Digital Factory - Asian Institute of Technology

Curriculum Development

of Master’s Degree Program in

Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry

Data Flow Model Concept and Construction

Digital Factory

Professor Athakorn Kengpol, PhD, DSc

Module II: Digital Factory Modeling: How to formulate a virtual world

Content

• Learning Outcomes

• Introduction of Data Flow Diagram

• DFD Example

• Case Study

• DFD Constructing

2/29

• Program for DFD Constructing

• Lab Sheet

Course Learning Outcomes

Formulate a data model representing data streamlining in a production line of

an existing traditional factory using a data flow diagram (Develop, Module II)

3/29

“Cyber Physical System is a coordination

between data operations in the form of

cloud computing and physical device.

When businesses want to develop into

intelligent system, it is necessary to have

step-by-step data flow management by

using Data Flow Diagram”

Introduction of Data Flow Diagram

4/29


System development life cycle (SDCL) is an essential process uses during the development of any system

DFD with material Flow (www.Yourdon.com)

SDLC consists of four main phases. They are

planning, analysis, design and

implementation.

Data-flow diagrams (DFDs) model a

perspective of the system that is most

readily understood by users

Maintenance Division

5/29


The motivation of formalizing the rules of data flow diagrams is because DFD has been used

in a widely basis for modeling any system but still lacking a precise understanding. Therefore,

by formalizing the DFD rules, we can get a formal model of DFD rules. This formal model can

be used to ensure that the diagrams drawn are correct and they are consistent with each other.

Rosziati, I., & Siow, Y.’ Y. (2010). Formalization of The Data Flow

Diagram Rules for Consistency Check. International Journal of Software

Engineering & Application (IJSEA), Vol. 1, No.4, October 2010.

The benefit of Data-Flow Diagram

• The system scope and boundaries are clearly indicated on the diagrams.

• The technique of decomposition of high level data-flow diagrams to set of more detailed

diagrams, provides and overall view of complete system, as well as a more detail breakdown and

description of individual activities, when this is appropriate, for clarification and understanding.

6/29


The system can be physical or logical, manual or computer based.

Data flow diagram symbols consist of four symbols which are processes, data flows, data stores

and external entities.

Symbols of DFD Elements

Rosziati, I., & Siow, Y.’ Y. (2010). Formalization of The Data Flow

Diagram Rules for Consistency Check. International Journal of Software

Engineering & Application (IJSEA), Vol. 1, No.4, October 2010.

Name

0

Process

Name

Data Flow

NameD1

Data Store

Name

External Entity

7/29


The different kinds (and levels) of data-flow diagrams

Although all data-flow diagrams are composed of the same types of symbols, and the validation rules

are the same for all DFDs, there are three main types of data-flow diagram:

• Context diagrams — context diagram DFDs are diagrams that present an overview of the system and

its interaction .

• Level 1 data-flow diagrams — Level 1 DFDs present a more detailed view of the system than

context diagrams, by showing the main sub-processes and stores of data that make up the system as a

whole.

• Level 2 (and lower) data-flow diagrams — a major advantage of the data-flow modelling technique

is that, through a technique called “levelling”, the detailed complexity of real world systems can be

managed and modeled in a hierarchy of abstractions. Certain elements of any dataflow diagram can be

decomposed (“exploded”) into a more detailed model a level lower in the hierarchy.

8/29


Context diagram

(Level 0 DFD)

Level 1 DFD

Level 2 DFD

Box represent whole

System boundary

Goodland M., Slater C., SSADM - A Practical Approch, McGraw Hill, 1995.

Kendall., K., Kendall J., System Analysis and Design, Prentice Hall, 1998

DFD Constructing• Identify the system boundaries

• Follow inputs

• Follow event

• Fill in gaps

• Repeat

• Explain to level 1, 2, …, n DFD

9/29


“MyDraw is a useful program, which

makes it easy to create various types of diagram

including flowcharts, organizational charts,

mind maps, network diagrams, floor plans,

family tree diagrams, business model diagram, flyers, certificates and many more.”

10/29

DFD Constructing

This is a context level

data flow diagram of a video

rental system. The example

illustrates the flow of information

between the system of interest

(Video Rental system) and the

external entities connected to it (the Customers and the Supplier).

Expand to Level 1 DFD

11/29

DFD Constructing

This is a level 1 Data Flow

Diagram illustrating a video rental

system. This level of DFD describes in

a greater detail the kind of data

flowing between the main processes of the system.

Expand to Level 2 DFD

12/29

DFD Constructing

This is a level 2 Data Flow

Diagram illustrating a video rental system.

This level of DFD concentrates in a greater

detail of one of the system’s processes and

the kind of data flowing between its main

sub-processes and the external entities it is

directly connected to.

13/29

DFD Example

The case study of Manufacture and assembly of electrical wiring for car

“From company case study, the product design department has a collection of product data

including a lot of technical data. Causing delay in searching for the desired information and data-

loss problem, therefore DFD must be created for the systematic overview to identify further

problem”

The product of case study company

T. Pornthip, “Management system development database for product

development parts of product design agency case study the company

products and assembles the wiring harness,” M.S. thesis, Department of

Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, KMUTNB, 2015. 14/29

DFD Example: Traditional DFD




Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, KMUTNB, 2015.

A -DWG. Part for Development

-Material Property

-Functional of part

B -Production DWG. (Sign)

-Customer DWG. (Sign)

-Test Report (Sign)

-Material Property (Sign)

C -Simulation Report

-Concept Design

-3D CAD Model

-Inspection Data

-Standard Test

-Training Data Support

-Result Test Mechanical

Property of material.

15/29

DFD Example: Developed DFD





A -DWG. Part for Development

-Material Property

-Functional of part

B -Production DWG. (Sign)

-Customer DWG. (Sign)

-Test Report (Sign)

-Material Property (Sign)

C -Simulation Report/ Concept Design

-3D CAD Model/ 2D DWG.

-Inspection Data/ Test Report

-Standard Test/ Material Property

-Training Data Support

-Result Test Mechanical Property of

material.

-Help

-Cost Save Part Report

16/29

DFD Example: Developed DFD





The case study of Manufacture and assembly of electrical wiring for car

“After the database improvement by using DFD together with Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 and

Microsoft SQL Server 2012 program*, it was

found that it reduced the time needed to find the

document 92.92%, reduce the time to search the

files 91.92% and the document is no longer

lost”

The Development of

Database Management System

*This programs are used to manage information

and documents, which is convenient to use.

17/29

Case Study: Furniture Company

The case study company is an integrated

furniture manufacturing company. By the

process starting form accepting customers’

needs to designing the furniture, the price

evaluating and producing according to the

design, Until deliver to customers.

18/29


Responding to the Industrial 4.0, the case study

factory needs to be transformed into a digital

factory to increase production potential. For

this purpose, a group of students in the Digital

Factory subject (KMUTNB) have studied the

production process of the factory in order to

find ideas to develop each production lines

according to the digital factory guidelines.

19/29


This case, production

process is focused on

development. Then, it

is expanded to level 2 DFD.

20/29


Boundary of Interest

21/29


Transform to the Digital Factory

PLY AGV

MetraSCAN

Robotics

AR Technology

Traditional Factory

Cloud Computing

22/29


“SIMULATION”

How will we know if

the system improvement plan

can be implemented?

23/29

Lab Sheet: DFD Constructing #1

Estate Agency case study

Clients wishing to put their property on the market visit the estate agent, who will take details of

their house, flat or bungalow and enter them on a card which is filed according to the area, price range and

type of property.

Potential buyers complete a similar type of card which is filed by buyer name in an A4 binder.

Weekly, the estate agent matches the potential buyer's requirements with the available properties

and sends them the details of selected properties.

When a sale is completed, the buyer confirms that the contracts have been exchanged, client

details are removed from the property file, and an invoice is sent to the client. The client receives the top

copy of a three part set, with the other two copies being filed.

On receipt of the payment the invoice copies are stamped and archived. Invoices are checked on

a monthly basis and for those accounts not settled within two months a reminder (the third copy of the

invoice) is sent to the client.

Try to create the context DFD & Level 1 DFD

24/29

Lab Sheet: DFD Constructing #2

Estate Agency case study

The Estate Agency needed to improve data management by using a matching application

between the client’s properties and the potential buyer demanding in order to matching reduce the

complexity and waste time for increasing customer satisfaction to the Estate Agency.

Try to create the DFD again

25/29

DFD Constructing Program

26/29

DFD Constructing Program

27/29

Course Learning Outcomes

Formulate a data model representing data streamlining in a production line of

an existing traditional factory using a data flow diagram (Develop, Module II)

28/29

Curriculum Development

of Master’s Degree Program in

Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry

Thank you

Digital Factory - Asian Institute of Technology

Documents

Transcript of Digital Factory - Asian Institute of Technology