Development Brief - Upper Lee Valley

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1. Introduction

2. Context2.1 Physical & Socio-Economic2.2 Policy & Planning

3. Urban Design Analysis

3.1 Urban Grain3.2 Open Space3.3 Massing & Density3.4 Access3.5 Building Typology3.6 SWOT Summary

4. Vision and Urban Design Principles

4.1 Vision4.2 Design Principles

5. Development Strategy Upper Lee Valley

5.1 Upper Lee Valley Development framework5.2 Upper Lee Valley Character Areas5.3 Upper Lee Valley - Key Opportunity Sites

6. Detail development framework

6.1 Access 6.1.1 Introduction6.1.2 Access SWOT6.1.3 Access Vision & Principles6.1.4 Access strategic framework6.1.5 Access - Opportunity sites6.1.6 Ordonance Road & EnfielLock6.1.7 Ponders End6.1.8 PickettsLock6.1.9 Meridian Water

CONTENT

6.2 Urban Structure6.2.1 Introduction6.2.2 Urban Structure SWOT6.2.3 Urban structure Vision & principles6.2.4 Urban structure strategic framework6.2.5 Urban Structure - Opportunity sites6.2.6 Ordonance Road & HertfordRoad6.2.7 EnfielLockCommunityHub6.2.8 PondersEnd&PickettsLock6.2.9 Brimsdown6.2.10 Rammey Green House 6.3 Public Realm

6.3.1 Introduction6.3.2 Public Realm SWOT6.3.3 Public Realm Vision & Principles6.3.4 Public Realm strategic framework6.3.5 Pubic Realm - Opportunity sites6.3.6 Ordonance Road6.3.7 EnfielIslandVillage6.3.8 Brimsdown Waterfront Plaza6.3.9 Growit!station&Market Satllites6.3.10 Lee Valley Regional Park

7. Phasing

7.1 Phasing Plan7.2 Cost Analysis

8. Conclusion

9. Bibliography

10. Appendices

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“Quantify the economic effects of reskilling an impoverished, marginalized labor force and regenerating the agricultural parkland and ecology of a postindustrial landscape” (Farrell, 2010 483).

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1INTRODUCTION

The area known as the ‘Upper Lee Valley’ refers to a locality in the northeast of London occupying substantialswathoflandintheboroughofEnfield,justeastoftheEnfieldtowncenter.TheULVisamultidimensionalspace,whichcontainswithinitafascinatinglydiverselandscapeofurban,peri-urbanandnaturalfeatures.Rangingfromresidentialneighborhoods in the west to the scenic Lee Valley ParkandLeeRiverNavigationintheeastandtheindustrialareasinbetween,theULVistrulyamicrocosminitsownright.Unfortunately,theULV,longovershadowedbymoreunifiedcommunitiessurroundingLondon,hasapparentlyfallenintoastateofneglect;despitetheeffortsoflocalcouncils,the ULV has a long way to go before it becomes the ‘leisuredestination’anddesirablereal-estatemarketmany hope it will become. The Upper Lee Valley is blessed with many undeniableassets,nottheleastamongwhichbeingitsrelativeproximitytoLondon,itsborderwiththe M25 ring road—one of the country’s major arteries,andthenearnessandnotablesimilaritiesit shares with the 2012 London Olympics site near Stratford.Still,theULValsocontainsitsfairshareofperi-urbanblight,encompassingoneofLondon’srubbish dumps and serving as a major thruway forautomobiletraffic,amongotherthings.Thisconfluenceof‘good’and‘bad’qualitiesarguablymakestheULValocationofexceptionalpotential.Indeed,withtheappropriateplanningandinterventions(nottomentionfunding),theUpperLeeValleyshowsimmensepromiseasacommutingsuburbofoneoftheworld’smostexcitingcities.Thepurposeofthefollowing‘DevelopmentBrief’,authored by students of the University College London’sDevelopmentPlanningUnit,isbothtoprovide a detailed analysis of the ULV area from a uniqueandyouthfulperspective,andtoproposeaseriesofdevelopmentalprinciplesandinterventionsforthepursuitofbetteringtheULVbasedonthatanalysis.Fromtheoutset,severalfeaturesofthis project should be noted: the authors of this documentcomefromvariouspersonal,academicandprofessionalbackgrounds,therebyofferingan

arguablymultifacetedperspectiveontheULV;itshould be noted that while none of the authors are residentsoftheULVarea,whatweoperateundertheunderstandingthatthe‘betterment’oftheULVarea must be pursued primarily with the interest of thelocalresidentsinmind,andwethuslyrecognizethatwhatmaybecommonlyunderstoodas‘better’for London may not apply in the same ways to ULV;finally,itshouldbenotedthatouranalysisismultidimensionalandinformedbyaninitialstageof‘UrbanAnalysis’onissuespertainingtoaccess,socialeconomy,urbangrain,openspace,massing,and typology. Asapointofentry,thisreportwillbeginbysummarizingthefindingsoftheaforementionedUrbanAnalyses,thenmoveintoanoutliningofourvision for the ULV and its guiding principles. We will then discuss the proposed development strategies forwhatwehaveidentifiedaskeyopportunitysites,elaboratingonthisdevelopmentframeworkintermsofaccess,urbanstructure,andthepublicrealm individually. The report will close with recommendationsforthefundingandphasingoftheproposedinterventions.Whilewerecognizethatmany,ifnotmost,ofourproposedinterventionsmaynevercometofruition,itisourhope,atleast,thatthisDevelopmentBriefdoesultimatelyoffersomenewideasandafreshperspectiveontheissueof developing the Upper Lee Valley.

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2.1 PHYSICAL & SOCIO ECONOMIC

2CONTEXT

The Upper Lee Valley is located in the borough of EnfieldandintheGreaterLondonArea.Currently,there are several development proposals for various sites along the area of the Valley. One of theprojectsalreadyunderwayinMeridianWater,addresses the southern end of the site. Public use of open spaces along the valley are subject to questionsaboutaccessibility.Takingupalargepartofthearea,theirusesarealsotobequestioned.Many of these spaces invite crime due to their uninvitingenvironment.Otherspaces,whichshouldnotbeignored,aretheonesalongthecanalsandindustries.Duetothecharacteristicoftheseareas,therearesocialgapsofexclusion,creatingasenseof uncertainty and insecurity. In order to revitalize theseareas,commercialusesmustbeappliedtospecificsitestoactasacatalystforgrowthfortheUpper Lee Valley.

The Upper Lee Valley’s general socio-economic status is below London’s average. ULV’s eastern sidesuffersfromagreaterrateofinequalityanddeprivation.Furtherdevelopmentstrategiesshouldaddresstheseissuesonthespatiallevel.ThissectionwillbrieflydescribeULV’ssocio-economicsituationlinkingittothepossiblesolutionsaddressed through the whole development brief.

Whenitcomestotheeducationlevelinthearea,ahighnumberofULV’sinhabitantshavelittletonoeducationalqualifications.Fortunately,itseemsthattheyounggenerationiscatchingupwithLondon’saverage,indicatingasignificantpotentialintheup-skilling process needed for further development of ULV. What is needed for further development of this area is the up-skilling of the local labour force by: betterandmoreaccessibleeducationleadingtoanincreaseofessentialNVQsandcreatingpossibilityofemployment;thecreationofthesocialnodesthat provide accessibility to libraries and community centres is an opportunity for community knowledge- sharingandpossibilityofself-help;andfinally,ULVshouldpayattentiontoprovidingjobsforthosewho

are in a working age but have lower skills.

Becausethearea’sunemploymentrateishigh,theULV’saverageincomeisquitelow.ThecurrentULVproblemisthatevenifpeoplehavejobs,theyarelargely underpaid. Developmentstrategyshouldfirstlytrytoprovidejobsfortheexistingworkingforcethathaslittlepossibilityofup-skilling,alongwitheducationalprogramsofferingcoursesenablinglevelingoftheNVQs.Thisissue,ontheotherhand,canbetackledthroughcreationofnewcommercialactivities,likeinEnfieldIslandVillageorattheproposedGrowit!Station,thatwillprovidejobsforthelowskilled.

Whenitcomestohousing,ULVhasaproblemofovercrowdingandlowqualityhousing.However,itisstilloneofthecheapestboroughsofLondon,whichmayleadtopressureonhousingforsocialrenting(andalsobecausedemandisconstantlyincreasing).There is a growing number of privately owned propertiesand,ifonetakesintoconsiderationthelowaverageoflocalincome,thisisevenstrongerproof that social housing should be more available. Councilshouldidentifyandsecurelandfornewsocialaccommodation.

ULV is not doing well in regards to health issues either. There is a high number of sick and disabled claimantsforbenefits,andoverallchildren’shealthisratherpoor.Combined,theseproblemscanleadtoseriousconsequencesintheeconomicmarket,becauseofthedilapidationoftheworkforce.Further development strategy should pay special attentiontotheseissues,astheyseemtoaffectall the human areas considered within the ‘DevelopmentBrief’.Ifthepopulationcontinuestogrow,anemphasisshouldbeputonthehealthandeducationalservices.Throughtheproposalofsocialnodes,aswellasthenewcommercialactivities,thereisastrongsuggestionofhealthylifestylepromotionthatwouldbealong-termprojectfocusingoncultivating‘foodknowledge’andpromoting‘socialactivity’ondifferentscales.

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Headline policies that relate directly to the site include the following:

London Plan

Setstheobjectivesforthenext20years,whichare:•ToaccommodateLondon’sgrowthwithinitsboundaries without encroaching on open spaces;•TomakeLondonahealthierandbettercityforpeople to live in; •TomakeLondonamoreprosperouscitywithstrong and diverse long term economic growth; •Topromotesocialinclusionandtotackledeprivationanddiscrimination;•ToimproveLondon’saccessibility;and•TomaketheLondonanexemplaryworldcityinmitigatingandadaptingtoclimatechangeandamoreattractive,welldesignedandgreencity.

A Proposed Strategy for Community Economic Development in the Upper Lee Valley

The aim of the strategy is to “close the gap between the Upper Lee and the rest of London by tackling barriers to economic opportunity in those parts oftheareasufferingindustrialdecline,urbandeprivation,loweconomicactivityandsocialexclusionsothatnewsustainableopportunitiesareopen to all people living and working in the Upper Lee”.(ConceptualSolutionsandPracticeLtd,2002)

North East Enfield Area Action Plan Baseline Report

IdentifiesNorthEastEnfieldasanareawithinUpperLeeValley(anOpportunityAreaintheLondonPlan)withgreatpotentialforregenerationandchange.

The Enfield Plan - Strategic Growth Areas

IdentifiesthestrategicgrowthareasofMeridianWater(CentralLeeside)andPondersEnd(NorthEastEnfield)asopportunityareas,withinUpperLeeValley. It underlines that redevelopment focusing at Meridian Water will aid in improving east-west linkstotheLeeValleyRegionalPark,bygenerating1,500newjobswhichwillinturnhelptocross-fundimprovements to transport and social infrastructure. AtPondersEnd,theCouncilaspiresforalivelyandwellconnectedlocalcentrewithagoodqualityshoppingcentre,anattractiveandsafepublicrealm,newcommunityhub,andupto1,100newhomesandexcellentleisurefacilities,alsoincludingPondersEndRecreationGroundandtheLeeValleyRegional Park. The most immediate change in aim is thereplacementoflevelcrossingsattherailstationswith new bridges and/or underpasses.

Summary of Enfield’s Transport Strategy

Sets out how the Council proposes to help implement the Mayor of London’s Transport Strategy(MTS)withinEnfield.

Upper Lee Valley Landscape Strategy

The vision set out in this strategy aims to connect thevalley’sexistingassetsthroughtheprovisionof:•newfoot-andcycle-pathsacrossandalongthevalley,includingnewbridges,tofillthelargegapsinthe network;•asetofpublicrealmimprovementsforthemainroadsacrossthevalley,withstreettreesandsetback foot- and cycle-ways;•newfacilitiescomplementingexistingsportingandrecreationaloffer;•clustersofactivityalongthevalley,conceivedasmultiplefacilitiesfordifferentagegroups,supportingthevalleyasalocalandregionaldestinationforallinterestsandcapabilities.

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The Enfield Plan – Core Strategy 2010-2025

The Core Strategy seeks to maintain the competitivenessoftheUpperLeeValley,tosupportand grow sectors and businesses that are already successfulinEnfield.Italsocontainscorepoliciesfordeliveringthespatialvision,guidingpatternsof development and support improvement of landscapequalityandaccesstothecountrysideandimprovepublicaccessforthelocalcommunitiestothe Lee Valley Regional Park.

New development at Ponders End is intended to create: •upto1,000newhomesupto2026;•anattractivepublicrealmtopromotecommunitysafetyandbetterstreetenvironmentalongHertfordRoad and South Street;•goodlinkstopublictransportandleisurefacilitiestoPondersEndRecreationGround.

New development at Meridian Water is intended to comprise:•mixed-useof80%oftheareaforresidential,retail,community uses and open spaces;•20%oftheareaasrevitalizedemploymentuses;•higherdensitydevelopmentclosetoAngelRoadstationandinwaterfrontlocations;•anewspinerunningthroughthearea,connectingallpartsofMeridianWater,linkingnewandexistingcommunities,thestationandtheLeeValleyRegional Park;•improvedconnectivity,bothnorth-southandeast-west;•adequatefloodriskmanagement.

2.2 POLICY & PLANNING

2CONTEXT

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3URBAN DESIGN ANALYSIS

3.1 URBAN GRAIN

Looking at the Upper Lea Valley from an aerial perspective,wearemisledfromtheactualityofthespace. From above we are fooled to believe that therearemanyopenspacessuchasthereservoirs,thevalley,andthepark.However,onthegroundit is another story. Many of these ‘open spaces’ areinfactentirelyinaccessibleandmanyoftheuses mapped out in a standard land use map are deceiving.Initiallywemappedoutthecustomaryusessuchasresidential,commercial,andindustrial,butafterfurtheranalysiswefoundthatotheractivitiescametoariseinplacesoutofthenorm.

Atthemomentthereisalargesegregationbetweentheuses.Theresidential,thecommercial,andtheindustrial zones are clearly segregated by physical barriers. One major barrier would be the railway andMeridianway,oneofthemajorroadsintheUpper Lee Valley. Although these act as barriers they are also the strongest links to the city of London. There is a need to create stronger linkages onthewest-eastconnectionsinordertobridgethegap between the Upper Lee Valley and Industrial Strip to the main land.

This chapter summarises the main points from the Urban Analysis of the Upper Lee Valley. While the socio economic aspects have already been described inthecontentthefolowingsectionsaddressUrbanGrain,OpenSpace,MassingandDensity,AccesandBuilding Typologies

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3.2 OPEN SPACE

It is apparent by the study that there are a variety ofdifferentopenspaceswithintheUpperLeeValleycatchmentarea.However,accessibilityremainsan issue. Many spaces were lacking in variety of landscapeddesign,andsotendedtolookmoreorless the same in regards to the provision of large areaofgrass.Thereappearstobealackofcreativityin the design of these spaces.

ThelevelofdisconnectionbetweenthevariousareascontributestothelackofidentityoftheUpper Lee Valley open spaces in general. There arevastareasofindustrialestates,whichlimitthescope of unifying the Upper Lee Valley with the lowerregions.ConnectivityisanissueascertainresidentialareasseemtobeisolatedfromotherneighborhoodsnotablytheEnfieldIslandVillagewhichissurroundedbyeithercanals,railwayorroad networks on all sides.

There is a need for investment in the local parks and further work must be carried out to increase connectivitybetweenthespacesaswellasensuringthat the community of Upper Lee Valley is socially included in future plans.

Considering the great interest taken by the governmentandtheEnfieldCouncilalongwiththestrongwillingnessofthelocalpeople,thereisnodoubtthatthetransformationoftheareawillbeasmoothone.Theprimaryobjectiveshouldbe regaining the trust of the people that was lost over the years. This mistrust is a result of the lack of involvement on behalf of the government. The lattercanbeachievedbytakingsmallstepstowardsredevelopment. These small changes should facilitateunityinthecommunityandformabetterrelationshipwiththegoverningbodies.

The network between the governing bodies and the local people has to be maintained throughout the process,andevenafterit,inordertoestablishanadaptable and sustainable development program. There should also be an emphasis on the need forconnectionsintheUpperLeeValley.Oneoftheprimarychallengesfacedintheregenerationprocessistheintegrationoftheuses,suchasbringing the industrial strip and Lee Valley Park to themainlandbykeepingtheidentityoftheareaandhavingallroundlanduseintegration.

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intermsofroadsandparking.Ofanequalconcernto the way in which the road system dominates the area,andpresenceofwidestreetcanyons,isthehighproportionofspacegivenovertocarparking.

When considering the long term future for the site,thestrategicplanningcontextappearstooambitiousinitsplansforhowthebuiltenvironmentwill contribute to the socio-economic developmentoftheUpperLeeValleysite.However,itmustbestressedthatfortheretobeanoverallpositivedevelopment in the area’s built environment there needstobearecognitionoftheimportanceofimprovingthequalityofthealreadyexistingurbanresidentialbuiltenvironmentwhichisspatiallydisjointed from the sites of future development. This picture is exacerbated as although the current builtformisofarelativelylowdensity,thecurrentmassing and density of the buildings are not particularlyflexible,makingitdifficultforthemtobedensifiedorintegratedwiththenewdevelopments.

The primary focus of the redevelopment should be ontheidentityurbanrealm.Thisshouldbeachievedthroughmeasuresincludingencouragingbetteruseofdeadspace(thatarepronetocrime)andthe

3.3 MASSING & DENSITY

Massing and density in the Upper Lee Valley takes a more complex form than an area normally characterized by a low-density sprawl of 1930‘s housing and large industrial units. Throughout theanalysisitisapparentthatthispatternofdevelopmenthasresultedinagenerallypoorqualityofpublicrealmwithahighlyinefficientuseofspace.Instead of possessing a clear hierarchy of public spaces,whichdistinguishesbetweengatheringandconnectingspaces,therearealotofundefinedormisused spaces. In pedestrian thoroughfares this manifestsasspatialforms,whichdon’tdirectlyreflecttheneedsofthesurroundinghomesandbusinesses,suchasneedlesslywidepavements.

Relatedtothisundefinedinefficientuseofspacetheareaishighlydominatedbytheautomobile,both

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3.4 ACCESS

A detailed analysis of access to the Upper Lee Valley revealed an area of diverse transport availability and pathways.Intermsofpublictransport,theUpperLeeValleysuffersfromaseveredeficiencyindirectlinkagestocentralLondon,lackingtubeaccessentirely.PatternsinpublictransportsuggestthatUpperLeeValleyresidentialcommunitiescanexpectrelativelygoodconnectionstoEnfieldtownandEdmontonGreen,ratherthandirectlywithcentralLondon.However,theareaiswelllinkedtoLiverpoolStreetStationbyrailservice.Furthermore,theserailwaylinescutdirectlyacrosstheareacreatingobstacles for pedestrian and vehicular mobility.

Perhaps because the railway line divides Upper Lee Valleyintotwo,thereseemtobestrongnorth-southpassageways,namelycongestedA-roads.East-

westconnections,ontheotherhand,areseriouslylacking,whichindicatesthatthecommunitieslyingtothewestofthetraintracksmayfinditdifficultto access the much lauded Lee Valley Park area. Theparkareaitself,whichisbeingpromotedasa(potential)leisuredestinationforLondonersiswell connected to central London by a series of canalsandpedestrian/bicyclepaths,howevertheUpperLeeValleyportionoftheparkdoesrequiresignificantpublictransitaccess.

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3.5 BUILDING TYPOLOGY

Majority of the buildings within the area were identifiedasresidential,concentratedinthenorthand western sides of the area. There is a clear divisionbetweenresidentialandindustrialusesinUpperLeeValley.ResidentialBuildingscanbecategorizedasSuburban,GardenCity,UrbanTerraceand Estate types.

Analyzing the building typologies found in Upper LeeValley,landmarksaredefinedbyunfavorablebuildings,suchashigh-risesfoundinPondersEnd.Achallengewouldbecreatinglandmarksthoughnewdevelopments while trying to avoid the imposed imageoftheexistinghigh-risebuildings.Anoptionmightberegenerationofexistingbuildingsasthereare not many vacant lots available within the area. Anotherissuethatmustbetakenintoconsiderationis the community responsibility in maintaining the front yards. Low maintenance of these spaces wouldhaveanegativeimpactontheoverallimageoftheresidentialareasandaddtotheuninvitingcharacteristicsofthearea.

OpeningthepumpstationandthemillsinEnfieldLock could be a way of enhancing their role as nodes. An emphasis should also be given to the

trainstations,sincetheymaybeusedascentersforthepublic,aswellaslandmarksfororientation.AlthoughtheUpperLeeValleyhasitsownidentity,monotony seems to be a problem and a challenge. Industrial typologies do not lend themselves well to mixed use. Through the use of urban design and mixed-usenodes,theconnectionbetweeneastandwest(residentialandindustrial)couldbecomemorepermeable.

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3.6 SWOT SUMMARY

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Upper Lee Valley: Many Spaces. One place

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4.1 VISION

4VISION & URBAN DESIGN PRINCIPLES

“Upper Lee Valley is to become a network of interconnected destinations which transcend existing north-south barriers and draw on the existing identity of Upper Lee Valley as a place which is characterised by a juxtaposition of industry, green open spaces and waterscapes”

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Principle No.1

Principle No.5

Principle No.2

Principle No.3

Principle No.4

Principle No.6

Principle No.7 Principle No.8

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4VISION & URBAN DESIGN PRINCIPLES

4.2 DESIGN PRINCIPLES

No. 1Improveeast-to-westconnectionsandestablishpermeabilityacrossthefivedistinctiveribbons(waterways,industry,rail,residential,commercial).

No.2Createnewmixed-usedestinationsthatwillworkas‘socialpockets’offrequentcommercial,recreationalandeducationaluse,aswellasofferopportunitiesfor employment.

No.3These‘socialpockets’willspanoverthefiveribbonsinordertocounterbalancetheexistingverticalsegregation.Byreducingdistancesbetweendestinationsandimprovingconnectivityweaimtostimulateactivitywithinthepublicrealm.

No.4Buildontheexistingverticalaxesandstrengthenthembycreating‘productivegreencorridors’.Byintegratingthehorizontal‘socialpockets’thishybridlandscapewillfunctionasaspaceofenhancedsociability.Bycombiningproductivitywithleisure,sportswithtourism,commercialactivitieswithagriculture allotments nodes will be established. Thisdistinctivecharacterwillcreateaspecificsenseof place along the Lee River.

No.5CelebratethecharacterandidentityofUpperLeeValley’s heritage and the historic industrial sites alongthewaterwayandcapitalizeontheexistingdiversity of its areas.

No.6Work towards the rebalancing of the current vehicular and pedestrian footprint and the incorporationofanetworkoflowcarbonmodesoftransportation.

No.7Up-skilling of workforce by providing more educationalpossibilitiesandlocallyinterestinglearningfollowedbyemploymentopportunities.Notonlyattractingnewworkforce,butalsocreatingamotivationalandpracticalplatformforlocalpeople to stay and thrive in the area. Capitalizeonexistingproductivitythoughmovingtowards a greener economic base enriched with social enterprise and visitor economy.

No.8Allproposedspatialinterventionsshouldbeacatalyst for further improvement of both physical and social spectrum.

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5.1 FRAMEWORK FOR ULV

5DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

The framework translates the design principles into the physical context of the Upper Lee Valley. The approachseekstotakeaholisticviewincreatingacohesiveurbanstrategy,whichwillinturninformtheaccess,urbanstructureandpublicrealmstrategies(seemap).

Interventionsthatwillfulfiltheprinciplesincludethecreationorenhancementofsocialnodes(librariesandcommunitycentres,allotments,markets,landmarks,stations,industrialareas,greenspaces,waterways).Togetherthesocialnodeswillprovidesspacesforeducationandtraining,opportunitiesforfoodproduction,interactionwith

connectingtheLondon-Standstedcorridor

increasing permeability to the waterfront for

cyclists and pedestrians

railwaystations

railway tracks

main vehicular movement

slowed vehicular access

new bus routes

creatinglinksacrossrailwaylines

proposedactivityzones

proposed landmarks

green zones

productivelandscapesorallotments

potentialsitesforallotments

key economic sites

industrial zone

proposed commercial zone

proposedacademicfacilities

libraries

enhanced waterfronts

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wildlife&waterforphysicalactivityandmentalwell-being,opportunitiesforemploymentandarange of other public services. Thus it is important tomakethemmorelegible,improvephysicalaccessibility and to ensure all social groups can use andaccessthem.Thelocationofnodesarespreadacross the valley to knit together a fragmented landscape;toencourageeast-westmovement,reducedistances,andconnectthe5ribbons.Thiswillenhancethesenseofidentity.Signage(includingactualmaps/signsandlandmarks)atstrategiclocationswillmarkthewaytokeylocationsand social nodes and will help to create physical and mental linkages.

There will be a focus non-car based transport provisionsandasensitiverebalancingoftheUpperLee Valley’s streets for pedestrians and cyclists. Thiswillbeachievedthroughcreatingsharedandhierarchical transport spaces including fast vehicular streams and more shared spaces. Other measures includeneworimprovedGreenways,streetlightingandstreetfurniture,allofwhichimprovestreetdesignandscopeforsocialintegrationandcohesion.Roadsideclutterwillbeclearedtocreateviewsandvistas,furtherenhancingthepotentialforaunifiedphysicalandmentalspatialstrategy.

Historicelementsandexistingcharactersshouldberetained and complemented by any redevelopment. Social nodes will draw on what is already present andincludeexistingstrengths(egmarketswilldrawontheexistingallotmentculture),whilstretainingusesinproductiveareas(egBrimsdownandInnovaParkemploymentsites).Integratingthewaterscape areas to the roads and walk ways will improve access to green space and waterscapes; this link with nature can improve health and well-beingthroughprovidingpotentialforphysicalactivity,exerciseandleisureforlocalandregionalcommunities.

Sustainabilitywillbeaffirmedbyadvocatingthatwherever possible all development should meet either the Code for Sustainable Homes Level 4 or Building Research Environmental Establishment Method(BREEAM)Excellent.Buildingswillbereusedwhereverpossible,andusingrecycledmaterialsshouldbeaprimeconsiderationforanynewdevelopments.Furthermore,theconstructionofanynewbuildingsshouldbeactivelysympathetictotherelativelyhighriskoffloodingintheUpperLeeValley,forinstancethroughincorporatingpermeable paving.

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5.2 CHARACTER AREAS

The framework will build on what is already present in the Upper Lee Valley and create links to unify the character areas rather than impose a new identityuponthearea(seemap).TheEnfieldWashcharacter area has been renamed as Ordnance Road as it is the key linkage that overcomes east-west barriers. It is the largest area and brings together EnfieldHighway,EnfieldIslandVillage,EnfieldLock,andFreezyWaters.Itisalargelyresidentialarea with some spaces being more mixed use. Brimsdown is a key industrial site that provides employmentopportunitiesandasiteforpotentialjobcreationfromdiversificationofindustriesandthe development of green or low-carbon industries. PondersEndisalargelyresidentialarea.Ithasanactive,caringandlearningcommunity(EnfieldCouncil,2009s).Pickett’sLockisanimportantaccessnodethatlinksresidentialareastotheregionalparkandwaterways.Thereisalsopotentialforfurtherdevelopingsportsandleisurefacilitiesthere.Central Leeside is an industrial and employment areathatincludesMeridianWater,akeysiteforredevelopment with proposed plans including newhousing,newjobsandcommunityspacesandservices(EnfieldCouncil,2009b).TheLeeValleyRegional Park runs along the east-side of the Upper Lee Valley; the green spaces and waterscapes act as aunitingfeatureofthearea.

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5.3 KEY OPPORTUNITY SITES

Sites across the Upper Lee Valley have been identifiedassiteswithpotentialfordevelopmentorimprovement. These include catalyst developments such as the redevelopment and expansion of stationsandlibraries,roadswithpotentialforcommercialdevelopments,andsitesformixeduseddevelopments(MapX).Thefollowingsectionswillelaborateontheframework,strategiesandopportunitiesforimprovementsinaccess,urbanstructure and the public realm in the Upper Lee Valley.

Legend :

1Redevelopmentoflibrarieswithadditionalmixedusedevelopment(offices,café,community/leisurespaces)

2Redevelopmentsofstationswithadditionalmixedusedevelopment(offices,café,commerce)

3Waterfrontdevelopmentwithpotentialforhousing,commercial,leisureandofficespace

4Increasingaccesstoandqualityofgreenspaces

5Createproductivegreenspaceswithcafé/restaurant(orotherhealthylivingtypedevelopments)

6PotentialformixeduseandcommercialdevelopmentsalongHertfordRoadandOrdnanceroad

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7Potentialfordevelopmentmediumscalemixedusedevelopment(includinghousing,commerce,office,leisure)ongreenspacewhichisnearschoolsandstationandbusinesspark

8Brimsdown:potentialfordevelopmentofnewgreen or low-carbon industries and commercial developmentnearresidentialedges

9Medium scale mixed use development on a stretch onSouthStreet(whichisnearparking,astation,aschoolandotherservices)

10Creatingallotmentswithpotentialformarket/commercial developments

11Improvingpublicrealmandconnectivitywithpedestrian and cycle access and opening up views

12Pickett’sLock:potentialformixedusedevelopments(particularforsportsandleisure)

13Meridian Water: large scale mixed use redevelopmentsopotentialforhousing,commercial,andleisuredevelopmentsaswellascommunity services and spaces

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6DETAILED DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

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“Streets and their sidewalks, the main public places of a city, are its most vital organs” (Jacobs, 1961: 99)

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ACCESS

6.1 ACCESS

6.1.1Introduction

InthissectionweproposewaysinwhichthisReport’s Vision and Development Framework can be realised from the point of view of Access. Access improvements are basic to the Report’s strategicaimsofconnectingandintegratingthedisparatepartsoftheULV.Afterabriefdiscussionof the conceptual framework for our proposals inthisintroduction,thesectionwillcompriseanAccessSWOTanalysis,whichformsthebasisforanoverarchingAccessStrategy,anddetailedproposalsforparticularopportunitysiteswhereVision,Framework,Strategyandlocalconditionswillworktogether.

Inourproposals,wehavesoughttoconceiveAccessbroadly,encompassingnotonlytransportinfrastructureandpublictransport,butalsoaccessfrom the social point of view. We have considered carefullythewaysinwhichpeopleusetransport,andhowtransportinterventionsaffectpeople’slives. We also suggest that an important part of Access is the breaking down of invisible barriers. These includesocio-economicbarriers,forexample,attheAthleticsTrackatPicketsLock,whichpricesyoungpeopleout,andbarriersofperception,wherepeople do not feel any sense of ownership over communityassetssuchastheConservationsAreasatEnfieldLockandPondersEndFlourMill.

TheopportunityareasinvestigatedhereareinnowaymeanttobeanexhaustivelistoftheAccessimprovementsnecessaryintheULV.Rather,theyare intended as key sites and exemplars within an overarching strategy. Whilst it is hoped that they will stimulateincrementalbutprofoundchangeinthearea,theywillnothavethiseffectalone.

Furthermore,whilsttheStrategyandopportunityareasareproposedasAccessinitiatives,theyhavebeen devised alongside Public Realm and Urban

Structureinitiatives.Thesethreestrategyareasaremeanttobereadtogether,andtoprovideentrypointsratherthanself-sufficientactionplans.Indeed,inmanycases,suchasproposedimprovementstothetrainstationsinthearea,Access improvements are also Public Realm and Urban Structure improvements.

6.1.2Access SWOT

ThefollowingSWOTishighlightingthechallengesandopportunitiesspecifictourbanstructure.

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ACCESS

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•Diversityandvarietyoftransportnetworks including proximity to M25.•EasttoWestaccessfromEnfieldIslandVillagetoHertfordRoad.•Reclaimedriveredgeswithcleanpublic space with good accessibility to river front.•FreightQualityPartnership(FQP)exists for Brimsdown business area •TheEnfieldLockstationissuitedinequaldistancefromeachsidere-sultinginbetteraccesstothesocialpockets. •OrdnanceRoadisbusywhichin-dicates movement throughout the day. •PondersEndstationanditsfoot-bridge across Meridian Way pro-vides a link from Ponders End to the Lee Valley Park.• Longdistance routes in LeeVal-leyParkconnectingtoLondon,TheLee Valley Park and its scenic wa-terways.•EdgesandSpacesalongOrdnanceroadwhichhavebeenleftbehind.• An area of natural beauty, withunobtrusive leisure facilities suchas restaurants and a marina.•The313buscurrentlyprovidesapublic transport route to Waltham Forest,alongtheLeeValleyRoad.•Canal routesandriversidealongthe Ordnance road.•EnfieldLockstationonOrdnanceroad and the Library at the end of the road with walking path along the river edge on Island Village. •LeeValleyWalkisoneofLondon’ssix strategic walking routes.

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES

•Heavyvehicular trafficEast-westand less suitable for pedestrian crossing.• The railway dividing the East toWest movement.•Poorlymaintainedpublic spacesand edge conditions with no rec-reationalspaces.•Nodesignatedrecreationalspac-es,foryouthorelderly.Thechildrenare forced to play in the street• Industrial areas bordering LeeNavigationrestrictaccesstowater-ways and park.•Streamsfencedoffandusedasaplace to dump rubbish.•Socialcohesion is threatenedbywalledandfortifiedspace.•Lackofbusroutescuttingthroughthe site.• No bus link between al railwaystationsandlimitedtransportforagoodqualitypublicrealm.•Nopedestrianprovision inareasdespite surrounding natural land-scape.• Unproductive use of land withvery little green space along Ord-nance road.•No senseof arrival fromEnfieldlockstation.•NocyclingroutesalongOrdnanceroad with heavy vehicular move-ment. • Railway dividing the road alongEast-west.• AtWharf Road, it is particularlyunclearhowtoreachtheRiverLee,Industrial boundaries and access through them.

•TheEast-WestspineofOrdnanceRoad can became a major access routeforbetterconnectivity.•UsetheEnfieldLockstationasahub for these social pockets and improve identity of area. This sta-tion can also enhance the North-South ribbon.• Create nodes and cross cuttingroutes to enhance liveliness and restoringedgeconditionsonriver-beds.•Establishpublicgatheringspacesalongtheroad(socialpockets).Pos-sible social pockets along the green way of walk created in Ponders End Waterfront.• Establish development policy tomaintain front yard character. I.e. create community programmes to establish front lawn urban farming projects.•UpgradeAngelRoadStationandsurroundings to attract visitors tothe area and enable a more fluidtransition between spaces andtransport links.•Anew‘greenway’stretchingfromDurants Park to Wharf Park encour-aging movement throughout the area and being accessible from both the Ponders End and Waltham Forest sides of the river.•Anewbridgeforpedestriansandcyclists, connecting theNavigationpub and restaurant and its green surroundings to East Duck Lees Lane,willformpartofanewgreen-way, stretching fromDurants Parkto Wharf Park.• Picketts Lock as an official stopover on the North to South route through Upper Lea Valley and a possibledestination.•Connectingthevariousallotmentsas networks of spaces promot-ingurbanagriculture for potentialsocial enterprise and educationalprojects.

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•Lackoffundingandriskofcuts.• Unwilling residents, local busi-nessesandagenciestoparticipateininterventions.•Potentiallyconflictinginterestsofbusinesses and residents.•Largeportionofthesitecoveredby impermeable surfaces leading tohighriskforflooding.• Poor awareness of local ameni-tiesandfacilitiesleadingtolackofphysical, social and economic ac-cessibility.Litter around areas and pollution(air&noise).•Landscapecharacterizedbylargeimpermeable parking lots, poten-tially leading to decrease in com-munity cohesion and commuter workerpopulation.•May not be possible to replacelevel crossings with bridges due to land and cost issues.•IsolationofareassuchasMerid-ianWaterandEnfieldIslandVillagedue to enveloping major transport routes and waterways.• Growth may cause increase intraffic.• Traffic calmingmeasures in onelocation may cause increases intrafficinothers.

THREATS

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“London, the great capital city and the United Kingdom’s largest metropolis, has easily the worst public access to wilderness and parkland in the whole of the country” (Farrell, 2010 485)

image from Gehl, J. ‘Vision for People’

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6.1.3Access - Vision and Principles

The vision for access in the Upper Lee Valley draws upon the overall strategic aims for the area as a whole,expandinguponthegoalsofcreatingaareawithhighlevelsofpermeability,whethernorthtosouthoreasttowest,andchannellingthisthroughstrategiestoimproveconnectivity.Acentraltenetofthevisionisthecreationofgreenaccesscorridors,complemented by public realm improvements. Theconstructionofcorridorswillworkalongsidethearea’sexistingstrengthstoexpandtheirreach,whilstalsoaugmentingthesenseoflegibilityofthearea. A series of interconnected nodes building will emerge,buildingontheideaofproducingsocialandeconomicpocketsintheinitialvision.Thesewillbelinked by a network of green ribbons and the Lee watersideitself,permeatingintotheneighbouringresidentialandcommercialareas.Moreover,Theapproach centres on not only opening up many of the real and imagined boundaries that dominate the valley,butinvertingmanyoftheseboundariesintokey tools for accessibility.Opening up the Valley and revealing all it has to offeriskey,andassuchthiswillbecombinedwithtargeted strategies to improve accessibility for residents,businessesandvisitors.Thiswillbenotonlyintermsofprovidingarangeofeffectiveandefficientmeanstoreachkeydestinations,butalsobythroughenhancingequitabilitybyexpandingawarenessof,andaccessto,allthecommunity,leisureandemploymentopportunitieswhichtheUpper Lee Valley can provide.


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6.1.4Access - framework

Access framework legend:

key development sites

makingULVadestinationontheLondon-Stansted-Cambridge corridor

strenghteningandcreatinggreencorridors

enhanching the architecture and facilitiesattrainstationstobuildasenseofarrival,enablethemtoactasEast-Westcrossingpoints,and as landmarks in the mental-map of ULV

constructingcorridors:increasingthe permeability of the waterside for all transport users thoughparticularlycyclistsandpedestrians

breakingdownbarriers:creatingpedestrian links across railway lines/ Meridian way

new bus routes- i.e. ‘ULV1’ running the length of the ULV

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Thevalley’strainstationscanbetransformedfromnon-placeswhichhindertheflowofmovementtokeynodesintheareasphysicalandmentalimagination.Upgradingstationinfrastructuretocreateasense of arrival increases the sense of accessibility to people from outside the area. This strategy also creates landmarks which enables peopletobetternavigatethearea,andenhancespermeabilitybycreatingmemorableplaceswherepeoplecantransecttherailwayline.Furthermore,enhancedtrainstationsactaspropagatorstowidersocial and economic growth.

ThereisthepotentialforanewstationtobebuiltatPickettsLock,ensuringrailaccessibilityinanareawithalonggapbetweenstations.

EconomicgrowthfortheUpperLeeValleyrequiresthedevelopmentof spaces which are physically and socially accessible. For instance a new social enterprise node is imagined for a site on Nobel Road just north of Meridian Water.

Alongside any transport and economic related enhancements there needs to be a corresponding provision of community nodes to ensure thedevelopmentofaunifiedsenseofidentityoftheUpperLeeValley.Thiswillensurethatmanyofthecommunityfacilitiesneededin the area are as physically accessible to as many individuals and communitiesaspossible.CommunitynodesrangefromsmallscaleinterventionssuchasUpperLeeValleybrandednoticeboards,newplay spaces through to community centres and cafes.

Producing pockets

Accessibilityiscriticalin ensuring that any ‘social pockets’ which are created benefitthewholearea where journeys arerelativelyshortor easy to navigate .Furthermore,byrecognising that accessibility is contingentonhavingareas with a sense of place ‘pockets’ become conduits which generate a sense of accessibility in an area.

Furthermore,developing and enhancing pockets transforms the Upper LeeValleyspositioninthe London-Stansted Airport- Cambridge corridor from being a place of transit to a placeofdestination.

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Turning barriers into corridors through improving the number of non-vehicularcrossings,suchasfootbridges,acrossmanyofthekeytransport corridors such as Meridian way and the railway line. This is criticaltoimprovingthephysicalEast-WestaccessacrosstheUpperLeevalley.Itwillalsocontributetocreatingaunifiedmentalmapofthe valley.

Constructing‘greenways’orunifiednon-vehicularroutesacrossthevalley will enhance local level accessibility. These routes will be to local levelamenitiessuchasshopsandcommunityfacillitiesbutalsototheUpperLeaValley’suniqueresourcessuchasthewatersideribbonandregionalfacilitieslikePicket’sLock.Thecreationofthegreenwayswillinvolveacorrespondingimprovementinthequalityofthenaturalenvironment that they run through.

The enhanced physical corridors will be supported by a coherent networkofsignagethatwillcreateaunifiedmentalmapoftheUpperLee valley for all groups. The signage will achieve this through drawing new routes across the valley’s transport infrastructure. Through providingacoherentbrandingitwillalsohelptocreateaunifiedidentityfortheUpperLeeValley.

Utilisingwaterways.Thecanalhasthepotentialtobeputbackintocommercialuse,transportinggoodstoandfromthesuccessfulInnovaand Brimsdown Business Parks.

Developing the East-West and North South bus network to improve PTAL scores and improve intra Upper Lee Valley accessibility. . For exampletheproposed‘ULV1’runningthefromTottenhamHaletoPickets Lock along Meridian Way.

Ensuring cycling provision is developed where appropriate i.e. Lee Valley Road is a suitable site for a cycle lane.

Constructingcorridors

As the Upper Lee valleysuffersfrompoor East-West and non-vehicular connectionstheframework envisages a strand of works aroundcreatingcorridors that overcomes this situation.

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A social access strategy has many aspects including-•Institutionscommunicatetheiractivitiestoallindividualsandcommunitieswhocouldbenefitfromtheirwork.•Ensuringaccessibilityisnotlimitedtovehiculartransporti.e.Ensuring that there is appropriate public and pedestrian transport provision to various places and resources i.e. Improving the•Ensuringthatpublicrealmhastheappropriatefacillitiestoensureaccessforawiderangeofusergroupsi.e.seatingprovisionforthoseless able to walk.

Transportcorridorsneedtotakeamorepro-activestanceinmanagingthebalancebetweensharedandhierarchicaltransportationspaces.The framework cannot nor does not wish to eliminate the role of vehiculartrafficinthevalley.However,itdoeswanttoensurethatalltransportcorridorsareappropriatelyclassifiedaseitherhierarchicalspaces,whichenablefastervehicularmovement,andsharedspaceswhichfosteramoremulti-modaltransportationpattern.Atpresentthe balance is wholly skewed towards vehicular transport corridors withlittleornoprovisionofsharedspaces.Accordinglytheframeworkseekstointroducesharedspacecorridorsalongquieterroadrouteswhichrunbetweenkeylocationsinthevalley.

EnhancingEquitability

Just as important to providing new and enhanced nodes andconnectionsisthe need to ensure that accessibility isequitableforallindividuals and communitieswholive,work and play in the Upper Lee Valley.

To create ‘social pockets’ it is important to consider the diverse array of user groups that would wish to access themorwouldbenefitfrom having access to them. Accordingly social access is of equalimportanceto physical access of sites. This will increase a sense of ownership andidentityoverthe whole Upper Lee Valley.

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Ponders EndThroughthecreationofgreencorridorsandanetworkoflinkedspaces,weaimtobringoutthepotentialofPondersEnd,betterconnectingtheareatotherestoftheUpperLeeValley,aswellasimprovingaccessibilityforresidents,localbusinesses,andvisitorstoPondersEndanditsLeeNavigationwaterfront.

Pickett’sLockAnoutstandinglocalandregionalsportsandleisurenodewillemerge,focusingonthearea’sexistingstrengths,integratingthemfurther,andcreatingarealsenseofdestination,potentiallydrivenbythecreationofanewrailwaystationatthesite.

EnfieldLockandOrdnanceRoadTheareahasgreatpotentialtobecomeaplacewithasenseofcommunalownershipandstrongconnectivity,linkingnaturalandheritageenvironmentsintheeasttoEnfieldLockRailwayStationandresidentialneighborhoodsfurtherwest.Thiswillbeachievedbycreatingnewconnectivitycorridors,openingupnaturalspaces,andcreatinganodecenteredaroundtherailwaystation.

Meridian WaterCreatingapermeablenetworkofhighqualityspaceswhichareaccessibletoallusersofthearea,givingtheareaagreatersenseofidentity,aswellas linking it to other areas of the Upper Lee Valley.Newcrosscuttingrouteswillintegratethearea’sfacilitiesandamenities.

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6.1.5Access - opportunity sites

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Isolatedresidential,commercialorindustrialareastobemadepermeablethroughconnectionsto miced-use “social pockets”

Permable corridors from east to west

Routes through the reservoirs to enable East to West links 4

Consider the reservoirs as assets of the Upper Lee Valley by making them more accessible

Permability from East to West with access to the canals


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Greencorridor&spatialconnectors

Axialconnections

Improved green spaces

stationnode

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6.1.6Ordonance Road and Enfield Lock

OverviewAs also demonstrated in the Public Realm and UrbanStructuresections,thisareahasgreatpotentialforenhancement.Theareahasthreekeynodalareas:EnfieldLockTrainStation,theEnfieldLockConservationAreaandthejunctionbetweenHertfordRoadandOrdnanceRoad.Inthissectionwewillconcentrateonthefirsttwoofthese.Wehaveidentifiedseveralkeyinterventionsinthearea,consistent with the Vision and Framework of the Report.

1.West-EastConnectivityCorridorOurproposalistoimproveWest-EastConnectivityinthearea,particularlybetweenEnfieldLockTrainStationandtheConservationAreabutnotonlythere.Theproposedgreencorridors(seePublicRealmSection)willimproveoverallpermeability,particularlybetweentheConservationArea,residentialareastoitsWestandEnfieldIslandVillage to the East. They will also open up the ConservationAreaandscenicwalkingroutealongtheLeeNavigationtolocals.These measures are designed to complement proposalstoimproveEnfieldLockStationandtheLeeNavigationWalk,andopenupthePumpHouse(seenextsections).Theywillalsoworkintandemwith proposed Public Realm and Urban Structure improvements,suchasimprovingthecharacterofOrdnanceRoad(seexxx),andopeningcommercialfacilitiesinthecarparkadjacenttoTheRifles(seePublicRealm).Thisconnectivityproblemismostpressingforpedestriansandcyclists,andislesssevereforroadtransport,giventhatOrdnanceRoadprovidesalinkforcars,andthe121busrunsalongitfromEnfieldIslandVillage.ThemainconcerntoconnecttheTrainStationtotheConservationAreaSouth-Eastofitinawaythatismoredirect,andobviatingthe need to make the unpleasant crossing at the junctionofOrdnanceRoadandMollisonAvenue(a

footbridgeisalreadyinplace,butneedsrenovation)and arriving right at the heart of the most pleasant partoftheConservationArea.Therouteisalsointended to counteract the predominant N – S and E – W linearity of the access routes in the area.

2.EnfieldLockTrainStationEnfieldLockStationsharestheproblemsseenatotherstationsintheULV.Thereislittlesenseofarrival,andvisitorsareleftdisorientatedwith respect to major areas of interest. This is exacerbated through poor signage and poor legibility to the urban fabric. Weproposethatarchitecturallystrikingstationinfrastructurebebuiltatthestationsothatitcanservethesepurposes(seeimage,left).Animportantpartoftheimprovementswillalsoincludebettershelterontheplatformsandmorecomfortableandspaciouswaitingrooms,togivethestationamorewelcoming and humane feel. These improvements may be simple and need not be excessively expensive.Although in some respects it may be desirable to increasetrainfrequencyalongthelinepassingthroughthisstationandtheEasternULVfromLiverpoolStreet,sincethereareonlytwoanhouratpresent,thisisconstrainedbythelevelcrossingsforcarsatthestation.Itmaybepossibleto build a bridge or underpass for cars to remove thisconstraint,butthiswouldbeveryexpensive.Furthermore,byopeninguptheroadtocars,resultingcongestionmayundermineourproposaltomakeOrdnanceRoadmoreattractivetopedestrians(seePublicRealmsection).AnotherimportantimprovementforthestationwillaccruethroughtheULVsignageinitiative,whichwillhelp to guide visitors and locals on their journey fromthestation.KeypointsforadetailedareamapatthestationwillincludedirectionstoEnfieldIslandVillage,theConservationAreaandWalkingRouteviatheproposedpath(seeabove),directionstoHerford Road and the New Piazza and Community MonumentattheendofOrdnanceRoad(sectionxxx).Informationaboutlocalpublictransportwill


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alsobeveryimportant,andwillinformpeopleabout how to get to places in the wider region and whattheymightexpecttofindthere.Thismightinclude,forexample,takingthe121bustoTurkeyStreet,whichconnectstokeylocaldestinationslikeEnfieldTown,ortakingthetrainSouthtothenewcommunity improvements proposed at Ponders End andPickettsLock.

3. Lee Valley WalkOneofthekeyaccessroutesconnectingthisopportunity area with the rest of the ULV and withCentralLondonistheLeeValleyWalk,whichis one of London’s six strategic walking routes. Therouteisalsousedbycyclists.Inthisarea,theroutepassesalongtheLeeNavigationtotheWestofthereservoirs,throughtheConservationAreapastEnfieldLock,anduptowardstheopenspaceatRammeyMarsh.TotheSouth,itconnectstheULV with the Lower Lee Valley and the Olympic developments,andtotheThamesattheLimehouseBasin,whilstitreachesasfarasHerfordandLeagravetotheNorth.Assuch,itisakeycorridorinthe ULV.Thebasicinfrastructureofthepathisinplace,butitseemssomewhatneglectedinthisarea(andalongthelengthoftheULValso).Inthisarea,thepathneeds to be more clearly delineated along the Lea NavigationjustNorthofEnfieldLockparticularly,whereitisindistinctandscruffy.ThisisakeyscenicstretchwithviewstowardsthepicturesquecottagesofGovernmentRow.Theaccentuationofthepathwould emphasise the importance of these views. This could be achieved through the laying of new paving materials and the maintenance of a clear verge,inadditiontosignageimprovements.Also,southoftheLockandtowardstheSwanandPikePooltheprovisionofpublicamenitiessuchasbenchesandpicnicfacilitieswouldemphasisethearea as a social pocket rather than somewhere to passthrough,forlocalsandvisitorsalikethiswouldencouragelocaluseofthearea,andinturnfosterasenseofcommunityownershipandidentity.4.OpeningthePumpStationtothePublic

ThebeautifulPumpingStationonthenorthernedge of the Reservoir is currently inaccessible to thepublic.ItwasbuiltintheEdwardianBaroquestyle,openedin1913,andisnowGradeIIListed.Apartfromitsaestheticappeal,thebuildinghasanimportantindustrialheritage,sinceithousedthefirstinstalledHumphreyPumps(EnglishHeritageListingNotes1989).AlthoughtheStationisstilloperational,muchofthebuildingisnotinuse,andthreeofthefiveoriginalpumpsarestillinplace.Weproposethatthe site be opened to the public and included with thegreenspacesurroundingitintotheEnfieldLockConservationArea.Thiswouldpresentanideal opportunity to promote public awareness of theULV’sindustrialheritage,aswellasprovidingapleasantpublicspaceanddestination.


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Connectingroutes

Green corridor

EasttoWestconnection

road widening

Stationnode

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6.1.7Ponders End

AtPondersEnd,theprinciplesoftheaccessframework will be embedded further. Through the creationofgreencorridorsandanetworkoflinkedspaces,weaimtobringoutthepotentialofPondersEnd,betterconnectingtheareatotherestoftheUpperLeeValley,aswellaswideningaccesstothearea’sfacilitiesandamenitiessuchastheLeeValleyPark.AconnectionfromPondersEndtotheLeeValleyParkalreadyexists,viaPondersEndstationandits footbridge across Meridian Way – although at present,thepotentialofthisspacehasnotbeenfullydrawnout.Throughimprovedsignage,andupgradestothestationitself,incorporatingthefootbridgeintoapedestrianandcycleroute,localresidentswillbeencouragedtovisitthePark,aswellasenticingthosepassingthroughbytraintoexplorethearea.AtthejunctionofWharfRoad

andMeridianWayinparticular,itisunclearhowto access the waterside – improved signage here willbeakeypartoftheroute,replacingfeelingsofunease with a welcoming atmosphere and greater sense of legibility.AnadditionalinterventionisplannedalongtheLeeValleyRoad(A110)–bymovingthereservoirbarrierswhichcurrentlylinetheroadbackslightly,the increased space would make it possible to provideadedicatedcycleroute,offeringgreaterpossibilitiesforcycleaccesstoWalthamForest.Thenew route would complement the public transport route to Waltham Forest currently provided by the 313 bus route. Public realm improvements to the barriers would also encourage greater cycle and pedestrian access.The development of green corridors throughout the Upper Lee Valley is a key part of the strategy for the regionasawhole.AtPondersEnd,anewbridgeforpedestriansandcyclists,connectingtheNavigationpub and restaurant and its pleasant surroundings toEastDuckLeesLane,willformpartofanewgreenway. The route will stretch from Durants Park toWharfPark,encouragingmovementthroughoutthe area and being accessible from both the Ponders End and Waltham Forest sides of the river.


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Improved networks & routes

Heartfordroadconnection

EasttoWestconnection

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6.1.8Picketts Lock

PickettsLockisakeylocationintheUpperLeeValley,andcentraltotheaccessvisionfortheValley.Thisstrategyisinformedbyexistingpolicyreports(NorthLondonStrategicVision,2006)whichseektoreallydevelopPickettsLockasaleisurenodeforlocalandregionalcommunities.Theexistingfacilitiesatthesiteareoneofitsgreateststrengths,andfocusingonthesefacilitiesandimprovingaccessibilityforthelocalandwidercommunitieswillbeessentialtothegoalofcreatinganoutstandinglocal and regional sports and leisure node.Improved awareness amongst residents of the area,spreadingthewordthatamenitiessuchasthelargestindoorandoutdoorathleticscentreinLondonandtheSouthEast,a12screencinemaandrestaurants,anationallyrecognisedlongdistancewalking route and a camping site are present on theirdoorstep,willlinkwithimprovementstopublictransport,pedestrianandcycleaccess.Thesefacilitieswillbebetterintegratedwithoneanother through cohesive signage and improved visibility,achievedby,forexample,loweringhedgerows and removing barrier fences between facilities.Indoingso,acentralnodeforPickettsLockwillbecreated,givingtheareaitsownsenseofidentitywhilstalsointegratingitfurtherwithotherareas of the Upper Lee Valley. This increased sense of visibility and permeability will also be applied totheriverfrontareas,afurtherdestinationspacewhichwillbenefitfromhighqualitydesignaswellastheadditionofacommunitycafe.ThepresentaccessibilitysituationisakeyfactorinthelackofknowledgeofPickettsLockandallitcanoffer,andsoofferingarangeofquickandefficentwaysofreachingthesiteisvital.ApotentialnewrailwaystationatPickettsLockcouldactasaflagshipcatalystofdevelopment,alongsidethecreationofanewbusroute,ULV1,linkingtoMeridianWaterandTottenhamHaleinthesouthandtoEnfieldLockinthenorth.

Aswellasthisnorthtosouthconnection,eastto west access from the waterside through to residentialareaswillalsobeaugmented,viaimprovementstofootpathsandcyclefacilitiesonroutessuchasPickettsLockLane,allowingittoactasasharedspaceforallformsoftransport,as opposed to the current dominance of the car. Furthermore,thespaceattheendofthelanebytheactualPickettsLockcouldpotentiallybecomeanewcommunity node with a cafe and community space. This would provide a community resource in an area withhighnaturalandaestheticvalues.The impermeability of the railway line and Meridian Way(A1055)willbebrokendownwiththecreationofnewfootbridgesandunderpasses,allowingtheformationofagreencorridorfromeasttowest.


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Cross-cuttingroute

Public transport networks

Improved waterways and green corridors

Prposed social pockets

Sites of proposed Meridian Water development

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6.1.9Meridian Water

Effectiveimplementationoftheaccessibilityprinciples will be key to the success of the planned large scale developments at Meridian Water. Specificinterventions,focusedoncreatingapermeablenetworkofhighqualityspaceswhichareaccessiblebyallusersofthearea,willsupportthisaim.TheupgradingofAngelRoadstation,tyinginwithsimilarprojectsatotherstationsalongtheWestAngliaMainLine,e.g.PondersEnd,willhelpresidents and visitors to feel a real sense of arrival – an important part of giving the area a greater senseofidentity,aswellaslinkingittootherareasof the Upper Lee Valley. Extensions to bus routes servingtheareawillalsoassistincreatingamorefluidtransitionbetweenMeridianWater’sspacesandpublictransportlinks.Anewbusroute,theULV1,willconnecttheareatothewiderValley,linkingtoPickettsLockandEnfieldLocktothenorthandTottenhamHaletothesouth.

CrosscuttingroutesthroughMeridianWaterwillmake the area more walkable for pedestrians and ensurethatfacilitiescanbeusedandenjoyed

byall–whethercardriver,cyclistorpedestrian.These new routes will integrate together the area’s strengths,suchasthewatersidelocationandtheproposed social enterprise zone just north of Angel Roadstation,encouraginggrowthofbusinessesandjobs for local residents.

Public realm improvements to the canalside pathwayswillpromotethewaterways,andimprovedsignage,assistingpeopletoreadtheirwayintothearea,willbeafurtherwayofunifyingtheUpperLeeValley,whilstalsoallowingthepeopleofMeridian Water to enjoy their local area and make it a place in which they are proud to live and work.


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“The key to the relevance of this eco-region is that is it not about utopian new buildings but about retrofit and improving on what is already there” (Farrell, 2010 483).

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URBAN STRUCTURE

6.2 URBAN STRUCTURE

6.2.1Introduction

Urban Structure is the fundamental element of a town or a city that connects the public and privaterealmthroughamixedlandusepolicy,acombinationofnetworksofbuildings,streets,andpublic and private open spaces. This promotes integrationofcommunities,commercialviability,andenvironmentalharmony,thusincreasingthesense of the place.

We have seen throughout the Upper Lee Valley that aharmonizationoftheurbanstructureislacking.Thereisadistinctabsenceofconnectivitybetweentheindustry,greenparksandopenspaces,thecommercial,andresidentialareasthatcomprisetheessentialmakeupofitsidentity.Thereforeitisof the utmost importance that the urban structure ofUpperLeeValleyisrefiguredtoconnectitsmanyspaces and create one cohesive place.

6.2.2Urban Structure SWOT

ThefollowingSWOTishighlightingthechallengesandopportunitiesspecifictourbanstructure.

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•Existingcommercialactivityalongmain roads.•Manygreenopenspaces.•Strongindustry.•AreadrawstourismfromEuropeand other regions of the UK.• A high volume of ‘through traf-fic’.•EnfieldLockConservationareaisideally located on the North-South corridor with access to from east to west.• Conservation areas such as TheEnfieldLockandPondersEndFlourMillConservationAreasarevisuallypleasing as well as providing a his-torical backdrop.•WaterfrontareasalongtheRiverLea and Lea Navigation, and thewaterfront in Ponders End and Brimsdown are an important fea-ture in an urban area such as this.

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES

•Largedistancesbetweendestina-tionsofinterest.•Segregationofzonesanduses.•Lackofpereabilityandlegibility.• Strong division between indus-try, green spaces and waterfrontthroughexistinginfrastructure.•Lackofmixedusespace.•Lackofeast-westpermeability.Lack of signage.•Thereislittlesenseofarrival;dis-orientating.•Lowsenseofinterestinthatpeo-ple are not drawn to the area.• Along many of the main thor-oughfares such as Hertford RoadandOrdnanceRoad,andevenintheConservationAreas,thereislit-tle reason for a person to stay.• Divisions caused by the North-South transport corridors cause pockets of development that are separated from one another.

• Commercial activity at HertfordRoad and Ordinance Road can be increased by attracting more visi-tors and encouraging them to re-main.•Potentialtomakeareasmorepe-destrian friendlyby traffic slowingmeasures and improving the street furniture to encourage users to re-main.•Reducecardependency.• Enhance east – west connectiv-ity by creating destinations/socialpockets at regular intervals lesser distances between them.•Providinglandmarksaspointsofinterestandorientation.•Carparksareopenspaceswhichcanbe transformed intomulti-usespaces.• Potential to develop canal andwaterfront areas for tourism and social pockets.•Multiplegreenopenspaceswhichcan be integrated.•Promotetourismtoincreaseandsustaincommercialactivity.• Employment opportunities canbe increased.•Thecreationofbuildingsofmixedusebutcleardefinition,particularlyin nodal areas and along important roads,willmakethestreetsmorevibrantandtheareamoreinviting.Thisisbeneficialforlocalsandvisi-tors alike. •ConservationAreascanbehigh-lighted,throughintegration with other notablebuildings andspaces to create a network of sig-nificantplaces.

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•Gentrificationcanoccurthroughdevelopment.• Pedestrianisation may lead to‘deadspaces’,onlyusedatcertaintimesoftheday/week.• Complete change of identity ifchanges are not carried out in line with character of ULV.•Importanttoensureinvolvementof community along each phase of development to create a sense of ownership and attachment toplace.• If insufficient economic activ-ity occurs there is a danger of the place becoming somewhere do not fully engage with. This would be re-flectedinneglectofthebuiltenvi-ronment.•Over-developmentof thewater-front in Ponders End may alter the characteroftheareainanegativefashion.

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6.2.3Urban Structure - Vision and Principles

Vision:

Our vision for Upper Lee Valley is to increase connectivitybetweentheprivateandpublicrealm.Ourproposedinterventionsareaimedtoaddresspermeabilityandlegibilitybycreatinglandmarks and public community nodes to connect destinationsorsocialpocketsthroughaseriesofpedestriancorridors,increasingsecurityandpedestrianizationintheULVarea.

It is vital to increase mixed land-use throughout the area in order to establish a balance between residentialandcommercialactivity,therebyincreasingtheproficiencyofcommunityinvolvement.TheinterventionsaredesignedtoenhanceandreflecttheidentityoftheULVareaandconveyitsuniquecultureintoitsstructuralappearance,makingULVpublicnodesmoreappealinglocationsforpeopletointeract.

Principles:

1.Improveconnectivitybetweenpublicandprivatespaces,reducingthespatialdistancebetweensocialpockets. These spaces should be close in proximity toeachother,promotingpedestriancorridorsanddecreasing car dependency.

2.Create mixed land use areas to increase public activity,includingcommercial,industrial,andinstitutionalactivities.

3.Integratingnatureandgreenopenspaceswithintheurbanstructure;addingmorevegetationinpedestrian walkways.

4.Buildingstructuresaretoreflectthearea’sdiversecommunity cultures.

5.Createvariouslandmarksandcommunitynodes,whichcouldactasmarketplaces,auniquestructure,oranopenpark,andaddingbenchestoinvite people to remain in the area.

6.Landmarkstobeusedasreferencepoints,therebystrengtheninglegibilityandway-finding.

7.Integratingwaterwaysandcreatingpointsofinterest along the canal for leisure and commercial purposes.


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Legend for frameworkmap:

Community nodes

academic

commercial

green zones

industrial

landmarks

activityzones

railwaystation

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6.2.4Urban Structure - framework

Willenhancethesenseofidentityandsenseofmovementthroughthe area

riverfront upgrading- Integrate the waterways to roads and walkways

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•Enablesorientationandwayfinding•Createshierarchyofspaces•Emphasizeskeylocations

Create landmarks at strategiclocations

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Itwillenableasmoothandlegibletransitionbetweenthediverselanduses;thusintegratingthemintoacomprehensiveurbanfabric.

Make nodal points more legible at importantjunctionsofthe‘fiveribbons’

12

Goodvistasalignedwithbuiltformenableagoodsenseofdirectionsand also creates a favourable image in the memory.

Restructuring of roads to allow good views and vistas.

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Willenhancethequalityofurbanspaceandcreatesanoverallcharacter to the urban grain.

Introductionofstreetmarket with extended spill out space - catalyticintervention

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BothOrdnanceRoadandHertfordRoadhaveexistingcommercialactivityintheformofsmallbusinessesinplacealongthemwhichhavepotentialfor improvement.

ACommunityHubisproposedattheEnfieldLocksitewhichwillcontainahealthcentreandcommunityfacilities,creatingafocalpointatwhichlocal people can congregate and from which a sense of community can grow

AtBrimsdownstationwhichisclosetoworkplaces,parksandwaterfront,Createhighdensityhousingcommunity,carparkingbuildingandmixuse commercial area linking new water front communty with the park and low-density area.

South part of Brimsdown will turn in to mix-use commercial areas that willbringnewkindofbussinessandindustriesintothispartofenfieldand also become shopping center that located between park and residentialarea.

Inthefuture,thelanduseonthisstreetcouldbecomeamixuseareabyimplementingthecommercialuseandpublicfacilitiestoconnectthewest and east side.

Boat facility will be created for people who use the reservoir and the canal.Thiswillcreatnewactivity,providenewjobsandlinkthereservoirto the communiy.

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6.2.5Urban Structure - opportunity sites

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URBAN STRUCTURE

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URBAN STRUCTURE

6.2.6Ordonance Road & Hertford Road

TheOrdnanceRoad,HertfordRoadandEnfieldLockStationareasarechosenasspecificsitesforinterventionduetothehighpotentialforcreatingand linking social pockets with the wider Upper LeaValley.BothOrdnanceRoadandHertfordRoadhaveexistingcommercialactivity(intheformofsmallbusinesses)inplacealongthem,butalsohavepotentialforimprovementinthisrespect.TheareaalsobenefitsfromadirectlinktoEnfieldLockRailwayStation,whichmakesaccessforusersoutsideoftheimmediateareasimpleandeffectiveincreasing the sense of walkability by establishing a visual focal point that guides people throughout the length of the road.

Themaincharacteristicsoftheproposedinterventionsareasfollows:

Thephysicaldesignoftheinterventionswillreflecttheexistingcharacteroftheareasoastoensurethe residents are not made to feel alien to their surroundings,aswellasincreasetheirsenseofidentity.ThiswillmakethemfeelandproudtoberesidentsofEnfieldLock.

BywideningthepavementsonHertfordRoadandOrdnanceRoad,theuserswillbemoreinclinedtowalktotheirdestinationratherthandriveandwill be encouraged to remain and use the space by placingadditionalstreetfurnituresuchasbenches.Flora and Fauna will line the streets to improve thequalityandaestheticsoftheplacetofurtherencourage use.

Improvingthegeneralqualityofthepavements,where a simple repaving visually enhances the qualityofthestreetmakingitmoreinvitingforlocals and outsiders to use.

Increasingthepedestriantrafficwillalsoaddtothe

commercialactivityonthehighstreetswhichinturnisbeneficialtotheareaandmayleadtofurtheremploymentpossibilitiesforlocalresidents.

Thecreationofapedestrianandcyclistcorridorwill be established along Ordnance Road linking theHertfordRoadtoEnfieldlockstationandfromthestationtoEnfieldIslandVillage,establishingtheeast-westconnection,theproposedCommunityHub will act as a social pocket along this corridor furtherincreasingpermeability.ThisinterventionwillleadpeoplethroughfromtheRailwaystationeastwards into the commercial or westwards into theresidentialareas.

Market stalls will encourage residents to interact throughbuyingandsellinglocalproducecreatingasense of vibrancy on the street level at Ordinance Road.Localshops,specifictoULV,willhavetheoptionofextendingtheirbusinesshoursaspeopleremainonthestreets,whichwillallowforfuturecommercial expansion.

Theoveralldesiredeffectistoencouragelocaluserstowalkandreducedependencyoncars,thusreducing environmental degrading impacts and improvingairqualityintheULV.

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trainstationtransform to mixuse

improve street canyonlink

opportunity sitegreen arealand markcampsite

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URBAN STRUCTURE

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Inlinewithourprinciplesaddressingconnectivity,permeability,landuseandnatureaCommunityHubisproposedattheEnfieldLocksite,whichwillcontainahealthcentreandcommunityfacilities,inordertocreateaflexible,mixedusefocalpointatwhich local people can congregate and from which a sense of community may grow.

It will act as a community node and a recognisable landmarktothearea.Duetoitslocationandaspartofouroverallstrategyforcreatingapedestrian/cyclist corridor this will create linkage between the hubandtherailwaystationaswellasresidentialareas.

Thecommunityfacilitieswillincludemeetingroomsforcommunityactionandforbusinessestoholdtrainingsessionsfortheirstaff.Asmallbusinessnetwork can be established linking all the businesses in the area together and providing a more focused future for commercial growth.

6.2.7Enfield Lock Community Hub

The rooms can also be rented out for outside users who will be drawn to the area for its green surroundings and proximity to the canal side. The site is well located for a high level of convenience for railusersandpeopletravellingfromnorth,south,east and west alike along the major arteries of the UK such as the M1 and M25.

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AsasubstantiallocalcenterinNorthEastEnfield,Ponders End is in need of improvement and investmentduetoitarguablyunattractivecharacter,lowdensity,andpoorqualitybuildings,aswellasthepoorconnectiontothereservoirandthepoorland-useinthearea.Thus,wehaveconcludedthatPonders End might be improved with three main interventions:theestablishmentoflandmarksandnodes,theimprovementofcorridors,andlinkagewith future development areas.

Landmarks and NodesWehaveidentifiedPondersEndStationandalocalflourmillaspotentialpointsforlandmarkand/ornodeestablishment.Thefirstinterventionistopromotethemillasalandmarkbycreatingaboat facility at the canal and a park that situates the mill at the foreground and the reservoir in the background; in this sense the mill will act as a gateway to the reservoir and hopefully enhance theboatactivityinthecanal.Secondly,thePondersEndrailwaystationcanbetransformedthroughthepromotionofcommercialuse,therebycreatingnewjobs,andtheimprovementofthebridgeinordertoenhancetheconnectionofthebothsides.AtPickett’sLock,anotherfacilitycanbecreatedfor people who use the reservoir and the canal. By establishinganewrailstationattheintersectionofMeridianWayandPickett’sLockLane,theresidentareacouldbeconnectedwiththelocalathleticcenter,campsite,andthereservoir.Moreover,thelockwillalsocontinueasafacilityforboatusers,linking the area with the proposed Flourmill Park.CorridorsWe have determined that the street canyons of Nagas Head Road and South Road could be improved.Forexample,theencouragementforresidentstoimprovetheirownfront-yardsconditionmightofferasuitableshort-termplan.Furtherintothefuture,thisstreetcouldbecomeamixedland-useareabyimplementingcommercialusageand

6.2.8Ponders End & Picketts Lock

publicfacilitiestoconnectthewestandeastside.OnHertfordRoad,especiallyasamainstreet,itisnecessarytoimprovethepathway,buildingmoreaestheticallypleasingfacadesandplantingmoretrees,soastomakeitmorepedestrianfriendly.

Linkage with Future Development AreasBoththeaforementionedinterventionareasshouldbe liked with the three opportunity areas that EnfieldCouncilhasidentifiedfornewdevelopment.ThefirstopportunityareaisforanewcommunityhubaroundtheformerMiddlesexUniversitysite,Queenswayemploymentarea,andneighbourhoodaround Tesco. This site is to be changed in favour of sociallifeandactivitythroughincreasedshopping,civicparticipationandpotentialemploymentuses,as well as providing a choice of new homes. There willbeanintegrationofnewroutesandconnectionswiththisarea,ensuringthatthebenefitsaresharedbyallandcreatingasafe,harmoniousandattractivecentre,whichcanbeenjoyedbyall(EnfieldCouncil,2009).Thesecondonereferstoamixed-useresidentialarea. Columbia Wharf and the southern part of the Brimsdown employment area to the south of DuckLeesLaneisproposedforamixedresidentialcommunitywithcreationofrecreationusesenjoyedbyresidentsandvisitors.Atthesametime,itisaimedtoupgradeemploymentofferingsinSouthernBrimdown.(ibid.)The third opportunity area is for academic and community use. Next to Ponders End railway station,thevacantBritishGassiteonSouthStreetand Council owned land adjacent to this has been identifiedforanewAcademy,atypeofsecondarypublic school. There are also some necessary considerationsaboutindustrialuses,andassociatedtraffic,attheRedburnEstate.(ibid.)Withthenewnodesandlandmarks,thethreeareaswill be linked and create a new center—a walkable zonethatcombinesopenspace,publicfacility,commercialareaandresidentialareatogether,whileactingasagatewaytoeasternEnfiled.


URBAN STRUCTURE

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CorridorsImproving the street canyon of Nagas Head Road and South Road. Forexample,encourageresidentsto improve their own frontyards conditionasashort-termplan.Andinthefuture,thelanduseon this street could become a mixuseareabyimplmentingthe commercial use and public facilitiestoconnectthewestandeast side.OnHertfordRoad(Themaintreet),Improvingthepathway,buildingfacadeandaddingmoretrees,making it more walking friendly.




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URBAN STRUCTURE

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Landmark and nodesPromotingtheLandmarkbyreatingBoatfacilitiesatthecanaland a park that has a Mill as a foreground and reservoir as a background,whichwillactlikea gateway to the reservoir and enhancingtheboatactivityonthecanal.Transforming the Ponders endrailwaystationbyaddingcommercialuse,whichwillcreatenew jobs and improve the bridge toenhancetheconnectionofbothsides. Plckett’sLock-Createafacilityforpeople who use the reservoir and thecanal.Withanewrailstationto be established at the cross ofMeridianWayandPickett’sLockLane,theresidentareawillbeconnectedwiththeAthleticpark,campingsiteandreservoir.Moreover the Lock will provide a facilityforboatusers,linkingtoother facility at the Flour Mill park.

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Brimsdownstationisaveryvibrantareaduetoitsproximitytoplacesofwork,parksandwaterfront.In this area we propose a series of high density housingcommunitiessetamongstgreenopenlandscapestoaccommodatelocalsandpotentialnewresidents.Theresidentialareaisclosetonewbusiness zone by the waterfront that could serve the populationresidingorcommuterstothearea.

We acknowledge ULV is reliant on vehicular transportation,thereforeweproposemulti-storycarparksonsite,wherelocalresidentscanstoretheir vehicles. The car park can also serve as a visitor parking for people to use when accessing commercialstreets,allowingcommuterstotraveland visit the ULV commercial and leisure sites whilst reducingcongestionintheareaforahealthierenvironment.

6.2.9Brimsdown Insummarylinkagesbetweenthosesites,high-

densityresidentialandlow-densityleisureandsocialpockets,willbeestablishedcreatingageneralpublicwell-beingandsenseofplace,whereresidentialcommunitiesarecloselyconnectedtocommercial,publicgreenspace,andindustrialzones.


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Thenotionofintegratinggreenhouses,withintheULV,arosefromtheexistingallotments.Pickett’sLock,PondersEnd,Brimsdown,EnfieldLockandRammeyMarshpotentiallyareareaswhere greenhouses can be erected as freestanding structures,nexttoexistingallotments,orevenasreplacementstructuresforsaidallotments,inthefuture. Fromthesitesidentified,RammeyMarshisanexampleofaspecificsitethatcanbenefitthemostfromthisintervention.HeretheRammeyMarshGreenhousecanserveasamotivatorforpeopletotravelfurtherupnorthofEnfieldLockandEnfieldIsland Village.Thisandtheotherproposedlocationshavetheadvantageofbeinginterconnectedbyexistingaccesslinks,whicharepartoftheLeeValleyWalk,alongtheRiverLeeNavigation̶meaningitcanbeaccessibleonfoot,bybicycleorbyboat.Withthissaid,thegreenhousescanbeavenuewhereeveryone,includingtheelderly,disabledpeopleandespecially,studentscanlearnscientificprocedureswithplantgrowingprojectsallyearlong,aswellasbuildenvironmentalawareness.Alternatively,itcanbeusedforhydroponics,asanaviaryorbeneficialbug barn.Functioningasamagnet,itenhancestheeconomyoftheareabyattractingalargenumberofvisitorsthusgeneratingemploymentopportunitiesforthecommunitywhichcangrowandselltropical/exoticplants,previouslyimpossibletogrowinthebareallotments.


URBAN STRUCTURE

6.2.10Rammey Greenhouse

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URBAN STRUCTURE

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“It is critical to make all of London more liveable, healthier and greener, and less polluted, as this is the surest way to stop mindless expansion of the metropolis, with its resultant trashing of landscape and the creation of unsustainable commuter communities. The surest way to conserve nature, landscape, agriculture, and rural communities is to improve the quality of [sub] urban life itself —to make is lifestyle “offer” completely irresistible”( Farrell, 2010 487).

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PUBLIC REALM

6.3.2Public realm SWOT

The public realm is not merely the public space in which people of a community interact and circulate; itisthespaceinwhichcommunitiesare‘broughttogether’anditistheplatformonwhichasenseoflocalidentityisbuilt.Thedesignofthepublicrealmisnotonlyaboutcreatingattractiveplaces.Asuccessfulpublicrealmfostersasenseofplace,ofsafety,allowsforfreedomofexpressionandopensuptheopportunityforfreeandflexibleuseof public space. The vision for Upper Lee Valley foresees a coherent public realm with strong nodes thatactasattractorsofsocial,commercialandmixedactivityandsparkvitalityinthearea’spublicspaces. Currently the public realm in Upper Lee Valley is “strained” due the area’s fragmented urban fabric.Thereisanabsenceofasenseofcentre,elements of its local character remain ‘hidden’ and itsidentityasaplaceisobscured.Theillegibilityofthephysicalenvironmenthinderorientationandthepublicrealmfailsto“guide”peopleinanydirection.The absence of strong social nodes and a sense of directionalongwiththehighdependencyoncarshave resulted in limited street life within Upper Lee Valley.Bydrawingonthearea’sexistingstrengthsandinkeepingwithitscharacterasatranquilsuburb,thefollowingproposalhopestocreateauniquesenseofplace,bringvitalityintothepublicrealmandcreateawelcoming,safe,accessibleandadaptableplacethatallowsforflexibleuse.Thesuggestedinterventionsalsoaimtoaddresssocialissuesidentifiedearlierinthedevelopmentbrief,through strengthening the areas green open spaces (assitesforphysicalactivity),creatingsitescentredaroundeducationandtraining(suchaslibraries)andpromotinghealthylifestyles(bycreatingsocialnodescentredaroundthecultivationandsaleoffreshfood).

6.3 PUBLIC REALM

6.3.1Introduction

ThefollowingSWOToutlinestheopportunitiesandchallengesspecifictopublicrealm.

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PUBLIC REALM

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•Therearenumerouspublicgreenopenspaces,whicharefreetoac-cess and are located within walking distanceofresidentialareasallow-ing for easy access for the commu-nity.ThisisparticularlytrueoftheareasEnfieldIslandVillage.

• Urban agriculture acts as ameans to create social cohesion to the community.

•Alargepresenceofprivatebusi-ness, industry and leisure facili-ties generate income to the areathroughtourismandjobcreation.

• The Athletic Centre is a usefulresourceatthe local, regionalandnational levelandalsocontributestojobcreationaswellaspromotingexercise and healthy living for chil-dren and adults. These facilitiesalongwiththelocal,regionalparkspromote a healthy lifestyle andsense of well- being for the com-munity.

•UpperLeaValleyhasacanalnet-work which links directly to Central London. The pathways which run alongside the canal can be used forwalking,running,cyclingandactasa way to link the local residents to the open spaces and create a feel-ing of well-being which is of greatimportance in the hectic lives ofpeople in the Upper Lea Valley.

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES

• There is a stark disconnectionwithin the open space network cre-ating secluded and isolated areas.These open spaces take on an un-invitingcharacteristic.

• There is a lack of permeabil-itythroughouttheentirearea;itisdominatedbyroadsandbarriers,whichdiscourageresidentstowalk,and in turn results in high reliance on cars.

•TheUpperLeaValleyrequiresap-propriateandadditionalsignage.

• A further observation was thatthere is a lack of ownership in terms of maintenance of the open spaces aswellasresidentialareas.Severalareas were visibly neglected.

• There is limited provision of ac-tivities and facilities in the UpperLea Valley area, namely the localresidential parks catered only foryoung children.

•Wherefacilitiesareofgoodqual-ity they are usually pricey.

•Limitedpublictransportactsasafurther constraint to the area and theuseofitsfacilities.

•TheimageandreputationoftheUpper Lea Valley will be a deterrent intheregenerationofthearea.

•Potentialtopromoteandencour-agecommunity identityandcohe-sion.

•ThereisanopportunityinUpperLea Valley to use the available open spaces,andpotentialactivitiesandfacilities,toworktowardsamoreconnected society; as well as build-ing on the existing allotmentsschemes that promote growing yourownorganicproduce,educa-tionandskillbuildingandsocialen-terprise.

•Upper leavalleyalreadyattractstourism and people from outside of the region through its convenient location and specialized facilitiesandactivities.Thereisthepotentialto further increase the draw to the areathroughbetterdesign.

• There is potential to createa strong sense of locality. This would stimulate economic growththrough jobcreationandactivitiesfor people of all ages to enjoy.

•The2012Olympicsareabigop-portunity for the area due to its convenientlocationandcharacter-istics.

•UpperLeaValleyisverywellcon-nected in terms of its transport in-frastructure. This can be improved further withmore frequent busesand specific links to the facilities’Re-establish the Public Memory.

OPPORTUNITIES

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•Isolatedareasarepronetocrimeand should be regenerated in order to reduce these risks as well as en-courage a mixed use of the space.

• Increasing the level of tourismand outside investment in the area mayleadtoalargerdisconnectionbetween the area and the residents of the ULV.

•Ifthecostofactivitiesintheareaisnotaffordablebythecommuni-ty the out-priced locals will spend their money outside of the area on facilities that are more affordableandofabetterquality.

•There isa lackof trust fromthecommunity to the council and therefore it is essential to engagethem in the project by listening to their ideas and empowering their voices.

•Thereisthepotentialforfurthersocial and financial exclusion ofthe community if the needs and thoughts of the community are not taken in to account.

THREATS


PUBLIC REALM

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InsupportofEnfieldtakingprideinbeingoneofLondon’sgreenestboroughs,theUpperLeaValleyisenvisionedtobecomeaplaceofdistinctidentityandculturethroughuniquelyidentifiednodesofagriculturalandeconomicproduction,communityactivitiesandmixedusezonesasmeansofimprovingtheoverallqualityoflifeinthepublicrealm.

Design Principles:

1)Reconnect suburban dwellers back to landscape and wilderness,notonlyforagriculturalproduction,butalsoforcommunityidentity,activerecreationandgood mental and physical well-being.

2)HorizontalIntensification:increasingthenumberofactivitiesorprograms,occurringsimultaneouslyoratdifferenttimesoftheday;providingalternativeaccessandspacesforavarietyofactivitiesanduses.

3)Lessenthenegativeimpactthatpeoplehaveontheenvironment.Discouragemisuseorpollutingofthelandscapethroughcommunityparticipationinallotments,centresformixed-usegreenenterprise and “nodes” for local knowledge share of environmentalpractice.

4)Shifturbangrainfromlargepatchesofcoursegrainwhereextensivetraveltimeisrequiredbetweencommercial,residentialandrecreationalareastoaregionofcoursegrainwithsomefinegrainareaswithin it. Establishing a hybrid between course grainandfinegrainwouldaimtoencourage“socialpockets”ofmixed-useprogrammes,whileallowingforthepreservationoflarge-scalenaturalareas.

6.3.3Public realm Vision and Principles

5)RedefinethepublicrealminUVLbycreatingflexiblelanduse,suchasgivingthewaterwaysmixedusezonesforcommercialandresidentialactivityoridentifyingstreetsascentresforcommunitygathering and events.

DefinitionofContinuousGreenCorridors:•Acoherentlyplannedanddesignedcombinationofcontinuouslandscape,urbanagriculturalproductionandactiverecreation.

•Anetworkofplantedopenspaces,whicharespatiallycontinuous,suchaslinearparksorinterconnected open patches.

•Designedtoencourageandallowsuburbandwellerstoobserveactivitiesandprocessestraditionallyassociatedwiththecountryside,therebyre-establishingarelationshipbetweenlifeandtheprocessesrequiredtosupportit(Vilijoen,2005).

•Anenormouswalkinglandscaperunningthroughthe city or suburban territory -- a linear corridor ofrecreationandconnectivityforpedestriansandcyclists.

•Anopenspaceplantedandmanagedinawayastobeenvironmentallyandeconomicallyproductive—providingfoodproduction,pollutionabsorption,coolingeffectoftreesandincreasedbiodiversityfromwildlifecorridors(Vilijoen,2005).


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“This banded landscape becomes the generator of the building process rather than its byproduct” (Imbert 2010, 263).

InspirationOurdesigninterventionforthepublicrealmaimstoexplorehowcontinuousgreencorridorscouldbecomeaformativeelementintheplace-makingandcommunityidentityofUpperLeeValley.

Within recent years landscape has experienced increasedattentionasthecentralfocusofthepublicrealm. For the case of ULV we aim for the public realm to act as potent expression of the culture of theplace,ameanstoaddresshistoricalinequalitiesandurbanfragmentationsonthesite,andadynamicmediumtoreframerelationsbetweensuburbanlifeandperi-urbanfoodproduction.

Inspirationforourproposalcomefrom“Frenchlandscape architect Michel Desvigne [who] argues forwhatcanbetermedaprojectiveecology–oneinwhich the landscape not only performs an ecological role in terms of storm-water management and biodiversitybutmoreimportant,createsaspatialframework for future urban development” (Imbert2010).

Below, Michel Desvigne, Agricultural garden, Ile Seguin, Boulogne-sur-Seine, France

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6.3.4Public realm framework

railwaystations

railway tracks

main vehicular movement

slowed vehicular access

productivelandscapesorallotments

potentialsitesforallotments

libraries1 Ponders End Library2 Ordnance Road Library3 Bullsmoor Library4 EnfieldIslandVillagelibrary5 EnfieldHighwayLibrary6 Edmonton Green Library

key economic sites7 Innova Business Park8 Brimsdown Industrial Estate

proposedinterventions9 OrdnancePublicSquare10 EnlfieldIslandWaterfront11 Brimsdown Docks


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•Socialnodesprovidepublicservicesandserveasdestinationsthatcanstrengthenlocalidentityandsocialcohesion•Libraries:Byexpandingservicesatlibrariestheycanbecomesocialcentersthatprovidedifferentservices(includingeducationandtrainingfacilities,publicinformation,ITCresources,spacesforcommunityevents,cafés,officespaceforcommunitygroups,andhealthandeducationevents)thatcanhaveapositiveimpactonthesocio-economic factors of the region •Allotments:theseimprovethepotentialforlocalfoodproduction,socialcohesion,andhealthbenefitsfromfreshfoodandinteractionwithnature.Thereareeconomicopportunitiesfromfreshandhealthyfood markets. They represent a sustainable use of green spaces that mayotherwisebeneglected/misused;thereispotentialtoexpandallotments and community gardens to sites across the valley•Stations:renovaterailstationstoemphasizetheirimportanceasapart of the access network. Mixed use developments can encourage thetreatmentofstationsaslandmarksorsocialspacesforgathering•Mixedusedevelopmentscanincreasevibrancyandprovidejobsandservices

Social nodes/ pockets as catalyst interventions:expandservices and improve access and visibility of social nodes

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•Improvingstreetsformulti-modalusesencouragespeopletogetoutofcarsandwalkwhichincreasesvibrancyofstreetsandpotentialforpeople to engage with social nodes in their area. This can strengthen a sense of community as streets are the most important public spaces in acity(JaneJacobs,1961)•Italsoencouragesmoresustainableandlowcarbonmodesoftransport •Havingmorepeopleusethestreetsinducesnaturalsurveillancewhich can reduce crime in hot-spot areas •Improvingstreetdesign(withrebalancingandaddedlighting,streetfurnitureandsignage)createsmoreusableroutesthroughthearea,ribbonsandconnectionsthatovercomefragmentednatureofthevalley

6Rebalancing the streets: reduce the dominance of cars on roads to encourage multi-modalusageofstreets,particularlythose that connects social nodes/ pockets

•Signagecanreinforceconnectivityandemphasizelocationsofsocialnodeswhichcanaddtoasenseoflocationandconnectionstoothersurrounding areas•Signageshouldfocusonribbonroads/routestopointoutsocialnodesforlocalsandvisitors,yetshouldnotbeoverdonetotheextentthatsignageeliminatesinteractionbetweenvisitorsandlocalpeopleand services

Adding signage to main roads (particularlyalongHertfordroad,Ordnance road and at junctionsnearsocialnodes)

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•Improvingaccesstogreenspacesenhancestheuseofthesespacesand takes advantage of the land and waterscapes in the Upper LeeValley,whichcancreatedestinationsandsocialspacesthatstrengthenslocalidentitydrawingontheregionalparkasauniqueaspect of the Upper Lee Valley •Improvedaccesstowaterandparksforsportsandleisurecreatesopportunitiesforenterpriseandphysicalactivitiesthatimprovewell-being •Improvingaccesswithcross-oversforpedestrianbarrierswillincreaseconnectivityandhelpovercomementalandphysicalbarriersthat fragment the area

Improve public access to and the design/environment around green spaces and waterscapes

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•Improvephysicalaccesstokeyeconomicareas/nodestointegratecurrentstrengthsoftheUpperLeeValleyintoanyregenerationschemes

Improveconnectionsto industrial areas and business parks

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•Thiswillhelptodiversifythelocaleconomyandprovidesopportunitiesforjobcreation.EnterprisescanbesituatedwithinornearexistingeconomichubssuchasBrimsdownIndustrialPark.

Encourage green enterprise

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Ordanance Road:Unify-Socialize-Pedestrianize Creatinglinksbetweendisperateareasthroughfriendlyspaces.ThiswouldenhancetheidentityofEnfieldLockandhelprebalancethestreetsand the sidewalks are used and experienced.

Ponders End:Implement allotment projects to act as a catalyst to improve the social pockets found within the ULV. This also allows for a much more sustainable use of green space and create social cohesion and economic opportunitiesinthearea.

Satellite Markets ThesemobilemarketsactascatalystsbycreatingactivityinvariouslocationswithintheULVbyofferingaccesstoknowledgeaboutagricultural industries and providing services by selling produce grown locally.

EnfieldIslandVillageDeadSpacesareoftenfoundthroughouttheULV,especiallyinareas surrounding the water. One of our strategies is to change the environmentofthesespacesbycreatingplacesforcommercialandcommunalactivities.Throughthisinterventionnotonlywouldweaddressthismis-useofspace,butbringsafetyandlifebackintotheULV.

Brimsdown Waterfront PlazaOuraimistoformulateaplanwhichaddressestheneedforactivityon the waterfront. Not only would this improve the life around the canals,butwouldalsoencourageaformofwatertourism.ManynarrowboatsgoupanddowntheULV,whichleadsustoquestionandpushfurther the use of the water. This project promotes the water as a mixed use zone which build social cohesion within and out of the boundaries of the ULV.

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6.3.5Public realm opportunity sites

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Opportunity map


PUBLIC REALM

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OneareathathasbeenidentifiedforrejuvenationistheEnfieldLockarea.Thisareacontainsseveraldisjointedresidentialcommunities.Itisourvisiontoseethesecommunitiesunifiedthroughenhancedandstrengthenedpublicareas,inordertohelpbuildalargersenseofcommunity,whichwithstandsthephysicalbarriersofthearea’sterrain(canals,railways,majorroads,etc.).TheareareceivingthemostconcentratedinterventionwouldencompassthejunctionofHertfordRoadandOrdnanceRoad,thelengthofOrdnanceRoaditself,anditsjunctionwithEnfieldIslandVillage.AdditionalattentionshouldbepaidtotheEnfieldLockrailwaystationandtheconfluenceoftheOrdnanceRoadandEnfieldIslandVillageareaswiththeLeeValleyPark.

Thepotentialinterventioninthisareaisfoundedonseveralintersectingprinciples:unification,pedestrianization,andsocialization.Werecognizethat residents in the areas surrounding Ordnance RoadandEnfieldLockmaynotimmediatelyconsiderthemselvesresidentsofanEnfieldLockcommunity,butratherpartofthegreaterEnfieldcommunity; this is something we hope to change. Wewouldliketoenactinterventionsinthisareathat would promote a sense of unity and community pride,aswellasdistinctionfromEnfielditself.

Throughourstudyofthearea,wehaveseenthatportionsofOrdnanceRoadandHertfordRoadexhibitorhavethepotentialtodevelopHighRoad-likequalities.Unfortunately,thecreationofaHighRoad-esquecommercialandpedestrian-friendly‘center’intheEnfieldLockareaiscomplicatedbyprominenceofautomobilesinthearea;assuch,one of our core principles for this area is to make it more legible to pedestrians. In terms of the public realm,ourmaingoalfortheEnfieldLockareaistocreate spaces where neighbors can get to know one anotherandsocialize;this,wehope,willhelptofosteramorerobustcommunityidentity.

6.3.6Ordnance road


PUBLIC REALM

96Public plaza

Public library & water towerOpportunity sites

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theycouldalsoprovidepotentialpointsofcasualsocialization,aswellasvenuesformoreformalandtown-hall-stylecommunitymeetings.Inspirationforthese spaces could even be taken from projects like the Idea Store in Tower Hamlets. It is vital that such social spaces are made readily available to the area’s youthassafealternativestothestreets. Itiscriticalthatpublicspacesbecreatedintheareatofostersocialinteractionandtietheareatogether.Finally,weproposethattheOrdnanceRoadbe‘bookended’bylandmarks;thatis,tocreatedestinationpointsatbothendsoftheroadinordertokeepvisitorscirculatingalongthecorridor.TheEnfieldIslandVillagetowercouldbeonesuchbookend,whiletheunsightlyparkinglotattheotherend,whereOrdnanceRoadmeetsHertfordRoad,couldbereworkedintoasortofplaza,withundergroundparkingandalandmarkinthecenter,likeasculptureorafountain.ThereisalsounderutilizedgreenspacebetweenLeeValleyParkandEnfieldIslandVillage;thesespacescould be improved with playgrounds and possibly thecreationofartificialponds,forfishingorpaddleboating.Ofcourse,thereareexistingscenicpointsofinterestinthearea,andtheseshouldbepromotedtovisitorswithbettersignage.Withevenafewoftheseinterventions,webelievethatthepublicrealmoftheEnfieldLockcommunitywouldbe greatly improved.


PUBLIC REALM

Themanifestationoftheseprincipleswouldtaketheformofseveralstrategicinterventionsinthearea. Intermsofphysicalunity,werecommendtheestablishment of a ‘green corridor’ which would help to connect the top of Lee Valley Park with EnfieldIslandVillage,andextendfromtheretoHertfordRd,alongOrdnanceRoad.Inapracticalsense,thiscouldbeachievedsimplybyplantingmoretreesalongroadsandtheinstallationofgrassyroadmedians.TheEnfieldLockrailwaystationcould be upgraded to promote a greater sense of destination.Suchanupgradeshouldincludebettersignagetodirectvisitorstothedifferentpointsofinterest in the area. Tobetterpedestrianizethearea,wehavedrawnourinspirationfromexampleslikeNewRoadinBrighton,wheresimplechangestothefabricofthe road’s surface have completely transformed the ethos of the area. While we do not seek to completelypedestrianizethearea,wefeelthatchangesinpavementtexture,andthewideningofpedestrianwalkwaysingeneral,constitutereasonableinterventionsforthearea,whilecontinuingtoprovideanecessarythruwayforautomobiles.Topromoteapedestrianculture,designatedandalternativeparkingareasshouldbe created to divert parking from along the street. Tocreateabettersenseofsecurityatnight,morestreetlamps could be added in commerce and residentialareas.RunningparalleltoOrdnanceRoadisarareeast-westwalkingtrail,whichterminatesatLeeValleyParkandEnfieldIslandVillage.Thisvaluable trail should be upgraded and promoted withbettersignage,inordertodrawvisitorsfromtheparkintotheEnfieldLockareatopartakeinthepotentialshopping,dinningandotherleisureopportunities. Anotherimportantinterventionwouldbethecreationand/orrefurbishingofpubliclibrariesinthearea. Not only could these libraries help improve accesstoeducationalresourcesforresidents,but

98Enfield Island Village waterfront

Aerial map

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IntheUpperLeaValley,wefindmanydeadspaces,orareasthataredesolate,misusedandpronetocrime. This is especially evident while walking along thecanalintheEnfieldIslandVillage.Inthisareathere are many abandoned sites and one may feel slightly threatened by the surrounding environment.

Theislandismainlycomprisedofresidentialuses,carparksandaninsignificantlysmallcommercialcenter.Onceasmallarmsfactory,thisvillagehasbeen regenerated with the aim to become a new watersideattraction.However,whathasresultedfrom this new development is a disconnected zone of low density with very few services at its proximity.

One main site on the island that we found a serious threattotheenvironmentwasthebarredoffvacantparkinglot.Itwasfortifiedtopreventcrime,butits presence leaves a large desolate open space creatingmoregapsintheurbanfabric.

Currently,thereisaproposaltobuildanewrowofterracehomesonthesite.However,thisplanwouldonlyincreasethesenseofisolationinthearea. Instead we propose a mixed-use complex (G+2),whichincorporateshousingwithcommunalandcommercialactivities.Wesuggestopeningasmall commercial centre: including a neighborhood grocerystore,coffeeshopandpub,whichcouldplaylivemusiconcertainnights,aimingtobringlifetothe area. The establishment of this waterfront plaza wouldnotonlyattractpeoplefromtheVillage,butwould draw residents from the surrounding areas oftheUpperLeaValleyaswellasdaytimevisitorsonthewaterfront(NarrowBoaters).Thisprojectwould act as a vibrant catalyst for the rest of the ULV waterways. Not only would the proposal bring activitytothearea,butitwouldalsocreatejobsforthedwellersoftheIsland,andpromoteamorevibrantstreetlifecreatingsocialcohesionbetweenthevariouscommunitiesofUpperLeeArea.

6.3.7Enfield Island Village

ResidentialCommercial

IndustrialReligious

EducationWater

UtilitiesGreen Spaces

RoadsRailway

Map of Enfield Island Village


PUBLIC REALM

100Brimsdown Waterfront Plaza

Existing boating activity

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The waterways in the Upper Lea Valley are one of Enfield’smajorassets.Notonlydotheyconnectoneendofthevalleytotheother,butdirectlyrelatetotheriverThames,allowingfordirectpassagebywatertothelargerLondonarea.However,duetothe size of the site we found that there are many gaps or dead spaces along the way. These isolated spacesofrelativeneglectinvitecrimeanddisrupttheexperienceofcontinuityalongthewaterfront.Our aim is to formulate a plan that addresses the needforrenewedactivityonthewaterfront.Notonlywouldthisimprovethequalitylifearoundthecanals,butitwouldpotentiallyencouragewatertourism;planswhichalsoexistintheBritishWaterways.Additionally,thereisahighflowofnarrow boats that go up and down the Upper Lea Valley,leadingustofocusontheuseofthewaterasadominantrecreationalactivityinthearea.Manyof these boaters use the waterway for leisure while

6.3.8Brimsdown Waterfront Plaza

spendingtimeatweekendhomes,aspermanentmeansofconnectivityfor¬residents.The Brimsdown waterfront Plaza acts not only as a dockforboats,butalsoasaplaceofentertainmentfor the locals and visitors alike. The stairway down to the water is designed as an amphitheater that couldbeusedtostageoutdoorconcerts,theatreand public talks. There would also be spaces that could be appropriated for commercial purpose suchasrestaurants,cafesandshops.Theaimistohaveaplacefortheboatstodock,whileprovidingaccesstospecificcommercialandleisureneeds.Additionally,theboatsareallowedtoappropriatetheirownuses.Thisflexibilityonthesitewouldallowforwatermarkets,wherenarrowboatownerscouldsellkindofhandicraftsandlocalgoods.Wateractivitiessuchaskayakingandpedalboatswouldbeencouragedandofferedonthesite.Thisspatialstrategy aims to promote the water as a mixed-usezoneofrecreation,commercialismandliving,encouraging social cohesion throughout the various communitiesoftheUpperLeaValley.


PUBLIC REALM

Aerial map of Brimsdown Waterfront Plaza

102‘Grow it stations,’ allotments, Brimsdown

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Theaimoftheinterventionseekstoreframerelationsbetweensuburbanlifeandfoodproductionthrougha‘Growit!Station.’Thisdesigninterventionrelatestotheexistingallotmentsandhasthepotentialtocreatepositivechangesonbothsmall and large scales for the lives of Upper Lee Valley inhabitants.

Thefirstphaseofthisinterventionwouldtakeplacenext to the allotments on Alma Road. The proposed marketplace would be situated on the corner of Alma Road and Avondale Crescent.

Vision market: The site would host a marketplace for selling local produce,whileprovidingaplatformforhostingpubliceventsandeducationalprogrammes.Therewouldbeaparticularemphasisongreenenterpriseaiming to educate local residents on topics of peri-urbanagriculture,betterhealthhabits,compostingand recycling. The site would seek to become a placeofcommunitygathering,encouragingsocialexchangebetweenproducersandconsumers,aswell as various members of the community. The secondphaseoftheinterventionwouldestablisha‘greencorridor’ofcontinuouslandscapewouldcreateconnectivityonthesite,providingspacesfor community gathering and ‘nodes’ for local knowledge-share. The proposed ‘green corridor’ wouldrunalongthewholeoftheverticalaxisof Upper Lee Valley. This mixed-use green space wouldpromoteintergenerationallearningwhereolderportionsofthepopulationwouldhavetheopportunitytoshareknowledgetoyoungerportionsofthepopulation,throughongoingprogrammesand community workshops.

6.3.9Grow it! station & Market satellites


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Market satellites vision:The long-term vision of the ‘green corridor’ would bebasedoncreatinganewidentityforULVthatpromotesproductiverelationsbetweenagriculture,greenenterprise,activerecreation,communityparticipationandsitesforreclamationandrecycling.Importantly,thelong-termaimofthisinterventionwould seek to transform the lifestyle and value setofUpperLeeValley,encouragingahealthierrelationshipbetweenfoodproduction,suburbanlifeand the environment.

Inthesecondphaseofourinterventionwealsopropose to create ‘market satellites’ that would promotelocalfoodproductionformuchwiderportionsofthepopulationoftheUpperLeeValley.These ‘market satellites’ would establish ‘vegetable fairs’ that would spread local knowledge of the benefitsoffreshproduceandtheadvantagesoflocalfoodproduction.These‘marketsatellites’wouldbesituatedthroughoutULV,servingas‘healthyfastfood’optionsproducedbylocalresidents from the community allotments. Aesthetically,theywouldbebright,colourful,punctuationsinthelandscape,promotingasocially

Aerial map of ‘Grow it Stations,’ Brimsdown

inclusive,livelystreetlife.

Why Satellites? These ‘market satellites’ would be mobile,andnotalwaystobefoundinthesameplace,creatingasenseofdynamicmovementwithintheotherwisestaticsuburbanarea.Theadvantageof this design strategy is that various parts of the neighbourhoodwouldbemade‘active’atdifferentpointsthroughouttheday,monthoryear.The‘marketsatellites’couldalsorelatetospecificculturalcelebrations,promotingmoreinclusiverelationsbetweenthediversecommunitiesoftheUpper Lee Valley.

Proposed sites: Thepurposeofthisintervention,oraseriesofinterventionsistoenhancelivingconditionsonaspatialandsociallevel,particularlythrough:•Promotingthecurrentlyexistingallotments•Enhancingthesenseofcommunityownershipand belonging through establishing common identitybasedonlocalfoodproductionandgreenenterprise.•Communityparticipationintheallotmentscouldpotentiallydecreasecrimelevelsandpromotebetteruseofthepublicspace.•Creatingcommunalplacesforgathering,facilitated

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PUBLIC REALM

bythedesignoftheplaceandfittedaccordinglytoits needs.•Interactive/intergenerationalknowledgeshare,particularlyrelatingtoyouthengagementandlearning exchages around subjects urban agricultural productionandgreenliving.•Along-termgoal:changelifestyleandrelationsbetween people and the environment. Increase thecommunityknowledgeofthebenefitsofurbanagriculture,improvingthequalityofprogrammesaround public health like governmental programme “Food in Schools” which is a joint venture between Department of Health and Department for Skills and Education.

Throughthisphysicalintervention,manyofthechallenges that the Upper Lee Valley is currently strugglingwithwouldbeaddressed.Firstofall,itwouldincreasequalityoflife:cultivating‘foodknowledge’andencouraginglocalfoodproductionwouldpromotebetterhealthpracticeamongvariousmembersofthecommunity.Secondly,it would decrease disability living allowance: promotingapedestrian‘walkability’approach,where there would be easy access from Brimsdown RailStationandPondersEndstation,aswellasfromsurroundingresidentialareas.Growit!Station’s

long-term aim would be to decrease child obesity: introducingtheyouthpopulationtotheallotmentswouldprovideopportunitiesforlearningaboutbetterhealthpractices.Throughcommunitydrivenyouthprogrammesontopicsofnutritionandagriculturalproduction,childrenwouldlearnthebenefitsofeatingfreshlocalproduce,potentiallychanginghealthhabitsandrelationshipstofoodin the area Knowing that Upper Lee Valley needs acommonidentity,weseetheGrowit!Stationasapossibilitytocultivatethecommunalsenseofownershipandbelongingthatexistsinmarkets,promotingaknowledge-sharingnetworkinthearea.Finally,theinterventionaimstoincreasesecurity in the area/ lowering crime level: a strongercommunitypresenceinthearea,throughparticipationintheallotmentspromotessocialcohesion and a safer public realm.

This vision of the market is suppose to present its functionaladvantages:*permeability*multi-use(marketplace/gatheringspace/allotment‘school’)*cross-generation(differentage/socialgroupsbeingaddressed)

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ThereisgreatpotentialwithintheLeeValleyRegionalPark.Thegreenspaces,canalsandreservoirsservetocreateasenseoflocalidentitybyactingasagreenandblueribbonthatunitesthe area. However there are problems with the accessibilityandqualityofthesespaces:thereislimitedpublicaccess,elevationwhichblocksviews,narrowpathwaysalongtheedgesandissueswithprices(DesignforLondon,2010;EnfieldCouncil,2006).Yettheseareasalsohavethemostopportunitiesandtherearecurrentschemesandprojects that aim to improve the regional park; strategiesincludeimprovingaccessforresidentialareas,particularlyaroundPondersEndandCentral

6..10Lee Valley Regional Park


PUBLIC REALM

Leeside,andincreasingrecreationalpotentialinthepark(EnfieldCouncil,2010).Thereissomeuseof the reservoirs with the sailing clubs but there is potentialtoexpandwater-basedleisureactivities.Unusedgreenspaces,especiallyontheedgesofthepark,canbeusedforcommunitygardensandlocalfoodproduction.Benefitsofimprovinggreenspacesand waterscapes would include the strengthening oflocalidentity,re-connectingwithnature(throughchildren playing and youth and adults growing/sellinglocalfood),andcreatingaccessibleopensspacesforleisureandactiverecreationwhichhasthepotentialtoimprovethehealthandwellbeingoflocalportionsofthepopulation(DesignforLondon,2010).Forthereasonsthatwehavelistedalongwithmanyothers,theregionalparkisanassetthatshouldbeintegratedintoanyregenerationschemes.

Below, precedent; Arup rendering, Wanzhuang eco-city of agriculture, China

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“WASTE MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLING, NEW FORMS OF POWER GENERATION, WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT, AND SO ON ARE ALL A SOLID BASIS FOR TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY ECONOMIC REGENERATION” (FARRELL, 2010 483).

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7PHASING

7.1 PHASING & IMPLEMENTATION

Arulingprinciplethroughoutconsiderationofdevelopment plans for the Upper Lee Valley has beentherecognitionofprioritiesforthearea–whatsortofactivitiesorprojectscanactasacatalyst to not just change the physical appearance ofanarea,buttochangeperceptionsofthosethatuse the space.

Thephasingandimplementationplan(setoutinbriefbelow)alsobroughtintoconsiderationthechangingneedsoftheUpperLeeValley(temporaryuse/enduse),itscapabilitytorestructureasanidentifiedopportunityareaofOuterLondon,andwithin the context of London as a changing city full of opportunity.

The‘hierarchy’orprioritisationofprojectsalsoconsidersthesuccessoftheseinitialprojectsascatalystsforfurtherdevelopment,orperhapsachange of strategy or focus.

Most of the smaller scale proposals earmarked here asviableintheshortterm,areintendedtoslotintothe larger scale master plan and this incremental approachcanthereforebemoreflexibleinthelongterm.

Thetablebelowshowsasimplified‘at-a-glance’guidetothepossiblecostimplications,projectscale(inthecontextoftheUpperLeeValleyarea)andacolourcodedindicationofwhetherthisprojectordesigninterventioncouldbeimplementedalmostimmediately(shortterm/red),aspartofalong-termstrategy(blue)orsomewherein-between(medium/yellow).

ThissimplifiedsymbolsystemhasbeenappliedtotheMacro-scaleplannedinterventionsforUpperLeeValleyinrelationtotheareadesignprinciplesandarecategorised:Access,PublicRealmandUrbanStructure. These can be found in the Appendix of thisbrief,butbelowisanexampleofitsapplication:

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EnfieldCouncilhasagreatdealofpositionalstrengthconcerninglandownership,landuseanddevelopmentintheUpperLeearea,possible strengths and constraints with regard to implantationinthelongtermcouldinclude:

Strengths:•EnfieldCouncilownsasignificantportionoflandin the Borough therefore has degree of autonomy.•EnfieldCounciliswillingtoconsidertheacquisitionofnewsitesthatwillbekeytonewdevelopmentandcommunitybenefit

Constraints:•Insomeoftheindustrialestatestherearecomplexleaseagreements,thereforerelocationwouldrequiremultistakeholdercooperationandcouldbea lengthy process.

PhasingandimplementationstrategyfortheUpperLee Valley gives priority to key projects that will act ascatalyststochangetheimageandperceptionofthe Upper Lee Valley Area.

Types of development projects by time:

0 – 5 years (Short Term)Key‘perceptionchanging’interventions,supportingcommunity led change.•Clarifyingandupgradingexistingnetworks,pedestrian corridors and walkways •Softscapedevelopments.•Minorstructuraldevelopments,includingstationupgrades. •Renovationofexistingstructures

5 – 10 years (‘Medium’ Term) Extendingandconnectingcharacterareas,smallscale infrastructure links.•Connectingtheurbanfabric,e.g.possiblenewtrainstationatPickett’sLockLane.

10 – 20 years (Long Term)Largerscaleinfrastructurechanges,completingtransformed movement network within the area. •Relocationofindustryunitsatkeyopportunityareas in order to expand and strengthen the social nodes proposed in this development brief. •Majorchangestourbangrain.•Commercialevolution,e.gmarkets/shops/businessnetworksandjobcreation.•ReinforcingUpperLeeValleylinkstotherestofEnfieldBoroughandco-ordinatingwithotherstrategic projects in surrounding area e.g. new communityofMeridianWater–5,000homesby2026.

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7PHASING

7.2 COST ANALYSIS

Asmentionedpreviously,manyoftheshorttermproposals highlighted in this report are intended to beflexibleintheirexecutionandwillfitintoexistingplans,complementingthechangingpriorities(financialandsocial)oftheUpperLeeValleyareaover the next 20 years and beyond.

Many of the ready-to-implement projects such asstreetfurniture,vistacreationandespeciallycommunity-led projects such as Market Satellites wouldberelativelylowincosttorealise.Proposalssuchasincreasedawarenessandparticipationinsuch projects could actually be cost-free.

In accordance to the cost scale used in our table (exampleabove),anindicationofprojectcostcouldbe approximately:•£:£1,000+E.g.Trafficbaselineanalysisapprox.£15,000.•££:£100,000+•£££:£1,000,000+E.g.BuildingCommunityCentreapprox.£1million.

Masterplanningtooutsideconsultantscanoftencostintheregionof£150,000;butwithprojectedbudgetcutsofupto40%ofEnfieldCouncil’sbudgetoverthenext4years(duetocomeintoeffectfromApril12011)it’sexpectedthataround35mwillneed to be cut from public services in the area.

These issues have been considered in the preparationofthisbriefandhelpedformourpriority-led,incrementalapproachthatcreatesopportunitiesforlongtermgrowthandinvestmentfor the Upper Lee Valley.

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8CONCLUSION

Past regional development proposals seem to havepaidagreatdealofattentiontotheUpperLeeValleyspecificallyinrelationtowhatmanytoconsidertobeitsgreatestasset,theLeeValleyPark.ForthepurposesofthisDevelopmentBrief,wedorecognizethattheLeeRiver/canals,thereservoirs,and the surrounding green space do indeed constitutesomeofthearea’smostvaluableassets,both historically and well into the foreseeable future.

Nevertheless,wehavebeencarefulnottoallowthe Lee Valley Park overshadow the vision for the areaasawhole,andbecomethedefiningfeatureoftheULVinourminds.Therefore,whiletheLeeValleyParkareaisoftenrelatedtotheproposedinterventions,itisnotnecessarilytheprimarytarget.TheULVisinfactmuchmorethanitspark,anditsfuture—thatis,itssuccessorfailureasacommunity—rests in the hands of the people who livewithinitsborders.Itiswiththisinmind,thatwehavespecificallydesignedourproposalstoenhancethe sense of unity in the Upper Lee Valley.

If the Upper Lee Valley is meant to be anything morethanaseriesofdisjointedneighborhoods,industrialparks,andtheoccasionalpark,itmustbecomemoreunified,notonlygeographicallyspeaking,butalsointhemindsofbothitsresidentsand those living around it. The establishment and development of the belief in a greater and more integrated Upper Lee Valley community is central to thisproject,and,webelieve,vitaltothesuccessofthearea.Inotherwords,onlyoncethereisaunifiedsenseofcommunityinthearea,cantherebeanysenseofownership,anditisonlythroughcollectiveownership that the necessary level of stewardship can be achieved to maintain such a vast territory.

Itisthereforeourhopethattheinterventionsrecommended in this brief might serve to mobilize thelocalcommunitiesofULV,instillinginthemagreatersenseofcivicpride;itistheirinitiativethatwillcarrytheULV’stransformationtofruition.Indeed,itwouldundoubtedlybeamistaketoneglect the ULV’s development in the hopes that some investment or good fortune might spill over from the 2012 Olympics site; this is not enough. ThesolutionsforULVmusttakerootinaproactiveapproach,andthatstartswiththepeople,notwitha bulldozer.

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10APPENDICES

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10APPENDICES

Development Brief - Upper Lee Valley

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Transcript of Development Brief - Upper Lee Valley