntcd tho eoriouanoes of tho situation, und 'lckno\!l odt;cd thut h., wna wrong ~n lo~vin& hie poet of wty. To.uaund •n record prior to the etrilco hud b~on poor. That ruoord, tot;i>thor \<ith his conduct during t ho disturbo.nce oo.uaod tho Projcoot Director to usk f'or l1io r ,;si,:­nntion,

iU'tor Townsend rollliced th"'-t h'"' h:ld b~on disr.L1Dsod, he took tho course not infroquontl y foll~Tod by d1egruntlod employ<••· He pr "pnr od u long und nighly ~otiou~l etutw>Ont purportius to bo u do•cripticn of , conditions in th<> Poeton Cootor, This ho b rOjl<ioust throu(;hout the co\U\try. - onu copy ot..mt: into tht po1u&aaion of the ft'J.r Rtl oeuti ou .\u­thority in April 1943,

Tllia ""'"' at::.tooont fo .... od th, buie ol' th< tLstimony bvf'ore the. eub•cOl'Dinl.tteo . .Ia " mo.ttcr of t'-..ot , thoro is Wllpl& intc·rnnl ovi· donco in tho testimony i taolf tbllt Towneoud• a houriug b.:.fo1·o the Co.•­wi t t £Jo eonaistod eiruply of Towrllwd rou.d1ng tiiia pru!).'\ T..!d s t att:mttnt into t ho r ooor d with nppropri~to l~~din£ qucotions from ti~. to timL by the Como;,U.t to&•s invc• at i t:..tor. Tl;oru l\·~s no oroca-vxo...Um~tion, D.nd f..·V fJT"f statement , no mn.ttc.r how oluarl.y f,~ntast1c; \."U.S 'lCCCptod for tho rt:~cord at raCe va1u6. .

On JWlc 18, 1943, llil(..(ll thcJ aub-eol:unitto'"' viti t od th(l Poston Contor, t he Project Jiractor, hAving roviGw~d lo~tcvnd• s tGstimo~ , usk<Jd for the privil.::e;o of llUlking " etntomont on it t'or tho rcoord , Tho sub-commi ttoo rofueed to hoo.r him, h'e hnve, t hcr ct'6re, in tho intorost of prc..eontinb the: f act a l"ur tht,~ rc..oord, rvvic'.vod the tosti ­mony nt lon&th nnd propnrvd tho c.ttuchod IIUlTU>Ary of faltu 3t:lto!loYLts l!llldo by Townoond t ogotti<Jr with ~n outlino of th<. fucto o j' o11ch oitua­tion. All comments O!Jldo oa tho follO\<ing po.g¢o ur u tully documont e;d l.u tho r ocordo of tho 1;ar R<>loc11t ion .\uthori ty,

•.

r

l.

FALSF. S'l'AT:::.O::J'i'S OP i!Al!OLO H. l'O.Il!Si:JIO BE:'OS.S Trill ::lOUSE OP RF!'!!R­S&:ro'ATJV':S SUB-cc;ronEE OP THtl SI'I'C!AL ~Ooi'U'i'':'EE C!! :.'!1-

.u.cEi!JCAIJ A~tiVITIES, LO~ >U:Gta.ES, CI~Il'Od:llA, WAY 26, 1~4~, 2o00 P.w.

Paco 2

Q~<ostion o "!f«ve you a.v~r asrvod iu tht~ V'nitod Staten Army?"

Answcu· ~ "Yes . 1~

Quostlono ''Yihen?"

Answer: 1'1~10 . 11

Queation: "l>id you s6rvo in FriUtO.f' ?"

Answort "Si x non'ths ia Jo'rnncc. •

COIIIOCIIt

Recor ds or the ITar Oe"artue"t or mon nho aorvcd in the trnl t od Stat .. Arm:t c!ur'ine; the 1arit war contrlu DO r ocord of J.dHtary oor vlce by Harold tt . '::o'MlSClld , · Rooords of' tho Cllt'hr ?11 Compa,y, Tuha, OklMoum, ohow that To.msund l'JdS onployed. by tJu:d .. onnpt:.:ay as a ~up~r­intund•.nt or (J~<nrdo fron rinroh 1, 11117 to Ju.nuory 15, 191~ . P.oco:·Jo cJ' lho YMCh indloato that Townsend aorvod in J>rru>eo an 11 Y:!CA hut · worker aftor U:o l!iot war, trom i'ob•·uory, l ll9 to Aug~nt, 1919.

2. rr,e;o 0

Coc::annt

"Do thoy have k hospital 1o Pooto"?"

"TI~y have a very fino hoa?itAl , a va ry lart• hospital, r:\Odurn in eTer:J r!tr-pt:~t. L&ri• e:Jou..;h to t1A4Jle ap­proxil.lt.toly 600 people IU'Id 1a ucuall;t ruled •• .

Tho oftiolal rat4d oapllolty of I'O:ton l:eMral !loapit&l 1ft ~50 boda with 120 bedo uvaila~lf" t'or 0\)0\.lpo.noy. Tht~ a.v"rac,o ·tu.ll y co'\r.\ola ot' tho iloopit~l t'rn:n July, 191,~ to !Jay :il, 11143, la ~ivan t o tho fol­lodl>t tnblo . lht'l. "vern~o do.ily COl\OUn or f'&ti<>nt for t!ric p~rio ~ 1a 99 .1.

- 2 -

Patient Dll:f8

3 . Par;" 10

Comment

iu

July Aunuot Su!)1:<mbor October Uov~t:Jber

December ,ran..anry February March April '4ay

>!uepit.l

2?.85 2827 ~uos

3115 3~85

3107 3457 3157 ... 2913 2785 ?.'1'17

Duy~ 011i ly A v•r ar,o

'!3 . 7 ~1 . ?.

~6 .2 100.~ lOS . 5 lOt- . !) lll. 5 112 . 7

!<3.9 n .a SS.tS

''Do !'Olt recall how nuc~ rood \'"!):J Ct')l\tJ '.&:nod do.ily?"

"ire, b"J ac·~oou!l.l C\JU~lt, su.p;>lled 58 tone ot eub31:Jt.enc.,

per oay . 11

Durl.\t the nonth or :>,.oonbor, 19·12 -- tho la.at oonih 'rthtn Cr .

To'Wnooud was on dut.y at 't:J'..o projoc t -- the o.vorat'' quo.ntity or .roo'l

delivered to evao· . .ute tnEss halls wac 27 tons J.H)t' Jn.y. ·rhc: OVIlcueo

pc;>ulution in the center at lhat tl...,. ~"" aprroxil.ato>ly 16,00:> .

;1, Pago ll

~nation:

An::rwera

Coi'V:\Ont

"?he a.:aoun"t. ot tho food end tho ~po ot rood ••• det.,~r­

:ninocl by tho \IRA i:1 l'taahint;tons 1::: that corroot?"

Ourinr. the reriod whor. llr. Tol<tlsea~ \lllG on <l~>ty ... ~ tho Poato·>

Relocation Crnter, •~porviaion ov<:t u.o rcq~.;hitionin.:; of food by the

ool\t.&r waa axerciaod Uy thtt re;-;-ional otfico oi' t.~o UAr hrlu~ation .\u-

\

thority in Sc.n Franoluo9, C~lli!"or:u.~. Sinoo JMUI\l'y_. 1 ~43, all.1ilAr •

cuporrioion l.aa boW\ oxcrcio~d br tho r:aah lug con 01'fl oa.

5 . Paljo 12

)lr. Totmao:ndt "Ti\"c, information that wa3 t'J..rnished mo by cwrtain

friondly broupe waa that tha,y had plaood ditror<nt

ty-pde of uoorr:ouoy l'ood in Jeortrt ovll&ra u.nuor t h'

mc ea hLlll a for tha invnsion nrm.loo ancl pAraohute

Com.ont

- : -trooporo . But in addition to that U1~ had lar&e oaeltee or to\)d throughout thf'l df~lort, buried, that oo•lld be ueed for ol:u.lar purpo:oa. t.nd this int~r=­tion "HAS furnishc.d by f'riundly Japt.nl)b0 \l~O "ern on­dcavortnt; to get spc.oial favor a, nud WGI w. r · .. consttm~ly l.ryin& to f i nd out whnt wuo ha;>ponil'\& to ocrt!l; r. sup­plios, and w;, a lways hod u. nwn'bHr o£' .To.p,,rtLDIJ th~t would gi v~:.~ us iu.forn!l coion f or un dxohangt: o r favor~ ."

Tft.ia trtory ia cnti.r oly without founda tion and o:tzls ncVvr- nat:­tiooed by llr. Toworcnd durin~ the t il•• tte v.u onploy~d at Puston . It is iopoasib\~ that the ~vaeu&os could havo otorod f~od under thu dce~rt cond.ltiona at Pocton in a ~"'lor to prea"rvr 1l nwr u thru:t " r~w dtly::; .

G. Pa§O 13

l!r. To'Y.:naenda "At n~rous ti:t&a we: ht.j t.\Oco t~~~voa t:a..t£ht, &nd prO<lucc..d trvidtnce antl i:li"orm&..tion abQut the proco~a of the c.~tire thloviot: r ing. Tho >.>~ttor wao pluco<l boforo !{r. 8:1pifl, end lfr. Ht:.&Ad, and ttr . Ct:slvin, and the u. P. aut boritic;,s, a..,d i t r:aa Al'.'YO.)., stopped , bo ­cauce thoro \\·lla no "'a:! t ha t they could !'lee tl"~t ::e Wo>uld be bonof i tcd b;r try1n.; to prococu~<> th•" · V:o ~hon ost41Jliohod .. dlli~y loac or ,.pproxl .... >toly $&0Q throuub tito thefts within the ou.m:>, rla. l :,), wa.:s t,gr cod upon by a.ll df us , wu\ o voal o.t t.hal.. they 'I'.'Ot.lrl not tl\ko u.ny fiCtion to:o:ardo pror:ocution."

Co..,ont

Recorda of tho Poston Intorno.l Srouritv Offloc ir.~icata. that Mr. Town a end 1:111do onlY th.rco co::~.pla1nta a~-.t· ' ;h-at ho co;1sid'lred i 1-lo~;a\ aotlTitioo withio ·tho proj<>ct "run. Onu wu concornod >lit h tho t~ct th&t property ot" an avo.cut..o \IAa JUcaint; tro:J. a olflp::.un~ r .. ~oived troa the S~Unu , California Aoacmbly C..nt" . Another ha~ to do> with throe amall Japo.nooo bo;ra pl~i.n;; hldo-41\d-oook in llr . To><.nson:l' • car . Tho third hnd to do ni th an cvnc.toc. aeourin0 acrnp lWillx.' from the aalTaso dopot vrlthout autho>rl:atlon.

7 . Page lG

QueaUon,

A.nawor,

"Wao th& food thnt you anrvod to the JapAnooo at Poaton u t;ood or bc.ttor thllll thut being aorv<d t u tho Army?"

"It W4U superior in every way . .... # ••••• •

•

- ·I -

Collllnent

Food at Poat.on Wd.s 'o.nu is rt.quis\tioood thro'.l.,;h t.hl!l flu .. rt,-.. r­ra.utor Corpu. In quality it is e1.uo.l to or loltcr th~1 th-.t C(lrvt<l e.t -.training cL"!t?S a.nd ot:~er Array c~ntere. In ttuanti f:j• it 1. .. aub­atant1 .. Uy 1eao tho.n that ,.-ovidod by tile Ar"'Y us • v1dono~J l.o;r th" ration cost, which has not oxcceded 451 per pur&O:I p~r U~.

8. Palle 17

Quo;:t1on: "Uer e the Japu.nesa =~rve-d icG cr._,._, o.t foct.ont"'

Anavort

Co:u·u.nt

"ros, ~i r, wo had ice crcac br oubht ~o ue uv~ry uay froo the Golden Stato Cr~UQCry Company.~

\lith r egard to this State.rncnt. T/v hO.VO th$ fO}lO'Wi.n( Cl)f:UY.nt aubmittod by lJr . Joo A. , PfJtto. who hu.s n ~rv6d ao Analst •. tt c .• 1: f Stowa.rd ~t tho Po!lt~n Contt.)r sinco .Tu.:lc , llJ42J

9. ""~~" 17

''JJo icc cre:lr.l h•.1.s ovor h:>L.n purohaocd l.i t.h fOVtiTIURC:.ut fU.nds for Avacuc.oa. leG cr.C9.t" r.;et.riVuJ 4lt J'I.Jtlt.On in pu.id i'or in ono ot th~ follottin&, wayo :

11 1. It is puroha.sod by th~ 0011Muni1..y :::t.or uo lH:in~ uvao.lutsc f'Uilds , for rt: .. ao.lo t o •.vnouor .. n.

' 12 . Srn.nll f)Uanti t iu:J -;rCJro purcho.nc.d uooaci.onull!f for tho por GO!U'Nl r:u.:es during t!t1: wnut~r ot 1942. The p!Jrt:onnol ;r.cao in opt~ro.tt.J 41.0 a t;ovc,rnrJcnt r..er.ro , und .i.tc f.Xponc c. c nro J a.1d by onplojeos . "

Quoot1on• "And milk?"

Anawort "L!ilk ordora TWl frou d,OOO to 12,000 quarto of llo:IIO­guniu.d mi~lc ••vury day~ •

Ullk reooivod at tho centor has n6v~r ~Aco~U~ d 8 , 000 ,uarta daily. 0&11Yor1oa roacbod this J'iturO d~ring part OJ' ~Ocab~r 1942 and January 1943 •• • r ocult of incr~ut>d rcq'--list t1one outhor1ao4 by liT. Townaeod vithout oonoult1nt th£ Frojoot St~•IU'd.

'

- 6 -

Tho eurrc1at contract co.l l" t or :l'lAxiam deli veri's of G, 204 quru-t c doily 1 lu.t tJv:rc 1c &.11 a•:roo:-to\t ...-\.ttl \~,. v •.s,dl')r t hat dc­llv~o.rloe to tht. c t...nt..t.r c.;.n.: cout1;,tc.~\t upon t hv m.c~s ol' rlllitetry oe ­t.abllchnr-nto ill tlot.. ure_. .'U~d urotl t.Jw t•rq liT-.!1\(.: It & Of otlu r OOJlYU.,, r1 . Thu v<:nJor ltae r lct;:t.lJ n:;, t;ifhJ t...,u o ... nt,Jr th!l.t dolivr rics nr ., l ik. ­l y to bo> rvdue~d dractic~ U y ill ~hu nour t'uturc. .

10. P"G" 17

Quootion: 11 :\nU hutt\o,rT''

l l.

Anr.war :

Co!1WOnt

''ric h!ld tho 'l'iw.,t. ,;rn.tle ot Cho.llenso butte r a..1d uth<'r high- t;rndG buttr.r tlwt we coul d buy.

On Janu..ry 28, 1~13, tnt · ;,t r P.~bc:.tio:t A-.;thority in•tr<~ct.<J &11 OCilt(.1T8 to discontl!tU.) t.!af) pur c.h"'lt~ Of butt.:r t.etd to tUb3litutc o l • Ot.\Or_;c.rtn~. t .ht:al po!ut r oti,.,'lint: o·t ..,~ut:l t ':ld f at!> was .i !l1t1d.tOd on U'\roh 9 , l~(~S, tht .. r .. otr iotion on t.het purohuo~ oi' but tur -.m:; Uftod, with titc pro-.lGt> tbo.t tTio o.>nditiono r:tust bo m:•t: ( 1) tht.t tho r< gulnr civil in.~ o.llo\lonco or: ltl polnto pnr week for mcuto !llld f:uta ehould not b<~ oxco~d,d; Md (2) t .... t iu thco <> v•. nt of civlliun Dttorttlf:O&, butter pw·oho.:J .. ,I tJ~\oulO b.., dlt1 )Ontinu~..tl . ThrOUf,.h Otlt· t.~.ic t ntirr. ,.,ori,.,d, tht. P.os~Jn C(...nt, .. r h'ao cor.tL lut•U to uo tJ ~JlH'IC.O.l"(.Ul'irttl bOOQil09 of ita loner r Oltion point 'V<I lU~ onu lowor cost.

Poco 17

QuGotiono

.\niWOl'l

Quuotlono

Anfi'tiOr 1

Quuetiono

o\1\IWOro

COil*lnt

.. tf!;LS thuro pltnt)' Of m( t.o t UlU.l 83.US£l):i.:. of ull kiudG au.ppliod?"

....

"T:to flu <.st cuta anct &J:'Ud' .\ twnts; qu:1rtors and tull c:trouacvo or :tul.ba ttr.:l porl.., und t ht bt..at cuts ur •x ... r wt.ro broucht in; ou :1n :.vura~<· of" one- r ctrigurator car t1 ds.y."

"I b<;l :r.vo you otu ~vd . ho.t . 11 of it w:~s of th• v <:ry b«: a1: crnduT"

"Thn finCJnt [;r&c.lto th.'lt "' o O"'uld t.:t . "

"Wua tho i:l'"l" o1' f:uod \lnttcr th11n thto.t ohtol...ed by our ovtu citiH•r,o 1n tho ~.u-kotn .md atorcoT"

"V••ry 111110h butl.<lr than you O!l.u bo1y in til~ opu11 llll\rkot. •

Uoata procured "t I'Oaton ami othur r e location ocnt•ra hno tOll­orally boc.n 0. s. C-.croial (tllircl) ,r .. do or lower. Aa a .... ttcr ot

- G -

pol i ey tht.~ ',lfa.r Roloc.a~ion Authority avoiUo P"To-:ur·:rnt.~ t of CO!"'..110di t it..s

kt10'.'Ill . to bo sca.roe in tho m.'\rkots. wher e puroh::t::H s atr u Dll'ld". In Hov.l:tnbc. r, 1942, volunt5ry m':ltlt rtl.tioning \vas i11t rvduc,~ d i H tt.c. SlY. ~t~cstC'ra ct.Jntors.. Th i :J ~rogr~ \'IuS c:ci.~,ontl t.. d to t~t. four ~hEtor:-t c•,nt n · in Jtl!\UUi'J, 1943. All mA'ld,rtor~ ra1..ioui..'1~ ro str iotioH~ .:,f tho or~·i~\

of Pric<' A.d."ldni str utio:1 o.rc hel ng •..n.J l.nvt: bt. <m A:'J>l i c.:<.i1ut f). l l o·~at<. r o .

12 . PtlgO l~

Question:

Ansrrcr : "Sir?"

Que stion : " Hhnt w.:..s dono with t h·. r;arbllt;t'?'1

.\nsvtor1 "It Af\S· tr~k~t: rl. -- wr, \'IOal d load i~ ont o L:C]UipiiF'Ht D..nd dig di to: \C. !J :::nd thl·o~' . it iJtta t l.c.. t!i tohoo n:~d ..:ovur :t t:.? ·"

Ql..lo stionr "Whol.t h(lpp!S'lt>d with t··<Jf •. rcuc~ to t h ·) i d «..u. or l 'Cot. t.liu.~ it to tht' hogs'!"

;,..,sv.·cr: "Up until· JJ.atWtry 30th tl:.or~... wo.s t:?thin~ dtmu t l t ttll. 1\Uout Januo.,·y 30th ifu.&hiu~toa r.·rot o -:.h-: Uiroc tor c.:1d 4Sl..L.d hic t. h ow ll!lny ho~~a t.hoy hHd "CO U:";!J Lht. fl or 10 tont'l of c;u.rbllgo tho.t. wo had in t:'Lo oa:np, tmd ,.,(' 1\:.a.d been out tryin~ to buy nogs, 11nd \;o haJ cv··r:;- hoc in oouthvrn Californin--t hrour,h thio srurte r;-ou9 thut w·\o building thie ~?.5,000. 000 .:orpor o.tion, -..;c hnd uv· .r y ho;; furm c.nd eve ry cuttl'~ f ,ura t rlbwl'l.tud, !Ua.rl ·.-.u ~:n •nt rtll t ho hogs fJ.Vu.i l ""bl ,; , eo h tl ho.d t.hi 3 !10~ ;1~u chc.ck t ho ho,;o, ami nt the t.i m.: t.hc l cttr.r ''ilia r .:Jcuivc-!1 t hr r~ \':').~·n t t. ';l

hog in tn<· ow.1p . 'i'h .._~, 'tht~n, "d thou.-t !l."'l!f lalo\tl,. :l..:l• on ' tho pur t of t hr, aupply tlc purtu"'C.r,t, ordur·•.d in 2QIJ 200-

pl)un!.l hocc~ r.~.nd tht..y c..ntn/c.r· .... d T.:1zhint;ton by t olling tn,m t l\n t . ,.;._ n -.tl :lOll hor;• .

"I woul d lil:o t o onlllrg<: n littl o bl t up~!l ti\Qt . If you kno"' 'ln:rth.in::; ubout 'orn, :JO'J. know yo'J. \!Ot.tl cil1 t w~t to

... ! sto.r t foe ding 200- powtll hot;:~ . 'they C.l''' r t..udy l'O r t htJ m'".r-• kvt. Thoy bouc.h t 2JO 200-~lOWld hogs :.11hl pttid ~5 centc o.

pound for th•da . The.. IHir.\C lu.r d of ho,~s, o.n liatoJ in th() market, could hov!l b.ltJn bou;:j\ t f.or 17 ¢'ntc ·1 pound , anU th ... y \tc-r o ho r:s thl1t wu .• ,or o cou sitl(..rln.; tl{,vinF. for butch<.r­ing ror pork. 'i'huy \ {t;.T U t oo old to Uc hu.mll wd J'? r .f\u:dors: , Qlld tho.t orrlt·r d~0\4ld. hl\v13 honn tor ho~;r: t.:\U.t.. !'Ioul d h,r/e oont ~10 or ~15, to r c.Jd t h.., ;;~bucu to , i:a~:t\J8d of ra:rins 25 ecnta 11 pound. trow thuy hi\VO t hio aumbur of Hogs d~"n tho r~J, wv1gh1n~ 300 or 4 :.JO powtd:r, •lnd t.hJJ !l.r o :tot f it for Dllytl\11\f\ oxoor;t lard ••

·.

I

'

·'

•

- ? -

!);J.r!.ng Uoeca.ber- 1 19oi2, flltr~u~.Jrt toP. gcne~~ol poli~y ndopted by t :ta · .. t~r Ftelocat.ion Aut:lority on Dcea:t~~btlt· :}, 19 42, ste:ps \\'Orn t nkan tu &Gt &bli ... h a swJ r.tl projoct. Cit tl,a Iodton Oor.t~n· . Th!·oe bun!.! red p::.ce -t:e1·e 1>ur etsscd J'anut!ry 1~ , 1c;.43,, 1n aec:>t'dllJtC·O w\th st.o.nd8l'd eo .. tl';'r.mDnt.e.l m·ocurf:'!\!8nt 9!' e>oodu:.·o. T:""oe pi~a avoraged 145 pounds aach. Since then, 325 more ?lC.s , a.veraglUG 115 r ounds each , have. been pu.reh.b e:ld. All .-.e:-a 'g:l..rb:l(\e broke , d'luble vecc inet~d reeder p1£S .

((.uostion:

i\:\SWOl:

A.nswcr :

" lli-. Tovnscnd , how uenr worehousea did you soy 'i'lero under ycur J•u·i atliction .at PoPton?"

Tbar o Wflro 90 ""'liehou&o.s on the ent1ro project , including siT. at t he ~L~ke~ ra1~~ud .

Answer;

Q.t.1e::.t1 (')D:

;'\nswor !

Co:runcnt

"2700 , I bali"ve, in the - - non , wo.it u minutel la tho l':&rohouses, no. I thir,k th&'l'tJ woro--" ·

'1Jm cp;u-o:c1t~~.at1on will bet all r1 t.ht ."

'''l'h\lro ?:ero OCO J"epune~e and 4 ,omtto aup3rv1sors i n the weral:o•u;os ."

Tbe waxtmun number cf Japr~aco ~ver to bo employed i n t~e were­hoUB""tt "';,a ~00. 'l'hey wor" employed dur1ne t~e rtont.h or Docernber: 194-2 , Clnd 1\iet:ribtJ.t ed c.o follov-'o :

Unlt No . 1 1:!.3 Unit No. 2 l C? Unit No . 3 60

I

-C-

15. PI'~" 2~

r.t>· , Townoot\d : "flo, , us Cor tho furniture , or eource , tho Poston do­vr1 opmont inclu:les e very m.o.rvo1.ouD Cnuonttirm pcrnon-­nel ccnt~r . Tho ;>len oho,.o.! 51, b>oclorn b-.Ulsalor•o, end

Co:n:1ent

t .... ·o;dorrnitortes , tlu:on atoricP, on\l for Homon al\1 ono for 01on , ond tho adminis tntion ho:ots , th.lth wo\ll.d coat (nlll('fthcre beh:ecn fii'teon and tvi'Ont.y t.bour3.nd dolltt·s . ThOl'O \\Ol'O to be four of t .. \UDI 1 Ond 0 holUUful f"rk o.r1111 , .Oth llllinl>dng poolo , end •o forth , And tllin, furni turo Ms ;>Uroheaud >'or thet p<U'JlOIIO , to f.urnish those . It """ All b.:>•>Ght tree &rl:er Brothars, and 'tho pr1con on it. were not rou~onablo . They "rP vtxr-1 t \'•11' h.lch in conaiderntion of the .. 1\Y , ..,1\Y ea.rloods . T'o wot hove h&U , oh, at lout 20 carlO!Ido or that t~ or C\lrniture .•

Qtartoro prcvidad for the ru!r.dniatrativc atarr "t Pootcn include eJaht fo\ll'•room co~tlaeo built <luring tho in.l.t111l ronotn1otion period • by tho Jlr~ ; twuntr-Zour l.ouoekoopin;> apo.rtl.>ento of trom t"' to s ix rooms .In onu- •tory bo.rNcko-typo buildi ngn of t cmporllry constrnction, oimilar to t hu th•otr u-of-oporations co»str uetion fow'ld throu~hout the contor; and 158 r~o.~o oi•o 7 x )4 toot 1n lJarrl\okn·t:'pe dol,.itorios , Earll barraclto domitory contains a bnthroou and from ~en to tlrolw roocs .

Thl'rO &l"O no thror. -storJ bu:Udinna , indlvidunl. od.Jdnictr,tiou h~o other then the .\rr:.y ,

no 110'1orn bW1£Ulowo , ard no tho eif:ht cotweca buUt by

In oeco>-d&uco with tho c.ustroru-.1 fD'Ilctico in J>UblJc or private projects in •u..h ioolat.xl loentiona aa Poston, otaff (l\I:U'tora arc fit­ted with o"'ontial f\lrniture. Furniture for tho qUilrtoro at P1>aton """ not. all purchoood !roo B.U'ltor Brothers, but in !net '""" DUaur«< troa a number ot vendor a , ohio fly in Los A nee loa "hero the purch4ooa wore """'" by tho Oftico !or E ·or coney li.UlAt;emOnt.

All ototr lliOCibors PllY ront to tho a<m>rmont based upon the SitO end cho.rnctOl' Of dCCODJ:lodtlt.i ODB furnished ,

c ·0}}6-plo-l!U· COS•IIl'

f

- 9 -

16. Page 22

Q.ueotion : "In eC41tion to tho rooC storod tn the warohllUBtJe, wbat olne wes utol'ed th-:~re?"

An£wor: "Tbere 1.•re sappUoa and equipment. or every conceiveble type in the numerous wor&ltounes . The c.o.c. had aont tn hundl.·ods of corlocdo or miscollenaous oQuipmont .

Coot..nt

We had wo.rehouaoa thr:t t:e covcd the stl.lff into und loe~ed up . tn~ they hadn't beon op,ned tor montO•, be-

~ oeuse 1~ 'i'ID3 just reisoollftneoua oquipoont. We lUdn't know wnut it wos.~

ThO C1•r1lien Conoervotion Corps ~es n<>t shi?pe4 1n hundrode oC carloads or mlGC&lleneoas equipm>nt. It is o$timat•C that two (2) ciacellanooua carloa4a (100,000 pounds) 11'Duld bold nll tho surplus item~, such ae toolo. The 0.0.0 . autor.otivo equipmont that h~e been recotvod cld not axo• od , ut tho moot, ten (10) corloods . All waro­houaoa o..re o-poned a.1d inspoct.ec! roe;ulerly in the ordinury eoureo ot business.

17. Pase 24

Wr. Townsend.: " ... . .. 1'ber- there ia another t.h1116 thnt. occurs t.o Gt . ~a· ~ore Tery anxious to set school buse s . We brough~ 1n -- wo hBd 400 te~chor, · · · ··"

Com::~ont

Elsowhero in th~ toott.ooy (page 34) Ur . Townsend s t atoo tbat tboro a re t~ Oaucasion terchers and 200 or more Japunose toDohore . In rc>ct, 6n Ouco,.~or 19, 19~2, there ...,,.. ZO:l touchOra In tho Poeton schools: ~~ ... ra C8 ucua1an &ru1 1.20 Y:ero 1epaneao.. TheN figures include nbt only elo~ntory end aecondory teachers , · but al so the Diractot- or !duoP.tlon, tht"OG t•ish eohool prinl11pals 1 one elomontta-ry Princ~pol, end twelve othlr auporvisory odu~tlonal perao~el .

18. Poe• t5

Qnoatlonl

Anewor1

"Going bee~ to tho r l oot ~t dum~ trucks boughl 1& Los ADgeloa, 4o, you recall t.ha nar:o ot tt.e fira those trucks uere purcbb&ed tro~?"

"I think· f t II'UI Finkel otoin . Fink<>lotoin 1o MOther one or tbo 111<1n4lors tb•t "" bouoht hundreds or th0Wian4a

-10-

of dol:.Ju'o o! e'Jui,.,C:'It !'TcJt -- t!lir. nm o£ Hnkolat.Pin, ' "nd 1\l , 'I>Y~ t.:u~r~ 'O'.l!l " kkk-be.c!< tn th~ r.o o•='lr.:cnt np­

rls"·nt..ltivf't . ~~

Ar.s..cr:

Question:

''He i a ho7<: 1 ~'t:l . "

"Ia t•ut i>is fim ur.mc?"

"Hnl.u\r. toin urr< Cor>~!lAl\Y '· onb or tuoso big cnl ·tog•• eom­p:lnt .. as .. ''

No t c'ttc!cs .o i · .ll'IJ' lci:vl \\'tirO ;:urchllced tr; th~ P~ston Cont~r iror.> Finkclnt oin . ·

19. !'ago )l

~c~ti'ln : ·

(!ucotion:

Qt•oetio":

MS:'ICI' :

Co:=rnt

''I 41\\c:~d :rou_. "«::trc lil .. :"(V ~1' the- Jaboi on the !nt(rn:".l poUeo fo:·ee?•

11Y\ltJ , o lal•g.J nu:tbG1' o~ tr.c.:n t:0':"G . 11

"Thf\3'" t"OM~SfJ~ tlt€'1 :;o-c.lll~d eovn SC"\t...tc\s t.i'\\t ync. ho.vo l'eful'l"lld ·to?"

"Yod 1 ~ir. '.iho ;--cH.co ioreG TJ'" l.a.r3')1,;,• hU:llt \If' of t ho P"•'l"t.n~> , tle I b1J.vo cnllcc.l thee., bc:cauco tltcy t.oll you tlbt"t'lcy l.e.w tro~ncd uior tbu G·'"''n ~li<:'lt• , t:>.l they r'Cr, , in ""Cf ottt:U4.!l~;..on, +,h(l a~on t.,_1t. <er.) '<~ lt:v o! tho !13JJ.<'1.Mt~ l>Ott!Y. ")> ""' ...11 tbu ..... u.,~oue a.:it-tlon in th~ (' .. -.:.r, M11\\!.Jit "!.he. 1."'Cl.'\CO r~rce ,"'uJ.d J'Ot pc>:-ai:t n..v Lt~vl'-:. Am.:ricw.n .. l-ot·~ J. ;--~"-3"! ~~ t.'\.'-0 y:s..,.t, 4JOe ... ueu b" fllaht o:-pocc c- ot" the•: umcr-e?Vo::- ..,ric."

At tb ... tilne cr Mr. TOrll'..l(IO; I c rrooc:>cc ir. l'cston, tho~ roro thr<le OVllOUC') Offic~r• 1n Ch<U'tl Of t:,h pnlicO t\<.~<r~nto ~.n tho ~I>N~ uni'l;e, All of th.)m;. M:'l rorf lf1o~~ .. , or J'.r.tOl'·ic'\lJ-ll(.lr:y~r'lctn"'-cduef\t.M J1po.nt~:e . Tho ofi':J.coro 1'11:0 na~iet•·d tb<m wid •,ho_Jlo)J.: ~he r:,mlt of CaJ:tuin c.r Liout•nrnt in tho loco\ roliov ':lll!"ll"tm~nto r.oro •11 Ja~ol. J ,• OII.MftOj onJ.y em of t hoeo b~ uvur tooor. 1,o J n)XUl at, v.ny tlJIV• , This 1'11\ n h<old tho .ran!: 9,f Ctlpkin in t ha J'Olioo dnpo.rtmo•ct of Unit '1\'IC' r.rld h1u loyal• t:y and ability ITUl"O \'llql\llM.1onnbl.o , ,\ fel'l Kil>ci ,..,1'., \.axon :ln to or.eh

O-O}~·Pl2-BU-t09-WP

I

...

-ll-

nf tho polieo dur.artmonta as patrolcon, particularly bocnuso of thoir ability to sp<~alt Japancao an! to dual ~th oemo of tho oldc.r c.vaeuoos Tile Md c'ifficulty ualeratcnding Et~.l!sh , Thone non r'lre !)icked vury em·~ fully, c..'1d thoro hac novur br.on any indication that any of thom woro itwolvod in t.roublomakin:: or nubversivo activitioa .

As to tho tostkony rtJgardir.a tho C..rt:an tl'<\i;rlnt; of any of the yotms mon er.ployod as polieca~cn in Poston, !f.r , l:t'l'lcot L. Miller , Director of Police at Poston, roportr. that 11 onch infcrm.. .. t ion has never boon for-mrdod to mo and ! l>.:1vo to dato soon no prsctioe nhich toould ilxlicate any ouch trainlJ~g . I miaht add thnt, having ~pont soao aonths in Gert:>acy 1n 1936 and surveyed Nazi police practicoR, I am thorot~ghly fnmil i3r 1'1ith Gormnn metho:ln of trninin:: o.nc\ mannori cms , mld I havo novor sean eny ovidcnco of ouch trllininc er contcct ntJOil[; any of tho Japanoeo in Po3ten.•

20 , PACe 33

Quoction:

Qu!lation:

Anar.or:

Coanont

,

''l':ho is tho hoed ot tho oouotition dcpartr.tcnt nt Poatdn?"

"Do you know !Ul1thin4 nbout llr . C~ry's bsckg;round?•

"Yes , Mrt Cary am moot of tho Ceucnnillll :.taff 110ro ·1mportod from Honolulu, and ha r10o tho pri nci p(ll of the lofoKinlcy Hith School thoro . 11

Out of a total of oig:tty - thrco Cnucnoi11n oohool porAonnol at Po•ton, four (incluling Dr. Ca~·) wore )ll'Oviouply (Jtorloy<>.1 in Honolulu •

C-0;}6- Pl}-Eu-OOR:Wp . . .

·.

U -n

:n. rage )5

llr, Tormsond: ""oll, Ill: , Ce:y an:! his nssbt:lnt, l.lies --

Co=ont

h~r 1wn~ bas sl.ip~ "'Y rund -- they dr ew up thn pl.o.n of e<lucatlon e.lltl pnt into ot~!'eot, ::.nd th:., te:xtboo:<s wuro ordorf:(l ...... ptu:t of' thon1 w ro shippoo in .:'1'om Honolulu and ,art of tbom were ordor od t~rouch tho School !lr>s.rd i n Lee Aneolcs, nnd t hen a numb),. of t.hom were st:curod from vnri ouo othor school• thr?ughout southern C~liforni:>. , They rroro disc.ll'dod •chool books thnt. t:o nero tLa'cod to go out and pick up, and I hod a lottor from t r. C~l")' n::ldng co to ~:lcl: up toxtbooks fro;> at l~a•t 'ir,ht 'or ten dli'fo1·ont ccmrr.W tics around Cal.i!ornio: •

Tho first. ordorc for textbooks r;ore t.•kon f r <>m the official. textbook lints used in t he :indi an Sorvicr. . Shortly after Christl!lllo, the v:o:t r.one olonrod to p~u·ch:.so to:ctlx>ol:s through tho loco.l prorw'Cmont office, All to:ctlx>c lio usod o.ro stfll\dlll'd tnxto, un~d hy our Azoorico.n public ochcolo , "nd j>rin tcd by roputable print.inJl houses, Noaa or t ho tc;;tl:><>oko " "" oocurcd through t ho Lon Aneo:l.oa uchool 1\'.lthori tion , i!o t •:»tbooko v·crr. shipped In from Honolulu. F'iftjr thousand textbooks r.oro dpnat od to tho school3 by t T.\Ilvo C1:.liforal.a school dintriotn .

22. PAgo )9

•Tho Ch..\irmtln :

"The t:itnou:

•tl.a thoro v.ny !=educe r d ov:! arowld tho camp and usod tboro~u

TbOre r.ean' t ;hen I l oft t hero , If t!1cro ,.,.,, it,... put in ~cro cincO,

-1~-

::::n :lddltiOl\ tro ,prGl1tCt~ h•,!'voctoU nnd us~d n·cn lHl~Ol'lt!··two 'lCrGa fAr.Ded t~!thin tho ro::i dont~::a..l block:; botwJf:IJl tba b'lJ.'t''10lr31 thC'ro .'lore e9, '120 poundo ot V\Jtet.ob:otJ ~n.-ve:Jtell o:t t:ttJ ,erMGG C..ln~oocl 'by tho /~rieu.ltu.'t't\1 l.li 7ioton up •o j'en~U>r,{ 1, 1943. Sj.nco tha t t1•1Q , o.crl cultur o.l product.ion t-JJe !)uon lncl·onced so thnt on :uno L, lt)~3t

t~.ero was a t otal 0~1 2~11 "cror baiDt, rn.m .,,d iu at'::ltt1o~. to t:'.o hOrJt\SG 111 tllo blocks . Tho Juno t!rot report -;},o··F& n t':l·i.e.l of IJC118\..G tJ('Ua~s

of oixtoen l.itf&l'Ont typo• or VO(lO~ub1os bb.r;eotod by U.o •:::ricul tllnl dopart:nen t . ·

:t.!.011. ?t tilo lrot b3.lt et J ~. Tcrns~u:;O':.. t estirony !D ~f"Y~ttll to a. 1~1-l t:.!lf\ ~shattv-. cb::cr!pt:.o4 or t"Jh::.t -:or.:use1:.d eo.lls Q riot at Poston Center chu;in"; tltu 110r i(,d :'"rdl Novcaber 15 to Novccbor ,4, 19<2. de. ~:~tntcs th~"; gC'venm:~n:tt propcrt:· Wfto destrored: 'tl".et a v1~lont r.;Ot. took pOG59CSi~ Of ~he oe~te~, tbQt the 11~08 ott~ A~in1otra~1V) port~.onn~l lieru et:d"C.ItO•"'ed , e te .

t. m:mbor et l\io /IJ»C1t1c ut'ltc:not.ts are d~s.:..t wHh in oot.nU bel cr.t . Howovc.r , it ahou.l.U bo pointacl 011-t th.'lt tt:.el·t \t:. o no rio~ 1'1~

Poo~on, no violonco or do:.t t•uot.ion ()f ' r;ovm·m1en+; p.:Opil .. ty , nnd 1.0 :u- t\.1

t o Caucoa!en Elmi)l.oyeeo or thoir ~M!lf(,)a .

C'ruar I et Pvst o:l oxpor1o"lcu1 during t :te !l'Cr iod ~n f'"!U.alltJ.<'In n. al t-dovm str l!:e , oeccnpan!•4 by n 1ar.:ouotrrtion and ~rt'rlot11l(:a ~t evncuaq 't"1Jprosentativcuf. Th.i..o ~;rs l'\0~ o. unlt!::td prc., .. J'r.pttr:6•.;.~ OC'\"tlltan~ ra l":t-. Ttr.neond heo ropr.,eo"'ltod. D\ r r.ct, CI'Lpo If anc;. 1:1 ~.or~ ia no l':ay atrcetGd by th.l i:lcidect . Only a ;>.31"~ o~ ~he r.ctiv l";lel ot C~.p I ~•oro suapond!ld by tho lltrilco . Sceoat1ul cer.iC(:& nE.tr o r . .:dn~t:\ed, cnl w~tle tt~u 'Wfta cont'tdcra~lo tenae"Wa• tor a t1L.o :.- !P,, r~-!'tiC'ns t.l­twJo~ e~~c~3e& acd tbo ~~iniot:~tive a~rr over tha gr:~»CO$ wb'c~ wore in qucatio!"l , tte~ ""-3 no vto:f'lc.:e ~r diecu·d3r .

b'l:lod!atO C3.UG3 Of the strikO ~d dcmonat.rstiO""'. W:\8 ~}~O cr:-... tt ot two evacuoes t~uupo:"ed ct huvinc boater.. otho;: e·;t~c"JOetJ . Loocle:oe or th"l s triki:c« evacueoa !noi&t"''O ":hut tht• "t\·10 hl!'l d wvro i!l!locor.t, t:ll\t t hoy were lJ.e lG. MOre t h.o.n covont;;- t ··to boura withO\l.t chnra<Je , t nJ tl.&.' t tho~,. ~ho.tld ~o g!.vftn a t rit \ vndor thu roJtulct1on!l ot tho 0('t:.:.w:.1t:/ Council. Ac~ually, 1~ t ;o jud~or~t or c~~d~ont Ob6~~·r~ wlo Lav~ i~­voot1gatod tho "trl ko th,roughly, ,;ho pro~oot a~·c.ut t ho nr·r1•t ot t ho two ovaeut~oe wo.a morely tho i n:.nndint e Q41U:o· or t h& d i.;tUl•banoo whiuh ho.d ih origin in many eaucu, or.•ooc tho:n uitterne ou roru.it1;.r, i"rao C<OCJ• at i on; 1naUl1t y or t hu Authori~lt ~o provido ccllo<>i build1ngn , 1\outill(', e tD"'oo to1• the bt.noaoku, • nd <'t hor r ou111t1Jn ·,Jhi oil ~~ boon prClllit' od c.t tho t1ce ot oYaoua't;1c:1 1 tl"U~ttrat1o~ r .ul,;,ltilJc :rc;.m t.:Oo d1.~oa:u'':ll:.·to ot

-13-

eel!tp life, a,ld s!mU.ar eauaos. Aa,itat1on by octual. pl.'o -Je'!)Q.Daoo roroonn

WlY b:vc contributu(. , but tnoro ia no evidence th'it 1t :n.: a part1cu.­

lerly 1mpo1·~nnt raotor in tho incieent.

l'ath rog:u'd to th> ponQU~nel Nport ot the etri!:e ;;rorcntcd by

t:r . Towneond, tho tollow1ng st'\t&mont """ aisnod br oixt:·-one ~:oyc.o.e

and m"lubars ot ampl<"Y9C11 1 ter..il!oa who l 1 ved e t Poe ton Csm7 I throughout

tho otrUe: '

11 iio , the u.nderoignod, oro 11v1c.g in Poston, A.:.-!zona

in ~rr~cka or houaoa prov1de1 by tho sovor~ont ror tho

adrJ1n1otrot1vo •tatt emploJed hy the Colorn~o Rivbr •ar

P.alooat1on Project . Th6no ~uarters ~ro locat~d in Block

:H or tJnit l , >~hioh 1D ir:a1de tho ca- pouud ot tho Colorudo

R!ver >ar Rolocat1on rroject. Wo tuzthor cor~1~i th~t wo

\Vere oeeupy1ng thoau qllf'.l't::trer in trovoa:bur, 19>12, e.t rhic-b

tll~e thore ~ULG a diatur!.,anca ,in T!nit l ot Poaton.

"TLt"re ~Ye beeP tJevera.l c ,u-.rges ttnJ .W.l~f\tione, r:-"\G.t"

u:1do:::o outh , auoh t'I.G the 'poor c. ir.lpleton co':;er!ng Ca'tooaien

""'l'loyeos , (woro) atand14; Lroun~ lil:e ,;hi;po~ c~il~.ron,

lucky to be aparad e.nd nll<r.:0-1 to 117o :'r"-1 h<JII!' to ~car

with o.mbule.nco.::J f!llod u1tll di~euls3d ool11crlt td th uchtno

t;WlO gWU'd1ng tho1r &loop oo t hat t lley 11o;Ud not t·o

ala\J6htcred or b'JX"Deci eo hot~rly ttu"a, tened . ' ~;e 'hinb to

taetlty that tbcro ~6 no terror!~ ~r v1o~enco nt nny

tjjr,o, nor wore wo nt:'aid or boa 1ly 1nj\U'Y at o.ny til:o .

To rurthor ou0atant1c.te th!s , tho6e ()f ut w1th childron

felt ct oaeo to htlYo ou:- o!:i.l:1nn r~tr. in '"'oct"z: ~hrO"..:gh­

ont tt.e dieturbanua . \fa continuod tn ~r.ovQ tr111ol:r t1a'ougb­

out tho enp in tho couroe !'t ou.r l'~tul1•l' t\aaignaG \'iutiss . "

T'ne beot evidence ~1ns the talc!ty o: tte wtot o:onte ~. ~­

sond preacntod to the eCI"'IIlitteo, howover , ia ?l'07 idoll by TOimsend blr­

aalr. J)D'1ng the otrtl<o 1'olmaon4 ,be:>~Dto o=t1o.,ill:t uvsot. Ho oproad

•Ud rllmnre omooa h1o ec!J:J1niatl·atha aeooei.Jitu. At th.e Ml.ght ot tl.e

otr1ko ho loft h1o poot ot duty w1 thout cuthor1z<>t10!l a.~d Ylent t o Los

Angelos . Ho retiu-nod t o I'oaton about NovGlnber 29. On Doeombor 1 , 1942,

Tolrllaond "se tntervJ..,..od by tho Project Director, li:tldo Head. Thore

tollowa a atenosraph1e tron~eript ot thut ~ort1on ot t~o 1ntorviwr

bear ins Uf•OII the !)Oriod Ot tho etr1ko:

H8.3d: "Good morn!~, Hr. Towi:ze:ut •

• TolrliHDd : "Good r.orn1nc. I juot got yc.ur JC:O:IICr&~>dUI> tllld nnt to

41acuao 1t with you. Ploaeo l•t :-.o "!>o1os1:o tcr r;:y

aot1ona dur1na tho et~ilce. I mnot !:avo he•n ao U!ls•t I

Q1dn't realize what I'""" do1n.3, X '"'• o l'r:>14 t b::\t I

u d tba other eo:!p).oya~& wore go~ t o be olo~~&-'lhred by

the 1opa. ·

·.._

Road:

Towneond :

P.eud :

Townsend:

Read:

Townoand:

-14-

"l::r • Townsend , it you do n.ot mind, I am going t o have notes kept on this conve~oat1on, inascuch aa your act ions ot the laat few days have been such that they cau!la L1.e to doubt your honooty and rel inbility. Do you object?

11! don't blame you ror "-:1nting a record of everyth!ng I have to oo;·.

"t-Jo·n, Mr . To•.vnsend, you eaid you woro tri5htened; did you actually oee , personnlly, a.ny 6!BnD of viol~nce on the part ot tho peo9l a or the destruotion of any govern­mont pr operty?

"Since having til:!.o to cnl.ln down I realize tlto.t thore He:::~ no eign of viol enco , and now t hat tho t r ouble bas beGJl aottlod and I hnva had t ime to look around, it i s eusy to soe the cr~vd must have been p~aoetul fill tho t ime and there we s no oigll: of any damago to e.ny gov~rnmont property.

•Do you oonoidor that sutt iciant reason tor l oaving tho project and t ailing your duties during tho t ime or troul>lo?

"I don ' t know what I meant. l would have dono more ha~ condition ~"

I lost my head, I guoo~. hero t han good in that

Mr· Townsend: "••• • ••• • TheM. P. 'a wore not allowod to be in uniform on our aida of tho b.ighway, so Captain Dougher­ty t ook t he boop1 tal embulblloo and mounted machi ne !JUilO

/ on it, and eet the ambuldncb at tho rear of ~ur 'cauca­sian sleeping quarters , wit h soldiers in civilian clothos to koop tho 1opanoco traa npproncAing tho barrackS ond burn ins thEm~ up, ao t hey aald tho:.- would . And wo wora only ec:mtortablo lfhon those 8Llbule.neos wore sitting out there. nut they woro not i n unito~."

Tl)o hospital 011>l>ulance was in the oharga' or tho Chief !.!adi.U Otfice'r of tha canter and woo at no time uaod by Captai n Doughorty or any other otticer of tho )l. P. company. No macbins· guns ttoro mounted o,..it. I t was not otationod 1n tho reu of the Cauoao1an sleeping quartora and wae not mnnned by aoldiora ot tho United States Jrmy, either 1n unifODn or 1n o1v111an olothao. Captain DoU&horty was not at Poeton durin& tbe strike but had been tr&llOtorrod tran thia station eoveral days prior to tho period in queation.

.)

'

- 15-

25, Pae• 51

Mr. ~send: "N~, I don't know that I u.entioned it in bora , but

c ..... ont

;::!!.:~·o~~~o~:o i!h~~~n~~~P:~~·~ ~~!i~!~k:~dto th«u and t.avo been told ver,- definitoly obout ·their prosru>, tbat this sroup or ""'n CD Tern>il\111 I•le.nd wore in tbat cotcaory. And they will toll you if you aak tb«o. Thoy oro tho ~oat indifforont rollawo . If you. o.olt them, '\'oro you tellc-~3 Oreanizing on tho woat Coaat?' they aay, 'yes, rto had our pros:;rm:. all sot up.' I have aakod thum, '\1ht:lt wero you going to do?' o.nd tho e.ns,ver wns, 'A a aoon o.a our sold ioro como ovor , wo woro goiD8 to hel p thom. 1 Tboy toll you right ott t!lnt tboy nero go1D8 to l'in t hll \/:ll'. And thl\t 1o tho typo of =n t.bat is clrilli"C O\"Or th!>re almost daily in m1lttar1 tectice, ri~t und~~ our noses in that ceop. Tboy drill thom in vnriou• r~ayn , but otill dri ll thOl:l, and they 6 r o n.~killll ool~ior• out or thum, nnd they aro not k1ddin& obout it . 'l'l"'Y don't ~von proauo:o to hidd it.

11.E:or 1natl\noe , I cn.o tnlr::o you down to 0..11 a&'Tiiral do'#n t horo . He 1ua our oh<>f in ccmp 3. I cnn• t q_uit& recall his lllllllO. I tulkod to him . I lalCilt ho >IDS an acbiral 1n tho 1cpanca<> !IQvy, o~cl bo wu rw>DiD8 a t1sh1D8 boat at San P6dro. I aoid to 'him, 'Ia ito roct that your boato wol'o oquippod tor 1nilita.ry purposoa? 1 "lle eeid, 'Yeo, all or our boate wuro equi»POd eo wo could eonvort tbccn. 1 llo said t~.at ell tho 1~panoao !iobomon aro a.111tary men. Bo 11 a . fino lap, if you ' C<!Il ataoo.ch that oort of otutf , •

Thio story io ont1rely without foundation. It io lignitioant that l&r. Towuond 111\d not :reportod ouoh a o1tUBt1on while ho wao o.'1l• ployod at Pooton ond baa prooontod oboolutoly no ovidonoo in oupport ot bic otetOCionta, Spociticolly, h& baa not ouppl1od tho nor.o of the ellO£Od O.~irol.

26, Pllao M

l&r, Tqwnaon4a

· . . .

-·

" •••• •• Bchool,a oloaod, tbo hospital waa ordered 1o oloao by t!le mob, but reo.l.nod opon ag:>illat ardara ........ " • ..

• • t •

. - .

\

-16-

Comment

, Schools were not clbsod. Tlvo teachora out of 101 in Cruup I dis-~isced cl cusos tho afternoon ot Novomuer 16. Tho neA~ dny, ond all ro­mu i nins do,y.s- ot tho str i!tt 1 a.ll elat;se& woro in sosoicn . CampD II W!d III wore at no tmo o!'fccted by tho str ike, There> was no intorforence with the employues at tho boopitel or with the op9ration or thu hoo­Jlital in ruJY m:umor whs.tsoover.

27 . Page 60

J.!r, Townsend: "t!O'i'l thot condition car.o :about bec:.uso the milk truck como in , ond thG JP.rauoso me~ tho ~ilk truck. lt wa s drive:> in by tr"ck und trr.ilor frOin tho Golden States I'ai:-y , nnd tho dl•l·~·\_:r v::c.s in tho hobit or t.o.X:~I\8 tho Jl'.i U: directly to t:l~ ·mu:vhcuses . Tho,- .met tho n1lk tr~ck a nd jmlpod on tho truck end ,diverted it, •

Q.uestion: "Was there" whito 'man drivine tho truck?"

.Anawor: "Yon, tho Golden States Dairy delivery n..n, driving a rott·i~erator truck. He ::-"fused to drive the truck ov&t· ~o tllo groul', so tho;r ot nrtod t o unload tho truck, and did unloud tr.e truck and started to throw it ~ut. I wonc into tho dispatcher's oft'ico, a nd there was n · carton of ru1ll• thronn throlJ8h the window."

Ccm:ment

Eloo~·Jhore ~.tr . Tcvmsend soys "ecsoa or milk wcro dt.c:':pod and car­tons of tlil:c tllro-.m nt ovbryono on tb.o h1gb71&Y ond nround tho ~." Tho Goldon states Dairy Company douiod thnt port of this statement lujving to do with ctopping <>nd diverting tho milk truck. With reaard to the root ot tho s tory , 'llO have tho followinr, statar.:ent from Dr. Edward B. Spicer, a mombor of tho adminiatrnt ive staff at Poston:

"I wont over to tho motor rool about 7:00 P.~:. on Novo:obot• 18. ur. T01msoud r.n1 tho Truck Diepntobor ?~oro thcro. Ltr. Tatm3ond · in an oxc!. tod m"nnor tol d ~e tb.:i t two cnaaa of milk had boon dumped s~e~h~ro in camp end that a can ot t:Uk hD.d been thrown t':rough the v:illdow ot tho '!'ruck Diape.tQhor•s office. Dr . Loisht<>n , who was with mo.. 11eked whore tho milk cnn was. llr. Townsend pointed to a cardboard quart carton about thirty teet tram tho Dis-

. patoher•'a ottice. It wno ompty lying on tho grolllld, and thoro wno ljO o•ri denoo or milk h£ving boon spilled around it. It ap~eerot \o hQvo buon tossed thoro ompty. Tu~re wns no ~1denco ot any window having been broken by this or any other milk container.•

-

-17-

28 . Pago g

!lr. Townsend : •At 9 :00 o'clock, in front of the Cn.ucaei~n b4rracks 1

CotMient

the chief ot the tiro department and hie •ss iat•nt -­the chief or the fire d"!"'rtr.ent, llr . Pi, n, 3nd his a ssistant, Mr. \':oodhouse, 1.ere aeeoated bJ a £r')Up ot JaJ"lnose polic..,on and ~ fight stllrted because the fire department. Cllr had been .driven into :> part ot the camp. It. \fas nec~ttsary tor more than a doton C.'\uct.u.d"lnl with pe3- shootcre to so out and s top tho .~ttempt llllldo by the . police doJX1rllnent to beat up tho fire chief nnd his f irst assie~•nt . This created a considornble distufp•ncc, t.Lnd i t \V.1s . thought it would be nectJSS<lr.Y to Movo lhe Caucoshn personnel ovor to tho milit 4ry qiDrters ."

The t'ire chief and hie aaaist,nt were stoppold ><hilo driving in exceee o! tho apeed J.1Q1t thrOU!lh tho project area by ov~cuwo pollc.....,n on tr:.rtic duty. They wcro QOt molested; there w:1s no tltht; e nd it was not noeeasary Cer other adminiatr~tive personnol to rcecu~ thee .

llr. Townsend: " ••••• One of tho most disturbing t.hi nga wne tho rerucival of our tla&e !rom all parts of t he CMIP nnd the need of our Caucaeions putting up tho largo flae at the office, under t.hro.\ta th·\t it would be NlllOVwd, •'ith All replaced by tho 'Rising Sun. o

"Loudspeakers' et.olen rroa the warc):,?usos J h~d been ins1.allcd, '\nd during d\Y 3nd nit.ht tho J np•nose na~ional. nnthen '"" hoo.rd through the length nnd brndth of ,th• camp, ld.th ld.ld ehwrs n!¥! loud dtlr'lOnstro.tions toward setting t'iro to tho whole clln.p, which ~hey hAd thrMtcned to do if tho m11Hnry forces wore broucht in, or cr ossed t,ho highnl\y. Tlo>l t ia the wny they put H •11

Con.mont

l!leowhere in Ilia tostilllony llr. Townsend stet oe thllt the Americt.n

Rtlag wu t.olcen down and the ,b;>t>r•IIO fi3g flown. llo h.lve ol'tid~vito rom ai&ht rosponeiblo officiale ot tho Poston Conter th~t tho U<o

Aoerie&n n ags which cuat.oourii.T wore nown over Cnap 1 wero n ... n o.ll d.ay Ond !JYfll"f dny during tho period Of the at.rilte, lloV.: .. ber 18 tO 24, and t.henatt.or. llo suard ·~· pbct>d ovor either ru,a and noithar """ l owered OXllept at the cuatOOlllry hour o t eunset .

-le-

With retJllr<l to the esscrtl r-n t hAt the Ja:>&Mse flog was flown during t ho stril<'o ·ar.d that t he .Jap£>nese nati"na~ ant~em was pl•y•d over a h )Jc!sreaker <ystem, we hove positive ~vidence that t he c~im is without foundation , Includ~o in tho uvid~nce ls tre following state11i~nt frota fa.ther Cloment, 1!. M. , of" r l'lier, Ariaon& >

"This 1• to mal<e known and to tostify that i n the recent mass meetings of th~ s t rike, ,·.nich we re held at Block #26 in Poston , the banners ond flups that were used and .loen, were si~s to sienify "orely. the pr esence r.f 'representatives or tho differant blocl:s of the canp, lind in m way wore th~se flacs or hannors used to dcno\.e a prc>-Axis sen~irnent.

11Lik11wise, in ree}trrl to \JapanoDe music thot wns played bver the public ~o\dres s oy•tem at thP.se ll)Oatincs, t here was no mart!.fll or Jo ... t• neA~ J)(.triot ic r.J.Us!.c played, It has been allt.,gdd, howov .·, tte~... ·10 s ene, , "Ai '<oku- Ko­Shinkyol<u• UCtlnlly pl~y9d for depM\.tug aolti.l.ers had be•n played, This oen be r eadJ.ly explo.inon , howav~r, hy the fact that it ia nzy cert ain kno\;ledee that minors who could nr.~t rcaf\ Japanese titles, ~iel~cted record~ at randnm, from the large assortment which incl uded tr.is r ecord .

"As n j;atholic priest and Ch·•?l ain worl(in;t for the welfare end morale o ('tho wh~lu camp, I t estifY t hat I havo neither s een tho Japanese flag used, nor heard martial muol.c played durinP. the rec•>nt runerg•mcy . fr"Cl ' having in­terviuwed rna,Y Jopaneae, I do not bcllevo that such music has been played, nor the Japanese t'lar. displayed,

3(), PaP,e ~

(S iened ) father Gl ernent, H.~ . (l:aryknoll P.!iosioner) Parker, Ariz.,na"

Mr. Townsend, "About l2to0 o•clook ml.dnl.g~t on the third dey of mob control about 200 or thu mob advanced to tho mot"r po~l, whero they reached tho highway a~ross . from the ptol, They were hblted by tho M.P. , .~nd ~ctviuod they wure not allewcd to oro so tho llighwey, · Thuy started t~ movo forward, snd tho M.P. fired ~vor their hoedo. Hi8 orders ""ro to fire over thoil- heodo , end then into thn, Ho wne at. once aupportod by another l!.P. \tit.h a mach1no RUn • Tho mob t hnt ~'d advanced in r egular military wectRe ro.,..tion •t•pped, L.ld in d f.;\-1 minutes tho ontlre ld.P . COIIIP"f'¥· was thel'e in trucka w~th fixod bayoMte ready tor aeti~n. Tho Japs rotroetod.

\

•

. .

•

Corrment

- 19-

" ··· • ••• • Standb.;: behind the !.1 . 1' . , soeiQI'.the detor­mined l ook •~d· t he · ilmled i at e re•l"'nse of 1\i• budd~es , • 11 heavily anned , onrl tho angry m~b f ac1.n[; ~he:i.r' ftrst s~t­back , defiant and ug4' but • till "i t hout a l eade r, nwke t hi nt;s look pretty near Li CJ'.!.oi s . " - .

With r ogard ' to tho above , we have the fo)llowing si.n~etnent by Mr . Ernest L. Miller , Chief of Inte~·nA l S.acurity , Dnd ~Jt' . Leonn-rd t . Nel son, Unit I Admini s trato r, Poston:

"On t ho 'nieh t of NovP.ll!'••>r l~t.h , ahout ll: 00 !' .tl., Chief Kiyoshi Shigekawn and s ix o! hi s rnen came to 1.he a,dminis t r<•tion buildi ng a :td nsk~d if it ';ould be po•sibl e t~ got '8 noth,;w t1·uck fb:• jl2t r.,l , Whi ).o t he Chi Rf Yrns in-s i de discussinp th .. rr.attor· with Ch::.(·f o.r Interna l .Securit y Hi ller and Act.i:'lf! ?rojoct , :r ,·ctc.·· t~vAn! , t.h,., six boy:l ap­

'par~nt.ly l houP,ht t ht"-Y ·miRtrc. ll J .. ,.._.1: ,,.., a r·u1 ~ick up tho t ruck , as they must have been over-confidt.mt that the t ruck w• uld be ,!!ivan to t hem , l.!r . L. L. Nelson wao wolki.np, tol'inrd t he motor pool At tl;i s tine nnd sa·.v tlr~ p~lico approac~.ing t ha M. P. ~uai"d 'stationcc! i-n i"t•or.t .JJ' the t'Ool . Tho.re wdrc four or ',five M.P. 1 a sta~ding b:i t he [.'OOl and 8 1?0Apon car­r i er loaded ''ith six or aigllt :nore :nl c!.i ers cJz·o\·c up c~t t _hi s moment . The s ol di e rs ordtlrud t h·• p<'lice t o hnlt which t hey did. They uaic! thoy w~re :'ron tho nolice- dc p<~rtn•c~t a nd wcrb s upposed to pick up a t ruck. The snl .tlor told them r:f)t t o ~Of'l\e ncroas l.hJ roud but , t he:v st.&J·ted to ct·<'ss. They sai d it w::rs, Rll rieht as the,'r hnd J.>Cmisaion. boa !.l . r. shot over theh hoads a nd t he policer.ton . ron back t o the adai nis t ra­t1on building, "

!Ar . Townsend: " ., .. .. .. llany of t l1<1 Caucas i ans had l eft wi t h their ! ar.d.lies , who hacl been confined t o t h"ir barracks ; "

Cor.rmont

~.r. T~Mla>md, himself, is the only omployco do3!inltel,y known to have lett his post of duty on t he prujnct dt~in~ t ho str i ke ,

)2 . ·~ §J_

llr. Townsend: 11 •• : . • •• • • ' nrid oe B: 15 t.he roon 8 •)UOc1 w.m.t into t he ber rocks of one of . r.e Ja ·""' •se infom.anta tha t hod beon worki nr, 'fit h the f ; ~ .r. 'Md ,th~ younr man bein~ absent , t his ~on squod beat up his mother and father to a • j.'lbint whor • t hey w~re not expect ed to 11 ve ,

,,. .. ~~ ..... ,,, .. . .,

-1

- 20-

' brcakinp tho om ,and anl!lAo of the !other, and breaking both arms oml f ractur!ng t. ll~ skull of tho mother, and brulsinp h~r in noorl,y "' "l'Y portion o r hor body."

Tho Chairman: "Do you havo tre namu o! thoso ,lftpanose?"

Ltr. To·ttn st:tnd: 11! Mvo 1n tho records some placa . 11

Tho Chainnan: . 11How long did they r emain i n the hospital?"

llr . Tcnmsdnd: "I went in t o aeo t hCIIl th~ foP,owinjf ""'rninp aftur this h•d hap!)6'ned, or, I w<nt in tha next eveninP,, and the nt>xt mominiJ or about mid-<lay th~ following tlny there . wer e o t hor victims put in t ho hospital , and thoao pcopl~ had disoppoor oct."

The Chairman: "In two daya they had disappeared from the hospital?"

llr. Townsond: "Diseppcarod trora the hospital."

Tho Cha i rman: "Did you uver see ' tt.em afterwards at t he camp?"

Ur. Townsend• "llo, I novor saw them, and the riot followed aoon after that, bP.cDuao this ·~uad, this coon squad , went out end want ed to boot Up everybocty t hat hod givon any in forma­tion to thuoo F. B.I . mon . u

comm~n t.

The !ollowillc in!omot.ion is taken f !'Oill the records or th~ hoopitel concornine all pationts submitt.<ld t o th•• hospita l as a re­sult or the boetina s in quest ion:

Admitted D18 P,TIOSia

Sota , Francia Joo 10-18-42 Laeeu t.ion ot scalp

ll.-;-l.-42 Laceration of heod

Kurisaki , Lylo

Contusion of bod,y

Niahi£\ura, Kay 11-15-42 Concuasion ' of brain

ltultipl11 of laceration

TrcaU\ont

Suturo wound

Suturo wound

Sut u.ru wounct

Condition on DiDcharre

l0-2l>-42 F'ully recovered

ll-5-42 F'ully r ecovered

ll-)0-42 Full,y recovered

- 21 -.;o:1Jit.lon o.a

H.,.._ .d.>itt<.d OlG~:lo:;iG !r .1\t.:a.. r..t !)ischnrl'l

Ydlll~dt\ S.lWtt Ll·lS-~2 Lt\curat ion SutJ.ra ll .. ZG- ·\-2

or h'llld lo.curtl"do., "Ully r~oov •• t cd

Yo."l.'\da., Jisul:o ll-l5- 1Z L'lccr:Ltion Suturo ll-2u-1~

of al:ull -.10und P.tlly r cov•r· .. <l

Ya'!'IU.da., IJ>tS\lllli ll -Z2- 12 t4c.uror.is S-.d:,.tioh 11 -~·;-·t ?.

du-. to ff.. lll' .1t:l.!WVV d

Y.ldo, So.buro 1- 31-43 Contusion or ;»uturc. 2-h.i- 13

h..tu.d ,.~d v.ound r .. u:; r e OV\.r'\od

r~cc . 11\cur ... o.tioo of ho.nd

Tho eo patients .. ·or e.: cllse~'it uc.d up:m full r ecovery .)ud oot\pl c. tion or

tr"n.tac..nt . Dlrlus tht.ir st""y in u .. hoapit;,l, via! tor• ,.-... r.: r . !.~rt-.t.

t.o ~.&1..diato Mil\ burl of :.:u. f).l!\ily 1 pol lot~ .\Ud projtct otflci .\18 Ui~·

d!rl.lot A'Athorite.t h>n or tt.o Chi(d' !Jcdioul 01"1"ieer . Strict orJt. rl , .... , '­

r,lvon th.:...t .10 ont~ H$8 to bo bcbulttvd "xo~.opt on n pQ.Otl asi1~n~d by tlu.~

Chlt•f ~c.dtCo.l Officc. r. \ Ol')lr<~plvtt. r ceorU of 'lll vitJ1tOI'fl ..,,.~$ ):c.pt .

Th1a r t.cord !.bdloo.toa tn·tt J r . 'i'a".'fntil!iHl u.t na tim ... vh·it. d t.h ... ttb pa­

tiua.ta nor n.quc..atoJd to .tla ... 1.. tht.ZIII..

33 . !'&3• 70

l.Lr. Town,ond : "Th'l M.olJ tnJ u,, (.d fiv .. \.ht)U:Sllld [t.l l O•HI .JJ' ,_,.solin")

\.he.. first. Wl fb,y~; . "

Dw-1.1& thu firs t t tJO o. · ~~~o or the atru~~, Ullvt..mlH r lJ a.:1.d 19,

tho totul <I:J1olltlt of &lloolino Ul<od in HnH I •;ao 1, 720 ~·llons . Thic

inolu.dcd c.a.a c..l bw 1"or tt-uoku o.3.rryi.tlg INI)Pl \ta 1'r or.1 P ... rkt.·r to Pooton ,

.dht.rllN.tion of food ..md ot.t\Ct a.applh • in t~,u l:.:'\1\.. t.£!"\bul u:cc.e,

w-..a.t.,r trucka, ·~ld otht>r nora..l fuJJ-ctioua . !'ht.t oo:a\1~':\J.~Uun of CG•O­

li:'lO On t~ 11th $1lcl lZttl of tiOvt.Jr<bor, t fO :lor ... 1'11 \Ol'k :1~fl ;'Tt\'lt)U3

to thu otri"lco , "'dG 2,030 f10.llO"'\a.

ur. Townaundr "·········• Vp to dAtr t~ru h~a ~rn uo pro£ecu­tion for llt.y orrcna~J. or tor ,,ny outltl'o'II"Y or cr tnc in f\JI,'f or the 0011\pl. On t h6 Poltoal b ... ttlr rro:lta tha Jo.po ha.vo v:on til ·l bu.ttlca up t o Janua ry, 194!> . "

- 22-

C=-~nt

Up t o tho pr esent time, our recor~• indicate t hat there have been oight { 8) men triod in tho Stat .. of Arizona cou.rts for sta t o o!­fensas, sc.vcn (7) of t.h~sc oen were found guilty and sont.onccd . There havu •lso buun five {5) ocn takon to thu Fodernl cour t' in Fhoonlx, Arizonn , tried t or Ft·dorol offunees , ond convict.lld . ThJ.a nwnbor doos not, or cou.rso , include persons tri ec\ on the pro.1uct for viol.Gtions of proJect rulos and N1£UU.Uon• , or persons transfdrrcd to intorn~~~o.:nt Clll:lps because of cvidonc~• of loyolty to Japen Ol' because their oc­tivit.ius wero such that. th.-lir pr-.,semoo was detrincmtal t.o tho wolrsre of tho proJect ,

Question:

Answer:

Question:

Answer:

Ques tion:

Answ..1r:

~estion :

Answor:

CCII:Il:en t

111fow many s~callcd pleasure cars c!id you have at Poston?u

"About 70 or 80. "

11\/oro thoy all owned by tho ftOVOrmvnt?"

"All govornmont aeduns . "

11Qovcrnmont so.dona . •,;tlre thoso outomobilua used by the Japnn~•• at ni£ht?•

"Exclu:s1voly."

"l/hat did they u1o the.,. tor?" .• 11Plllasuro, running around tho camp in t.ho remoto llroa8 , tor scootors , and plsyinEl' uroW'ld , oo would bo e.xpocted~·

From tho bvginn1ng r.IDtor oouipmont has boon handlod at Pooton through n eont.rnllzod motor pool, with J'oft8SOn~r curs on pon.wno.nt. e,_ 1igng0nt only to the polieo torco, th~ ho•pital, and ono or 'wo k<y c&olniatratlvo pors~na . Thoro ia obsolutoly no founda t ion for tho statoraont that. ovacucua wt:rG allowed to ueo official cara ot n1eht or ot tJt1!i othor tl.ao tor J>l."osuro drlvinp,.

)6, ~~

llr. Townoond• "By pooling tho trucks, W\l aovod l , 77'5 gollono ot poollno in th11 first ""~kcnd, Sllturd•!" ni,.,t , Su.nday end SundiY niPht, and continuod to savo 1,000 R•llcna por< dly, by actual pump rocords . Thnt 1a by th., trucks that wore lopoundod . Th"n later en , if you t'llnt t o bring in the can, we did tho ....., thlnf M<l sav~..s )00 pllon• • day b)' I.Akinll tho cars awny trom them. •

I

- 23-

Commi!nt

The oss~rtion th•t 1 , 000 gallons of 0aaolino per day wBro saved bY. estcblishinf! a pool s;vstc:m '•>'ltil G lfl' . Town3cnd v;as at t.h'-' contor has no foundn t.iort or fac·t.

)?. ~ 11.

Quest ion:

Answ<lr:

Question :

An$Wcr:

11Wh1l e you w-2re at t·oSton did tho Jr.panc e~) who wcro i nterned t horo 1Utk.O aut.omobilo trip~ t,n v!.si t t.hairo rolativ-~s zmd i'riunc!s .tn t.h~ lJic'!wa3t.. ~md Eoat?11

11Thoy di d, with "''ritten orders by ·ar . Head to supply thco with trAnsportation. "

"WhtJt was the rdlSon for thaso trip~? "

'"Any excuse. Sickness in· tho familif's or .. for the . (IUr poso of lt.,o::ing aft er v ·sold llU"'l.or.lVbilr.. that payments had not bct:~n atado on, bei ng unable to mak'3 collectioitS on crop s ales or v~1rious ogriculJ.llr~l ideas, and f or Jf'l.y· .qllscellanllous excusv .tAm Japanoso wertJ allowed to l &'k:o govornm<.:nt E-JQU-ifX'\4.l.nt c.nd 1:takJ. tri ps up to 2, 500 llll.lao , usinl? p.<>vJrrun~nt crodi t CDrdn • 11

The Chairnwn: "All their own car s r. , d b<•c.n left at t heir homos by tho evncuo.es?u

Tho ,litMss: "On, ·yes . Thny didn ' t. hnvo th<>ir own cars , cxcer;t those whith wt: l cas.::d fr~ them, you gee. u

The Chairman: ''And they used t ho P,QVOrnmcnt eqiti]:'l!lcnt?"

Tho Witness: "Thoy used, to' usu th,m, thcsr;: bile !'iud:m3 , and ~rive them into theoe ctetropoliton cent er s out t.h•or c . ·l!ith soldie r s sitting out. thcro i n the dcs nrt lind suoing a

· loact of Japoncwc qoinp by- in t.h.J bic R'OV•.wnm. nt e(lrs tJnd givl.Jlg t hn boys L:.' bit.: hor:Jol llURh. I t l'ms t erribl e, and is s till eoinp '>n, but not quito so viciously, boc•use t ho eam}'l hn.s bu~n undor qunr!lntin'o . 11

(!uestion by l.!r . steedman: .

11You say that sorno of th~ cars t ravel ed as high as 2,500 miloo . Di d the s~udomvters indicotc t hat when they r cturno<l?."

II

I

(

- :>4 -

"Ynt. In startinP, them on th~ tr~p i t 1~0 usual to give them n credi t c&rd a~d ~o keep a co,pl~tc record, eo we tock the epccdoc-etor re:.di:l{t '.lpon their le•wing ar.d \!pon t"clr retunling. "

llo cvaeuee has ever beon allowed ~o tnko a gcr!OI"':l:lcnt ear on u trip outside the arojcct on persor.al bu3jn;:,r& . :zo ova~JC3 t-..:~s (l·,Ar been authl)r izcd to uso a governncnt crodit. cP-rd . J:.'V~euocs havo in aomo inotanc<:~s b<•cn tal<en to J,os AncolM rnd Fhoen~x !'or opociol cedicnl tront~eniit. nr fer ainilor purpoe~o involvL~g s orioue or:creency . In a IIUCh MSOO the ov&C\:ei)C ~ro accom-pcniod !Jy Caucacl.Lln e£corta. Cn ~"" occasic.na , !!arch 20 and Jtu10 ~~ l943, Thar.as ~~asudo was sont in a ijOV'lTn.."ttn*i car trc:n Po3ton to ?l'oon1x, Ariz~o , to. kWlouct of:icll\1 nusinor.B for tho o~ntnr 11hh offic<.alo of the 1>bto . S.Lnco ho e ntorcd r.o rootrictcd zono, ho wru! J t i10 t ri]l!r.ithout occort.

Durin& t~.o period ~t· . 1'awnncn<l ms Olilp.\ o)Md 11t Poston , no evacuee was por1Lit t od to lenvo the crojoct oro& '1ithout on oacort . No t ri p nf no ouch o<J 2 , 500 mile:l hflo bocn talten from Poaton in a govorr.moat c~<r, oxcs,t one un~uthur1zc1 trip t<> Oklnhc:an City "hich llr . Townsend , hi.uolf, t.xk wit.hout tl:o lmo•lcdac ...,. por:dso~on cf tha ProJ~rt llix<>ctor .

c-0}}6-P?.7 -l'lna l · !«>llU-O"S-t 'P

I

I

~e: Provost llarat~ll•a office dosbarring a few evacueee tro~ .crY~ in war plant.• without a1Tin& &ny reaaon for auch act..ion. .>tat.ea t.h&t. t.he Aotrie..n citisen or Japa.neae anceet.ry ia' an /IJI'.erican and hal grut pOttntialltiee or becOJlling an alert liberal A;,erican 1f he i o givon tho OppOrtunities to contribute to the mooalc or American lito , etc .

-· ·-.. el~ ..... it TOU ll1ll t.eko W. 11f1 _. lbould ..., orUo t o AUOl"DDO1 a-l aJ.doUA?

11M Ht.III"D ot u.. ..... loaecl lo~~-· wUh ,...... rwpl,T 11111 be appreoia~ecl.

~to Jllro, llooonelt,

vos

..

DMr -nl OuU1oao

1111"1· looa ... olt bu tabG up witb the War loloM\loa Aoltbor1t;r t.be probleM outliaM lA the eooloM4 letter r...,. 111otr­loa1t.u1, but .... 11 tolcl that your ott1oo ai&bt illprooo tl\o a1tuot1oa. lbe 11, t.berotoro, rotorriat tb1a letter t or 1111¥ _1 .... u ... tllat you - r;ho it. r

Very alnoerel¥ 70u.ra,

8eorotar)' to .............. lt

•••. ~u11s:; I o ....... .,,,,,..._. D. c.

j(f() .(

OoKY

£no • .J

. .;, ' .. ' -

'

WAR RELOCATION AUTHORITY

OWlCI& OP Tna ota&OTOa

tlies l~lvina C. '!hompoon S.cret.&ry t-o l.!rs. Poosevel~ ':bo \lhit.e J!ouoe Wash1llgt.on, D. C.

Dear Wist Thompson 1

DEC II lilt

I have your note ot Deceobe~ U C>nd the accompo.nyinr. letter

trca l.lich )(l:ni~, of Clevel&nd. I appreci.ate vory r.1uch the fact

t!'at l!re. RooseveU io interested in the p-obleL'IS raised by l!r.

Kuni ~ and would like to oee tho necessary steps taken to remove

discrimination acainet loyc.l 1\mericano or Jnpo.nooo a ncestry 0

'Ibis 1a somethillg which we have boen con f>rnod 'lfi t.h for a

long tl.u. I have protested several 1.1.,.• tot t!1e 1 ar Depo.rto:ent.

against practices llhich I !eel are diacrl.J:dn:.tory, not only in

employment in war plants but oleo in tho J.nn.y itoelC. Our o!forto

to gain fAir and equnl treatm<Jnt for nisei at the hAnds of the

Civil Service ColMiissl.on have been unc<>asinc, but hAve ruet with

only 11111ted auc.:eu. 'Die Co<'l!liesion llJliU'Oves generally the principle o! nor>-discrinination, but in actual practice there are

.. ~ delays in obtaining the necessary cle"l'ance for eva.cucea to

be a ppointed t o l'llderal poe1\J.ons .

I aerioualy doubt it t he Attorney tleneral would be the

appropriate oti1c1al With whoa the problea ahould be t.alcen up.

The diocriminatory acto &ro in opposition to the !air ... ployMnt

practices which tho PN S1dont hiJ:.:;clC has doll.ne .. tod . It would

seen that t he l1l'oVflot Ll&rstl&ll 1s ofl'l.co And tho Civil Service

eo-J.aaion are the aaencies that mibllt 1nlprove t he situation

1! the.)' oo desired/ '

Sincerely,

111N llalvin& C. '!hOOlpeon Sacntacy to lira. Roosevelt. n.. llb1 ta lioUH Jub.J.ngt.on, ll. c.

O.a r Mia e Thoapaon :

I have your note ot IJecePiber 14 and )he acco:11Pf1.11¥1ng :att.e J" b'oa llich Kunit.ani, of Clevelion.l. ! o.w•·cciate vory uuch the t act tmt Vra. Rooaevelt ie interooted i,n the problems raiaed by llr. 1'&1t.an1 and would like t.o •oe tho nece••ari atop• taken to reii!Ve diaeJ"iain&tion &&ainot loyal .a,...ricane ot' Japanese anceotry.

'lbio 1a aoiNithintl • hich wo l\llve been concorncd v;ith tor a loDe ti,... I have prot .. st.(ld suveral tillll• to the ''"" IA!Ipart•nt againat practice• wbich I ftlel are dJ.ecl'lmiru.tory, r.ot onl;y in ~nt i n war plants 1Jut uloo in the •<1'"'1 it:<elt. nut• e!!oJ"ta to ll'in fair and eqUAl tre&tt,.,nt for nieoi at th~ h.t.nds ot the ChU Service C@liliauiun have beon uncoasing, but have aet with only liaited aucceoa. The Co~iaaion Rpprovaa ~enerally the principle ot non-diacriminatiollo but in act""-1 pr .. ctice there are .aiQ' delays 1n obta.1n1ng the neceesnry clelll'llnce for evacuee• to be appointed t o 1'1tder"l po•Hiona .

I Mrioualy doul)t 1! t he Attorney Oflner .. l vould be the apPJ'Oprlab ort1c1al w1 tJ> who" t ho probloa should be taket,t up. 'nle diacriainat.ory •ct.u IU'o in oppool.tl.on to tho t .. lT •.ployaent .... ct.i~• which the President hlllsell has delineated, rt would - tb&t the ProYoat ll&rsl\o.ll'a otrl.ce a.nd the Civil Service ec..s. .. ioo are the apnciu that aight 1aprove the situation . it tbey 110 deaire<l..

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• Coploo oent too (JOD. 1, 194~) Gooora1 Oolllon lira. llcllllll.n

December 8) 1943

Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt Wh1te House Washington D. 0.

Dear .Ura, Rooaeveltl

I should like to take thla opportuni ty to thank you &gain tor making 1 t poea1 ble tor me to see you at the .7b1 te Houee on Nov. 20.

~· L' u 0

With rererence to your suggestion, I shsll att emp t to poi nt out some or the problema racad by the evacuee& , both by those still in the relocation cent era and by thoee Who have already relocated and who are 1n the process or resettlement. Bu t before I get to the epecitio problema themselves I would like t o preface my statements by u.ying tha t I view the dirt1culties or the evac­uees only in the l i ght or the hardships raced by the other people in the world ae a reeult or this war.

When we take into consideration t he plight of the Jewish people ln the occupi&d countries or Europe, tho atarving hundreds in India, the English, Chinese and Russian people Who have lost their loved onee and their hoces and the pri va t1on or ths Uegros and other• in the South, the problema or the evacuees occupy only a very am&l l bend o r t he social spectrum.

ll&ny intelligent and sincere people who are concerned with minority or any othe kind or problem become eo engroseed in their particular cruaada that they tend to loae proP.r perepective and begin to beliaye that their program i s the moat important thing in the world. I 'Ya triad all through my work to view thi a pro­gram in pro par rocua. I am work.i.ng wi tb the problem or the Jap­anese in America not becauae I happen to be or Japanese decent but bacauae I beli eve ru~mental democratic iaeuee are involved and I am intaraatad in the preservation and rurtherance or civil libertiaa Which I believe to be t he pro toplaam or our democratic inat1tut.1ona.

I make tbaaa introductory remark• ••r•lY to indicate to you my poU tion w1 th regard to the progra.m--;•Q ~ a.&t 1t m1gbt help you to evaluate Wbatnar I llight a&J. ,. ··

Tha r ecorda or the War Ralooat~~n Authority ~~al that approxt .. talJ 15,000 people bava ~aft tb• oantere o~lindet1n1ta leaYa aDd 6000 801"8 on aeuonal laaYa Wbloh -na ~t a great aJorltJ ot tbe alJISla 70WI& adulta bet•e•n the agea ' ot 19-'5 h&Ya lett , !ba 80, 000 &ftoueae Wbo are etlll i n tba eantera

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are composed of old folks who are above fifty years of age and their children who are under ei~~teen. &a we &~tempt to relocate thia 80,000 the resettlement problem becomes more complex aince fam1liea ere involved. Houeing which ie eo difficult ~o find tor the eingle people Wi ll be three timea ae difficult ror ram1ly groupe aince thoy a~e not aa mobile or flexible.

The occupational skille of Qany of the employables etill in the centers lie in truck farming and though there is a ~eat shortage ot tarm laborers in America the evacueea prefer employ­ment aa farm operator• and not as laborers since they were akilled operator& back on the Waat Coaat but opportunities. tor operators ot truo~ gardena have not aa yet preaanted themselves. It the War Relocation AUthority With the help of the Farm Security Admini­stration and poaaibly the Roaettlement Administration could pro­vide opportun1tiee tor ~upa ot farm tam1liee to resettle on undeveloped landa, e.g., ~he Grand Coulee territory with long term loana and low interest ratea, I believe many of the evacuoa tarmere would taka advantage of i t. ' Thoae who are not taroere were formerly small shop keepera, operators or service establiahmenta, retail clarke, hotel opera­tore and middle men in the marketing or !arm p roduce. Some or these people would relocate it they could get people to sponsor them tor perbapa a year in return tor their services around the bouse. This arrangement would give them an opportunity to survey tho communi~y tor possible buainBss ventures and wore permanent employment.

The evaoueea who are over fifty years or ago or which there are approximately 20,000 comprise the first generation or the Japanese in America and tor the moat part though t11ey understand Englieb they caMOt opeak 1t. with tao111 ty. Tb1B handicap to­gether with the tact that they are enemy aliena and cannot become naturali~ed citi~ena precludes U>em from many typea or emp~oyment .

Aa tar aa tha problema of the evacuees who have already re­settled are concerned I can only draw conclusion• from my exper1-enoea in Cleveland where 750 have reeettled. Since January or this year wban the War Relocation Autbori ty opened ita offices bare in Cleveland ~be a~baaia or the resettlement program has peat throU!b tour different and diat1nct .atagea. Firat the problem waa community relatione, then it ahifted to employment, then to housing and now the probl .. ia bow to integrate the evaoueea into the local community Whare they can find. function and lt&tua. A ~eat deal ot the auaoeaa ot the aaaimil•t1on problem l i sa in the banda ot tba avaouaaa themaalvaa and I have dlaoovered that the ~eat­eat obataal" to the oo..an1ty integration program are tba att1-tudaa bald by tha avacuaaa toward• the co.-unity. Aa yet the Y0\111& evacuee baa not reached the payahologiaal ataga where ha can taka the in1t1at1ve 1n making new rr1ande ,

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~ven though the emphaai~ ie now on lntegratlon i t does not imply that community relatione, employment and housi ng problems are all settled , One or the most serious impedi menta in the employment phase or the program iS the matter of the evacuees

.receiving epeci al clearance !rom the Provost Uarahall General's office in order to work in war plants after they have r eceived indefinite leave trom the War Relocation Autnority. The time taken to secure tl'l1e epecial cleo.rence takes anywhere rrom three t o six months . The Provost Marshall's of fice has d!sbo.rred o. few evacuees from working 1n war plants wi thout giving any reason t~ such action, I beli eve this matter should be br ou8ht to the attention or someone like Roger Baldwin. Along this same vein the Civil Servios Commission has set up a special procedure for the evacuees quite different from the procedure followed by other appl;cante. These measures and others like them are subtle implicatione that the evacuees are not to be t rusted like other Ameri cana and hinders the wh~le re location program.

The American Citizen of Japanese ancestry is an American and be haa great potenti.,l1 ties of becomi ng an alert liberal Ameri can it he ia given the opportun1tiea to c9ntricute to the mosaic of

American lite. I believe I know howrteel a bout thio program and I would appr ec i ate o.nything that you can do to further and nasten the aolution to thia problem.

If at any time I can b~ or eervi ca to you I sha l l be only too glad to respond and I Wish to expreos my ap~rociation aeain for your aincere interaat in this matter .

very 8.inoa~ ........ ~""u"r"'e .......... ____ _

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