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N

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

The National Center for Teacher Education

Technology and Livelihood Education Hub

South Luzon Campus

Lopez, Quezon

GED-ENG 01:Purposive Communication

BTLE 2 - JHS

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Different

Types

of Speeches

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NDifferent Types of Speeches

according to:

Purpose

Delivery

Occasion

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N

Different Types

of Speeches

according to

PURPOSE

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NDifferent Types of Speeches

according to Purpose

The four basic types of

speech according to purpose are: to inform,

to instruct, to entertain, and to persuade.

These are not mutually exclusive of one

another. You may have several purposes in

mind when giving your presentation.

However, the principle purpose of a

speech will generally fall into one of four

basic types:

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N 1. INFORMATIVE

This speech serves to

provide interesting

and useful

information to your

audience.

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N 1. INFORMATIVE

Example:

A teacher telling students

about earthquakes

A student talking about her

research

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N 1. INFORMATIVE

Example:

A travelogue about the Tower

of London

A computer programmer

speaking about new software

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N 2. DEMONSTRATIVE

This has many similarities with

an informative speech. A

demonstrative speech also

teaches you something. The main

difference lies in including a

demonstration of how to do the

thing you’re teaching.

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N 2. DEMONSTRATIVE

Example:

How to start your own blog

How to bake a cake

How to write a speech

How to… just about anything

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N 3. PERSUASIVE

A persuasive speech works to

convince people to change in

some way: they think, the

way they do something, or to

start doing something that

they are not currently doing.

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N

Example:

Become an organ donor

Improve your health through

better eating

3. PERSUASIVE

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N

Example:

Television violence is

negatively influencing our

children

Become a volunteer and

change the world

3. PERSUASIVE

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N 4. ENTERTAINING

The after-dinner speech is a

typical example of an

entertaining speech. The

speaker provides pleasure and

enjoyment that make the

audience laugh or identify with

anecdotal information.

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N 4. ENTERTAINING

Example:

Excuses for any occasion

Explaining cricket to an

American

Things you wouldn’t know

without the movies

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N

Effective preparation requires

identifying the purpose of

your speech. Once you’ve

identified your purpose, you

can move on to the objective

of your speech.

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N Reference:

http://www.ismckenzie

.com/4-basic-types-of-

speeches/

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Different Types

of Speeches

according to

DELIVERY

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NDifferent Types of Speeches

according to Delivery

The easiest approach to speech

delivery is not always the best.

Substantial work goes into the careful

preparation of an interesting and

ethical message, so it is understandable

that students may have the impulse to

avoid “messing it up” by simply

reading it word for word.

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N1. IMPROMPTU

SPEAKING

It is the presentation of a

short message without advance

preparation. Impromptu

speeches often occur when

someone is asked to “say a few

words” or give a toast on a

special occasion.

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N1. IMPROMPTU

SPEAKING

The advantage of this

kind of speaking is that it’s

spontaneous and responsive

in an animated group

context.

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N1. IMPROMPTU

SPEAKING

The disadvantage is that the

speaker is given little or no time

to contemplate the central theme

of his or her message.

As a result, the message may

be disorganized and difficult for

listeners to follow.

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N1. IMPROMPTU

SPEAKING

Impromptu speeches

are generally most

successful when they

are brief and focus on

a single point.

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N2. EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEAKING

Extemporaneous speaking is

the presentation of a carefully

planned and rehearsed speech,

spoken in a conversational

manner using brief notes.

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N2. EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEAKING

By using notes rather than a

full manuscript, the

extemporaneous speaker can

establish and maintain eye contact

with the audience and assess how

well they are understanding the

speech as it progresses.

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N2. EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEAKING

Speaking extemporaneously

has some advantages. It

promotes the likelihood that

you, the speaker, will be

perceived as knowledgeable and

credible.

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N2. EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEAKING

In addition, your

audience is likely to pay

better attention to the

message because it is

engaging both verbally and

nonverbally.

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N2. EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEAKING

The disadvantage of

extemporaneous speaking is that it

requires a great deal of preparation

for both the verbal and the

nonverbal components of the

speech. Adequate preparation

cannot be achieved the day before

you’re scheduled to speak.

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N3. SPEAKING FROM A

MANUSCRIPT

Manuscript speaking is the

word-for-word iteration of a

written message. In a

manuscript speech, the speaker

maintains his or her attention

on the printed page except when

using visual aids.

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N3. SPEAKING FROM A

MANUSCRIPT

The advantage to reading

from a manuscript is the exact

repetition of original words. As

we mentioned at the beginning

of this chapter, in some

circumstances this can be

extremely important.

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N4. SPEAKING FROM

MEMORY

Memorized speaking is

the rote recitation of a

written message that the

speaker has committed to

memory.

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N4. SPEAKING FROM

MEMORY

When it comes to

speeches, memorization can

be useful when the message

needs to be exact and the

speaker doesn’t want to be

confined by notes.

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N4. SPEAKING FROM

MEMORY

The advantage to

memorization is that it

enables the speaker to

maintain eye contact with

the audience throughout

the speech.

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N Reference:

http://2012books.lardbucket.

org/books/public-speaking-

practice-and-ethics/s17-01-

four-methods-of-delivery.html

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Different Types

of Speeches

according to

OCCASION

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKINGCeremonial speeches are

speeches given during a ceremony

or a ritual marked by observance of

formality or etiquette. These

ceremonies tend to be very special

for people, so it shouldn’t be

surprising that they are

opportunities for speech making.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches of Introduction

The first type of speech is

called the speech of introduction,

which is a mini speech given by

the host of a ceremony that

introduces another speaker and

his or her speech.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

Just like any other speech,

a speech of introduction should

be a complete speech and have

a clear introduction, body, and

conclusion—and you should do

it all in under two minutes.

A. Speeches of Introduction

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

For an introduction, think

of a hook that will make your

audience interested in the

upcoming speaker.

A. Speeches of Introduction

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches of Introduction

The body of your

introductory speech should be

devoted to telling the audience

about the speaker’s topic, why the

speaker is qualified, and why the

audience should listen.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches of Introduction

The final part of a good

introduction is the conclusion,

which is generally designed to

welcome the speaker to the

lectern.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

A speech of

presentation is a brief

speech given to accompany

a prize or honor.

B. Speeches of Presentation

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches of Presentation

When preparing a speech

of presentation, it’s

always important to ask

how long the speech

should be.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches of Presentation

First, you should

explain what the award

or honor is and why the

presentation is important.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches of Presentation

Second, you can

explain what the recipient

has accomplished in order

for the award to be

bestowed.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches of Presentation

Did the person win a race?

Did the person write an important

piece of literature? Did the person

mediate conflict? Whatever the

recipient has done, you need to

clearly highlight his or her work.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches of Presentation

Lastly, if the race or

competition was conducted in a

public forum and numerous

people didn’t win, you may

want to recognize those people

for their efforts as well.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

C. Speeches of Dedication

A speech of dedication is

delivered when a new store

opens, a building is named after

someone, a plaque is placed on a

wall, a new library is completed,

and so on.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

C. Speeches of Dedication

These speeches are

designed to highlight the

importance of the project and

possibly those to whom the

project has been dedicated.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

D. Toasts

A toast is a speech

designed to congratulate,

appreciate, or remember.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

D. Toasts

First, toasts can be delivered

for the purpose of congratulating

someone for an honor, a new job, or

getting married. You can also toast

someone to show your appreciation

for something they’ve done.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

D. Toasts

Lastly, we toast

people to remember them

and what they have

accomplished.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

D. Toasts

When preparing a toast, the

first goal is always to keep your

remarks brief. Toasts are generally

given during the middle of some

kind of festivities (e.g., wedding,

retirement party, farewell party).

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

D. Toasts

Second, the goal of a

toast is to focus attention

on the person or persons

being toasted—not on the

speaker

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

E. Roasts

The roast speech is a very

interesting and peculiar speech

because it is designed to both

praise and good-naturedly

insult a person being honored.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

E. Roasts

Generally, roasts are

given at the conclusion of a

banquet in honor of

someone’s life achievements.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

E. Eulogies

A eulogy is a

speech given in

honor of someone

who has died.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

F. Speeches of Farewell

A speech of farewell allows

someone to say good-bye to one

part of his or her life as he or

she is moving on to the next

part of life.

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NCEREMONIAL

SPEAKING

F. Speeches of Farewell

Maybe you’ve accepted a

new job and are leaving your

current job, or you’re

graduating from college and

entering the work force.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

The goal of

an inspirational speech is

to elicit or arouse an

emotional state within an

audience.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches to Ensure Goodwill

Goodwill is an

intangible asset that is made

up of the favor or reputation

of an individual or

organization.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches to Ensure Goodwill

Speeches of goodwill are

often given in an attempt to get

audience members to view the

person or organization more

favorably.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches to Ensure GoodwillAlthough speeches of goodwill

are clearly persuasive, they try not to

be obvious about the persuasive

intent and are often delivered as

information-giving speeches that

focus on an individual or

organization’s positives attributes.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

A. Speeches to Ensure Goodwill

There are three basic

types of speeches of

goodwill: public relations,

justification, and apology.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 1. Speeches for Public Relations

In a public relations

speech, the speaker is

speaking to enhance one’s

own image or the image of

his or her organization.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 1. Speeches for Public Relations

You can almost think of

these speeches as cheerleading

speeches because the ultimate

goal is to get people to like the

speaker and what he or she

represents.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 2. Speeches for Justification

The second common

speech of goodwill is the

speech of justification, which is

given when someone attempts

to defend why certain actions

were taken or will be taken.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 2. Speeches for Justification

In these speeches, speakers

have already enacted (or

decided to enact) some kind of

behavior, and are now

attempting to justify why the

behavior is or was appropriate.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 3. Speeches of Apology

These speeches have become

more and more commonplace.

Every time we turn around, a

politician, professional athlete,

musician, or actor/actress is doing

something reprehensible and getting

caught.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKINGA. 3. Speeches of Apology

In fact, the speech of

apology has quickly

become a fodder for

humor as well.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches for Commencements

The second type of

inspirational speech is the speech

of commencement, which is

designed to recognize and celebrate

the achievements of a graduating

class or other group of people.

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NINSPIRATIONAL

SPEAKING

B. Speeches for Commencements

The most typical

form of commencement

speech happens when

someone graduates

from school.

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N Reference:

http://2012books.lardbucket.org/

books/public-speaking-practice-

and-ethics/s21-02-special-

occasion-speeches.html

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N Prepared by:

CERDON, Jayson R.

DE CASTRO, Juwan P.

DAPOG, Jake J.