Koya University

Faculty of engineering Petroleum department

Drilling engineering laboratory

(PH) Mar.31th.2015 Lab EXP. (7)

Supervised By Prepared By Mr. Pishtiwan Bakhtiar Star M. Eng. Muhamad

Submitted on: April.7th 2015

Table of Contents

Objective…………………………………………………………………………………………………………3

Theory ……………………………………………………………………………….4

Introduction of experiment …………………………………………………………..5

Procedure ……………………………………………………………………………..6-

Calculation ……………………………………………………………………………7

Discussion………………………………………………………………………….....8

Reference ……………………………………………………………………………..9

Objective

For determining a hydrogen concentration (pH) of mud.

Theory

The pH is important because it affects the solubility of the organic thinners,

contaminant removal, corrosion mitigation and the dispersion of clays

presents in the mud.

PH is a value representing the hydrogen ion concentration in liquid. We use

it to indicate acidity or alkalinity of drilling mud especially water base

mud. Let’s talk about general of the pH. The pH is presented in a numerical

value (0-14) which means an inverse measurement of hydrogen

concentration in the fluid.

The pH formula is listed below;

pH = -log10[H]

Where: H is the hydrogen ion concentration in mol.

According to the pH formula, the more hydrogen atoms present, the more

acidity of substance is but the pH valve decreases. Generally speaking, the

pH of 7 means neutral. Fluids with a pH above 7 are considered as alkaline.

On other hand, the fluids with pH below 7 are defined as acidic.

In the drilling mud, there are three main chemical components involving in

Alkalinity of drilling fluid which are bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), hydroxyl

ions (OH-), and carbonate ions (CO3-2). As you may not know about what

is the Alkalinity. The Alkalinity means ions that will reduce the acidity.

So as to get accurate measurements for the pH, you need to use a pH meter

instead of using a pH paper because it can give you more accurate figures.

However, you need to ensure that the pH meters should be calibrated

frequently. James D. Watson. (2000)

Introduction of experiment:

( PH meter )

Procedure Calibration 1-Put the electrode in distilled water.

2-Wait for the meter to stabilize, then adjust the meter until it reads

a pH of 7.00.

3-Remove the electrode from the solution and rinse it with distilled

water.

Test 1-Place the electrode in the mud which we want monitor pH.

2-Wait a moment for the meter to stabilize, then read and record the

pH of mud.

3-Remove the electrode and you can repeat the test to get more

accurate result.

Calculation

DISCUSION PH is a value representing the hydrogen ion concentration in liquid. We use

it to indicate acidity or alkalinity of drilling mud especially water base mud

Some point in this experiment we noticed, we can discuss like that:

1-pH measurements are important in petroleum , so we have to beware

about the (ph) of mud and test (ph) for a mud when we pump mud in to the

hole and returning mud

2- it’s important because it affects the solubility of the organic thinners,

contaminant removal, corrosion mitigation and the dispersion of clays

presents in the mud

3-The temperature is not standard for the test so temperature great effect on

the value of (PH).standard temperature is 25 C,but the temperature was 14.6

C.

4-We have to wait till the reading of ph meter stabilize, but we don’t wait

until the reading stabilize perfectly

5-wash the electrode with distilled water and dry, before we start the

assessment.

6-We should be stirring the mud perfectly.

References

1- AK Yetisen, H Butt, F da Cruz Vasconcellos, Y Montelongo, CAB Davidson, J Blyth, JB Carmody, S Vignolini,

U Steiner, JJ Baumberg, TD Wilkinson and CR Lowe (2013). "Light-Directed Writing of Chemically Tunable

Narrow-Band Holographic Sensors.". Advanced Optical Materials. doi:10.1002/adom.201300375

2- Travis, Anthony S.; Schröter, H.G.; Homburg, E.; Morris, P.J.T. (1998). Determinants in the evolution of the

European chemical industry : 1900-1939 : new technologies, political frameworks, markets and companies.

Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad. Publ. p. 332. ISBN 978-0-7923-4890-0. Retrieved 29 May 2015.

3- Arnold Thackray and Minor Myers, Jr. ; foreword by James D. Watson. (2000). Arnold O. Beckman : one

hundred years of excellence. Philadelphia, Pa.: Chemical Heritage Foundation

4- "Development of the Beckman pH Meter". National Historic Chemical Landmarks. American Chemical

Society. Retrieved March 25, 2013.

5- Luther, Claudia (May 19, 2004). "Arnold O. Beckman, 104". Chicago Tribune News. Retrieved 8 March 2014.

6- Jaehnig, Kenton G. "Finding Aid to the Beckman Historical Collection 1911 - 2011 (Bulk 1935 - 2004 )".

Chemical Heritage Foundation. Chemical Heritage Foundation Archives. Retrieved 30 October 2015. Click on

'Beckman Historical Collection Finding Aid' to go to full document