DEWATS Implementation Experiences in Mekong Countries / SEA Implementation... · ¬1000 of these...

Mr. Alex Viwat Campbell Mekong Countries Coordinator

DEWATS Implementation Experiences in Mekong Countries / SEA


ESCAP/UN-Habitat Regional Policy Workshop of Stakeholders

DEWATS in South East Asia

Bangkok, UNCC, 19-21 March, 2014

BORDA is funded by:



¬ Founded in1977 ¬ Works in 5 regions – SEA, SA, Southern Africa, Sth

America & Afghanistan ¬ Supported directly by the German Government (BMZ) ¬ Overall Goal SEA: To Improve living conditions and

social structures of low-income, disadvantaged communities in densely populated urban and peri-urban areas

¬ Developed DEWATS service packages since 1994 ¬ Globally more than 2000 DEWATS implemented ¬ 1000 of these are in Indonesia since 2003 (SANIMAS)

Bremen Overseas Research & Development Association



BORDA SEA Network



¬Custom designed and built ¬Reduces pollution by up to 90% ¬Minimal operational/maintenance tasks &

costs ¬Minimal land requirements ¬Can produce energy from the biogas digester

option ¬Can reuse water for irrigation

DEWATS Benefits



¬ Community Based Sanitation ¬ School Based Sanitation ¬ Sanitation for Hospitals ¬ Sanitation for Prisons ¬ Sanitation for Real Estate ¬ Sludge Treatment Plants ¬ AgroClean/SME ¬ Emergency Sanitation ¬ Health Impact Evaluations (HIE) ¬ Sanitation Mapping

¬ All DEWATS Packages supported by Technical Quality

Management System (QMS) ¬ Institutional / Social aspects supported by SOP

DEWATS Service Packages



Pond Systems

Biogas digester

Settler

Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

Anaerobic Filter

Planted Gravel Filter

DEWATS Modules



DEWATS Prefabricated Modules



1. Develop the technology and approach in one country 2. Prove the approach and develop supporting QMS and

human resources (English speaking) for dissemination

3. Establish a regional network of organizations with the capacity to implement DEWATS (QMS/SOP)

4. Dissemination: There are many different stakeholders in different countries (government, donors, etc) which can, initially, be reluctant to accept new approaches, so it can take some years to kick off

Lessons Learned / Steps for DEWATS Dissemination in SEA:



5. For implementing partners: Only organizations which are dedicated to DEWATS and have a long lasting start up support with costs of about $70,000/year can push continuously to get DEWATS on the agenda of the Governments and Donors. Working with large organizations turned out to be difficult as the long gap during start up caused large organizations to lose interest in DEWATS.

6. Establish a regional expert/organizational network of community practitioners for DEWATS implementation, this was crucial to keep standards high

7. Need to establish post implementation management networks and structures: Ongoing monitoring & support services

Lessons Learned / Steps for DEWATS Dissemination in SEA:



BORDA & DEWATS in Mekong Countries

Cambodia Start: since 2008 Partner: Environmental Sanitation Cambodia (ESC) Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building and promotion of DEWATS for SME,

public institutions & communities Implementations: 23 (17 SBS, 3 Hospitals, 1 town, 1 SME, 1 Orphanage)

Laos Start: since 2009 Partner: Ministry of Public Works and Transport, Department of Housing

and Urban Planning (2013) Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building, and promotion of DEWATS,

implementation of pilot projects Implementations: 8 (1 SBS, 4 CBS, 3 SME) (2 under construction with UN-

Habitat)

Vietnam Start: since 2005 Partner: Vietnam Academy for Water Resources Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building and promotion of DEWATS for SME,

public institutions & communities Implementations: 9 (1 SBS, 3 Hospitals, 1 CBS, 3 SME, 1 Prison)



Financing Infrastructure ¬ Individual client approach is not an efficient way to

disseminate DEWATS ¬ Difficult to secure infrastructure funding Demand responsive approach: target specific sectors

where there is private/donor/government interest Promote policy development to help create demand

and investment

Challenges & Solutions in Mekong Countries



Human Resources ¬ Difficult to find qualified staff with appropriate social

and technical skills, e.g. sanitation experts, engineers and community facilitators

Training & Coaching Technical Quality Management System Social Standard Operational Procedures




Operation and Maintenance: ¬ O&M not carried out effectively or routinely ¬ Communities/Schools do not always have the enough

resources or technical knowledge to manage all O&M issues

Competitive selection processes Focus on O&M training/coaching & user training Promote Co-Management between Local Governments

and Communities Promote regular monitoring of O&M




¬ Inform & educate stakeholders on DEWATS ¬ Demand responsive approach: Willingness of

stakeholders to promote, finance and manage DEWATS infrastructure

¬ Participatory approach: joint planning, transparent selection processes, and active involvement

¬ Multi-stakeholder funding and contributions in kind from beneficiaries

¬ Staff & Partner capacity building (QMS/SOP) ¬ Capacity building and training programs (O&M,

health and hygiene) ¬ Monitoring and follow-up of completed DEWATS ¬ Promotion of Co-management of operation &

maintenance (O&M)

Summary: DEWATS Approach in Mekong Countries



BORDA Mekong Countries Coordinator Alex Viwat Campbell | [email protected]

DEWATS Videos: www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbD52wUQyrE www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcrf115vyuI

Thank you for your attention!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbD52wUQyrE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcrf115vyuI

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