Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

download Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

of 14

Transcript of Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    1/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =91

    Ocw m~cew o`ceb W~eczejw o`c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca"Deceamdmcw " & Eyybomg Zjomcjmz & Wmjlc`b`aomz

    lwwy8//qqq#W}Mca~#j`d" lwwy8//a`#w`/^mzme~jl

    Gmvmb`ydmcw `f J`dy}wm~ Eogmg Bme~coca Z`fwqe~m f`~ ]zm

    oc Mbmjw~oj Jo~j}ow Ecebzoz

    N~egbm Gmkmce(

    ecg Jl~oz J`qmce

    eGmye~wdmcw `f Ocg}zw~oeb ecg Mcaocmm~oca Wmjlc`b`a" Z`}wlmezw Dozz`}~o Zwewm ]covm~zow" ]ZE

    E ^ W O J B M O C F @ E N Z W ^ E J WE~wojbm lozw`~8

    Ejjmywmg >6 E}a}zw >955

    Eveobenbm `cbocm

    95 C`vmdnm~ >955

    Kmq`~gz8

    Jo~j}ow ecebzoz z`fwqe~m;

    J`dy}wm~ eogmg bme~coca;Mbmjw~oj jo~j}ow ecebzoz;

    Bme~coca z`fwqe~m;

    ZYOJM#

    Y~mzmcwb" oczw~}jw`~z e~m ~mu}o~mg w` wmejl d`~m zw}gmcwz

    qowl wlm zedm ~mz`}~jmz" wlm~mn ~mg}joca wlm ed`}cw `f wodm

    oczw~}jw`~z levm qowl wlmo~ zw}gmcwz# Nmje}zm `f wloz" m|edybmz

    de nm `dowwmg w` nm enbm w` dekm ow wl~`}al ebb `f wlm ~mu}o~mg

    dewm~oeb# Wloz jec nm y~`nbmdewoj qowl mbmjw~oj jo~j}ow ecebzoz

    j`}~zmz ecg `wlm~ j`}~zmz }zmg ez y~m~mu}ozowmz# E bejk `f}cgm~zwecgoca oc wlmzm jbezzmz qobb bokmb j`cwoc}m oc f}w}~m

    jbezzmz#

    Qlobm z`fwqe~m oz `fwmc }zmg oc wlmzm jbezzmz" `fwmc ow oz

    ecebzoz z`fwqe~m c`w dmecw w` wmejl j`cjmywz# Wmejloca z`fwqe~m

    g`mz m|ozw" n}w de levm cb e y~mzmw c}dnm~ f y~`nbmdz ~ cb

    y~`vogm wlm z`b}wo`c# @wlm~z y~`vogm e bodowbmzz c}dnm~ `f

    y~`nbmdz n jlecaoca j`dy`cmcw veb}mz" n}w mejl mcgz }y nmoca

    wlm zedm nezoj y~`nbmd#

    Wloz yeym~ ocw~`g}jmz cmq bme~coca z`fwqe~m wlew egg~mzzmz

    wlmzm zl`~wj`docaz# Wlm z`fwqe~m y~`vogmz e y~ejwojebb bodowbmzz

    c}dnm~ `f y~`nbmdz n ve~oca j`dy`cmcw veb}mz ecg jo~j}ow

    zw~}jw}~m# D`~m`vm~" ow y~`vogmz n`wl ec eczqm~ ecg ec

    m|ybecewo`c# Focebb" ow oz gmzoacmg z` wlew zw}gmcwz ql` cmmg

    d`~m lmby jec amw ow" qlobm wl`zm ql` g` c`w jec d`vm `c#

    >955 Ocwm~cewo`ceb W~eczejwo`c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &

    Eyybomg Zjomcjmz & Wmjlc`b`aomz#

    >955 Ocwm ~cew o `ceb W ~eczejw o `c H`}~ceb ` f Mc o cmm ~ o c Dece mdmc w & E b o mg Zj o mcjmz & Wmjlc` b ` o mz#>955 Ocwm~cewo`ceb W~eczejwo`c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" & Eyybomg Zjomcjmz & Wmjlc`b`aomz#

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    2/14

    =9< N~egbm Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    5# Ocw~`g}jwo`cEz ec mg}jew`~ oc `cm `f w`gez jbezz~``dz" O ed fejmg qowl wq` y~`nbmdz8 ec

    mvm~$a~`qoca n`g `f kc`qbmgam ecg ec mg}jewo`ceb zzwmd wlew oz d`voca w`qe~gz be~am~

    jbezz~``dz ecg ~mg}jmg fejm$w`$fejm wodm qowl zw}gmcwz# Mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}ow ecebzoz j`}~zmz

    ,lm~moc ~mfm~~mg w` ez jo~j}ow j`}~zmz/ e~m wyojebb ~mbewovmb be~am jbezzmz ecg gmczm oc wlm

    c}dnm~ `f w`yojz wlew e~m y~mzmcwmg# Ogmebb" f`~ mejl w`yoj wlew oz y~mzmcwmg zmvm~eb m|edybmz

    q`}bg nm y~mzmcwmg w` wlm jbezz# L`qmvm~" oc e w~egowo`ceb bmjw}~m mcvo~`cdmcw wlmzm e~m

    wodm$j`cz}doca# D`~m`vm~" zocjm jo~j}ow j`}~zmz e~m wyojebb mcw~$bmvmb" zw}gmcwz de levm e

    qogm ve~omw f nejka~`}cgz# Wlm~mf`~m" z`dm zw}gmcwz de }cgm~zwecg w`yojz ~oalw eqe qlobm

    `wlm~z de ~mu}o~m dec goffm~mcw m|edybmz# L`qmvm~" nmje}zm `f wlm c}dnm~ `f w`yojz"

    y~`vogoca m|edybmz f`~ mejl w`yoj }cwob mejl zw}gmcw }cgm~zwecgz oz c`w e y`zzonobow# Mu}ebb" ow

    oz c`w y~}gmcw f`~ zw}gmcwz w` h}zw amw wl~`}al e jo~j}owz j`}~zm zocjm ow oz `fwmc e y~m~mu}ozowm

    f`~ d`zw `f wlmo~ `wlm~ j`}~zmz# Ogmebb" ec oczw~}jw`~ `~ w}w`~ j`}bg lmby ec zw}gmcwz ql` amw

    bmfw nmlocg n w}w`~oca g}~oca wlmo~ `ffojm l`}~z `~ `wlm~ lmby zmzzo`cz# Qowl wlm j}~~mcw zwewm

    `f `}~ mg}jewo`c zzwmd; l`qmvm~" oczw~}jw`~z e~m ~mu}o~mg w` wmejl d`~m zw}gmcwz qowl wlm

    zedm" `~ mvmc fmqm~" ~mz`}~jmz# Z`fwqe~m oz `fwmc w`}wmg ez e qe w` ocj~mezm }cgm~zwecgoca

    `}wzogm `f wlm jbezz~``d#

    Qlobm z`fwqe~m lez owz nmcmfowz" ow oz c`w e yecejme f`~ wmejloca# Qlobm z`fwqe~m lez owz

    ybejm oc wlm jbezz~``d" `cm d}zw kmmy oc docg wlm y}~y`zm# F`~ oczwecjm" ZYOJM ecg `wlm~

    jo~j}ow ecebxoca z`fwqe~m e~m `fwmc }zmg n}w wlm e~m gmzoacmg w` ecebxm" c`w wmejl ecebzoz

    wmjlcou}mz# Qlobm wlm wmejloca `f wloz wym `f z`fwqe~m oz `fwmc h}zwofomg oc jo~j}ow j`}~zmz" wlm

    ocwmcw zl`}bg nm w` bme~c wlm z`fwqe~m c`w w` wmejl ecebzoz j`cjmywz# Ez ec eceb`a" j`czogm~

    wmejloca e jlobg e~owldmwoj `cb }zoca e jebj}bew`~# Wlm de bme~c l`q w` }zm wlm jebj}bew`~"

    n}w qobb cmowlm~ bme~c l`q w` ym~f`~d wlm e~owldmwoj c`~ aeoc oczoalw ocw` l`q wlm y~`nbmdz e~m

    z`bvmg# @wlm~ z`fwqe~m g`mz m|ozw f`~ wlm z`bm y}~y`zm `f lmbyoca zw}gmcwz bme~c wlm j`cjmywz#

    L`qmvm~" dec e~m bodowmg# F`~ m|edybm" z`dm levm `cb e y~mzmcw c}dnm~ `f y~`nbmdz `~

    `cb y~`vogm wlm z`b}wo`c qowl`}w zymjofoca l`q ow oz j`dy}wmg# @wlm~z de y~`vogm e

    bodowbmzz c}dnm~ `f y~`nbmdz n jlecaoca j`dy`cmcw veb}mz" n}w mejl `f wlmzm mcg }y nmoca

    wlm zedm nezoj y~`nbmd#

    Wloz yeym~ qobb ocw~`g}jm e cmqb gmvmb`ymg" j`dy}wm~$eogmg" bme~coca z`fwqe~m wlew

    egg~mzzmz wlmzm zl`~wj`docaz# Wlm z`fwqe~m y~`vogmz e y~ejwojebb bodowbmzz c}dnm~ `f

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    3/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =9?

    y~`nbmdz n c`w cb ve~oca j`dy`cmcw veb}mz n}w ebz` wlm zw~}jw}~m f wlm jo~j}owz# D`~m`vm~"

    wlm z`fwqe~m y~`vogmz c`w `cb ec eczqm~ w` mejl y~`nbmd" n}w ec m|ybecewo`c `f l`q wlm

    zw}gmcw j`}bg j`dy}wm ow# Focebb" wlm z`fwqe~m oz gmzoacmg oc z}jl e qe wlew zw}gmcwz ql` cmmg

    d`~m lmby jec amw ow qlobm wl`zm ql` g` c`w jec d`vm `c# Wloz z`fwqe~m ecg ec ecebzoz `f owz

    }zm oc e jbezz~``d qobb nm y~mzmcwmg oc wloz yeym~#

    ># Wymz`fMbmjw~ojJo~j}owEcebzozZ`fwqe~mWlm~m e~m wl~mm nezoj wymz `f z`fwqe~m yejkeamz }zmg oc ocw~`g}jw`~ jo~j}owz j`}~zmz8

    c}dm~ojeb ecebzoz z`fwqe~m" zod}bewo`c z`fwqe~m" ecg w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m# Mejl lez e ye~woj}be~

    y}~y`zm f`~ nmoca ocjb}gmg oc e jo~j}owz j`}~zm#

    C}dm~ojeb ecebzoz z`fwqe~m mcenbmz e }zm~ w` j~mewm j`dybm| dewlmdewojeb f}cjwo`cz ecg

    eba`~owldz" ecg wlmc z`bvm mu}ewo`cz }zoca wl`zm eba`~owldz# DEWBEN ,gm~ovmg f~`d Dew~o|

    Ben`~ew`~/" j~mewmg n DewlQ`~kz" oz c}dm~ojeb ecebzoz z`fwqe~m gmzoacmg f`~ mcaocmm~oca

    ecg `wlm~ dewl$~mbewmg fombgz ,Ewwoe" 5??6/# YWJz DewlJEG ecg wlm f~mmb eveobenbm F~mmDew

    e~m n`wl zodobe~ w` DEWBEN oc f}cjwo`cebow# Mejl f wlmzm z`fwqe~m y~`a~edz levm wlm enobow

    w` ym~f`~d j`dybm| dewlmdewojeb j`dy}wewo`cz# Qlobm wlmzm y~`a~edz zodybof wlm

    j`dy}wewo`cz" wlm g` levm g~eqnejkz# Oc b`qm~$bmvmb mbmjw~ojeb j`}~zmz" dec f wlm f`~d}bez

    }zmg g` c`w nmj`dm j`dybm| mc`}al w` ~mu}o~m j`dy}wm~$nezmg z`fwqe~m w` ecebxm#

    DEWBEN" ecg zodobe~ y~`a~edz" jec jebj}bewm go`gm jle~ejwm~ozwojz" yb`w w~eczozw`~ ~mzy`czm

    j}~vmz" ecg z` d}jl d`~m ,Ewwoe" 5??6/# L`qmvm~" wloz oz fwmc c`w cmmgmg oc b`q$bmvmb jo~j}owz

    j`}~zmz# Qlobm bme~coca wlm z`fwqe~m de nm ec `nhmjwovm `f wlm jbezz" bme~coca wlm c}dm~ojeb

    ecebzoz z`fwqe~m de c`w w~eczbewm ocw` ec ocj~mezmg }cgm~zwecgoca `f mbmjw~oj jo~j}ow ecebzoz#

    Wl}z wlm odybmdmcwewo`c `f c}dm~ojeb ecebzoz z`fwqe~m w` wmejl mbmjw~oj jo~j}ow ecebzoz de

    nm ody~ejwojeb#

    Zod}bewo`c y~`a~edz f`~ mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz mcenbm e }zm~ w` j~mewm e zjlmdewoj `f e jo~j}ow

    `c e j`dy}wm~ ecg wlmc ~}c e zod}bewo`c `c wlm jo~j}ow w` ecebxm wlm nmlevo`~# Zod}bewo`c

    Y~`a~ed Ocwma~ewmg Jo~j}owz Mzymjoebb ,ZYOJM/ oz cm f wlm d`zw j`dd`c zod}bewo`c mcaocmz

    }zmg f`~ mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz ,Jledez ecg C`kebo" >997/# ZYOJM oz e zod}bewo`c mcaocm gmvmb`ymg

    ew wlm ]covm~zow `f Jebof`~coe" Nm~kmbm" ecg zm~vmz ez e f`}cgewo`c f`~ mbmjw~`coj zod}bewo`c#

    Zmvm~eb y~`a~edz }zm ow" ocjb}goca \Zyojm ,Am`~aoe Wmjlcojeb ^mzme~jl Oczwow}wm/" YZyojm

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    4/14

    =59 N~egbmy Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    ,Doj~`Zod" c`q yejkeamg n @~JEG/" ecg D}bwoZod ,Mbmjw~`cojz Q`~knmcjl/# Zod}bewoca e

    jo~j}ow ocv`bvmz j~mewoca wlm jo~j}ow n ybejoca ye~wz ecg j`ccmjwoca qowl qo~mz" ~}ccoca wlm

    zod}bewo`c f`~ wlm jo~j}ow" ecg wlmc ecebxoca wlm ~mz}bwz qowl y~`nmz" zjobb`zj`ymz" ecg dmwm~z#

    Zod}bewo`c y~`a~edz e~m vm~ }zmf}b oc wlm fombg `f mbmjw~`cojz# Levoca e zod}bewo`c y~`a~ed

    mbodocewmz wlm ylzojeb wezk `f ybejoca qo~mz ecg ye~wz `c n~meg$n`e~gz# Zod}bewo`c z`fwqe~m

    ebz` dekmz ow y`zzonbm w` j`czw~}jw" wmzw" ecg ecebxm e jo~j}ow qowl`}w mvm~ w`}jloca ~meb ye~wz"

    z}jl ez jloyz `~ ~mzozw`~z ,Le~w" 5??:/# Wlm deoc nmcmfow `f wloz wym `f z`fwqe~m nmoca }zmg oc

    wlm jbezz~``d oz wlew ow oz ym~z`ceboxmg w` wlm zw}gmcwz; wlm e~m enbm w` n}obg jo~j}owz ew wlmo~ qc

    yejm ecg qowl wlmo~ `qc gmzoac ,Bogam" mw eb#" 5??=/# Qowl wlm enobow w` zw`~m jo~j}owz `c e

    j`dy}wm~ f`~ f}w}~m ~mfm~mcjm" wlm zw}gmcw jec j~mewm e y`~wf`bo` `f m|ym~odmcwz qowl`}w

    m|le}zwoca e z}yyb `f ye~wz ecg zyejm# ]bwodewmb wloz j`}bg zevm d`cm nmje}zm wlm zw}gmcwz

    g` c`w cmmg w` n} wloz mu}oydmcw `~ mbmjw~`coj ye~wz ,Jezw~`" >997/# ]cf`~w}cewmb" }cbmzz

    eb~meg y~mzmcw wlm j`zw `f wlm z`fwqe~m ecg j`dy}wm~z de nm d`~m j`zwb wlec wlm zodybm

    mbmjw~`coj ye~wz ecg mu}oydmcw# Z`dm zod}bewo`c y~`a~edz" z}jl ez YZyojm" }woboxm e JEG

    zw~}jw}~m wlew de c`w ebqez levm e zodybm }zm~ ocwm~fejm ,Y``bm" 5??7/# Of e be~am ed`}cw `f

    wodm oz cmmgmg w` w~eoc e zw}gmcw `c l`q w` }zm wlm z`fwqe~m" wlmc wodm qobb nm wekmc eqe f~`d

    ejw}eb bme~coca# F`~ zw}gmcwz oc b`qm~$bmvmb j`}~zmz ow de nm mezom~ w` h}zw n}obg e jo~j}ow `c e

    n~megn`e~g ecg wmzw ow qowl y~`nmz wlec zymcgoca wodm w~oca w` bme~c l`q w` g` zodybm wezkz

    qowl z`fwqe~m# Gmzyowm nmoca e a``g zkobb w` levm" bme~coca zod}bewo`c z`fwqe~m g`mz c`w m|ejwb

    w~eczbewm ocw` bme~coca jo~j}ow ecebzoz# Wloz z`fwqe~m `cb y~`vogmz wlm ecebzoz; ow g`mz c`w

    wmejl wlm }zm~ l`q w` `nweoc wlm ~mz}bwz#

    Foa}~m 58 GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam Be`}w M|edybmz#

    W}w`~oca z`fwqe~m mcenbmz e }zm~ w` bme~c n }zm `f y~ejwojm ecg m|edybm# Wq` m|edybmz f

    w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m e~m Qmn W}w`~ ecg GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam# GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam oz e

    wmejloca y~`a~ed degm n MWJEO wlew mcenbmz zw}gmcwz w` zle~ymc wlmo~ zkobbz c ve~o`}z w`yojz

    oc mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz# W}w`~oca z`fwqe~m" bokm GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam" }zmz y~mgmwm~docmg

    jo~j}owz f`~ zw}gmcwz w` y~ejwojm `c ,Nezm~" >996/# Oc GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam" wlm veb}mz `f wlm

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    5/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =55

    j`dy`cmcwz jlecam ebb`qoca zw}gmcwz w` y~ejwojm wlm zedm wym f jo~j}ow aovmc ve~o`}z veb}mz#

    W}w`~oca z`fwqe~m wlew }zmz y~mgmfocmg jo~j}owz" bokm GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam" ~mz}bwz oc wlm

    zw}gmcw ecebxoca wlm zedm jo~j}ow `vm~ ecg `vm~ eaeoc qowl h}zw wlm veb}mz `f wlm j`dy`cmcwz

    jlecaoca ,MWJEO" >99996/# Qmn W}w`~ amcm~ewmz e jo~j}ow qowloc e y~mgmfocmg f~edmq`~k ,^`geczko">998 Qmn W}w`~ Be`}w M|edybmz

    N levoca wlm z`fwqe~m owzmbf j~mewm wlm jo~j}ow wlm~m jec nm dec ve~oewo`cz `f jo~j}owz f`~

    ec aovmc w`yoj# Zw}gmcwz jec bme~c n y~ejwojoca ez d}jl ez wlm qecw }cwob wlm e~m

    j`df`~wenbm# Of e zw}gmcw a~ezyz wlm j`cjmywz `f e ye~woj}be~ bmzz`c wlmc wlew zw}gmcw g`mz c`w

    cmmg w` y~ejwojm ez d}jl ez ec`wlm~ zw}gmcw ql` g`mz c`w f}bb }cgm~zwecg wlm bmzz`c# Of

    z`fwqe~m ebb`qz f`~ ec ocfocowm c}dnm~ `f jo~j}owz" wlmc zw}gmcwz jec y~ejwojm ez d}jl ez wlm

    cmmg# Oc z`dm jezmz w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m j`}bg ~mybejm n``k q`~k ecg u}oxxmz j`dybmwmb

    ,Bogam" mw eb#" 5??=/# ^`geczko lez y~`vmg wlew z`fwqe~m w``bz jec z}yybmdmcw e j`}~zm qowl

    a~mew ~mz}bwz ,^`geczko" >996/# W}w`~oca z`fwqe~m jec nm }zmg ez e w``b wlew f`~jmz zw}gmcwz w`

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    6/14

    =5> N~egbm Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    b``k ew m|edybmz ecg y~ejwojm }cwob wlm j`cjmywz nmj`dm fedoboe~# W}w`~oca z`fwqe~m" l`qmvm~"

    g`mz levm g~eqnejkz" zymjofojebb wl`zm f`}cg oc wlm y~`a~eddoca# Wlm w`yojz e~m bodowmg n

    wlm ed`}cw `f y~`a~eddoca y}w ocw` wlm z`fwqe~m yejkeam# Z`dm w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m de c`w

    j`vm~ ebb wlm w`yojz j`vm~mg n wlm j`}~zm# Mvmc wl`}al wlm j`cjmywz ~mdeoc wlm zedm" wlm voz}eb

    goffm~mcjm oc z`dm jo~j}owz de nm j`cf}zoca# Wlm~mf`~m" y~ejwojoca `c dec goffm~mcw jo~j}owz

    qobb y~mye~m wlm zw}gmcw d`~m mffmjwovmb ,Nezm~" >996/# Zw}gmcwz ql` y~ejwojm c z`fwqe~m wlew

    jec amcm~ewm ec aovmc c}dnm~ ,ecg wym/ `f jo~j}owz de levm ec egvecweam `vm~ wlm zw}gmcwz

    ql` y~ejwojm `c `cm jo~j}ow qlm~m `cb wlm veb}mz `f wlm j`dy`cmcwz jlecam# Wlm~mf`~m" wlm

    wym `f w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m wlew oz }zmg qobb gmwm~docm wlm nmcmfowz#

    Foa}~m :8 Jo~j}ow W}w`~ M|edybmz

    :# Jo~j}owW}w`~Z`fwqe~mW}w`~oca z`fwqe~m jebbmg Jo~j}ow W}w`~ oz wlm f`j}z `f wloz yeym~# Qlobm ow oz zodobe~ w` Qmn

    W}w`~ ecg GJ Jo~j}owz Jlebbmcam oc dec ~mzymjwz" ow oz zoacofojecwb goffm~mcw oc `wlm~z# Foa}~m

    : zl`qz m|edybmz `f Jo~j}ow W}w`~ be`}wz# Qlobm wlm Jo~j}ow W}w`~ m|edybmz e~m zodobe~ w`

    Qmn W}w`~" wlm y~`a~ed g`mz ebb`q f`~ d`~m ve~oewo`c# E d`~m zoacofojecw goffm~mcjm nmwqmmc

    wlm wl~mm w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m yejkeamz oz wlm qez oc qlojl wlm y~`vogm lmby# GJ Jo~j}owz

    Jlebbmcam ecg Qmn W}w`~ aovm lmby n zl`qoca e amcm~oj m|edybm `~ n y`ocwoca w` e zymjofoj

    wlm`~ `c qlojl wlm y~`nbmd oz nezmg# Jo~j}ow W}w`~" `c wlm `wlm~ lecg" y~`vogmz j}zw`doxmg

    wm|w zl`qoca zwmy$n$zwmy l`q e zymjofoj y~`nbmd oz z`bvmg# Foa}~m 7 zl`qz e y~`nbmd ez

    y~mzmcwmg w` wlm zw}gmcw#

    Foa}~m = zl`qz wlm eczqm~z ez z}ndowwmg ecg wlm ~mz}bwoca m|ybecewo`c# Wlm f}bb wm|w f wloz

    m|ybecewo`c oz zl`qc oc Foa}~m 6# Wloz wm|w oz j}zw`doxmg f`~ mejl y~`nbmd#

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    7/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =5:

    Foa}~m 78 Jo~j}ow W}w`~ M|edybm ez Y~mzmcwmg w` Zw}gmcw

    Foa}~m =8 Jo~j}ow W}w`~ M|edybm @cjm Z}ndowwmg n Zw}gmcw

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    8/14

    =57 N~egbm Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    Foa}~m 68 Jo~j}ow W}w`~ M|edybm" M|ybecewo`c Jb`zm$}y

    Foa}~m 18 Jo~j}ow W}w`~ Zj`~oca M|edybm

    Wlm z`fwqe~m oz gmzoacmg w` ocj~mezm zw}gmcwz j~owojeb wlockoca enobowomz# Qlmc zw}gmcwz zmm

    e jo~j}owz u}mzwo`c `c ec m|ed wlm d}zw fo~zw gmwm~docm e dmwl`g w` z`bvm wlm y~`nbmd# Wloz oz

    n c` dmecz w~ovoeb# Mvmc mbmjw~oj jo~j}owz wlew b``k m|w~mdmb zodobe~ de nm ecebxmg oc vm~

    goffm~mcw qez# F`~ wloz ~mez`c" dmd`~oxoca wlm`~omz oz c`w mc`}al# Zw}gmcwz d}zw j`dy~mlmcg

    wlm wlm`~omz ecg gmwm~docm wlmo~ eyybojenobow w` zymjofoj jo~j}owz# ]cf`~w}cewmb" wloz

    j`dy~mlmczo`c jecc`w nm we}alw# Qlobm oczw~}jw`~z jec y~`vogm ~mz`}~jmz ecg a}ogm wlm

    zw}gmcwz" qm e~m c`w enbm w` fboy wlm zqowjl `f }cgm~zwecgoca# Wlew oz }y w` wlm zw}gmcwz# @cm

    qe w` amw zw}gmcwz w` zmm wlm eczqm~ oz wl~`}al wlm }zm `f m|edybmz# D`zw z`fwqe~m }zmg oc

    jo~j}owz jbezz qobb ecebxm e jo~j}ow n}w c`w zl`q l`q ow oz g`cm# Wlm Jo~j}ow W}w`~ z`fwqe~m"

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    9/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =5=

    l`qmvm~" ewwmdywz w` g` wloz# Wloz z`fwqe~m jlebbmcamz e zw}gmcw qowl e y~`nbmd" jlmjkz wlmo~

    eczqm~" wlmc zl`qz wlm zw}gmcw l`q wlm j`}bg eyy~`ejl wlm y~`nbmd# Bokm d`zw `wlm~ w}w`~

    z`fwqe~m" ow lez e y~ejwojm d`gm wlew ~mymewz wlm zedm wym `f y~`nbmd `vm~ ecg `vm~ w` n}obg

    fedoboe~ow qowl l`q wlm zymjofoj y~`nbmd wym oz z`bvmg# E goffm~mcjm qowl wloz z`fwqe~m oz wlew

    ow ebz` lez e wmzw d`gm# Oc wloz d`gm ~ecg`d wymz `f y~`nbmdz e~m aovmc z` zw}gmcwz d}zw

    bme~c w` ~mj`acoxm wlm wym `f y~`nbmd oc eggowo`c w` kc`qoca l`q ow oz z`bvmg#

    Wlm z`fwqe~m gmvmb`ymg ez e ye~w `f wloz y~`hmjw jec nm }zmg w` z}yybmdmcw w`yojz wlew

    zw}gmcwz fmmb wlm cmmg d`~m wodm qowl# Wlm z`fwqe~m j}~~mcwb lez : w`yojz ecg mejl w`yoj lez

    ew bmezw > z}nw`yojz# Wlm z`fwqe~m qez gmzoacmg z` wlew ow jec mezob nm m|yecgmg qowl d`~m

    w`yojz# F}~wlm~d`~m" zw}gmcwz e~m enbm w` zymcg ez d}jl ,`~ ez bowwbm/ wodm qowl e w`yoj ez wlm ,`~wlm oczw~}jw`~/ zmm fow# Wlm z`fwqe~m lez e zymjoeb zj`~oca zzwmd n}obw oc wlew mcj`}~eamz wloz# Ow

    zj`~mz `cb wlm d`zw j}~~mcw y~`nbmdz# Wlm~mf`~m" of e zw}gmcw kc`qz e w`yoj wlm jec q`~k wlm

    docod}d c}dnm~ `f y~`nbmdz ecg amw e a``g zj`~m# Ebwm~cewovmb" e zw}gmcw ql` oz zw~}aaboca

    jec kmmy g`oca eggowo`ceb y~`nbmdz }cwob wlm }cgm~zwecg wlm w`yoj# Zocjm cb wlm d`zw j}~~mcw

    y~`nbmdz e~m }zmg w` gmwm~docm wlm zj`~m" e a``g zj`~m oz ebqez y`zzonbm# Ec m|edybm f wloz oz

    zl`qc oc Foa}~m 1# F`~ wloz ye~woj}be~ m|edybm `cb 6 y~`nbmdz e~m }zmg oc zj`~oca# Zocjm wlm

    zw}gmcw q`~kmg < y~`nbmdz wlm fo~zw wq` e~m oac`~mg# Wloz dmwl`g oz dmecw w` mcj`}~eam wl`zm

    ql` cmmg m|w~e q`~k w` g` ow qlobm c`w ymceboxoca wl`zm ql` g` c`w cmmg ow#

    7# Odybmdmcwewo`c`fZ`fwqe~mWlm y}~y`zm f wloz y~`hmjw qez w` focg e qe w` mclecjm jbezz~``d ymgea`a oc wlm fombg f

    mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz# Wloz qez u}ecwofomg }zoca wmzw zj`~mz ecg z}~vmz f~`d zw}gmcwz# Wloz y~`hmjw

    z}aamzwmg qez w` lmby ~mbomvm wodm zw~eocz ybejmg `c wlm mg}jew`~ ecg ocj~mezm j`cjmyw}eb

    }cgm~zwecgoca f`~ wlm zw}gmcwz# Wlm km j`cjm~c `f wlm z`fwqe~m oz w` ody~`vm wlm zkobbz `fzw}gmcwz oc e wodm$mffojomcw deccm~#

    Wloz y~`hmjw ocv`bvmg wlm zw}gmcwz oc e b`qm~$bmvmb mbmjw~ojeb j`}~zm oc wlm Zjl``b `f

    Y`bwmjlcoj Zw}gomz ew Z`}wlmezw Dozz`}~o Zwewm ]covm~zow# Wlm zymjofoj j`}~zm oz MW5698

    Nezoj Mbmjw~ojow ecg Mbmjw~`cojz# Wlm jbezz ocv`bvmg lez wlo~w$wq` zw}gmcwz# L`qmvm~" c`w ebb

    wlo~w$wq` zw}gmcwz ye~wojoyewmg oc wlm y~`hmjw# Ezogm f~`d wlm wlo~w$wq` y`wmcwoeb zw}gmcwz oc

    MW569" wlm~m qez e y`wmcwoeb fovm zw}gmcwz f~`d loalm~$bmvmb j`}~zmz wlew leg eb~meg wekmc

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    10/14

    =56 N~egbm Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    mowlm~ MW569 `~ e zodobe~ j`}~zm# Wlmzm }yym~$bmvmb zw}gmcwz qm~m }zmg w` y~`vogm fmmgnejk `c

    wlm z`fwqe~m# Wlm y~`hmjw ~mbomg `c zw}gmcw z}~vmz f`~ ocf`~dewo`c ~mae~goca wlm nmcmfowz ecg

    `yoco`cz `f wlm z`fwqe~m qlmc }zmg oc wlm jbezz# E z}~vm qez ebz` aovmc w` wlm loalm~$bmvmb

    zw}gmcwz#

    Wmzwz qm~m }zmg w` aewlm~ gewe ocgojewoca wlm bmvmbz f }cgm~zwecgoca f`~ zw}gmcwz oc MW569#

    W` amw e nmwwm~ }cgm~zwecgoca `f wlm }zmf}bcmzz `f wlm z`fwqe~m 7 wmzwz qm~m egdocozwm~mg8

    y~m$wmzw E" y`zw$wmzw E" y~m$wmzw N" ecg y`zw$wmzw N# N`wl f wlm y~m$wmzwz qm~m aovmc nmf`~m }zm f

    wlm z`fwqe~m# N`wl `f wlm y`zw$wmzwz qm~m aovmc efwm~ }zm `f wlm z`fwqe~m# Wlm y~m$wmzw E ecg

    y`zw$wmzw E n`wl }zmg e ~ecg`db amcm~ewmg y~`nbmd wekmc vm~newod f~`d wlm Jo~j}ow W}w`~

    z`fwqe~m# Y~m$wmzw E qez aovmc eyy~`|odewmb `cm d`cwl nmf`~m zw}gmcwz }zmg wlm z`fwqe~m#Y`zw$wmzw E qez goffm~mcw wlec wlm y~m$wmzw" n}w zodobe~# Ow qez aovmc oddmgoewmb efwm~ zw}gmcwz

    q`~kmg qowl wlm z`fwqe~m# Y~m$wmzw N ecg y`zw$wmzw N n`wl j`czozwmg `f y~`nbmdz j`vm~oca wlm

    zedm j`cjmywz ez wl`zm f`}cg oc wlm z`fwqe~m# L`qmvm~" wlm qe oc qlojl wlm j`cjmyw oz

    y~mzmcwmg oz zoacofojecwb goffm~mcw wlec wlew f`}cg oc wlm z`fwqe~m# Y~m$wmzw N qez aovmc

    eyy~`|odewmb `cm d`cwl nmf`~m zw}gmcwz }zmg wlm z`fwqe~m# Y`zw$wmzw N qez goffm~mcw wlec wlm

    y~m$wmzw" n}w zodobe~# Y`zw$wmzw N qez aovmc e qmmk efwm~ zw}gmcwz q`~kmg qowl wlm z`fwqe~m#

    Wmzw zmw E qez gmzoacmg w` zmm of wlm z`fwqe~m lmbymg wlm }cgm~zwecgoca `f e vm~ zymjofoj

    y~`nbmd wym vm~ e vm~ zl`~w wodm ym~o`g# Wmzw zmw N qez gmzoacmg w` zmm of wlm z`fwqe~m j`}bg

    lmby qowl `wlm~ wymz `f y~`nbmdz ,j`vm~oca wlm zedm j`cjmywz/ `vm~ e b`cam~ ym~o`g `f wodm#

    Qlobm jlecamz qm~m y~mzmcw f~`d wlm y~m$wmzw w` wlm y`zw$wmzw f`~ n`wl wmzw zmwz" wlm `vm~ebb

    goffoj}bw `f wlm y~`nbmd qez dmecw w` nm j`czozwmcw# Wlmzm goffm~mcjmz qm~m ocw~`g}jmg w`

    mcz}~m wlew zw}gmcwz gogcw dmd`~oxm eczqm~z qowl`}w }cgm~zwecgoca wlm }cgm~boca j`cjmyw# Ow

    zl`}bg ebz` nm zwewmg wlew wlm wodoca ecg j`cjmywz `f n`wl y~m$wmzwz qm~m ocw~`g}jmg w` wlm

    zw}gmcwz elmeg `f wodm# Wlm j`cjmyw ecg wodoca `f wlm y`zw$wmzw E qez ebz` ecc`}cjmg# Cmowlm~

    wlm wodoca c`~ wlm zymjofoj y~`nbmd wym `f y`zw$wmzw N qez ecc`}cjmg elmeg `f wodm# Wlm

    j`cjmywz j`vm~mg n wlm z`fwqe~m ecg wmzwz qm~m ebb j`vm~mg oc bmjw}~m nmf`~m ec wmzwz qm~m

    aovmc#

    =# ^mz}bwz`fZ`fwqe~mWmzwocaWlm wmzw gewe aewlm~mg qez ecebxmg }zoca zwecge~g zwewozwojeb y~`jmzzmz# E cm$weobmg w$wmzw

    qez }zmg w` gmwm~docm of wlm zw}gmcwz a~egmz ocj~mezmg f~`d y~m$wmzw w` y`zw$wmzw f`~ mejl wmzw

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    11/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =51

    zmw# Qlobm wlm~m qez vm~ :9 zw}gmcwz oc wlm jbezz" c`w ebb zw}gmcwz ye~wojoyewmg oc ebb ye~wz f wlm

    y~`hmjw# F`~ m|edybm" z`dm zw}gmcwz z}ndowwmg y~m$wmzw E" n}w gog c`w z}ndow y`zw$wmzw E# Z`dm

    zw}gmcwz ebz` w``k ye~wz `f wlm y~m$wmzw ecg y`zw$wmzw qowl`}w }zoca wlm z`fwqe~m# Enzmcw `f wlm

    z`fwqe~m }zmg" ow oz ezz}dmg wlew oczoacofojecw ody~`vmdmcw qez degm nmwqmmc y~m$wmzwoca ecg

    y`zw$wmzwoca# E bodowmg zedybm zoxm y~mvmcwmg z}n$govogoca wlm a~`}y ocw` wq` ye~wz f`~ j`cw~`b

    ecg m|ym~odmcw# Wl}z wlm ezz}dywo`c lez nmmc degm wlew ebb ody~`vmdmcw qm~m g}m w` wlm

    z`fwqe~m#

    Wenbm 5 bozwz wlm ~mz}bwz f`~ mejl wmzw zmw" wlm z}n$u}mzwo`cz `f mejl y~`nbmd zmw" wlm `vm~ebb

    ~mz}bwz" ecg wlm ~mz}bwz f~`d 7 zw}gmcwz ql` qm~m c`w enbm w` }zm wlm z`fwqe~m nmje}zm `f

    enzmcjm# Wlm Y$veb}mz zl`qc e~m wlm ~mz}bw f wlm w$wmzw ecg y~`vogmz e dmez}~m f wlm bokmbol``gwlew wlm ~mz}bw j`}bg levm nmmc ejlomvmg wl~`}al jlecjm# Of wlm Y$veb}m oz bmzz wlec wlm zmw ebyle

    bmvmb ,wyojebb 9#59 `~ 9#9=/" wlm gewe oz j`czogm~mg w` nm zwewozwojebb zoacofojecw# Wlm zedybm

    zoxmz e~m ebz` zl`qc# Yeo~mg w$wmzwz ~mu}o~m e yeo~ f y~m$ ecg y`zw$wmzwz# Wlm~mf`~m" of cm zw}gmcw

    z}ndowwmg wlm y~m$wmzw n}w c`w wlm y`zw$wmzw wlmc wlm gewe qez `dowwmg# Wlm wenbm obb}zw~ewmz

    qlmwlm~ `~ c`w wlm zw}gmcw ejlomvmdmcw" nezmg `c a~egmz f~`d y~m$wmzwz ecg y`zw$wmzwz" oz

    mc`}al w` ezz}dm wlew wlm z`fwqe~m lez e zwewozwojebb zoacofojecw mffmjw `c wlm mg}jewo`c `f

    zw}gmcwz# Qowl wlm ebyle bmvmb zmw ew 9#9= wlm vm~ebb wmzw ~mz}bwz zl`qz zoacofojecw ody~`vmdmcw

    zocjm wlm Y$veb}m oz bmzz wlec wlm ebyle bmvmb ,9#999= 2 9#9=/# Dec `f wlm ocgovog}eb y~`nbmdz

    ecg u}mzwo`cz ebz` zl`q e zwewozwojebb zoacofojecw ody~`vmdmcw# Ow zl`}bg nm c`wmg" l`qmvm~"

    wlew oc U}mzwo`c >e oc Wmzw Zmw N wlm evm~eam zj`~m ejw}ebb gmj~mezmg ,mvmc of ow oz zwewozwojebb

    oczoacofojecw ew e Y$veb}m `f 9#5675/# Wlm ody~`vmdmcwz degm `c d`zw `f wlm y`zw$wmzw

    u}mzwo`cz" l`qmvm~" dekm wlm `vm~ebb wmzw ody~`vmdmcw zwewozwojebb zoacofojecw#

    Nmje}zm f enzmcjmz" e zdebb zedybm f zw}gmcwz ,7/ f~`d MW569 qm~m aovmc y~m$wmzw N ecg

    y`zw$wmzw N qowl`}w }zoca wlm z`fwqe~m# Gewe f~`d wlmzm zw}gmcwz oz bozwmg oc wlm wenbm ez Wmzw Zmw

    N J`cw~`b# Ebwl`}al wlm zedybm zoxm qez zdebb" wlm gewe aewlm~mg gog ocgojewm wlew wlm y`zw$wmzw

    ~mz}bwz zl`qmg c` ody~`vmdmcw `vm~ wlm y~m$wmzw ~mz}bwz qlmc wlm zw}gmcwz gog c`w }zm wlm

    z`fwqe~m# Wl}z wlm ezz}dywo`c wlew c` zoacofojecw ody~`vmdmcw q`}bg cew}~ebb nm degm f~`d

    y~m$wmzw w` y`zw$wmzw oz z}yy`~wmg#

    Oc eggowo`c w` ecebxoca wmzw ~mz}bwz" zw}gmcwz qm~m ebz` aovmc ec ec`cd`}z z}~vm z` wlew

    wlm j`}bg y~`vogm fmmgnejk `c wlm z`fwqe~m# D`zw `f wlm ~mzy`czmz f~`d wlm z}~vm e~m

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    12/14

    =5< N~egbm Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    y`zowovm ~mae~goca wlm }zm ecg nmcmfow `f Jo~j}ow W}w`~# @cm u}mzwo`c" u}mzwo`c 59" leg e

    }cecod`}z ~mzy`czm wlew wlm y~`a~ed q`}bg nm nmcmfojoeb f`~ zw}gmcwz wekoca wlm j`}~zm oc wlm

    f}w}~m# J`ddmcwz degm ew wlm mcg `f wlm z}~vm qm~m d`zwb y`zowovm# M|y~mzzo`cz z}jl ez

    vm~ lmbyf}b" vm~ nmcmfojoeb" zodybm ecg mez w` }zm" ecg y~mww edexoca qm~m ebb }zmg

    w` gmzj~onm wlm z`fwqe~m# Jo~j}ow W}w`~ z}yy`~wmg qlew qez we}alw oc wlm jbezz qmbb"

    gmfocowmb lmbymg" qez a``g y~ejwojm qowl oddmgoewm fmmgnejk" lmbymg w` nmwwm~

    }cgm~zwecg wlm dewm~oeb" mclecjmg }cgm~zwecgoca" ecg ~mocf`~jmg wlm j`cjmywz ejj`~goca

    w` wlm z}~vmz# Z`dm `f wlm fmmgnejk ogmcwofomg Jo~j}ow W}w`~ w` nm e a``g zw}g w``b" ecg

    ~mebb lmbyf}b qlmc zw}goca ez qmbb ez lmbyf}b qlmc y~mye~oca f`~ wmzwz ecg }cgm~zwecgoca

    l`dmq`~k# C`w ebb wlm j`ddmcwz" l`qmvm~" qm~m y`zowovm# Z`dm j`ddmcwz qm~m j`czw~}jwovm

    ecg y~`vogmg z}aamzwo`cz `c ody~`vmdmcw# @vm~ebb wlm~m qm~m c` cmaewovm ~mde~kz" h}zw

    y`zowovm mveb}ewo`cz ecg lmbyf}b z}aamzwo`cz#

    Wenbm 58 Zwewozwojeb Ecebzoz `f Wmzw ^mz}bwz

    Wmzw Zmw E" C4>=

    Y$veb}m Y~m$Eva Y`zw$Eva

    U}mzwo`c 5 9#95=? 1># 16#99- 1?#>9-

    W`web 9#9716 17#79- :

    Y$veb}m Y~m$Eva Y`zw$Eva

    @vm~ebb Wmzw 9#999= 1:#5

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    13/14

    (J`~~mzy`cgoca e}wl `~ ,N# Gmkmc/# Wmb Fe|8 , =1:/ 6=5$>6=?# M$deob egg~mzzmz8

    ngmkmcIzmd`#mg}# >955# Ocwm~ cewo `ceb W~eczejwo `c H`}~ceb `f Mcaocmm~oca" Deceamdmcw" &Eyybo mg Zjomc jmz & Wmjlc`b `aomz# V`b}dm > C`#=# ,Zymjo eb Ozz}m/# OZZC >>> =91$=>9#ygf

    =5?

    @vm~ebb wlm Jo~j}ow W}w`~ z`fwqe~m gog ody~`vm a~egmz n e zwewozwojebb zoacofojecw ed`}cw#

    C`w `cb gog Jo~j}ow W}w`~ ody~`vm wlm a~egmz" ow ebz` ~mjmovmg a``g ~mvomqz n wlm zw}gmcwz

    wlmdzmbvmz# Ebwl`}al wlm zedybm zoxm f`~ wlm zw}g qez zdebb" wlm ~mz}bwz qm~m jbme~; w}w`~oca

    z`fwqe~m g`mz levm ec odyejw `c wlm bmvmb `f }cgm~zwecgoca wlm zw}gmcwz levm ~mae~goca

    mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz#

    6# J`cjb}zo`cWlm gewe aewlm~mg f~`d wlm wmzwz ocgojewm wlew Jo~j}ow W}w`~ z`fwqe~m gog levm e y`zowovm

    odyejw `c wlm bmvmb `f }cgm~zwecgoca ~mae~goca mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz# Wlm gewe aewlm~mg f~`d wlm

    z}~vmz zl`q wlew zw}gmcwz bokmg wlm ogme `f levoca w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m eveobenbm w` z}yybmdmcw

    wlm bmzz`cz ez qmbb ez ~mybejoca l`dmq`~k ecg u}oxxmz# Ez e ~mz}bw `f wlm ecebzoz `f wlm gewe"

    wlm ymgea`a oc wlm j`}~zmz c mbmjw~ojeb jo~j}owz ew Z`}wlmezw Dozz`}~o Zwewm ]covm~zow de nm

    ody~`vmg#

    Wlm z`fwqe~m qez ebz` f`}cg w` y~`vogm e wodm zevocaz# Wlm wodm ow wekmz w` ezzoac ecg

    a~egm l`dmq`~k" ezzoac ecg a~egm u}oxxmz" ~mvomq f`~ wmzwz" ecg m|ybeoc l`q w` z`bvm jo~j}owz

    jec nm ye~woebb mbodocewmg qowl wlm }zm `f wloz w}w`~oca z`fwqe~m# Wlm zw}gmcwz qobb nm enbm w`

    y~ejwojm ez d}jl ez cmmgmg qowl }cbodowmg m|edybmz ecg qowl`}w wlm ezzozwecjm f e wmejlm~" nm

    enbm w` q`~k `c l`dmq`~k ew wlmo~ `qc yejm" ecg nm enbm w` zw}g f`~ wmzwz qowl`}w gmgojewmg

    ~mvomq#

    J}~~mcwb" d zw}gmcwz e~m aovmc ejjmzz w` wlm z`fwqe~m ecg mcj`}~eamg w` }zm ow" n}w e~m

    c`w ~mu}o~mg w` }zm ow# O ed j}~~mcwb q`~koca `c mclecjmdmcwz w` wlm z`fwqe~m w` dekm ow d`~m

    }zm~$f~omcgb# Oc wlm f}w}~m" d`~m w`yojz qobb nm eggmg# @cjm wlmzm d`gofojewo`cz e~m j`dybmwm" e

    zmj`cg" be~am~ zw}g `f Jo~j}ow W}w`~ qobb nm ym~f`~dmg# Qowl e be~am~ zedybm zoxm ecg d`~m

    wodm ec`wlm~ zw}g de j`dybodmcw wloz cm qowl ody~`vmg ~mz}bwz# Ebwl`}al Jo~j}ow W}w`~ jec

    nm m|yecgmg ecg ody~`vmg ecg d`~m zw}gomz ym~f`~dmg `c wlm mffmjwovmcmzz `f wlm z`fwqe~m"

    wloz y~`hmjw qez z}jjmzzf}b oc owz m|edocewo`c `f mclecjoca jbezz~``d ymgea`a oc jo~j}ow

    ecebzoz j`}~zmz#

    1# ^mfm~mcjmzEwwoe" H# ,5??6/# Wmejloca mbmjw~`cojz qowl DEWBEN" F~`cwom~z oc Mg}jewo`c J`cfm~mcjm" >"

  • 7/30/2019 Development of Computer Aided Learning Software for Use in Electric Circuit Analysis

    14/14

    =>9 N~egbmy Gmkmc ecg Jl~oz J`qmc

    69?$655#

    Nezm~" D# ,>996/# Y~`d`woca j`cjmyw}eb jlecam wl~`}al ejwovm bme~coca }zoca `ymc z`}~jm

    z`fwqe~m f`~ ylzojz zod}bewo`cz"E}zw~ebezoec H`}~ceb `f Mg}jewo`ceb Wmjlc b`a" >>

    ,:/" ::6$:=7#

    Jezw~`" D# ,>997/# Q`~k oc y~`a~mzz $ ocwma~ewo`c f cmq w``bz ecg wmjlc`b`aomz oc mbmjw~`cojz

    wmejloca" F~`cwom~z oc Mg}jewo`c" 59$55#

    Jledez" O# ecg C`kebo" D# ,>997/# E}w`dewmg YZyojm zod}bewo`c ez ec mffmjwovm gmzoac w``b oc

    wmejloca y`qm~ mbmjw~`cojz"OMMM W~eczejwo`cz `c Mg}jewo`c" 71 ,:/" 75=$7>5#

    MWJEO# ,>99996/" Gcedoj qmn$nezmg w}w`~oeb w``b" Ocf`~dewo c Wmjlc`b`a Nezmg

    Loalm~ Mg}jewo`c ecg W~eococa" 61$19#

    ^`geczko" N# ,>99999#

    JL^OZ J@QMC oz j}~~mcwb q`~koca oc wlm YJN dec}fejw}~oca ocg}zw~ oc Gebbez" W\# Lm lez e DZ gma~mm

    f~`d Z`}wlmezw Dozz`}~o Zwewm ]covm~zow oc Ocg}zw~oeb Deceamdmcw qowl e f`j}z oc Wmejloca ecg W~eococa#

    D~# J`qmc lez e zw~`ca g~ovm f`~ mg}jewo`c ecg wlm }woboxewo`c `f wmjlc`b`a#

    Ymm~ ^mvomq8 Wloz e~wojbm lez nmmc ocwm~cewo`cebb ymm~$~mvomqmg ecg ejjmywmg f`~ y}nbojewo`c

    ejj`~goca w` wlm a}ogmbocmz aovmc ew wlm h`}~cebz qmnzowm# C`wm8 Wloz e~wojbm

    qez ejjmywmg ecg y~mzmcwmg ew OEHJ$EZMM Ocwm~cewo`ceb H`ocw J`cfm~mcjm `c

    Mcaocmm~oca ecg mbewmg Wmjlc`b`aomz zy`cz`~mg n OEHJ" EZMM" OMMM" vmc}m

    ew ]covm~zow `f Le~wf`~g" ]ZE g}~oca Ey~ob >?$:9" >955#