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Devops and Immutable Infrastructure

John Wills!Technical Evangelist

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@botchagalupe• a.k.a. John Willis

• 35 Years in IT Operations

• Exxon, Canonical, Chef, Enstratius, Socketplane

• Devopsdays Core Organizer

• Devopscafe on iTunes

• Tweet to @bglpe for Questions

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Agenda• What is Immutable Infrastructure?

• Why Immutable (Order Matters)

• Models and Methods

• Docker and Immutable Infrastructure

• Case Studies

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Immutable Infrastructure

Myth

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“The least-cost way to ensure that the behavior of any two hosts will remain completely identical is always to

implement the same changes in the same order on both hosts.”

Order Matters

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Management Methods

• Divergence

• Convergence

• Congruence

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Why (When) Does Order Matter?

• Circular Dependancies

• Right Command Wrong Order

• Right Package Wrong Order

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Package Example

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Immutable Infrastructure “Model”

• No CRUD allowed for…

• Packages

• Configuration Files

• Application Software

• Data (RUD)

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How To Do Immutable?

• Provision a new server.

• Test the new server.

• Change the reference to the new server.

• Keep the old server around for rollback.

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The Immutable “Trombone”• Golden Images

• Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)

• Virtual Images

• Phoenix Servers vs Snowflake Servers

• Infrastructure as Code

• Bake vs Fry

• Containers

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Why Docker?• Isolation

• Lightweight

• Simplicity

• Workflow

• Community

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Docker Community• 1200 Docker Contributors

• 100,000 Dockerized Applications

• 3 to 4 Million Developers using Docker

• 300 Million Downloads

• 32,000 Docker Related Projects

• 70% of enterprises are using Docker

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Case Studies

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Case Studies

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ReferencesDocker and the Three Ways of Devops!https://blog.docker.com/2015/05/docker-three-ways-ops/!!Trash Your Servers and Burn Your Code: Immutable Infrastructure and Disposable Components!Chad Fowler June 2013!http://chadfowler.com/blog/2013/06/23/immutable-deployments/!!PhoenixServer!Martin Fowler July 2012!http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PhoenixServer.html!!Building with Legos!http://techblog.netflix.com/2011/08/building-with-legos.html!!Immutable Infrastructure with Docker and EC2": Gilt at Dockercon (Video)!http://tech.gilt.com/post/90578399884/immutable-infrastructure-with-docker-and-ec2!!Why you should build an Immutable Infrastructure!by Florian Motlik - 2014-07-22!https://blog.codeship.com/immutable-infrastructure/!!Baked Servers vs Fried Servers!http://if.andonlyif.net/blog/2012/10/baked-servers-vs-fried-servers.html!!Why Order Matters: Turing Equivalence in Automated Systems Administration!https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedings/lisa02/tech/full_papers/traugott/traugott_html/index.html!!An Analysis of RPM Validation Drift!https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/lisa2002/tech/full_papers/hart/hart.pdf!

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john.willis@docker.com @botchagalupe