DF 2-8 C33052_20_F0

C33052001PE_A0 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy

DF 2-82 and 8 Mbit/s OPTICAL LINE EQUIPMENT

Operating Manual

C33052.20 F0

DF 2-8 Operating Manual

C33052001PE_A0� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyii

The following products comply with the protection requirements of the European Union Council Directive

89/336/EEC relating to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), provided that installed using EMC-compatibleinstallation practices (installation in mechanical housings stated to be EMC-compatible and using cabling material[at least as well shielded] and practices as stated in relevant Nokia Networks user manuals):

Product code Product name Release

TA 21513 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm MM/SM LED 05A...08A

TA 21516 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm SM laser, C1 05A...08A

TA 21518 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm SM laser, LP, C1 05A...08A

TA 21519 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1550 nm DFB laser 01A, 02A

� COPYRIGHT Nokia Networks Oy 1993 - 2000All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be copied, distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated intoany human or computer language without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks Oy.

The manufacturer has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in the documents are adequate and freeof errors and omissions. The manufacturer will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the documents.The manufacturer’s liability for any errors in the documents is limited to the correction of errors and the aforementionedadvisory services.

The documents have been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumesfull responsibility when using them.The manufacturer welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continualdevelopment and improvement of the documentation in the best way possible from the user’s viewpoint. Please submit yourcomments to the nearest Nokia sales representative.

NOKIA is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.

Any other trademarks mentioned in the documents are the property of their respective owners.

C33052001PE_A0 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy iii

Document HistoryDocument Date Comment

C33052001PE_00 18 Jan 1994

C33052001PE_A0 14 June 2000 New document template and numbering. Prod-uct codes deleted. Code TA 21519 added.


C33052001PE_A0� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyiv

C33052001PE_A0 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy v

Contents

1 Functional description C33052002SE_00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 Installation C33052003SE_00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 Operation C33052004SE_00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 Service Menu ReferenceProgram TS 21905, version 05A DF200-0446-SED1. . . . . . . . . . .


C33052001PE_A0� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyvi

C33052002SE_00 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy


Functional description

DF 2-8 Functional description

C33052002SE_00� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyii






C33052002SE_00 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy iii


DF200–0449–SEC3 18 Jan 1994

C33052002SE_00 14 June 2000 New document template and number. Productcodes deleted. Code TA 21519 added.


C33052002SE_00� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyiv

C33052002SE_00 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy v

Contents

Chapter 1Introduction 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Main functions 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2 Construction 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terminal repeaters 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programs 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cartridges 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3 Transmission management 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.4 Technical specifications 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 2Equipment operation 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Blocks and their functions 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2 Interfaces 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3 Operation in transmit direction 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4 Operation in receive direction 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.5 Frame structure 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.6 Data hybrid 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.7 Service telephone 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.8 Optical functions 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1 Laser transmitter 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Structure and operation 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measurements, alarms and calibrations 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automatic cut-off and restart 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.8.2 Optical receiver 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measurement 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.9 Successive systems 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.10 Line code in one-fibre and two-fibre systems 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


C33052002SE_00� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyvi

2.11 Alarms 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service LEDs 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rack alarm lamps 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmable alarm outputs 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.12 Loopbacks 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.13 Signal path test 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.14 Signal quality and compilation of statistics 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BER measurement 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error counter 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compiling of statistics 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 3Transmission management functions 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction

C33052002SE_00 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy 1

Chapter 1Introduction

DF 2-8 is an optical line equipment of Nokia LINECARD equipment family. Itcan be provided with a LED or laser transmitter and connected to a multimode(MM) or single-mode (SM) fibre.

The transmission bit rate of the optical line equipment DF 2-8 is either 2048 kbit/sor 8448 kbit/s. The bit rate is software selectable.

Figure 1 Optical line equipment DF 2-8, terminal repeater


C33052002SE_00� Copyright Nokia Networks Oy2

1.1 Main functionsThe terminal repeaters of the line equipment DF 2-8 match the following channelsto be transmitted along an optical fibre:

� 2 Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s main channel

� two asynchronous data channels with 34 kHz sampling frequency (trans-mission bit rate 2 Mbit/s) or with 70 kHz sampling frequency (transmissionbit rate 8 Mbit/s)

� service telephone channel.

1.2 ConstructionThe terminal repeaters of the line equipment DF 2-8 are plug-in units constructedon a EURO-2 size circuit board. The terminal repeaters are installed into car-tridges conforming either to the TM4 or the TM4-EMC Construction Practice (seethe corresponding manuals).

Terminal repeatersDepending on the transmission path fibre and the required optical output power,one of the following terminal repeaters is used:

� TA 21513 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm MM/SM LED� TA 21516 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm SM laser, C1� TA 21518 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1300 nm SM laser, LP, C1� TA 21519 DF 2-8 Terminal Repeater, 1550 DFB laser, FC connector

SM = single-modeMM = multimodeLP = low-powerC1 = safety class 1 (IEC 825)DFB = distributed feedback. The optical spectrum of the DFB laser trans-

mitter is significantly narrower than that of other single-mode lasers.

ProgramsAll the above-mentioned terminal repeaters can be provided with the same pro-gram.

� TS 21905 DF 2-8 Program

CartridgesNormal TM4 and TM4-EMC cartridges.

Introduction


1.3 Transmission managementEquipment operation is controlled using the Service Terminal via the serviceinterface on the front edge of the equipment. Through this interface, equipmentstate and alarm data are read, controls and settings are given, loopbacks areordered, etc. Communications in the service interface are serial formatted. (Seethe Operating Handbook for the Service Terminal and the separate description’Service Menu Reference’ dealing with this equipment.)

The equipment can also be controlled by the TMS Transmission ManagementSystem (see the corresponding Operating Handbook).

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Figure 2 Two terminal repeaters DF 2-8 as equipped into a cartridge of theTM4 Construction Practice and Service Terminal

The service interfaces can be connected into a bus at the equipment station, andbuses of the different stations can be further connected into a service network bymeans of the data channel in the equipment. All equipment connected to the bus ornetwork can then be remote-controlled from one point using the Service Terminalor the Transmission Management System (see the corresponding handbooks).



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Figure 3 Connecting possibilities for the Service Terminal

Introduction


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Figure 4 Installation alternatives for equipment cartridges (TM4 Construction Practice)



1.4 Technical specifications

Optical interface OIITU Recommendations G.651, G.652, G.821, G.956Wavelength 1280-1330 nm or 1520-1575 nm 1)

Optical connector FC, type PCFibre type single-mode or multimodeLine baud rate 3277 kbaud (transm. bit rate 2 M) or 11827

kbaud (transm. bit rate 8 M)Line code 5B6B

Max. receive power � 0 dBmConnector loss � 1 dB

Output power Laser 1300 nm Laser 1550 nm– single-mode, C1 � –4 dBm –3 dBm– single-mode, low-power, C1 � –14 dBm –

LED 1300 nm– multimode � –21 dBm – single-mode � –30 dBm

Receiver sensitivity (BER E-10) 1300 nm or 1550 nm– transmission bit rate 2 Mbit/s � –52 dBm– transmission bit rate 8 Mbit/s � –47 dBm

Digital interface MAINIITU Recommendations G.703, G.823

2 Mbit/s 8 Mbit/sBit rate (kbit/s) 2048 � 50 ppm 8448 � 30 ppmLine code HDB3 HDB3Pulse shape rectangular rectangularPeak voltage/ 2.37 V/75 ohm 2.37 V/75 ohmimpedance 3.0 V/120 ohmNominal pulse width 244 ns 59 nsInput signal attenuation 0...6 dB/1 MHz 0...6 dB/4.2 MHz

�� These limits are valid for units with LEDs or uncooled lasers at 20 � 5 �C and for cooled lasers at 20...50 �C. If these unitsare used at other temperatures, it should be noted that the centre wavelength may exceed the limits. The temperature coeffi-cient of the centre wavelength is max. 0.6 nm/�C.

Introduction


Service interface MIITU Recommendation V.11Type asynchronousBaud rate 75...9600 baud

Data interfaces DI DI2ITU Recommendation V.11 V.11Type asynchronous contradirectional DCESampling frequency 34 kHz (transm. bit rate 2 M) or 70 kHz

(transm. bit rate 8 M)

Service telephone interface TIType 4-wireFrequency range 300...3400 Hz (G.232 port B)Nominal power –4 dBrOverload point > –0.5 dBm0

Programmable alarm outputs PA1 and PA2– active state I > 5 mA, Udc < 2 V– passive state I < 50 �A, –75 V < Udc < –12 V

Power supply and power consumption– type built-in DC/DC converter– input voltage –20...–72 V DC– power consumption 10...14 W (depending on the transmitter type)

Dimensions height 233 mm/6 Uwidth 50 mm/10 Tdepth 160 mm

Environment Operation Transport and storage– temperature –10...+50 �C –40...+70 �C– humidity 95 % at 30 �C max. 98 %

Table 1 Optical line equipment DF 2-8, technical specifications

Equipment operation


Chapter 2Equipment operation

2.1 Blocks and their functionsLine terminal block diagram, see Figure 5.

Line terminal Block name and functions block

IM Main channel interface repeater

� generates the outgoing 2 Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s interfacesignal

� equalizes, regenerates, and converts the received 2Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s interface signal into binary format aswell as generates the clock frequency for the incomingdata

� performs HDB3 coding and decoding� when required, connects a loopback to equipment or to

interface.

MUX Multiplexer

� combines the signals coming from the main channel in-terface, service and data interfaces, and service tele-phone interface.

LENC Line encoder

� generates the line signal frame� performs 5B6B line coding.



E/O Electro-optical transducer

� converts the outgoing electrical signal into optical sig-nal.

O/E Optoelectrical transducer

� converts the incoming optical signal into electrical sig-nal

� generates the clock frequency for the incoming data.

LDEC Line decoder

� performs 6B5B line decoding� disassembles the line signal frame� controls the error rate of the received signal.

DEMUX Demultiplexer

� distributes the signals to main channel interface, serviceand data interfaces, and service telephone interface.

V.11 V.11 interfaces

� convert the outgoing binary signal into interface signal� convert the received interface signal into binary signal.

IT Service telephone interface

� amplifies and sums up the analog interface signals.

TC Service telephone codec

� filters the analog signals of both transmission directions� performs analog/digital and digital/analog conversions.

Equipment operation


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Figure 5 Terminal repeater DF 2-8; block diagram and interfaces



CONTROL Control and monitoring

Block controlled by the local processor:� transmits data to the service interface (MI) on the equip-

ment status, settings, and controls� sets data corresponding to the equipment status to the

rack alarm interface (A)� when the operating voltages of the equipment are cut

off, gives an alarm A by means of an external +5 V aux-iliary voltage

� performs settings and controls coming via the serviceinterface

� controls the equipment operation in fault conditions� compiles statistics on fault conditions.

DC/DC Power supply

� generates from the central battery voltage the supplyvoltages required by the equipment (+5 V, +12 V and–12 V).

2.2 InterfacesIn the terminal repeater, the user is connected only to the connectors located on thefront edge of the unit. The unit’s back connector is intended for connecting theequipment power supply and rack alarms through the motherboard of the equip-ment cartridge.

The location of the signals at the front connectors is shown in Figure 6.

Cabling is described in more detail in the ’Installation’ part of this manual and inthe Operating Handbooks for the TM4 and TM4-EMC Construction Practices.

Equipment operation


a b c

Service LEDsred

yellow

green

P1

TOA1

TOA2

DO2A

FEAT

TIA1

TIA2

DI2A

FEAR

MIAMIBDIADIB

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MOAMOBDOADOB

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Service and data interfaces

Service interface, incoming AService interface, incoming BData interface, incoming AData interface, incoming B

Programmable alarm output+5 V measurement point

Service tel. interf. 1, incoming AService tel. interf. 1, incoming BService tel. interf. 2, incoming AService tel. interf. 2, incoming BData interface 2, incoming AData interface 2, incoming BFar–end alarm, incoming

Service interface, outgoing AService interface, outgoing BData interface, outgoing AData interface, outgoing B

Programmable alarm outputProgrammable input

Service tel. interf. 1, outgoing AService tel. interf. 1, outgoing BService tel. interf. 2, outgoing AService tel. interf. 2, outgoing BData interface 2, outgoing AData interface 2, outgoing BFar–end alarm, outgoing

J2

J6

Main channel interface,

MIN

MOUT

Main channel, incoming

Main channel, outgoing

Optical interface

OOUT

OIN

Optical, outgoing

Optical, incoming

MP Measurement point

J3

J4

J5

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unbalanced

balanced

b2, 3 GND, ground

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b16

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b4 DOCB Data interface 2, outgoing clock Bb5 DOCA Data interface 2, outgoing clock Ab6 DICB Data interface 2, incoming clock Bb7 DICA Data interface 2, incoming clock Ab8-11 –

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Figure 6 Terminal repeater DF 2-8, interfaces



Main channel interface 2 M or 8 M (SMB coaxial connectors J3 and J4 or euroconnector P2)

MIN Main Signal In

� Incoming main channel signal 2 Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s.� The unit includes the incoming main channel interface

MIN for both the 75-ohm unbalanced and the 120-ohmbalanced cable.

� The sheath of the incoming signal cable can be con-nected or left unconnected to equipment ground. Thecorresponding strapping must also be made in the equip-ment.

MOUT Main Signal Out

� Outgoing main channel signal 2 Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s.� The unit includes the outgoing main channel interface

MOUT for both the 75-ohm unbalanced and the120-ohm balanced cable.

Optical interface (FC fibre connectors J2 and J6)

OIN Optical Signal In

� Incoming optical signal.

OOUT Optical Signal Out

� Outgoing optical signal.

Equipment operation


Measurement point (SMB coaxial connector J5)

MP Measurement Point

� Measurement point for the incoming or outgoing signalor the AIS oscillator frequency of the main channel. Thesignal to be measured is selected for the measurementpoint using the Service Terminal.

Service and data interfaces (Euroconnector P1)

MI Service Interface

� Service interface for the Service Terminal or Trans-mission Management Computer. Via this interface, set-tings and controls are given to the equipment, andstatuses, fault data, and statistics are read. Bidirectional.Differential levels as per ITU V.11 (EIA RS-422).

� If the data hybrid is not in use, the interface is active onlywhen the equipment transmits the signal out. At othertimes, the output is at a high-impedance state, so the in-terface can be connected to a bus together with othercorresponding interfaces, whereupon several sets ofequipment can be controlled from one point.

DI Data Interface

� Data interface for transferring asynchronous serial-for-matted data as a separate channel along with the framestructure. Can be used for transferring the desired bitdata in general, or can be externally wired specificallyfor transmission management communications. Bi-directional. Differential levels as per ITU V.11 (EIARS-422).

� Unlike the interface MI, the data interfaces are alwaysactive; they are not intended to be a bus.

� The interface DI can be connected to the interface MI byusing the internal data hybrid of the equipment.



DI2 Data Interface 2

� Data interface for transferring asynchronous serial-for-matted data as a separate channel along with the framestructure. Can be used as contradirectional DCE forfaster bit rates. (34 kbit/s for 2M or 70 kbits/s for 8M bitrate. Differential levels as per ITU V.11 (EIA RS422).

PA1 Programmable Alarm Output 1PA2 Programmable Alarm Output 2

� Programmable equipment alarm outputs. The exactoperation of the signals in case of different alarm com-binations can be set using the Service Terminal. PA1 isalso always activated if a power supply fault arises in theequipment.

� The user adapts these signals for his own purposes, forexample, connecting them to his own fault monitoringsystem.

PIN Programmable Input

� Programmable input interface. Activated by grounding.

� Opens the data hybrid. Also used when bypassing pass-word functions, for example, if the password is for-gotten.

TI Service Telephone Interface

� Service telephone interface for establishing an end-to-end telephone connection for the line equipment.

� Comprises two inputs and two outputs which are con-nected in parallel by means of a hybrid. The telephoneconnection can be chained through several sets of lineequipment and parallel connection is possible at inter-mediate stations.

FEAR Far-end Alarm Receive SignalFEAT Far-end Alarm Transmit Signal

� Incoming and outgoing far-end alarm signal. If thetransmission connection consists of several successiveconnections, data on a far-end alarm is chained bymeans of these.

Equipment operation


Power supply and rack alarm interfaces (Back connector PB1)

A Alarm Interface

� Rack alarm interface via which alarms caused by theequipment are transmitted to the rack. Based on faultconditions and settings, the equipment generates data onwhether the alarm is prompt (A), deferred (B), or if it is amatter of alarm cancellation (D).

P Power Interface

� Power supply interface through which the equipmentobtains the central battery voltages (–20...–72 V DC)and the external auxiliary voltage (+5 V).

2.3 Operation in transmit directionIn the transmit direction the incoming interface signals are first converted intobinary format and then combined into one bit stream in the MUX block.

The line signal frame is generated and the signal is line coded in the LENC block.The E/O block converts the outgoing signal into optical signal.

2.4 Operation in receive directionIn receive direction the optical signal coming from the line is first converted intoelectrical signal (block O/E). After that the signal is line decoded and its frame isdisassembled in the LDEC block.

In the DEMUX block the incoming bit stream is divided into parts which are takento the interface blocks. Each interface block converts the signal to conform to itsown interface specification.

2.5 Frame structureFor optical transmission a frame is generated in which the main channel, data andservice channels, and the far-end alarm are transmitted. The bit rate of the frame isapproximately 3.277 Mbit/s (transmission bit rate 2 M) or 11.827 Mbit/s (trans-mission bit rate 8 M).



2.6 Data hybridThere is a summing connection (a data hybrid) in the CONTROL block that con-nects the signals coming from the service interface MI, data interface DI, datachannel DCH, or processor CPU to all other interfaces concerned.

The signal coming from the data channel is cut off if the incoming optical signal ismissing or the frame alignment is lost. In that case the data channel’s possibleundefined state will not interfere with the use of the service interface.

However, in some fault conditions a disturbing signal may come from the datachannel, so that a connection to the equipment cannot be established via the ser-vice interface. Then the data hybrid can be opened by connecting the pin PIN toground. After grounding the PIN, the data hybrid is open for the time selected bythe setting Control timeout.

When the data hybrid is active, the MI output is continuously in an active state andthe interface cannot be connected to a bus.

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Figure 7 Data hybrid

Equipment operation


2.7 Service telephone

Servicetelephone

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Figure 8 An example of service telephone network

The front connector P1 of the terminal repeater contains two parallel service tele-phone interfaces. The summing connection (service telephone hybrid) in the ser-vice telephone interface block branches the service telephone to both service tele-phone interfaces and the data channel, and the data channel to both service tele-phone interfaces. Thus a service telephone network is created. Those connected toit can communicate with each others simultaneously.



2.8 Optical functions

2.8.1 Laser transmitter

Structure and operation

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Figure 9 Laser transmitter structure

The main part of the laser transmitter is a laser diode (L) which is located in a lasermodule. In addition to the laser diode, the module contains:

� Photodiode (MON) which measures the laser output power (the power ismaintained constant by feedback). The POWER MEAS output voltage of theblock is proportional to the photodiode current (Figure 9).

� Thermistor (T) which measures the laser temperature (not in the low-powerlaser).

� Peltier cooler (PEL) which is controlled by temperature (not in the low-power laser).

The laser is controlled in states 0 and 1 by the modulation current.

Equipment operation


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Figure 10 Laser control

Measurements, alarms and calibrationsVia the service interface in the terminal repeater the bias current and the outputpower of the laser and also the temperature of a normal laser can be measuredwithout separate measuring devices. By monitoring the increase of the bias cur-rent, it can be detected, e.g., when the laser has aged and needs to be replaced.

An increase in the bias current or the temperature can also produce alarms. Thealarm thresholds are settable via the service interface.

The terminal repeater memory contains data on the initial values of the laser. If thelaser is replaced in connection with repair, the corresponding calibrations must beperformed again. The calibrations are performed by means of the Service Ter-minal, and to prevent an unintentional calibration, the strapping HWP in the ter-minal repeater is disconnected.

Automatic cut-off and restartThe laser transmitter is cut off to protect the laser and for safety reasons if the biascurrent or the optical output power exceeds a defined limit.

For safety reasons the laser can also be cut off when the incoming optical signal ismissing. The operating mode of the automatic cut-off and restart of the laser in thissituation can be selected with the Service Terminal:

� Laser is not cut off.

� Automatic restart. If the optical connection is cut off, both ends of the con-nection control the laser ON and OFF periodically in accordance with Figure11. The system returns automatically to normal state when the optical con-nection functions again.

� Laser is cut off permanently. The system is started manually at either end ofthe connection.



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Figure 11 Automatic laser restart

2.8.2 Optical receiver

MeasurementVia the service interface in the terminal repeater the received optical power can bemeasured without separate measuring devices. The measurement is based on theaverage current of the photodiode. The overall accuracy in the range –40...0 dBmis + 1...2 dB. This facility is suitable to detect large (> 2 dB) changes in thereceived optical power.

2.9 Successive systems

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A chained optical line equipment system is created by connecting the terminalrepeaters at intermediate stations in accordance with Figure 12. In a chaining, themain channel (MAINI), data channels (DI and DI2), far-end alarm (FEA) and oneof the service telephone interfaces (TI1) can be connected from one set of equip-ment to another by cables when required. The other service telephone interface(TI2) of both terminal repeaters still remains free for other use.

Equipment operation


2.10 Line code in one-fibre and two-fibre systemsOn the optical transmission path a line code of type 5B6B is used. In a two-fibresystem, which provides a separate fibre for both transmission directions, the samecode is used in both transmission directions.

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Figure 13 Unidirectional transmission in a two-fibre system

For bidirectional transmission in a one-fibre system a separate line code has to beused in the transmit and receive direction. In case the fibre is cut, part of the trans-mitted power is reflected back to the receivers which have to be able to distinguishtheir own signal from the one sent by the other terminal – otherwise an alarm onthe traffic outage can not be obtained.

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Figure 14 Bidirectional transmission in a one-fibre system

In the optical line equipment DF 2-8 the codes are software settable by the ServiceTerminal. In a two-fibre system conforming to the one shown in Figure 13 normalcode table is used and in a one-fibre system conforming to the one shown in Figure14 code table A/B is set in use in the terminal 1 and code table B/A in the terminal2.



2.11 AlarmsIn fault or control conditions the terminal repeaters

� indicate a fault or a control by the red or yellow service LED on the front edge

� produce the rack alarms A, B, or D via the rack alarm interface

� generate data on the fault or the control, its character, and the service condi-tion of the system (alarm S) for the service interface

� when required, transmit a far-end alarm.

Exact data on the equipment state and on possible faults are obtained via the ser-vice interface using the Service Terminal or Transmission Management Com-puter. With these, programmable alarm outputs PA1 and PA2 can also be set asactive when required, and the behaviour of the equipment can be controlled (foot-notes 1, 2, and 3 of Table 2).

Equipment operation


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Table 2 Fault and control conditions and their consequent actions



Service LEDs� Red serious fault in the equipment

� Yellow fault in the signal received by the equipment, equipment fault, orcontrolled service function in the equipment (e.g. loopback)

� Green equipment accessed by the Service Terminal

Rack alarm lamps� Red Alarm A (prompt)

� White Alarm B (deferred)

� Yellow Alarm D (reminder of alarm cancellation)

If the equipment operating voltages are cut off (power supply fault), the externalauxiliary voltage that is connected to the equipment activates the red service LED,red rack alarm lamp, and programmable alarm output PA1.

Programmable alarm outputsThe equipment’s programmable alarm outputs PA1 and PA2 can be connected inthe desired way, for example, to the user’s own fault monitoring system. In addi-tion, the output PA1 can be used, for example, for controlling the changeoverequipment in protected systems.

2.12 LoopbacksLoopbacks of the equipment are carried out in the interface blocks. Loopbacks areused for checking the equipment, signal cabling or line section e.g. in connectionwith troubleshooting, and they are ordered into effect via the service interfaceusing the Service Terminal or Transmission Management Computer.

So that loopbacks would not accidentally stay in effect, they are automaticallycancelled after a defined time by the setting Control timeout.

In loopbacks the incoming signal is connected back as the outgoing signal and thelooped signal is replaced by the AIS signal.

The loopbacks do not affect the operation of the data channels and the service tele-phone.

Equipment operation


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Figure 15 Loopbacks

2.13 Signal path testThe signal path test is used for checking the condition of the internal signal pathsof the terminal repeater. The test can be ordered by the Service Terminal (or Trans-mission Management Computer).

Before performing the test, external loops must be connected to the main channelinterface and optical interface by cables.

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The test result is available when the equipment has been set into the test mode. Theresult tells if the signal has been totally faultless after setting the test mode or dis-playing the previous test result.



2.14 Signal quality and compilation of statistics

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The line baud rate of the optical signal at the 2 M transmission bit rate is 3.277Mbaud and at the transmission bit rate 8 M 11.827 Mbaud. After block code(5B6B) decoding the rate is 2.731 Mbit/s or 9.856 Mbit/s respectively. This bitstream consists of the bits of the main channel and data channels.

A bit error on the optical side changes the 6 bit code word into an erroneous one.The bits of the decoded 5 bit code word are random, thus there are 2.5 bits wrongon an average. The erroneous code words are detected. After the detection of twoerroneous code words, a message is given to the control block, that is, two erron-eous code words produce one detection meaning 2 x 2.5 = 5 bit errors in the 2.731Mbit/s or 9.856 Mbit/s bit stream.

The result of the error detection is used for:

� error rate alarms� BER measurement� error counter� compiling of statistics.

BER measurementThe measurement time is one second and the result is expressed as an error rate.

Example: The equipment gives one detection per second on an average. The biterror rate is:

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If errors occur at long intervals, the effect of the short measurement time will beseen as a variation of the bit error rate between zero and 1.8 x 10-6 or 5.2 x 10-7.

Equipment operation


Error counterThe error counter contains the cumulative sum of transmission errors. Each detec-tion increases the sum by 5.

The share of the main channel of the total sum of errors will be, on the average:

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Thus, if the number of 8 Mbit/s main channel errors is monitored in cumulativemeasurement with a separate measuring set, the average result obtained is 85 % ofthe result given by the equipment’s own error counter.

Compiling of statisticsThe compiling of statistics complies with the ITU Recommendation G.821. Theequipment is able to tell how many periods belonging to different classifications(severely errored seconds, errored seconds, and degraded minutes) have appearedin the signal, and what is the allocation of these periods with regard to its oper-ational time. The data are readable via the service interface using the Service Ter-minal.

The ITU recommendation presents the maximum values for the different classi-fications at given reference connections. These reference connections are dividedinto three grades:

� high grade, chiefly meaning international long connections� local grade, meaning connections within a country (local)� medium grade, which is in-between the two above grades.

The total amount of erroneous periods allowed is divided among these grades asfollows:

� high grade 40 %� medium grade 15 % (both ends)� local grade 15 % (both ends)

Furthermore, the maximum amounts of erroneous periods from the available timeon the entire connection are:

� degraded minutes 10 %� errored seconds 8 %� severely errored seconds 0.1 %

Because the reference connection is very long compared to practical transmissionconnections, medium grade and local grade can be considered as divided into 50km sections. The amounts of erroneous periods measured from these sections are2...5 % of the entire maximum allowed, depending on the quality level desired(refer to ITU Com XVIII Contribution 30, April 1985).

A proposal on the quality targets for a digital connection is in the accompanyingtable. The proposal is calculated from the aforementioned ITU recommendations.



In calculating errored seconds, generally the transmission rate in relation to the 64kbit/s bit rate must be taken into account, since the maximum amounts of erron-eous periods deal with this rate. In the case of the Line Equipment DF 2-8, this hasalready been taken into account when calculating the statistics. The amountallowed for unavailable time is not given because it depends on the objectives setfor equipment reliability.

Maximumnumber of

Degraded minutes Severely erroredseconds

Errored seconds

% of availabletime

0.2...0.5 0.002...0.005 0.16...0.4

periods permonth (s or min)

80...210 50...130 4150...10400

Table 3 Quality targets for a 50 km or shorter digital section regardingmedium grade and local grade

Transmission management functions


Chapter 3Transmission management functions

Transmission management of the equipment includes e.g. controls, settings, test-ings, and measurements. Transmission management functions are carried outeither locally using the Service Terminal or remotely using the Service Terminalor the TMS Transmission Management System (see the corresponding operatinghandbooks).

The functions are menu-based and the menus have 1...4 levels. The menus of theOptical Line Equipment DF 2-8, their use, and all possible responses are presentedin detail in the description ’Service Menu Reference’ which is appended to thismanual.

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Installation

DF 2-8 Installation









DF200–0450–SEB2 08 June 1993

C33052003SE_00 14 June 2000 New document template and number.

DF 2-8 Installation



Contents

Chapter 1Introduction 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 2Mounting of equipment into cartridge 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Power supply and rack alarm interfaces 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2 Equipping 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 3Signal interfaces and their cabling 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Connectors and cables 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2 Main channel interface 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.3 Optical interface 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.4 Service, data and service telephone interfaces 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.5 Marking of cabling 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 4Strappings 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Strapping information of marking card 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2 Strapping alternatives 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.3 Strapping example 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AppendixFibre connectors and fibre-optic cables,Handling Instructions DND00–0627–XEC1

DF 2-8 Installation


C33052003SE_00 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy vii

The pieces of equipment mentioned in thismanual and marked with this sticker are classifiedas Class 1 laser products. The classification isbased on European standards EN 60825-1:1994,EN 60825-1/A11:1996, and EN 60825-2:1994.They conform to the IEC 825-1:1993 andIEC 825-2:1993 standards of the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC).

Laser safety

1310 nm nominal wavelength

The maximum output power of Class 1

+9.4 dBm (= 8.8 mW)+10 dBm (= 10 mW)1550 nm nominal wavelength

CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT

EN 60825-1:1994

Caution

Using this equipment in ways other than those specified in these instructions mayresult in exposure to laser radiation exceeding the limits of laser Class 1.

DF 2-8 Installation

C33052003SE_00� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyviii

Introduction



The terminal repeaters of the DF 2-8 Line Equipment are installed into cartridgesof the TM4 or the TM4-EMC Construction Practice. The connection of centralbattery voltages and rack alarms to the cartridges as well as the signal cable rout-ing, groundings, and installation planning and work order are described in theoperating handbooks for the construction practices.

The equipment is ready to operate after its installation into a cartridge and the con-nection of signal cables. Before installation its strappings should, however,always be checked as well as the possible changes required be made.

The instructions for installation of the equipment into cartridges, cabling of signalinterfaces, and strappings are given below.

NoteWrist grounding or corresponding protection should always be used when handl-ing a plug-in unit removed from its package.

DF 2-8 Installation


Mounting of equipment into cartridge


Chapter 2Mounting of equipment into cartridge

2.1 Power supply and rack alarm interfacesWhen the equipment is inserted into the cartridge, the central battery voltages andrack alarms are connected through the motherboard of the cartridge and the backconnector PB1 of the equipment. At the same time the equipment is also groundedto the cartridge body.

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Figure 1 Power supply and rack alarm interfaces

DF 2-8 Installation


2.2 EquippingThe connectors on the motherboards of the cartridges and the back connectors ofthe equipment are standardised so that the voltages and rack alarm signals con-veyed by them are always located in the same places in the connectors (see Figure1). Due to this, no unit slots in the cartridges are reserved for particular units and itis also possible to install other equipment of Nokia ND equipment generation con-sisting of one plug-in unit (e.g. DF 34 terminal repeater or DM 8 multiplex equip-ment and Service Telephone, see Figure 2) in the same cartridge together with theDF 2-8 terminal repeater.

The terminal repeater DF 2-8 takes two unit slots (10 T) in a cartridge.

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Figure 2 Equipping examples of TM4 Construction Practice cartridges(20 T)

Signal interfaces and their cabling


Chapter 3Signal interfaces and their cabling

The signal interfaces of the terminal repeater are cabled via front connectors.

The locations of the interfaces are shown in Figure 3 and in the instruction stickersdelivered with the equipment to be affixed on the inside of the cartridge cover.

Only a temporary connection is made to the measurement point on the front edgeof the terminal repeater when service and testing functions are carried out.

3.1 Connectors and cablesThe SMB coaxial connectors and Euroconnectors on the equipment are male con-nectors. The optical connectors are FC fibre connectors of type PC.

Recommendations regarding suitable cables and connectors for symmetrical,coaxial and optical cabling as well as work instructions for the recommendedcables are found in the operating handbooks for the TM4 and the TM4-EMC Con-struction Practice.

3.2 Main channel interfaceThe main channel interfaces are cabled to the coaxial connectors J3 and J4 or toeuroconnector P2 (2M) on the terminal repeater (see Figure 3).

NoteThe balance, impedance, and groundings of the main channel interfaces are alsoset with strappings.

3.3 Optical interfaceThe optical interfaces are cabled to the fibre connectors J2 and J6 on the terminalrepeater (see Figure 3).

DF 2-8 Installation


3.4 Service, data and service telephone interfacesThe service, data and service telephone interfaces can be permanently cabled tothe Euroconnector P1 with symmetrical cable (see Figure 3).

The programmable alarm outputs PA1 and PA2 as well as the far-end alarmsFEAR and FEAT are cabled when required.

The Service Terminal is connected to the equipment with an interface cable setdelivered with the Terminal.

Signal interfaces and their cabling


a b c

Service LEDsred

yellow

green

P1

TOA1

TOA2

DO2A

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TIA2

DI2A

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Service and data interfaces

Service interface, incoming AService interface, incoming BData interface, incoming AData interface, incoming B

Programmable alarm output+5 V measurement point

Service tel. interf. 1, incoming AService tel. interf. 1, incoming BService tel. interf. 2, incoming AService tel. interf. 2, incoming BData interface 2, incoming AData interface 2, incoming BFar–end alarm, incoming

Service interface, outgoing AService interface, outgoing BData interface, outgoing AData interface, outgoing B

Programmable alarm outputProgrammable input

Service tel. interf. 1, outgoing AService tel. interf. 1, outgoing BService tel. interf. 2, outgoing AService tel. interf. 2, outgoing BData interface 2, outgoing AData interface 2, outgoing BFar–end alarm, outgoing

J2

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OIN

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Optical, incoming

MP Measurement point

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Figure 3 DF 2-8 terminal repeater, signal interfaces

DF 2-8 Installation


3.5 Marking of cablingCables are to be marked so that it is later possible to see where they lead. Markingsshould specify the equipment and connectors concerned. The cabling informationas well as the strapping information is also recorded on the marking cards deliv-ered with the equipment.

Instructions for the markings can be found in the operating handbooks for the con-struction practices.

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Strappings


Chapter 4Strappings

4.1 Strapping information of marking cardA marking card (example, see Figures 4 and 5) is delivered with each equipment.One side of this card is reserved for strapping information (the other side for cab-ling information).

The card provides concise strapping instructions, a picture of the locations of thestrappings on the PCB, an instruction for marking them as well as space for mark-ing the strappings in effect. In addition, it also shows the factory strappings of theequipment.

A properly filled card also facilitates later servicing, testing and installation.

DF 2-8 Installation


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INSTRUCTIONS FOR MARKING THE STRAPPINGS

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONNECTING THE STRAPPINGS

MARKING OF STRAPPINGSIN EFFECT/FACTORY STRAPPINGS

Figure 5 Marking card, strapping information

Strappings


4.2 Strapping alternativesThe terminal repeater strappings to be checked in connection with installation aredescribed below together with their meanings. The strappings are made by U-jumpers.

Pin row/ Strapping functionstrapping

NR1E/HWP Strapping for preventing the transmitter type setting, caliba-tions, signal tests and scrambler operation controls as well aswriting into the EEPROM memory during normal use and forenabling these functions in connection with repair.

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DF 2-8 Installation


Pin row/ Strapping functionstrapping

NR1/I120I75IGNDOGND Strappings for setting the impedance of the 2M/8M main

channel interface to 75 ohm or 120 ohm and for groundingor not grounding the cable sheath of the incoming signal MIN.

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Strapping IGND can also be made using U-jumper TX 21360 which is providedwith a capacitor. In this case, the cable sheath is only AC-coupled to ground.

Strappings


4.3 Strapping exampleThe main channel interface strapping NR1 IGND affects the grounding of theincoming signal MIN cable sheath.

The marking card (Figure 5) shows that the pin row NR1 is located up on the frontedge of the PCB and that the factory strapping is the alternative ”a”, that is, thesheath of the unbalanced 75 ohm cable is grounded.

If one wishes to leave the unbalanced cable sheath ungrounded, the U-jumperIGND is removed from pin row NR1 and the alternative ”b” is recorded on themarking card as the current strapping.

If a 120 ohm balanced cable is used, the I75 U-jumper is moved to the I120 posi-tion and the OGND jumper is removed. This is alternative ”c” on the markingcard.

If the cable sheath is not to be grounded at the input, the U-jumper IGND isremoved and alternative ”d” is recorded as the current strapping.

DF 2-8 Installation


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Operation

DF 2-8 Operation









DF200–0451–SEB2 08 June 1993

C33052004SE_00 14 June 2000 New document template and number.

DF 2-8 Operation



Contents

Chapter 1Introduction 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 2Commissioning 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Software settings 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Identifications 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Settings 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User privileges 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2 Commissioning measurements 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3 Statistics resetting 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 3Maintenance 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Alarms 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2 State and fault messages 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Optical interface 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.2 MAIN interface 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.3 Control block 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.4 Repeater FEA 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.3 Fault location 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.4 Performance and follow-up measurements 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supply voltages 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optical quantities 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error rate and jitter measurements 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.5 Monitoring of statistics 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DF 2-8 Operation


Introduction



The operation of the Optical Line Equipment DF 2-8 is controlled via the serviceinterface MI using the Service Terminal. Through this interface, equipment stateand alarm data are read, controls and settings are given, loopbacks are ordered, etc.

If the service interfaces have been connected into a bus and the buses have beenfurther connected into a service network by means of a data channel, all equipmentconnected to the bus or network can be remote-controlled from one point using theService Terminal or the Transmission Management System TMS (see the corre-sponding operating handbooks).

Enclosed to this manual is a separate description of the DF 2-8, ’Service MenuReference’. The service menus obtained from the equipment and their use aredescribed in this description. For the Service Terminal there is a separate Operat-ing Handbook.

DF 2-8 Operation


Commissioning


Chapter 2Commissioning

The equipment is ready to operate after its installation into a cartridge and the con-nection of signal cables. Before commissioning, however, the software settingsshould be checked, the clock frequencies should be measured, if required, and thestatistics and error counters must be reset.

2.1 Software settingsIn connection with the commissioning, the equipment name and the followingpermanent settings shall be checked and the required changes be made. Thenumber of the service menu through which the change is made and the factory set-ting are given in parentheses.

Identifications

Equipment name (4,7,2/DF2-8 AB)

Settings

Baud rate (6,1,1/9600 bit/s)In case the equipment is not in a bus, a service interface MI speed as high as poss-ible (9600) should be used. When the equipment is in a bus, the speed is set tocorrespond to the one used in the bus.

Address (6,1,2/4095)Each equipment in the bus shall have its own address by means of which it can beaccessed separately. Equipment which is not in the bus does not need an address;the connection can be established using the address 4095 common to all equip-ment.

Rack alarm functions (6,1,3/normal)

If it is desired that rack alarms are not given normally, e.g. during commissioning,the alarms can be set to be inhibited or urgent alarms A can be replaced by lessurgent alarms B.

DF 2-8 Operation


Rack alarm delay (6,1,4/1 s)If it is desired that short, occasional alarms are filtered, that is, prevent them fromcausing a rack alarm A, a time > 0 is set here. However, even then continual shortalarms will cause a rack alarm.

Programmable alarm outputs PA1 and PA2 functions (6,1,5PA1/alarm A activates; 6,1,6 PA2/alarm B activates)The desired alarm condition is selected by this setting to activate the outputs PA1and PA2. From them, alarm data can be collected with some fault monitoring sys-tem. The output PA1 can also be used e.g. to control a change-over equipment inprotected systems.

Control timeout (6,1,7/10 min)

A time is selected during which the controls remain active. Normally the time canbe short (< 10 min) but if one wishes to keep a certain control (e.g. loopback inconnection with testing) active for a longer period, the timeout can be set to begreater (max. 65000 min).

Data hybrid configuration (6,1,8/set OFF)The use of the data hybrid depends on the structure of the service network.

Transmission bit rate (6,2,1/2048 kbit/s)

The main channel transmission bit rate is set to 8448 kbit/s if required.

Code table (6,2,2/normal code table (two-fibre system)The selection of the code table depends on whether the system in use is a one-fibreor two-fibre system.

In a two-fibre system normal code table is used. For bidirectional transmission in aone-fibre system the code A/B is set in use in the terminal at one end of the linesection and the code B/A in the terminal at the other end.

Consequences of far-end alarm (6,3,2/S-alarm)No alarm is usually given of the received far-end alarm because the fault has beendetected elsewhere but if desired, alarm A or alarm B can be set to be given. How-ever, S-alarm visible in the Service Terminal is always given. It indicates that themain service of the system is missing.

Alarm threshold for BER: AIS & A-alarm (6,4,1/E-3)

For the bit error rate an alarm threshold is set (E-3 or E-4) at which the AIS will beconnected in the place of the signal and A-alarm be given.

Alarm threshold for BER: B-alarm (6,4,2/transmission bit rate 2M:E-5, transmission bit rate 8M: E-6)For the bit error rate an alarm threshold is set (E-5 or E-6) at which B-alarm will begiven.

Commissioning


Alarm threshold for laser bias current (6,4,3/50 %)An alarm threshold for the laser transmitter bias current alarm is set or the alarm isset out of use. The alarm threshold is set by giving the permissible percentual in-crease for the initial bias current value of the laser. (Not in terminal repeaters pro-vided with a low-power laser or LED transmitter).

Alarm threshold for laser temperature (6,4,4/40 �C)An alarm threshold for the laser transmitter temperature alarm is set or the alarm isset out of use. (Not in terminal repeaters provided with a low-power laser or LEDtransmitter).

Laser safety mode (6,6/laser cut-off not in use)The desired operating mode of the automatic cut-off and restart of the laser trans-mitter in case the incoming optical signal is missing is set. (Not in terminalrepeaters provided with a LED transmitter).

If the laser cut-off is not in use (6,6,1), the laser transmitter is not cut off eventhough the incoming optical signal were missing. For safety reasons, however, thelaser transmitter can be set to operate so that it is cut off when the incoming opticalsignal is missing (6,6,2 or 6,6,3).

When item 6,6,2 is set, the laser restart is in use and after a cut-off the laser trans-mitter restarts automatically as soon as the incoming optical signal is recovered.When item 6,6,3 is set, the restart is not in use and after a cut-off the laser trans-mitter can be restarted only manually.

The lasers are manually restarted by item 5,4,4.

Default settings (6,7)With this setting the so-called factory settings can be restored to the equipment.Does not affect the settings Baud rate, Address, Transmission bit rate, Code table,Transmitter type, or Calibrations.

User privileges

Timeout (10,4,1/10 min)The time which the privileges obtained with the password or PIN signal (seeProtections) are in effect is set (max. 1000 min).

Protections (10,4,2/no protections)Some of the transmission management functions of the equipment can be pro-tected against misuse. The protection is implemented by setting either a password(makes remote operation possible) or PIN signal as the condition for operation.The making of settings and controls is restricted by the PIN signal only to localoperation and thus the possibility of misuse is smaller but the remote-controlledmanagement of the network becomes more difficult.

DF 2-8 Operation


Password (10,4,3/ – )The password can consist of 1...7 characters. The protection is activated by item10,4,2 Protections. It is recommended that this is set only after the commissioningof the equipment and when the connection functions faultlessly.

2.2 Commissioning measurementsCommissioning measurements are not necessarily required. Clock frequencies,however, can be measured if desired.

The main channel AIS oscillator frequency is measured from the terminal repeatermeasurement point MP. The frequency is connected to the measurement pointthrough the service menu 5,5. The signal coming to the measurement point is AISclock divided by 5.

The recommended values for the frequencies are:

� 2M clock: 409.59 ... 409.61 kHz (409.6 kHz � 30 ppm)� 8M clock: 1689.57 ... 1689.63 kHz (1689.6 kHz � 20 ppm)

2.3 Statistics resettingSignal quality statistics and error counters are reset during commissioning.

� Reset statistics (8,1,1)� Reset error counters (8,2,1)

In this way it is made sure that the compilation of statistics and error counting startfrom the commissioning.

Maintenance


Chapter 3Maintenance

The equipment does not require scheduled maintenance. Maintenance is neededonly when the equipment indicates with alarms that there is a fault. Accurate dataconcerning the equipment state and the nature of the fault are obtained via the Ser-vice Terminal.

Additional data on the condition of the equipment and the signal quality areobtained from the measurements and statistics made by the equipment itself.Measurement results and statistics are read with the Service Terminal.

By means of the Service Terminal, also the tests and loopbacks possibly requiredin fault location can be made.

DF 2-8 Operation


3.1 Alarms

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Table 1 Interpretation of alarms

When the red service LED is lit, there is a serious fault in the equipment and itusually has to be replaced by a new one. It is probably a question of power supplyfailure, that is, the equipment-specific power supply does not function. The redservice LED, red rack alarm lamp and programmable alarm output PA1 are acti-vated by means of an external auxiliary voltage.

DF 2-8 Operation


When the yellow service LED is lit, the fault may, for example, be in the signalreceived by the equipment. The alarm can also be caused by some controlled ser-vice function performed in the equipment (e.g. loopback). The alarming equip-ment itself is not necessarily faulty; the fault may be in the far-end equipment, sig-nal cabling or the line section.

The green service LED is lit when the equipment is accessed by the Service Ter-minal.

3.2 State and fault messagesThe state and fault messages of the equipment obtained through the service menu 1Fault display by the Service Terminal or the TMS Transmission Management Sys-tem are described below together with their meanings. The rack alarm/serviceLED indication obtained from the equipment in each situation is given in parenth-eses.

3.2.1 Optical interface

No incoming line signal (A/yellow)The incoming optical signal is missing. The operating mode of the automatic cut-off and restart of the laser transmitter in this fault situation can be set with the Ser-vice Terminal.

Frame alignment lost (A/yellow)The frame alignment of the incoming optical signal is lost.

BER > E-3/E-4 (A/yellow)

The bit error rate of the incoming optical signal is worse than the set thresholdvalue E-3 or E-4.

BER > E-5/E-6 (B/yellow)The bit error rate of the incoming optical signal is worse than the set thresholdvalue E-5 or E-6.

Far-end alarm (A, B or – /if A or B, yellow)Far-end alarm received from the optical line. The function of the alarms in thisfault condition can be set with the Service Terminal.

Laser bias out of range (B/yellow)The laser transmitter bias current has exceeded the set alarm threshold. The alarmcan be set altogether out of use with the Service Terminal.

Laser power out of range (A/yellow)The laser transmitter output power has exceeded the cut-off threshold.

Maintenance


Laser temperature out of range (B/yellow)The laser transmitter temperature has exceeded the set alarm threshold. The alarmcan be set altogether out of use with the Service Terminal.

Forced control on (A or B/yellow)The laser transmitter is force-controlled ON (alarm B) or OFF (alarm A).

Forced laser cut-off (A/yellow)

The laser transmitter is cut off. The cut-off may be caused by the missing of theincoming optical signal (in case under the item Safety mode, the option Laserrestart not in use has been set), by the bias current or the optical output powerexceeding the defined limit, or by a force-control.

Test mode (A/yellow)An equipment test is running.

3.2.2 MAIN interface

No incoming 2M/8M signal (A/yellow)The incoming 2 Mbit/s or 8 Mbit/s main channel signal is missing.

Loop to interface (A/yellow)Loopback to interface is connected at the main channel interface.

Loop to equipment (A/yellow)Loopback to equipment is connected at the main channel interface.

Test mode (A/yellow)An equipment test is running.

3.2.3 Control block

Memory fault (B/yellow)A fault detected by the equipment in EPROM, RAM or EEPROM test.

Eq. reset (A/ – )

The local processor of the equipment has been reset (or some other similar mal-function). This fault message is obtained via the TMS Transmission ManagementSystem only.

DF 2-8 Operation


3.2.4 Repeater FEA

Far-end alarm (A, B or – /if A or B, yellow)In a chained line equipment system a far-end alarm has been received from theterminal repeater front connector. The function of the alarms in this fault conditioncan be set with the Service Terminal.

3.3 Fault locationSometimes in fault conditions, an alarm is received simultaneously from severalsets of equipment. This is due to the fact that the effect of the fault spreads alongthe signal path with the faulty signal. Usually, however, the set of equipment thathas detected a fault transmits the AIS whereupon the other sets do not alarm butindicate the AIS.

If it is not possible to locate the fault on the basis of the fault data provided by thealarms and the Service Terminal, the use of equipment and interface loopbacks,testing of the internal signal path of the equipment, and memory tests can be ofhelp.

NoteLoopbacks and signal path tests cut off the traffic. Unless cancelled, they are ineffect during the whole time set for controls (6,1,7 Control timeout).

The operation of the data channels and the service telephone is, however, not af-fected by the loopbacks.

Loop-back to interface (5,2,2)Loopback to interface is used in testing a line section and signal cabling.

The loopback can be made at the 2/8 Mbit/s main channel interface.

Loop-back to equipment (5,2,3)Loopback to equipment is used in testing the equipment, line section and signalcabling.

The loopback can be made at the 2/8 Mbit/s main channel interface.

Maintenance


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Signal path test (9,2)Signal path test is used for testing the internal signal path of the equipment. Thetest signal can, however, be connected to the test signal detector using differentroutes by making loopbacks somewhere else than inside the equipment and thusthe network can be tested more extensively.

For the signal path test, external loops have to be connected to the main channelinterface and the optical interface by cables.

The test is started with the service menu command 9,2,2. As test result (9,2,3)either the answer Passed or Failed is obtained depending whether the signal hasbeen faultless or not after the setting of test mode or the previous displaying of theresult. If the answer is Failed, the equipment is faulty and it should be replaced by afunctioning one.

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DF 2-8 Operation


EPROM (9,5) RAM (9,6) and EEPROM (9,7) testsThe following answers can be obtained from the memory tests ordered with theService Terminal:

� OK� EPROM failed� Int. RAM failed� Ext. RAM failed� Int. and ext. RAMs failed� EEPROM failed� Too many corrections in EEPROM.

The answer Too many corrections in EEPROM gives a warning of an impendingfault and it is advisable to have the equipment repaired.

3.4 Performance and follow-up measurementsSince the equipment itself collects data on signal quality and error occurrences andindicates faults by alarms, only few performance measurements carried out withseparate measurement instruments are required.

The supply voltages, quantities related to optical components, and the bit errorrate can be measured using the Service Terminal.

Supply voltagesThe supply voltages can be measured and the result read through the Service Ter-minal menu 7,1.

If the supply voltages deviate from the recommended values, it is advisable tohave the equipment checked. The allowable range of variation for the +5 V volt-age is +5 % and for the +12 V voltages +10 %.

Optical quantitiesThe optical quantities listed in Table 2 can be measured through the Service Ter-minal menu 7,2.

Maintenance


Quantity Description

Laser bias current * The increasing of the laser bias current may be followedif desired. Typically, the bias current increases when thelaser ages.

Laser temperature *, ** The nominal value of the temperature is 25 °C � 2 °C

Received optical signalpower

The power of the received optical signal depends on thetransmitter type and the type and length of the opticalcable.

Laser output power * See Table 3 for nominal values.

* Not in terminal repeaters provided with a LED transmitter** Not in terminal repeaters provided with a low-power laser transmitter

Table 2 Optical quantities

Transmitter type Wavelength (nm)

Safety class Nominal outputpower (dBm)

Multimode laser 1300 1 0

Single-mode laser 1300 1 –3

Single-mode laser 1300 1 –4.5

Single-mode low-powerlaser

1300 1 –12

Single-mode laser 1550 1 –6

Multimode LED 1300 1 –21

Single-mode LED 1300 1 –30

Table 3 Nominal output power in different terminal repeaters

Error rate and jitter measurementsThe bit error rate (BER) can be measured and the result of the measurement readthrough the Service Terminal menu 7,3. The values used in connection with statis-tics can be used as a basis for the performance evaluation (see ’Functional De-scription’).

In jitter measurements, the signal to be measured is taken either from the frontconnector or the measurement point and measured with an oscilloscope. The rec-ommended values for jitter measurements are given in the ITU RecommendationsG.742, G.751 and G.823.

DF 2-8 Operation


3.5 Monitoring of statistics

Signal quality (8,1)The statistics on signal quality can be read using the Service Terminal. These stat-istics cover the time from the resetting to the reading. The reading of the statisticsdoes not reset the statistics.

Evaluation of the results, see the Functional Description.

If the local processor (CPU) of the equipment is reset, for example due to a voltagebreakdown, also the statistics are reset and the compilation of the new statisticsstarts from that moment. In case the CPU-reset counter has been reset at the sametime as the statistics, the resetting caused by the breakdown will also be seen fromthe counter.

Error counters (8,2)

CPU-reset counter (8,2,2)Displays the number of local processor resets. If the answer is > 255, the counter isfull.

Received optical bit errors (8,2,3)Displays the cumulative sum of bit errors detected in the received optical signal. Ifthe answer is > 65535, the counter is full.

Received optical frame alignment losses (8,2,4)Displays the number of frame alignment losses detected in the received opticalsignal. If the answer is > 255, the counter is full.

If the error counters are full, the exact number of errors can not be obtained.

DF200–0446–SED1 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy


Service Menu Reference

DF 2-8 Service Menu Reference

DF200–0446–SED1� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyii






DF200–0446–SED1 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy iii


DF200–0446–SEC2 08 June 1993 This description is valid for optical line equip-ment DF 2-8 program TS 21905 versions 04Aand 04B.

DF200–0466–SED1 14 June 2000 New document template. This description isvalid for optical line equipment DF 2-8 pro-gram TS 21905 versions 05A.


DF200–0446–SED1� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyiv

DF200–0446–SED1 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy v

Contents

Chapter 1General 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 Fault display 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Local alarm cancel 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Reset local cancel 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Identifications 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Controls (temporary) 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Settings (permanent) 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Measurements 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Statistics 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Testing 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 User privileges 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Miscellaneous 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 2Service menus 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 3Fault display 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Local alarm cancel 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2 Reset local cancel 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 4Identifications 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,1 Equipment type 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,2 Equipment name 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,3 User manual 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,4 HW unit 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,6 Program 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,7 Modify 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


DF200–0446–SED1� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyvi

Chapter 5Controls (temporary) 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,1 Equipment to normal state 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,2 MAIN interface 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,2,0 Display 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,2,1 To normal state 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,2,2 Loop-back to interface 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,2,3 Loop-back to equipment 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4 Forced laser control 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4,0 Display 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4,1 To normal state 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4,2 Laser forced ON 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4,3 Laser forced OFF 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,4,4 Manual restart 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,5 Measurement connector signal selection 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 6Settings (permanent) 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,0 Display all 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1 Service options 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,1 Baud rate 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,2 Address 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,3 Rack alarm functions 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,4 Rack alarm delay 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,5 PA1 function 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,6 PA2 function 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,7 Control timeout 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,1,8 Data hybrid configuration 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,2 Transmission configuration 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,2,1 Transmission bit rate 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,2,2 Code table 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,2,3 Transmitter type 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,3 Fault consequences 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,3,2 Consequences of far-end alarm 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,4 Alarm thresholds 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,4,1 BER: AIS & A-alarm 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,4,2 BER: B-alarm 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,4,3 Laser bias 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,4,4 Laser temperature 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,5 Calibrations 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,6 Safety mode 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,7 Default settings 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DF200–0446–SED1 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy vii

Chapter 7Measurements 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,1 Supply voltages 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,2 Optical components 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,3 BER 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4 Manual measurements 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4,0 Display 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4,1 Optical output power 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4,2 Received optical power 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4,3 Laser bias current 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,4,4 Other measurement 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 8Statistics 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8,1 Signal quality 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,2 Error counters 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 9Testing 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,2 Signal path test 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,3 EEPROM write 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,4 Memory display 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,5 EPROM-test 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,6 RAM-test 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,7 EEPROM-test 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,8 Scrambler function 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,9 Signal tests 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 10User privileges 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10,1 Password for privileges 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,2 PIN for privileges 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,3 Cancel privileges 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4 Setting parameters 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,1 Timeout 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,2 Protections 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,2,1 No protections 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,2,2 Password required 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,2,3 Local PIN required 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,4,3 Password 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 11Miscellaneous 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


DF200–0446–SED1� Copyright Nokia Networks Oyviii

General

DF200–0446–SED1 � Copyright Nokia Networks Oy 1

Chapter 1General

The operation of the DF 2-8 Optical Line Equipment is controlled using the Ser-vice Terminal via the service interface. With the Service Terminal, the basicequipment settings can be set into the non-volatile memory, service functions, e.g.loop-backs, can be performed, or the state and alarm data of the equipment can beread, etc.

If the service interfaces are connected into a bus and the buses further into a servicenetwork by means of the data channel, all equipment connected to the bus or net-work can be remote-controlled from one point using the Service Terminal (or theTMS Transmission Management System, see the corresponding operating hand-books).

All the transmission management functions which can be performed with the Ser-vice Terminal are dealt with in this description. The functions are menu based andthe menus have 1...4 levels.

The service menus of the equipment are accessed using the Service Terminalmenu Select operation.

Select operation:1 Fault display2 Local alarm cancel3 Reset local cancel4 Identifications5 Controls (temporary)6 Settings (permanent)7 Measurements8 Statistics9 Testing10 User privileges11 Miscellaneous

In the following, there is first a short description of each item in this menu and thenthe service menus of the equipment and their use are described in detail.


DF200–0446–SED1� Copyright Nokia Networks Oy2

1 Fault displayIndicates the equipment name, alarm states, controls in effect, and possible faultsin plain language.

2 Local alarm cancelRemoves rack alarms A and B caused by the equipment. D-alarm is obtained as areminder of the cancellation.

3 Reset local cancelCancellation of the above function.

4 IdentificationsDisplays the equipment identifications. Some of the identifications can bechanged by the user.

5 Controls (temporary)Controls (loop-backs etc.) to be used temporarily e.g. in fault location.

6 Settings (permanent)Settings by means of which the equipment is controlled permanently to certainoperating states. They are stored into a non-volatile memory and they are notremoved by power outages.

7 MeasurementsMeasurements performed by the equipment itself without measurement instru-ments.

8 StatisticsFor reading and resetting the statistics compiled by the equipment.

9 TestingTests performed by the equipment itself.

10 User privilegesFor protecting the transmission management functions of the equipment.

11 MiscellaneousNot in use.

Service menus


Chapter 2Service menus



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Fault display


Chapter 3Fault display

Example:

*DF2-8 ABC (AS) (eq. name and alarm states)Opt. interf.: (state and fault messages)–frame alignment lostMAIN interf.:–loop to interface

Possible state or fault messages:

*DF2-8 ABC (OK) or *DF2-8 ABC (A) or *DF2-8 ABC (AS) etc.

Optical interface:

–no incoming line sig.–frame alignment lost–BER > E-3–BER > E-4–BER > E-5–BER > E-6–far-end alarm–laser bias out of range–laser power out of range–laser temp. out of range–forced control on–forced laser cut-off–test mode



MAIN interface:

–no incoming 2M sig.–no incoming 8M sig.–loop to interface–loop to equipment–test mode

Control block:

–memory fault–eq. reset (via TMS only)

Repeater FEA:

–far-end alarm

3.1 Local alarm cancelAfter the cancellation of local alarms the following answer is obtained:

Done

3.2 Reset local cancelAfter the resetting of local cancel the following answer is obtained:

Done

Identifications


Chapter 4Identifications

Identifications:1 Eq type2 Eq name3 User manual4 HW unit6 Program7 Modify

4,1 Equipment typeFixed.

DF2-8

4,2 Equipment nameThe symbolic name given to the equipment by the user. It can be used e.g. in ser-vice network management. This identification is shown in the Fault displayanswer. Example:

DF2-8 Hels86

4,3 User manualThe document number of the equipment- and program-specific description ’Ser-vice Menu Reference’. Fixed. Example:

DF200–0446–SED



4,4 HW unitEquipment (unit) type designation and version. Set at the factory but can bechanged e.g. in connection with repair. Example:

TA 21516 05A

4,6 ProgramType designation and version of the equipment local processor program. Fixed.Example:

TS 21905 05A

4,7 Modify

Modify IDs:2 Eq name4 HW unit

Below both items there is the menu:

ID string?1...15 char

The text is given in ASCII characters (see the Operating Handbook for the ServiceTerminal).

Controls (temporary)


Chapter 5Controls (temporary)

Controls:1 Equipment to normal state2 MAIN interface4 Forced laser control5 Meas. conn. signal sel.

The controls affecting the operation of the equipment. The controls are not perma-nent; they are removed after the set time has passed from the latest control option.(See Settings/Control timeout).

If protection (e.g. password) is in use and the user does not have rights to use theequipment, an attempt to change the controls gives the answer:

Missing rights

5,1 Equipment to normal stateRemoves all the controls from the equipment. Permanent settings are not affected.

Also returns the equipment from the test state into normal state in connection withthe tests under items 9,2 and 9,9 (that is, this option has the same effect on the testsas options 9,2,1 and 9,9,1).

5,2 MAIN interfaceThe main channel interface can be controlled to different states.

MAIN interface:0 Display1 To normal state2 Loop-back to interface3 Loop-back to equipment



5,2,0 DisplayDisplay of the selected control. The answers:

Normal state orLoop to interface and/orLoop to equipment

5,2,1 To normal stateRemoves the loop-backs.

5,2,2 Loop-back to interfaceThe signal fed to the main channel interface comes out from the same interface.Instead of the signal, AIS is transmitted to the optical line.

5,2,3 Loop-back to equipmentThe signal coming from inside the equipment is connected back; the AIS comesout from the interface.

5,4 Forced laser control

Forced laser control:0 Display1 To normal state2 Laser forced ON3 Laser forced OFF4 Manual restart

The laser transmitter can be force-controlled ON or OFF.

The terminal repeaters provided with a LED transmitter do not feature this forcedcontrol. They respond to the following items with the text:

Not for LED

5,4,0 DisplayDisplays the selected laser transmitter force-control. The answers:

Normal state orLaser forced ON orLaser forced OFF

5,4,1 To normal stateLaser transmitter control to normal state.

Controls (temporary)


5,4,2 Laser forced ONLaser transmitter force-controlled ON.

5,4,3 Laser forced OFFLaser transmitter force-controlled OFF.

5,4,4 Manual restartSafety mode 6,6,3 Laser manual restart must have been selected previously.

Turns the laser transmitter on for approx. 1 s. If the receiver detects an optical sig-nal, the transmitter remains on, if no signal is detected the laser is cut off.

5,5 Measurement connector signal selectionThe selection of the signal to be connected to the measurement point (MP) of theequipment. (Default selection MAIN OUT signal).

Meas. conn. signal sel.:0 Display1 MAIN IN signal2 MAIN OUT signal3 AIS frequency

Option 0 displays the current selection.

Settings (permanent)


Chapter 6Settings (permanent)

DF2-8 Settings:0 Display all1 Service options2 Transmission configuration3 Fault consequences4 Alarm threshold5 Calibrations6 Safety mode7 Default settings

If protection (e.g. password) is in use and the user does not have rights to use theequipment, an attempt to change the settings gives the answer:

Missing rights

6,0 Display allProvides a list of the states of all the settings under item 6.

All settings of DF2-8:Baud rate: 9600Address: 12Rack alarms:Normaletc.



6,1 Service options

Service options:1 Baud rate2 Address3 Rack alarm functions4 Rack alarm delay5 PA1 function6 PA2 function7 Control timeout8 Data hybrid config

6,1,1 Baud rateThe speed of the traffic between the Service Terminal and the equipment is set.(Factory setting 9600).

Baud rate:0 Display75...9600

Only the rates 75, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600 bit/s can be chosen.The answer to option 0 is the selected baud rate, e.g. 9600.

6,1,2 AddressAn individual address is set for the equipment so that the equipment can be used inthe bus, from any point of which all the equipment connected to it can be accessed.(Factory setting 4095).

Address:0 Display1 Modify

Option 0 shows the current address.

By option 1 the desired address (0...4095) can be set:

Address?0...4095

Note

� The common address 4095 must not be set if the equipment is connected to aTMS bus.

� The address 4094 has been reserved for PC-TMC/STE use (general addressfor the PC interface unit).

� The address 0 has been reserved for PC-TMC/STE use (default address forthe PC interface unit).



6,1,3 Rack alarm functionsThe rack alarm function is selected: Normal, Alarms inhibited or Alarm A replacedby B. (Factory setting Normal).

Rack alarm functions:0 Display1 Normal2 Alarms inhibited3 A replaced by B

The answer to option 0 is one of the menu texts.

6,1,4 Rack alarm delayThe setting of the time from the beginning of an alarm to the moment when therack alarm lamp is lit. (Factory setting 1 s).

Rack alarm delay:0 Display1 Modify

Option 0 shows the set alarm delay.

Through option 1 the desired alarm delay (0...15 s) can be set:

Delay?0...15 s

6,1,5 PA1 functionThe function of the programmable alarm output PA1 is set. The output is activatedwhen an alarm corresponding to this option or a power supply fault emerges in theequipment. (Factory setting Alarm A activates the output).

PA1 function:0 Display1 A2 B3 D4 S5 A&S6 A+B7 A+B+S8 Rec. opt. signal degraded9 Rec. opt. signal severely degraded


Options 8 Received optical signal degraded and 9 Received optical signal severelydegraded are used e.g. to control a change-over equipment in protected systems.



6,1,6 PA2 functionThe function of the programmable alarm output PA2 is set. The output is activatedwhen an alarm corresponding to this option emerges in the equipment. (Factorysetting Alarm B activates the output).

PA2 function:0 Display1 A2 B3 D4 S5 A&S6 A+B7 A+B+S


6,1,7 Control timeoutThe time during which the controls (temporary) are active without refreshing isselected. (Factory setting 10 min).

Control timeout:0 Display1...65000 min

Option 0 shows the set timeout.

By entering 1...65000 the desired timeout can be set (in minutes).

6,1,8 Data hybrid configurationSelection is made whether the connection between the service interface MI anddata interface DI is switched ON or OFF. (Factory setting OFF).

Data hybrid config:0 Display1 Set ON2 Set OFF

The answer to option 0 is: ON (option 1 selected) or OFF (option 2 selected).

6,2 Transmission configurationThe main channel transmission bit rate and the code tables are set to correspond tothe system in use. Also the type of the optical transmitter is set.

Transmission configuration:1 Transm. bit rate2 Code table3 Transmitter type



6,2,1 Transmission bit rate

Transm. bit rate:0 Display1 2048 kbit/s2 8448 kbit/s

The transmission bit rate of the main channel is set. (Factory setting 2048 kbit/s).

Option 0 shows the set transmission bit rate.

By options 1 and 2 the desired bit rate (2048 kbit/s or 8448 kbit/s) can be set.

6,2,2 Code table

Code table:0 Display1 Normal code table (two-fibre system)2 A/B code (one-fibre system)3 B/A code (one-fibre system)

The code table is selected according to the fibre system used: one-fibre or two-fibre system. (Factory setting Normal code table (two-fibre system)).

Option 0 shows the set code table:

Normal code table orA/B code orB/A code

By option 1 the normal code table is set in use in a two-fibre system.

For bidirectional transmission in a one-fibre system the A/B code is set in use inthe terminal at one end of the line section by selecting the option 2 and the B/Acode in the terminal at the other end by selecting the option 3.

6,2,3 Transmitter type

Transmitter type:0 Display1 SM laser out. pow. –3 dBm2 SM LP laser3 MM laser4 SM laser out. pow. –4.5 dBm5 SM laser out. pow. –6 dBm6 LED

The type of the optical transmitter is set. The setting is done at the factory and thefactory setting must not be changed. Therefore, the options 6,2,3,1...6 are pro-tected so that their use requires the connection of strapping HWP in the terminalrepeater. If the strapping has not been connected and an attempt is made to changethese settings, the answer will be:



Not available in normal use

Option 0 shows the type of the optical transmitter.

6,3 Fault consequences

Consequences of:2 Far-end alarm

6,3,2 Consequences of far-end alarmThe desired alarm alternative in far-end alarm situations is selected. (Factory set-ting S-alarm).

Far-end alarm consequences:0 Display1 A+S2 B+S3 S-alarm


6,4 Alarm thresholdsThe alarm thresholds for the bit error rate, laser bias current, and laser temperaturealarms are set. In addition, laser bias current and temperature alarms can be set outof use.

Alarm threshold settings:1 BER: AIS & A-alarm2 BER: B-alarm3 Laser bias4 Laser temperature

6,4,1 BER: AIS & A-alarm

BER: AIS & A-alarm0 Display1 E-32 E-4

This menu is used for selecting the bit error rate at which the AIS will be connectedin the place of the signal and A-alarm be given. (Factory setting E-3).

Option 0 displays the set threshold value.

By options 1 and 2 the desired value (E-3 or E-4) can be set.



6,4,2 BER: B-alarm

BER: B-alarm0 Display1 E-52 E-6

The bit error rate at which B-alarm will be given is selected. (Transmission bit rate2 M: factory setting E-5; transmission bit rate 8 M: factory setting E-6).

Option 0 displays the set threshold value.

By options 1 and 2 the desired value (E-5 or E-6) can be set.

6,4,3 Laser biasSets a threshold for the laser transmitter bias current alarm or the alarm is set out ofuse. (Factory setting 50 %).

Laser bias current:0 Display1 Modify

The terminal repeaters provided with a low-power laser or LED transmitter do notfeature the bias current alarm. They respond to this item with the text:

Not for low-power laser orNot for LED

If the bias current alarm has been set out of use, the answer will be:

Bias alarm not in use

Option 0 displays the set threshold value. Example:

Threshold for bias alarm:50 %

By option 1 the desired threshold value (20...200 %) can be set or the alarm can beset out of use by entering 0:

Give current increase in %:20...200 for alarm0: alarm not in use

The alarm threshold is set by giving the permissible percentual increase for thecalibrated initial bias current value. Therefore the proper functioning of the alarmrequires, that the laser bias has been calibrated. If calibration has not been per-formed, the answer will be:



Laser bias not calibrated

Example: If the initial bias current value is 20 mA and the threshold is set to 100 %,a laser bias current alarm is given when the bias current exceeds 40 mA.

If the bias current alarm threshold exceeds the maximum value for the bias cur-rent, the answer will be:

Max. bias current for alarm exceeded

This fault condition may also be caused by incorrect calibration of the bias current.

6,4,4 Laser temperatureSets a threshold for the laser transmitter temperature alarm or the alarm is set outof use. (Factory setting 40 �C).

Laser temperature:0 Display1 Modify

The terminal repeaters provided with a low-power laser or LED transmitter do notfeature the temperature alarm. They respond to this item with the text:


If the laser temperature alarm has been set out of use, the answer will be:

Temperature alarm not in use

Option 0 displays the set threshold. Example:

Laser temp. threshold:40 Celsius

By option 1 the desired threshold value (35...45 �C) can be set or the alarm can beset out of use by entering 0:

Give thresh. in Celsius:35...45 for alarm0: alarm not in use



6,5 Calibrations

Calibrations:1 +5 V calibration3 +12 V calibration4 –12 V calibration5 Laser bias calibration7 Rec. opt. power cal. 18 Rec. opt. power cal. 29 Laser power cal.

Calibration settings are only required in connection with equipment repair. Thesettings are protected so that their use requires the connection of strapping HWP inthe terminal repeater. If the strapping has not been connected and an attempt ismade to change these settings, the answer will be:


Through options 1...4 calibration values are set by means of which the accuracy ofthe voltage measurement is improved. They reveal the text:

Give measured supply voltagein mV (without sign):

Through options 5...9 values related to optical quantities are calibrated. Opticalmeasurement equipment is needed in order to perform these calibrations.

6,6 Safety modeThe operating mode of the automatic cut-off and restart of the laser transmitter incase the incoming optical signal is missing is selected. (Factory setting Laser cut-off not in use).

Safety mode:0 Display1 Laser cut-off not in use2 Laser automatic restart3 Laser manual restart

Option 0 displays the set operating mode.

Through options 1...3 the desired operating mode in case the incoming optical sig-nal is missing is set:

� option 1 the laser transmitter is not cut off

� option 2 the laser transmitter is cut off but it restarts automatically in approxi-mately ten-second intervals until the received optical signal is detected

� option 3 the laser transmitter is cut off and it can be restarted only manually.When restarting the laser manually, the laser transmitter at either end of thesystem must be started by selecting the Laser Manual Restart (5,4,4).



The terminal repeaters provided with a LED transmitter do not feature these safetymode settings. They respond to the above items with the text:

Not for LED

6,7 Default settings

Default settings:1 Set default settings

Sets the default setting (factory setting) to all other setting options except Baudrate, Address, Calibrations, Transmitter type, Transmission bit rate and Codetable. It also resets the EEPROM correction counter (see 9,7 EEPROM-test).

Measurements


Chapter 7Measurements

Measurements:1 Supply voltages2 Optical components3 BER

Measurements performed by the equipment itself.

7,1 Supply voltages

Supply voltages:1 +5 V3 +12 V4 –12 V(5 NMS-answer)(7 NMS-answer)(8 NMS-answer)

The answer to option 1 (e.g.):

Voltage meas. (+5V):+5.0V

+5.0 V is the measured voltage value.


Voltage meas. (+12V)+12.0V


Voltage meas. (–12V):–12.0V



In the answers the voltage values are given to one decimal places.

The NMS-answers are numeric answers for the network management system(NMS). Here the NMS-answers are the above-mentioned voltage values as float-ing point numbers (option 5: +5 V, option 7: +12 V, option 8: –12 V).

7,2 Optical components

Optical components:1 Laser bias2 Laser temperature3 Rec. optical power4 Laser power

Option 1 displays the measured laser transmitter bias current value and also theinitial value in the case of all the other terminal repeaters provided with a lasertransmitter except for those equipped with a low-power laser transmitter.Example:

Laser bias:initial value: 32 mAnow: 38 mA

If the laser bias current has not been calibrated, the answer will be:

Laser bias not calibrated

The terminal repeaters provided with a LED transmitter do not feature the biascurrent measurement. They respond to this item with the text:

Not for LED

Option 2 displays the measured laser transmitter temperature. Examples:

Laser temperature:25 Celsius

Laser temperature:> 50 Celsius

The terminal repeaters provided with a low-power laser or LED transmitter do notfeature the temperature measurement. They respond to this item with the text:


Option 3 displays the measured value of the received optical power. The responseis displayed with 1 dB resolution. Example:

Measurements


Rec. optical power:–32 dBm

If the received optical power has not been calibrated, the answer will be:

Rec. opt. power not calibrated

Option 4 displays the measured value of the laser transmitter output power. Theresponse is displayed with 0.5 dB resolution. Examples:

Laser power:–3.0 dBm

Laser power:< –6.0

If the output power has not been calibrated, the answer will be:

Laser power not calibrated

The terminal repeaters provided with a LED transmitter do not feature the outputpower measurement. They respond to this item with the text:

Not for LED

7,3 BERDisplays the measured bit error rate. Measurement time is one second.

Examples of the answers:

BER(1 sec):0.0E+0

BER(1 sec):1.8E-6 (min., 2M transmission bit rate)

BER(1 sec):> 5.9E-2 (max., 2M transmission bit rate)

BER(1 sec):5.0E-7 (min., 8M transmission bit rate)

BER(1 sec):> 1.6E-2 (max., 8M transmission bit rate)

Sync. loss in last second

No signal in last second



7,4 Manual measurements

Manual measurements:0 Display1 Optical output power2 Rec. optical power3 Laser bias current4 Other measurement

Because the manually measured values are usually stored only at the commission-ing stage, options 1...4 are protected so that their use requires the connection of thestrapping HWP in the control unit. If the strapping has not been connected and anattempt is made to change these values, the answer will be:


7,4,0 DisplayOption 0 shows all the values of the manual measurements at the same time. Anexample of the manual measurements:

Manual meas. values:Opt. out. pow: –3 dBmRec. opt. pow: –6.2 dBmLaser bias: 20 mATemperat.: 40.5 Cel

7,4,1 Optical output powerBy option 1 the user can store the manually measured value of the optical outputpower in dBm:


7,4,2 Received optical powerBy option 2 the user can store the manually measured value of the received opticalpower in dBm:


Measurements


7,4,3 Laser bias currentBy option 3 the user can store the value of the laser bias current in mA:

Give measured value in mA(1...3 characters):

7,4,4 Other measurementBy option 4 the user can give his own choice of measurement, the measured valueand the unit for it.

Other measurement:1 Required measurement2 Measurement value3 Unit of measurement value

By option 1 the user can define his own choice of measurement. The text is givenin ASCII characters (see the Operating Handbook of the Service Terminal):

Give choice of measurement(1...9 characters):

The measured value of the required measurement is given by option 2:

Give measured value(1...5 characters):

The unit of the required measurement is given in ASCII characters by option 3:

Give unit of meas. value(1...3 characters):

Statistics


Chapter 8Statistics

Statistics:1 Signal quality2 Error counters

Statistics and counters maintained by the equipment itself.

8,1 Signal quality

Signal quality:0 Display signal quality1 Reset statistics(2 NMS-answer)

The answer to option 0 is the entire statistics. An example of the statistics:

Signal quality:Total time:0dd 16hh 10mm 45ssAvailable time:0dd 16hh 10mm 4ssErrored seconds:76BER>E-3 seconds:6Degraded minutes:12S(unav)/S(tot):0.071%M(degr)/M(ava):1.24%S(sev)/S(ava):0.010%S(err)/S(ava):0.131%



Option 1 resets the statistics and restarts the compilation.

Option 2, NMS-answer gives the values of the statistics counters as floating pointnumbers. With a network management system (NMS) the desired statistics can becalculated based on these numbers. The numbers given are: total time, availabletime, errored seconds, BER>E-3 seconds and degraded minutes. All the times arein seconds.

8,2 Error counters

Error counters:1 Reset error counters2 Display CPU-reset counter3 Display rec. opt. bit errors4 Display rec. opt. fr-al. losses

Option 1 resets the counters and restarts the counting.

Other options give as an answer the number of the events detected duringmeasurement.

Option 2 displays the number of processor resets. If the answer is >255, thecounter is full.

Option 3 displays the cumulative sum of bit errors detected in the received opticalsignal. If the answer is >65535, the counter is full.

Option 4 displays the number of frame alignment losses detected in the receivedoptical signal. If the answer is >255, the counter is full.

Testing


Chapter 9Testing

Testing:2 Signal path test3 EEPROM write4 Memory display5 EPROM-test6 RAM-test7 EEPROM-test8 Scrambler function9 Signal tests

Contains the tests performed by the equipment itself and the facility to write intothe EEPROM memory.

9,2 Signal path testTest for checking the condition of the internal signal paths of the equipment.Before running the test, the main channel interface and the optical interface haveto be looped by means of external cables.

Signal path test:External loops needed0 Display1 To normal state2 Test configuration ON3 Display test result

Option 0 displays whether the equipment is in normal state or test state. Answers:

Normal state orTest state

Option 1 returns the equipment from test state into normal state. If the test is notinterrupted by this command, it will be on for the time defined under the item Set-tings/Control timeout.



Option 2 starts the test. However, the test will not start up if the laser transmitter isforce-controlled off (see 5,4,3). The answer obtained will be:

Laser forced OFF

Option 3 displays the test result. Answers:

Passed orFailed

If the answer to the test is Failed, the equipment is faulty and it should be replacedby a functioning one.

The result can only be read while the test is running (9,2,2). Otherwise this itemwill respond:

Test not ON

9,3 EEPROM writeThrough this item data can be written into the EEPROM memory of the equip-ment. The function is used in storing the initial calibration values of the laser trans-mitter into the memory of the new processor in connection with possible processorreplacement.

As this function is only required in connection with equipment repair, it is pro-tected so that its use requires the connection of strapping HWP in the terminalrepeater. If the strapping has not been connected and an attempt is made to use thisfunction, the answer will be:


After the option 9,3 has been selected, the equipment prompts for the address ofthe storage location:

Give address:(0...125)

When the address has been given, the equipment prompts for the value to be storedinto the storage location:

Give value:(0...255)

A sheet including the address data and stored initial values is delivered togetherwith each equipment.

Testing


9,4 Memory display

Give memory address:

Displays the contents of the given address and seven subsequent addresses.

9,5 EPROM-testDisplays the result of the continuously running program memory test (EPROM) atthat moment.

The answer can be:

OK orEPROM failed

9,6 RAM-testDisplays the result of the continuously running read-write memory test at thatmoment.

The answer can be:

OK orInt. RAM failed orExt. RAM failed orInt. and Ext.RAMS failed

9,7 EEPROM-testThe data on settings and identifications are stored in three copies in the EEPROM.The program continuously compares these copies of data and if one deviates fromthe others, it is automatically corrected to be the same as the others. The correc-tions are counted by a special counter and if the number exceeds 10000, the answerof the test will be:

Too many correctionsin EEPROM

If the correction does not succeed, that is, the data will not remain in storage, theanswer of the test will be:

EEPROM failed

If the correction succeeds, the answer will be:

OK



9,8 Scrambler functionThe scrambler can be controlled ON or OFF. These functions are only required inconnection with equipment repair. The functions are protected so that their userequires the connection of the strapping HWP in the terminal repeater. If the strap-ping is not connected, the answer will be:


Scrambler function:0 Display1 To normal state2 Scrambler OFF

Option 0 displays whether the scrambler is switched ON, that is, in normal state, orswitched OFF. Answers:

ON orOFF

By option 1 the scrambler can be returned to normal state (ON) and by option 2 itcan be switched OFF.

9,9 Signal testsThe optical interface and the main channel interface can separately be tested bytest data 0 and test data 1. These functions are only required in connection withequipment repair. The functions are protected so that their use requires the connec-tion of the strapping HWP of the terminal repeater. If the strapping is not con-nected, the answer will be:


Signal tests:1 To normal state2 Opt. interface test ON3 MAIN interface test ON4 Test data = 05 Test data = 16 Display test result

Option 1 returns the equipment from the test state to the normal state.

Option 2 starts the test at the optical interface and option 3 at the main channelinterface.

However, the test at the optical interface (9,9,2) will not start up if the laser trans-mitter is force-controlled off (see 5,4,3). The answer obtained will be:

Laser forced OFF

By options 4 and 5 either 0 or 1 is set as test data.

Testing


Option 6 displays the test result. Answers:

Passed (test data = 0) orPassed (test data = 1) orFailed (test data = 0) orFailed (test data = 1)

The result can only be read while the test is running (9,9,2 or 9,9,3). Otherwise thisitem will respond:

Test not ON

User privileges


Chapter 10User privileges

User privileges:1 Password for privileges2 PIN for privileges3 Cancel privileges4 Setting parameters

10,1 Password for privilegesWhen the password is known and one wishes to change protected functions, thepassword can be given here whereupon the protection is removed for the set periodof time. The equipment prompts:

Give password:1...7 char

Write e.g.:

pass123 <RET>

10,2 PIN for privilegesWhen the PIN signal is used for removing the protection, the PIN contact of theterminal repeater front connector P1 has to be grounded. Connect the PIN toground momentarily when the equipment prompts:

Ground local PIN

This method can always be used even though also a password were in use (or if ithas been forgotten).

10,3 Cancel privilegesThe privileges are in effect during the entire monitoring time if they are not can-celled with this command, for example, when maintenance is finished.



10,4 Setting parameters

Setting parameters:1 Timeout2 Protections3 Password

The settings of the protection parameters. These settings are permanent.

10,4,1 TimeoutThe privileges obtained with the password or PIN signal are in effect for the setmonitoring time. The time can be selected to be between 1...1000 min. (Factorysetting 10 min).

Timeout:0 Display1...1000 min

The answer to option 0 is the figure 1...1000.

10,4,2 ProtectionsThe protection state of the equipment can be set. (Factory setting No protections).

Protections:0 Display1 No protections2 Password required3 Local PIN required


10,4,2,1 No protectionsThis option removes the protections in which case no password or PIN signal con-nection is required for making controls and settings.

10,4,2,2 Password requiredThis option causes that the next time when a connection is established to the equip-ment the password has to be known or PIN signal has to be used if one wishes tochange settings or make controls. The option requires that a password has been setfor the equipment, see 10,4,3.

10,4,2,3 Local PIN requiredIf this option has been selected, the settings and controls cannot be changed withany other means except by connecting PIN to ground (see 10,2).

User privileges


10,4,3 PasswordHere a password can be set which has to be known later if one wishes to change thesettings or controls. The equipment prompts:

Give password:1...7 char

Write here e.g.:

pass123 <RET>

Miscellaneous


Chapter 11Miscellaneous

In the DF 2-8 this item contains nothing. The answer is:

Nothing here

DF 2-8 C33052_20_F0

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Transcript of DF 2-8 C33052_20_F0