Design Factors/Site Plan
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Transcript of Design Factors/Site Plan
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Design Factors/Site Plan
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Building should be positioned to maximize desirable features and minimize negative aspects◦ Energy Orientation◦ Solar Orientation◦ Room/Outdoor Area Locations◦ Overhang and Baffle Protection◦ Land/Shelter◦ Wind Control
Orientation
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Local resources and climate have an affect on energy use – heating, cooling, and lighting◦ Native Americans building houses under the
overhang of cliffs Provided shade from the summer sun and protection
from winter wind
Energy Orientation
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Fossil fuels are finite so energy efficient principles need to be used◦ Combustion of natural materials such as
reclaimed wasted, wood or other organic materials
◦ Require special equipment to heat/cool the home
Energy Orientation
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Active solar designs – Use of mechanical/electrical tools or devices to control the sun’s energy
Passive solar designs – Use of the sun’s power without mechanical/electrical tools or devices. Use design features and orientation of a building to gain control of the sun’s energy
Solar designs
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Sunlight angle changes from summer to winter as the earth revolves around the sun◦ Northern Hemisphere: South and West sides of a
structure are warmer than the North and East sides, South being the warmest Building should absorb southern heat in the winter
and repel in the summer, also plan to provide natural sunlight
Solar Orientation
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Open floor plans and tall ceilings create cooler temperatures and increased ventilation
Closed floor plans and low ceilings typically increase temperatures
Floor plans
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The function of the room as well as the season/time of day the room will be used should be considered when the layout is determined
Typically the dining room and kitchen should get sunlight early in the morning and then the living room should have light by afternoon
Room layout
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Kitchen and dining room on the south or east side of the house
Living room areas are placed on the south or west, receive late day rays of the sun
Sleeping area tends to be located on the North side of the building, provides greatest darkness in morning/evening and is also the coolest side
Room layout
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Thought out to allow the max amount of sunlight and heat to enter the inside of a building during winter, opposite for summer
Edge of the overhang should be related to the height of the window
Overhangs/baffles(shields)
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Should be accomplishedwithoutblockingnaturallight
Baffling and Louvers
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Not all light can be blocked◦ Direct and indirect radiation through windows