DHEERAJ KHANDELWAL

8/14/2019 DHEERAJ KHANDELWAL

1/19

11

ENHANCEMENT OF TRANSDERMAL DRUGPENETRATION BY IONTOPHORESIS

SUBMITTED BY: SUPERVISEDBY:

DHEERAJ KHANDELWAL M.K. GUPTAB.PHARM. PART-IV LECTURER(Pharmaceutics)

Enroll no.-06/15428 SKIP, JAIPUR

SWAMI KESHVANAND INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY,JAIPUR-302025

JAIPUR

1


2/19

22

CONTENTS

2


3/19

33

DEVEL PEMENTHISTORY OF

IONTOPHORESISNDDS TECHNIQUE

WHY IONTOPHORESIS ???

THE STORY BEHIND IONTOPHORESIS

3


4/19

44

INTRODUCTIONDEFINITION

Iontophoresis can be defined as the process in which the flux orrate of absorption of ionic solutes into or through skin is

enhanced by applying a voltage drop/electric field across theskin.

TYPES

STRUCRURE & PHYSIOLOGY OF SKIN

4


5/19

55

STRUCTURE OF SKIN

5


6/19

66

THEORY & PRINCIPLE OF

IONTOPHORESISThe idea of applying electric current to

increase the penetration of electricallycharged drug in to surface tissue wasprobably organized by veratti in 1947.

FICKS LAW

PERCUTANEOUS ABSORPTION OF IONIC

DRUG > Paracellular

> Transcellular

6


7/1977

FACTORS AFFECTING

IONTOPHORESIS

> Influence of ph

> Current strength

> Ionic strength

> Current density

> Physical factors

> Patient anatomical factors


8/1988

MECHANISM OFIONTOPHORESIS

Skin is known to consist of lipids (15-20%),40%proteins(mostly

keratin) and approximately 40% water. When applied across skin,

as in case of iontophoretic treatment, an electric potential may alter

the molecular arrangement of these skin components. This

alteration could yield some change in the skin permeability. In the

stratum corneum which is rich in keratin, an alpha-helical

polypeptide. flip-flop of poly peptide helicles may occur to form a

parallel arrangement. pores are thus opened as a result of the

repulsion between neighbouring dipoles, and water molecules andions will flow in the pore channel to neutralize the dipole moment.

The phenomena should lead to an enhancement in skin

permeability for peptide and protein molecules and other charged

molecules8


9/1999

An Explanation of Iontophoresis

> PASSIVE DIFFUSION

> ELECTRO MIGRATION

> ELECTRO REPLUSION


10/191010

Devices & Preparations for

iontophoresisIONTOPHORESISMACHINE

DIGITAL DUAL CHANNEL IONTOPHORESIS

MACHINE Dual Channel

Detects skin impedance changes and compensates

Single or dual phase polarity( no lead wire change)

Ramp-up adjustable to patient tolerance

10


11/1911

PREPARATIONSEYE ELIXIR

TRANSDERMAL PATCH


12/19

1212

Advantages of

iontophoresisNon invasive

No toxicity problems

Fewer side effectsimportant in systemic delivery of

peptide/protein based pharmaceuticals

predictable and extended duration of action.

Reduce frequency of dosage

Self-administration is possible

12


13/19

1313

Disadvantages

Cause of burns

Electric shocks may cause by high currentdensity at the skin surface

Possibility of cardiac arrest

High molecular weight

13


14/19

1414

APPLICATIONS OF

IONTOPHORESIS

Dermatology

UlcersFungal infection

Viral Infections

Herpes simplex

HyperhidrosisAnesthesia

Sweat test

14

URRENT


15/19

1515

URRENTINVESTIGATIONS &

RESEARCHHeat-Enhanced Transdermal Drug

Delivery

Scientific Researches

15


16/19

1616

REFERENCES1. Saraf Swarnlata,Singh Deependra,Saraf S, Iontophoresis-A Review From:-

http://www.pharmainfo.net/reviews/iontophoresis-review accessed on-16/8/09.2. Jain N.K Controlled and Novel Drug Delivery Published by CBS Publishers&

Distributors New Delhi;Edition-Sixth; P.No.191-196.

3. Nair V, Pillai O, Poduri R, Panchagnula R,Iontophoresis- Review From:-

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032 7395. Accessed on-17/8/09.

4. Rawat Swati,Vengurlekar Sudha, B Rakesh, Jain S, Review Article on

Transdermal delivery by iontophoresis From:- http://www.ijpsonline.com/article.asp?issn=0250474X;year=2008;volume=70;issue=1;spage=5;epage=10;aulast=RawatAccessed-25/8/09.

5. Seung Hun Lee, Eung Ho Choi, Kenneth R Feingold, Shaojun Jiang and Sung Ku Ahn,Department of Dermatology From:-http://www.nature.com/jid/journal/v111/n1/full/5600285a.html. Accessed on-28/809.

16


17/19

1717

6. Thomas I. Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis: a therapeutic challengeFrom:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007293.htm.Accessed on-17/8/09

7. Rai Reena, Srinivas CR, Department of Dermatology, From :-http://www.ijdvl.com/article.asp?issn=03786323;year=2005;volume=71;issue=4;spage=236;epage=241;aulast=Rai.Accessed on-25/8/09

8. Bhaskaran S, Harsha N Shree Effect of permeation enhancer and

iontophoresis on permeation of atenolol from transdermal gels From:-http://www.ijpsonline.com/article.asp?issn=0250474X;year=2000;volume=62;issue=6;spage=424;epage=426;aulast=Bhaskaran;type=0. Accessed on-3/9/09

9. Nair V, Pillai O, Poduri R, Transdermal iontophoresis. Part I: Basicprinciples and considerations From:-

http://journals.prous.com/journals/servlet/xmlxsl/pk_journals.xml_summary_pr?p_JournalId=6&p_RefId=529241&p_IsPs=N5 Accessedon- 7/9/09

17


18/19

1818

Queries?????

18


19/19

1919

THANK YOU

19

DHEERAJ KHANDELWAL

Documents

Transcript of DHEERAJ KHANDELWAL