Denim washing
Click here to load reader
-
Upload
harmendar-kothari -
Category
Documents
-
view
12.341 -
download
6
description
Transcript of Denim washing
![Page 1: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DENIM WASHING(A value addition process)
Submitted to- submitted by-Mr. Vasant Kothari Mr. Harmendar kothari M.F.Tech-2
![Page 2: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents
I. IntroductionII. Types of washesIII. Chemical washesIV. Mechanical washesV. Cost VI. References
![Page 3: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction
• Denim washing is know as one of the finishing treatment that has vast usage because of creating special appearance and updating clothes
• There is different methods of denim washing.
![Page 4: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Types of washes
Mechanical washes
Stone wash
Whiskering
Sand blasting
Chemical washes
Enzyme wash
Bleach wash
Acid wash spray
On the base of chemical use
![Page 5: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Types of washes
Dry wash
whiskering
Laser technology
Damage
Grinding
scrubbing
Wet wash
Stone wash
Enzyme wash
Bleach wash
PPC spray
Tinting
Acid wash
On the bases of water use
![Page 6: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A. Chemical washes-
1. Enzyme Wash(Bio Stoning)- Cellulase enzymes are natural proteins which are
used It attacks on 1,4-beta-glucoside bond of cellulose
molecule e.g. Denim ax PB/BT
![Page 7: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cellulase enzyme
Acid cellulase Neutral cellulase
optimized pH and temperature = maximum activity of the enzyme
![Page 8: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
2. Acid Wash- It is done by tumbling the garments with pumice
stones presoaked in a solution of sodium hypochlorite or potassium permanganate for localized bleaching resulting in a non uniform sharp blue/white contrast.
Results depends on:--Fabric -chemical used(conc.)-Stone(quantity) -machine used
![Page 9: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Limitations of acid wash: Tendency to be yellowish incomplete reduction gives create problem
Remedy: Manganese is effectively removed during
laundering with addition of reducing agent(sodium bisulfate,1-5gpl, 50 deg. Cent.,20mins)
-
![Page 10: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
3.Denim Bleach- To decolorize the dark shade into light shade by
destroying indigo. INDIGO --------------------------. ISATIN (oxidative bleaching agent)Chemicals- sodium hypochlorite KMnO4Hydrogen peroxide
![Page 11: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Discoloration produced is usually more apparent depending :-
On strength of the bleach liquorOn bleach liquor quantityOn temperature andOn treatment time.Drawback- Harmful to human health and causes corrosion to
stainless steel.
![Page 12: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3-E Bleaching concept for denim-
Bleaching with sulphiric acid derivatives, and recently with laccase(enzyme).
Technology in based on a Laccase(a redox enzyme using mol. Oxygen as electron acceptor) and mediator.
eg. DeniLite(enzyme + PPT)
![Page 13: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Other chemical washes-
RINSE WASH
Ozone fading
Over dye- tinting
Sun washing
Quick wash denim
Water jet fading
Vintage etc.
![Page 14: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
B. Mechanical washes-
1. Stone washing- Pumice stones give the additional effect of a faded
or worn look
• Stone wt. /fabric wt. = 0.5 to 3 /1• Dia.of stone-1-7 cm
Pumice stone
![Page 15: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Recommended Specification for Stones-
Moisture content-less than 5%Surface properties-less than 5% finesApparent Density-0.5-0.75gm/cm3Abrasion loss-35%Impurities –
when exceed 10% they increase apparent density1 gm/cm3, the stone will not float in water during process.
![Page 16: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2. Sand blasting:- Sand blasting technique is based on blasting an
abrasive material in granular, powdered or other form through a nozzle at very high speed and pressure onto specific areas of the garment surface.
product lookprocess
![Page 17: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
3.Whiskering-(Cat's Whiskers) Industrially done with laser, sandblasting, machine
sanding, hand sanding and rods.• 'knee whiskers' -whiskers on the sides of knees • ‘honeycombs' -crease marks on the back of the knee
Whiskers on skirt
honeycomb
![Page 18: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Other mechanical washes-
LASER TECHNOLOGY
SUPER STONEWASH
Scrapping
Grindings-
![Page 19: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
grinding
Laser technology
Scrubbing
Tagging on pockets
![Page 20: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Costing-WASH COST($)
Whiskering .40
scrapping .35
Tagging .15-.30
Damage .10 -.50
Sand blasting(band)
Silicosis( Levi’s and H&M)
Pocket edge & hem grinding
.10
WASH COST($)
Enzyme wash .70
Acid wash 1 $
Enzyme stone Bleach wash
.95
Tieing- 0.15
Stone wash .70
PPC spray .25
Tinting .10
Laser technology 1$
Ozone wash- 3 min-0.20 30 mins-0.60
Enzyme stone wash .85
![Page 21: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1.www.fibre2fashion.com2.Washing Report of Arvind Mills3.Denim garment washing process-ATIRA4.Denim garment processing –Express Textile(march 2003)5.Garment washing & finishing- Pearl Academy of Fashion
![Page 22: Denim washing](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022100216/54c72bb34a795960568b457a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)