DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of...

39
DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine

Transcript of DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of...

Page 1: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD

by

Dr. Azher ShahAssociate Professor

Department of Paediatric Medicine

Page 2: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

Growth

• Quantitative increase in size of body and can be measured in terms of HEIGHT and WEIGHT

Development

• Qualitative functional maturation assessed in terms of acquisition of skills and ability to cope with the situation

Page 3: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Growth and development are so closely related that they are usually assessed simultaneously

Page 4: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Normal Child Development

Children acquire functional skills throughout childhood

Child development is used to describe the skills acquired by children between birth and about 5 years of age

From Birth to Five years, there is a rapid progress in mobility, speech and language, communication and independence skills

During school age, evidence of developmental progression is predominantly through cognitive development, abstract thinking and skills of conceptualization

Page 5: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Who Should Monitor the Development of a Child?

Parents Health Care Professional

Page 6: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Main Objective to Assess the Development of a Child

Early detection of delayed or abnormal

development• Early Detection Can help •Children achieve their maximum potential •Provide treatment or therapy promptly •An entry point for the care and management of the child with special needs

Page 7: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Influence of Heredity and Environment on Development

Child's development represents the interaction of heredity and the environment on the developing brain

• Infants• Primary school age children• Adolescents

Heredity determines the potential of the child, while the environment influences the extent to which that potential is achieved

For optimal development, the environment has to meet the child's physical and psychological needs

Physical and Psychological needs vary with age and stage of development:

Page 8: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Influence of Heredity and Environment on Development (Cont…)

Page 9: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Fields of Development

Page 10: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Fields of Development (Cont…)Four fields of Developmental Skills• Gross Motor • Vision and Fine Motor • Hearing, Speech and Language • Social, Emotional and Behavioural

Gross motor skills are the most obvious initial area of developmental progress

Fine motor skills require good vision, these are grouped together

Normal speech and language development depends on reasonable hearing

Social, emotional and behavioural skills are a spectrum of psychological development

Deficiency in any one skill area can have an impact on other areas

Page 11: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Page 12: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

Gross Motor Fine Motor and Vision

Hearing and Speech

Social Behaviour

Influenced by child’s illness, hunger, thirst and alertness or drowsiness

Page 13: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

Page 14: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 15: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 16: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 17: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 18: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 19: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 20: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 21: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 22: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

Page 23: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 24: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 25: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 26: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 27: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 28: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 29: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 30: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 31: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.

SPEECH, LANGUAGE & HEARING

Page 32: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 33: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 34: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 35: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 36: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 37: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 38: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.
Page 39: DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD by Dr. Azher Shah Associate Professor Department of Paediatric Medicine.