Design of Steel Tower
Transcript of Design of Steel Tower
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DESIGN OF STEEL TOWERS DESIGN OF STEEL TOWERS
Presented
By,
U. C. T. Warnakulasuriya
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Introduction
Tower configuration
Type of towers
Tower loading
Design of Steel Towers :
Analysis of tower members Design of tower members Bolt Connection
Testing of Towers Design Eample
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T!e tower types used in t!e industry are
"#$ Transmission towers
"#$ % Introduction :
$ Telecommunication and broadcasting
towers
'!y do we need transmission towers
Interconnection of scattered power generatinglocations to t!e national grid and power
distribution re(uires transmission lines#
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$ % Type of Transmission Towers :
Tower types used in t!e transmission line wor) are
Straig!t *ine Towers % *ine de+iation angle is ero
"$$ angle Towers % *ine de+iation angle +aries from
$$ to "$$ degrees
-$$ angle Towers % *ine de+iation angle +aries
from ""$ to -$$ degrees
.$$ angle Towers / *ine de+iation angle +ariesfrom -"$ to .$$ degrees
Terminal towers or dead end towers#
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-#$ % Tower Configuration
Tower configuration depends on t!e followingmain factors,
a# *engt! of insulator assembly
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-#$ % Tower Configuration
b# 0inimum clearance from conductors to t!e
tower steel
c# 0id span clearance under dynamic conductor
be!a+ior
d# 1eometric mean distance between conductors
e# Economic use of tower material
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Tower 2igures
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"#Tower !eig!t considered from ground le+el
0inimum ground clearance
0aimum sag of lowermost conductor
3eig!t and *ocation of 1round 'ires
*engt! of cross arms and !oriontal spacing
between conductors
Tower 2igures
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Tower 2igures
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-# Tower widt! at base and top widt!
Tower base widt! to !eig!t ta)en in t!e range
of to 4#$
4# Bracing pattern used in t!e tower configuration
Tower 2igures
Tower top widt! to base ta)en in t!e range of
"5- to "5-#6
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Tower Bracing Patterns
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Tower Bracing Patterns
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4#$ / Tower *oading
T!e loading applied on transmission line
towers are as follows,
a# 7ertical loads
b# Trans+erse loads
c# *ongitudinal loads
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Vertical Loads
Dead weig!t of tower structure
7ertical *oads due to conductors and ground
wire
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Vertical Loads
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Trans+erse *oads
'ind on conductors and ground wire
Trans+erse component of cable tension in case
of angle tower
'ind on tower body
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*ongitudinal *oads
8nbalance pull due to bro)en wire condition
Pull of conductors and ground wire in case of
dead/end tower#
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6#$ % Analysis of Tower 0embers
A computer software STAAD P9 is used for
t!e analysis of tower members
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.#$ % Design of Tower 0embers
T!e designing of tower members are carried out
according to ASCE "$/;< standard =American
Society of Ci+il Engineers>
Permissible Aial Stress in Tension
Permissible Aial Stress in Compression
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.#$ % Design of Tower 0embers
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.#$ % Design of Tower 0embers
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?#$ % Testing of Towers
Transmission line tower remains as one of t!e
few structures in structural engineering w!ic!
is tested full scale to destruction#
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;#$ % Design Eample
Design calculation could be carried out in t!efollowing steps,
Step $" / Collection of design information
Step $& / *oad Calculation
Step $- / Preparation of loading trees
Step $4 / Calculation of wind load on tower aftercompletion of tower geometry
/ 'ind Diagram
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;#$ % Design Eample
Step $6 / Transfer of tower geometry to computerprogram and load application
=wit! computer software>
Step $. / Analysis of tower =wit! computer software>
Step $< / 1rouping of analyse tower member
forces
Step $? / Tower member design
Step $; / Completion of final tower line diagram for
detailing