Determination of Two-Phase Flow Properties with SatuDict · Aim: Determine (saturation dependent)...
Transcript of Determination of Two-Phase Flow Properties with SatuDict · Aim: Determine (saturation dependent)...
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Determination of Two-Phase Flow Properties with SatuDictJürgen Becker
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Case Study
Input:
Tomogram of Palatine Sandstone (Pfälzer Buntsandstein)
Aim: Determine (saturation dependent) permeability
Steps:
Segmentation (ImportGeo)
Pore size distribution (PoroDict)
Capillary pressure curve (SatuDict)
Permeability, fully saturated (FlowDict)
Relative permeability, partially saturated (SatuDict)
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Tomogram
F. Enzmann, Inst. for Geosciences, Uni Mainz
Pfälzer Buntsandstein
resolution 0.7 µm
1024³ voxels
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Segmentation
Porosity 25.7 %
Downscaled to 512³ voxels
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Pore Size Distribution
Pore space : X
Opening of radius r :
Volume of pores with radius :
(PoroDict - Geometric Pore Size Distribution)
dark grey: light grey:
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Pore Size Distribution (Sandstone)
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Capillary Pressure / Pore Morphology Method Young – Laplace equation
(pore radius <-> cap. pressure)
=> Pore size distribution gives saturationat given cap. pressure
But: connectivity of pores ?
Pore Morphology Method: adds connectivity checks to Young-Laplace low numerical cost
non-wetting fluid
wetting fluid
r
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Drainage I
Hilpert / Miller 2001
SatuDict 2010R2
Guarantees connectivity of NWP to reservoir
Idea: move in spheres
Start: completely wet
Start: large radius (i.e. small pc)
Steps: smaller radius(higher pc)
No residual water
Non-wetting phase (air) reservoir
Wetting phase (water) reservoir
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Drainage II
Ahrenholz et al. 2008
Additionally: WP must be connected to reservoir
Residual water (orange)
Non-wetting phase (air) reservoir
Wetting phase (water) reservoir
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Drainage (Sandstone Sample)
Drained pores ( r = 8.4 µm)Drained pores ( r = 14 µm)
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Drainage - Sandstone Sample
Slice of the 3D result
Residual water: 8.6 %
black: air
red: residual water
white: matrix material
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Capillary Pressure Curve (Drainage, Sandstone) Drainage II
contact angle 0°
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Water Saturation
Cap. P
ressure [Pa]
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Imbibition I
Hilpert / Miller 2001
SatuDict 2010R2
No connectivity checks
No residual air
Start: completely dry
Start: small radius (i.e. large pc)
Steps: larger radius(smaller pc)
Distribution by pore radius (Young-Laplace)
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Imbibition IINon-wetting phase (air) reservoir
Wetting phase (water) reservoir
Ahrenholz et al. 2008
WP must be connected to reservoir
No residual air
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Imbibition IIINon-wetting phase (air) reservoir
Wetting phase (water) reservoir
Ahrenholz et al. 2008
WP must be connected to reservoir
NWP must be connected to NWP reservoir
Residual air (orange)
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Drainage & Imbibition (Sandstone)
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Drainage
Drainage (res)
Imbibition
Imbibition (res)
Water Saturation
Cap. P
ressure [Pa]
small pores are connected
large pores are not connected
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Permeability Macroscopic description (homogenized porous media model)
Darcy’s law :
u : average flow velocity : permeability tensor unknown : viscosityp : pressure
Microscopic description (pore structure model)
Stokes equation:
Boundary conditions: no-slip on surface, pressure drop can be determined from the solution!
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Permeability (Sandstone)
FlowDict Result (EJ-Stokes): 0.966 e-12 m²
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Relative Permeability
Idea:
Combine
phase distributions from pore morphology
single-phase flow
Advantage:
low computational costs
stability
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Relative Permeability (Sandstone)
Choose saturation level, choose wetting model
Use PM to find air distribution (here: yellow)
Solve Stokes equation in remaining pore space
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Relative Permeability (Sandstone)
0
2E-13
4E-13
6E-13
8E-13
1E-12
1,2E-12
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
Perm
ebili
ty [m
²]
Water Saturation
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Summary: Case Study
Input:
Tomogram of Palatine Sandstone (Pfälzer Buntsandstein)
Calculated properties:
Pore size distribution
Capillary pressure curve
Permeability
Relative permeability
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Comments
Same ideas can be used for diffusivity or conductivity
Applications:
Gas diffusion layer of fuel cells
Hygiene products
Paper dewatering felts
Thank you !