Diesel Emissions Regulation and Control

Impact of ARB Regulation

Diesel Particulate Matter Composition

Highly variable chemical mixture

Dependent on engine, fuel and combustion parameters

Balance of organic and inorganic carbon to sulfates is a function of sulfur fraction in fuel

Measured as all PM emitted from diesel engine

Difficult to measures in ambient air --surrogates typically used- Elemental carbon- Organic carbon- Black carbon

California Inventory of Diesel Emissions (2000)

Stationary prime

Emergency/Standby

On-road

Off-road

Portable

Sources of Diesel Emissions

On road mobile sources- Cars - Trucks

Off-road mobile sources- Heavy equipment- Trains- Marine Vessels

Stationary sources- Emergency generators- Other diesel-fueled equipment

ARB Diesel Risk Reduction Program

On-road mobile sources- Lower emissions standards for HDV engines- Retrofit existing engines- Solid waste vehicle standards- Other vehicle fleet standards

Off-road mobile sources- Lower emissions standards- Retrofit of existing engines- Auxiliary engine fuel standards- Harbor craft standards- Other marine vessel measures in progress

Required PM Emissions Reductions for Off-road Engines

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

Emissions (g-bhp-hr)

175<hp<300

300<hp<600

600<hp<750

>750 hp

On-Road PM Reduction Measures

Typical Diesel PM Reduction Measures

Lower Sulfur in fuel- Mostly reduces sulfate portion of PM

Add-on PM filter

Replace diesel fuel- With natural gas for some vehicles- With electrical power for other uses

Improve engine design to reduce PM emissions- Require newer models for use