Deterministic Modelling of AI-Madinah AI-Munawarah ... · Madinah Al-Munawarah region. Saudi Arabia...
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J KA U: Furth Sci.. "01 .5. pp. 89- 107 (1412 A .H .l1992 A .D .) Deterministic Modelling of AI-Madinah AI-Munawarah Groundwater Quality Using Lumped Parameter Approach ASEM Y. BOKHARI * and M.Z. ALI KHAN*" ;Faculty of Earth Sciences, and" "Civil Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz Univ ersity, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia . AHSm r\CT. Groundwater samplin g and analysis of 105 wells in the AI- Madin ah Al -M un awar ah region. Saudi Arab ia was carried out using the "lumped parameter" ap proach. Regr ession equations are de vel oped for electrical conductivity versus other io ns . Na ' + K + versus other ions. elec- trical conductiv ity ver sus distance (km) from upstream and so.vcr ratio versus di stance from upstream. The equations developed arc ea sy to use in determining the groundwater quality of upstream or downstr eam wells from a known electrical condu ctivity value at a specific well. The pre sent groundwater quality is mostly sulfates and chlorides of calcium and mag- nesium . and is suitable for domesti c usc . The analysis indicates that the ratio of 50.\'/C! decreases with the dis- tance from upstream and electrical conductivit y increases with the distance from upstre am . Th e relati onship of number of tributari es and hydr aulic gra- dient with the distance from up stream was po or. KEY WOR DS. Determini stic Modelling; Regression An alysis; Al-Madinuh Al-Mun awaruh Region Gr oundw ater Quality; Electrical Conductivity: Tributary and Hydraulic Gr adi ent Effe ct. Introduction The physical, chemical and trace elements characteri stics of water determine its use- fulness for industry, agriculture especially the potability of drinking water. The study of water chemistry gives important indications of the geologic history of the presence of hidden are deposits. Waters which are very high in dissolved solids may yield lithium, potassium, sodium chloride and other chemicals in commercial quantities. Natura l water contains impurities due to its contact with the air, soil , reservoir cir cu- lations, and wastewater from communities and treatment plants, agricultural activity and industrial waste.
Transcript of Deterministic Modelling of AI-Madinah AI-Munawarah ... · Madinah Al-Munawarah region. Saudi Arabia...
J KA U: Furth Sci . . "01.5. pp. 89- 107 (1412 A .H .l1992 A .D .)
Deterministic Modelling of AI-Madinah AI-MunawarahGroundwater Quality Using Lumped Parameter Approach
ASEM Y. BOKHARI * and M.Z. ALI KHAN*"
;Faculty of Earth Sciences, and" "Civil En gineering Dept., Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz Univ ersity, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
AHSm r\CT. Groundwater sampling and analysis of 105 wells in th e AIMadinah Al -M un awarah region . Saudi Arabia was carried out using the" lumped parameter" ap proach. Regression equatio ns are de veloped forelectrical conductivity ve rsus other ions . Na ' + K + versus other ion s . electrical conductiv ity versus distance (km) from upstream and so.vcr ratioversus distance from upstream. The eq uations developed arc ea sy to use indetermining the groundwater quality of upstream or downstream wellsfrom a kn own electrical conductivity value at a specific well . The pre sentgroundwater quality is mostly sulfates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium . and is suitable for domesti c usc .
The analysis indicates that the ratio of 50.\'/C! decreases with the distance fro m upstream and ele ctrical conductivity increases with the distancefrom upstream . Th e relationship of number of tributaries and hydraulic gra dient with the distance from upstream was poor.
KEY WOR DS. Deterministic Modelling ; Regression An alysis; Al-MadinuhAl-Munawaruh Region Groundwater Quality; ElectricalCo nductivity: Tributary and Hydraulic Gradi ent Effe ct.
Introduction
The physi cal, chemical and trace elements characteristics of water determine its usefulness for industry, agriculture especially the potability of drinking water. The studyof water chemistry gives important indications of the geologic history of the presenceof hidden are deposits. Waters which are very high in dissolved solids may yieldlithium, potassium, sodium chloride and other chemicals in commercial quantities.Natura l water contains impurities due to its contact with the air, soil , reservoir cir culations , and wastewater from communities and treatment plants, agricultural activityand industrial waste.
