Demographic Proﬁle: Braseltondocuments.atlantaregional.com/Profiles/City/Braselton_NN.pdfDecennial...

Demographic Profile:Braselton

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Contents

• Decennial 2010 Profile

• Technical Notes, Decennial Profile

• ACS 2014-18 Profile

• Technical Notes, ACS Profile

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BRASELTON Decennial 2010 Profile

Sex and Age

85 and over

80−84

75−79

70−74

65−69

20−24

55−59

60−64

15−19

50−54

45−49

25−29

40−44

10−14

5−9

Under 5

30−34

35−39

400 200 0 200 400

Males

Females

Braselton

85 and over

80−84

75−79

70−74

65−69

60−64

55−59

20−24

Under 5

10−14

30−34

25−29

5−9

50−54

15−19

40−44

35−39

45−49

400,000 200,000 0 200,000 400,000

Males

Females

Georgia

2

Decennial 2010 Profile BRASELTON

Race and Latino Origin

77%

9%

4%

8%2%

Non−Hispanic White

Non−Hispanic Black

Non−Hispanic Asian

Hispanic/Latino

Other

Braselton

56%30%

3%

9%2%

Non−Hispanic White

Non−Hispanic Black

Non−Hispanic Asian

Hispanic/Latino

Other

Georgia

3


Housing Tenure

72%

8%

10%

10%

Owner−occupied with mortgage

Owner−occupied free and clear

Renter−occupied

Vacant

Braselton

43%

15%

30%

12%

Owner−occupied with mortgage

Owner−occupied free and clear

Renter−occupied

Vacant

Georgia

4


Households by Type

72%

12%

16%

Husband−wife family

Single−headed family

Non−family

Braselton

48%

21%

31%

Husband−wife family

Single−headed family

Non−family

Georgia

5


Children by Household Type

81%

13%

5% 1%

Own parent(s), husband−wife family

Own parent, single−parent family

Other relative

Non−relative or group quarters

Braselton

57%28%

12%2%

Own parent(s), husband−wife family

Own parent, single−parent family

Other relative

Non−relative or group quarters

Georgia

6


SEX AND AGE Number PercentTotal population 7,511 100.0%

Under 5 years 694 9.2%5 to 9 years 671 8.9%10 to 14 years 595 7.9%15 to 19 years 458 6.1%20 to 24 years 297 4.0%25 to 29 years 538 7.2%30 to 34 years 647 8.6%35 to 39 years 682 9.1%40 to 44 years 583 7.8%45 to 49 years 550 7.3%50 to 54 years 456 6.1%55 to 59 years 384 5.1%60 to 64 years 405 5.4%65 to 69 years 245 3.3%70 to 74 years 129 1.7%75 to 79 years 86 1.1%80 to 84 years 60 0.8%85 years and over 31 0.4%

Median age (years) 33.8 (X)

16 years and over 5,434 72.3%18 years and over 5,241 69.8%21 years and over 5,033 67.0%62 years and over 766 10.2%65 years and over 551 7.3%

Male population 3,695 49.2%Under 5 years 357 4.8%5 to 9 years 352 4.7%10 to 14 years 293 3.9%15 to 19 years 233 3.1%20 to 24 years 147 2.0%25 to 29 years 262 3.5%30 to 34 years 307 4.1%35 to 39 years 334 4.4%40 to 44 years 282 3.8%45 to 49 years 279 3.7%50 to 54 years 211 2.8%55 to 59 years 187 2.5%60 to 64 years 198 2.6%65 to 69 years 119 1.6%70 to 74 years 67 0.9%75 to 79 years 35 0.5%80 to 84 years 17 0.2%85 years and over 15 0.2%


16 years and over 2,628 35.0%18 years and over 2,535 33.8%21 years and over 2,434 32.4%

Continued on next page...

7


SEX AND AGE (Continued) Number Percent62 years and over 355 4.7%65 years and over 253 3.4%

Female population 3,816 50.8%Under 5 years 337 4.5%5 to 9 years 319 4.2%10 to 14 years 302 4.0%15 to 19 years 225 3.0%20 to 24 years 150 2.0%25 to 29 years 276 3.7%30 to 34 years 340 4.5%35 to 39 years 348 4.6%40 to 44 years 301 4.0%45 to 49 years 271 3.6%50 to 54 years 245 3.3%55 to 59 years 197 2.6%60 to 64 years 207 2.8%65 to 69 years 126 1.7%70 to 74 years 62 0.8%75 to 79 years 51 0.7%80 to 84 years 43 0.6%85 years and over 16 0.2%


16 years and over 2,806 37.4%18 years and over 2,706 36.0%21 years and over 2,599 34.6%62 years and over 411 5.5%65 years and over 298 4.0%

RACE Number PercentTotal population 7,511 100.0%

One Race 7,361 98.0%White 6,228 82.9%Black or African American 662 8.8%American Indian and Alaska Native 27 0.4%Asian 291 3.9%

Asian Indian 47 0.6%Chinese 30 0.4%Filipino 19 0.3%Japanese 8 0.1%Korean 63 0.8%Vietnamese 47 0.6%Other Asian 77 1.0%

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0 0.0%Native Hawaiian 0 0.0%Guamanian or Chamorro 0 0.0%Samoan 0 0.0%Other Pacific Islander 0 0.0%

Some Other Race 153 2.0%Two or More Races 150 2.0%

White; American Indian and Alaska Native 16 0.2%White; Asian 36 0.5%White; Black or African American 34 0.5%White; Some Other Race 19 0.3%


8


RACE (Continued) Number PercentRace alone or in combination with one or more other races:White 6,347 84.5%Black or African American 736 9.8%American Indian and Alaska Native 64 0.9%Asian 346 4.6%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 6 0.1%Some Other Race 184 2.4%

HISPANIC OR LATINO Number PercentTotal population 7,511 100.0%

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 619 8.2%Mexican 194 2.6%Puerto Rican 117 1.6%Cuban 37 0.5%Other Hispanic or Latino 271 3.6%

Not Hispanic or Latino 6,892 91.8%

HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE Number PercentTotal population 7,511 100.0%

Hispanic or Latino 619 8.2%White alone 410 5.5%Black or African American alone 13 0.2%American Indian and Alaska Native alone 14 0.2%Asian alone 11 0.1%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 0 0.0%Some Other Race alone 139 1.9%Two or More Races 32 0.4%

Not Hispanic or Latino 6,892 91.8%White alone 5,818 77.5%Black or African American alone 649 8.6%American Indian and Alaska Native alone 13 0.2%Asian alone 280 3.7%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 0 0.0%Some Other Race alone 14 0.2%Two or More Races 118 1.6%

RELATIONSHIP Number PercentTotal population 7,511 100.0%

In households 7,511 100.0%Householder 2,556 34.0%Spouse 1,835 24.4%Child 2,556 34.0%

Own child under 18 years 2,142 28.5%Other relatives 358 4.8%

Under 18 years 109 1.5%65 years and over 74 1.0%

Nonrelatives 206 2.7%Under 18 years 19 0.3%65 years and over 4 0.1%

Unmarried partner 109 1.5%

In group quarters 0 0.0%Institutionalized population 0 0.0%

Male 0 0.0%Female 0 0.0%

Noninstitutionalized population 0 0.0%Continued on next page...

9


RELATIONSHIP (Continued) Number PercentMale 0 0.0%Female 0 0.0%

HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE Number PercentTotal households 2,556 100.0%

Family households (families) 2,135 83.5%With own children under 18 years 1,154 45.1%

Husband-wife family 1,835 71.8%With own children under 18 years 963 37.7%

Male householder, no wife present 85 3.3%With own children under 18 years 48 1.9%

Female householder, no husband present 215 8.4%With own children under 18 years 143 5.6%

Nonfamily households 421 16.5%Householder living alone 337 13.2%

Male 137 5.4%65 years and over 20 0.8%

Female 200 7.8%65 years and over 76 3.0%

Households with individuals under 18 years 1,216 47.6%Households with individuals 65 years and over 396 15.5%

Average household size 2.94 (X)Average family size 3.22 (X)

HOUSING OCCUPANCY Number PercentTotal housing units 2,833 100.0%

Occupied housing units 2,556 90.2%Vacant housing units 277 9.8%

For rent 24 0.8%Rented, not occupied 3 0.1%For sale only 129 4.6%Sold, not occupied 19 0.7%For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use 21 0.7%All other vacants 81 2.9%

Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) 5.3 (X)Rental vacancy rate (percent) 7.7 (X)

HOUSING TENURE Number PercentOccupied housing units 2,556 100.0%

Owner-occupied housing units 2,271 88.8%Population in owner-occupied housing units 6,664 (X)Average household size of owner-occupied units 2.93 (X)

Renter-occupied housing units 285 11.2%Population in renter-occupied housing units 847 (X)Average household size of renter-occupied units 2.97 (X)

Notes:∞ Data could not be computed (see Technical Notes).

Report prepared by Emory University’s Policy Analysis Laboratory andTerra Cognita Consulting, LLC in cooperation with Neighborhood Nexus.

10

Technical Notes, Decennial Profile

This report features demographic profiles based on the Census Bureaus 2010 Census of Populationand Housing. These profiles follow precisely the order, format, and content of the DP-1 profiles availablevia the Census Bureaus American Fact Finder online system.

Why is there so much less data in this report than in the 2000 De mographic Profiles?

The short answer is that the 2010 Census form asked only 10 questions, and that many items of interest(e.g. income, educational attainment, employment status, rents paid) no longer appear on the question-naire.

A longer answer involves a bit of history to understand recent changes in how the Census Bureaucollects data. First, it is worth noting that the decennial census is a constitutional requirement– Article I,Section 2 requires an enumeration of inhabitants once every 10 years to determine apportionment of theHouse of Representatives. But the only constitutional requirement is the count itself; the government haslong seen fit to gather other data about the nation as an add-on to this process. Indeed, from 1940 until2000, the Census Bureau actually conducted a census (counting of the entire population) simultaneouslywith a survey (measuring a sample of the population) simultaneously: most households received a ”shortform” with basic questions (e.g. age, sex, race), while a ”long form” with everything contained on the ”shortform” plus many other topics (e.g. educational attainment, occupation, income) was administered to asample of households (varied by year and other factors, but roughly 1 in 7 households).

Because the decennial census takes place only once every ten years, it provides a single ”snapshot”of the country. But policymakers wanted to have more timely data, so the Census Bureau moved to anew ”continuous measurement” model followed by the American Community Survey (ACS), which had itsnationwide launch in 2005. The ACS is a nationwide survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau ona continuous, rolling basis. It is intended to replace the ”long form” that has been a component of thedecennial census for the last several decades.

So will the most recent ACS fill in for the missing 2010 data?

Though the ACS is intended to replace the decennial long form, it is not a direct substitute. The twodiffer in many important ways, but we will focus on a few key points.

First, as mentioned above, the ”continuous measurement” model means that the ACS is not a snapshotfor any particular point in time. So while the decennial census measured where people lived on Census Day(historically April 1st of years ending in 0), the ACS looks at where people live on the day they are surveyed.For example, ACS income measures look at the 12-month period preceding the survey date, while thedecennial looked at the previous calendar year. Second, the ACS sample is much smaller than that of thedecennial census: roughly 2.5% each year. Even pooling the data over a 5-year period yields a combinedsample of only about 12.5%, considerably smaller than the roughly 16.7% sampled in the decennial census;the implications of this smaller sample on the margin of error for estimates is discussed below. Third, thepooling across years required to yield a decent-sized sample for smaller areas creates complications forinterpretation. Whereas the decennial census allowed one to say, ”on April 1, 2000, X% of the populationin region Y was unemployed,” we must now say ”over the course of the period 2005-2009, on average X%of the population in region Y was unemployed.”

When faced with a period of rapid change such as the onset of the ”Great Recession,” having a pooledestimate over a 5-year period is much less helpful than having a firm snapshot at a single point in time. Sowhile the ACS has been of great help to policymakers interested in the effects of the Great Recession on

large geographies such as states, counties, and major cities (areas for which 1-year or 3-year estimatesare available), it has created new challenges for people interested in small cities and neighborhoods withinlarger cities.

To learn more about the ACS, how to use it, and how it differs from the decennial census, please referto the Census Bureau’s publication A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community SurveyData: What General Data Users Need to Know.

How do you estimate medians, and why cannot they be estimated all of the time?

The median is that value that marks the 50% line in a population: 50% of the population is above themedian and 50% is below. With individual level data, one can simply sort the data and find the middlevalue (if the number of items is odd) or take the average of the two middlemost values (if the number ofitems is even). However, the Census Bureau reports grouped data, e.g. how many households fall into aparticular income range. Estimating medians from grouped data involves finding the range that contains themiddlemost value, then estimating the point within that range that the middlemost value would occupy. Themedian cannot be estimated if it falls within a range lacking a minimum or maximum value.

Why do you note that some figures are based on tract-level data ?

The Census Bureau reports most of the data used in this report at the census block level, a very granularlevel of geography. However, some data are reported only for census tracts, which are generally muchlarger. Because the geographic areas in this report are built from blocks, data reported only for tracts mustbe re-estimated to the block level. We do this by assigning tract-level data to blocks based on the proportionof the tract population residing within each block comprising that tract.

Why do you note that certain fields in this report may differ sl ightly from DP-1 totals?

A very small number of data fields were reported differently in the SF1 release (where block-level dataare made available) and in the DP-1 release (data released no lower than the tract. For example, thequestion of whether Chinese and Taiwanese are the same nationality was handled differently in the tworeleases. Though minor, these differences are flagged in our reports.

BRASELTON ACS 2014-18 Profile

Percent without a High School Diploma or GED

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt

Braselton Barrow County Gwinnett County Hall County Jackson County Northeast Georgia Georgia

Percent with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Note: Bars represent the margin of error around each estimated value.

2

ACS 2014-18 Profile BRASELTON

Percent Foreign-Born

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Percent Speaking a Language other than English at Home

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



3


Percent Owner-Occupied

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Median Value of Owner-Occupied Housing Units

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

Dol

lars



4


Homeowner Vacancy Rate

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rat

e


Rental Vacancy Rate

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rat

e



5


Percent of Homeowners for whom Selected Monthly Owner Costs Exceed 30% of Income

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Percent of Housing Units Built Since 2000

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



6


Percent of Persons Living outside Home County 1 Year Earlier

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent


Median Household Income

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

160,000

Dol

lars



7


Percent Civilian Unemployed

0

20

40

60

80

100P

erce

nt


Percent in Poverty

0

20

40

60

80

100

Per

cent



8


Selected Social Characteristics

HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal households 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

Family households (families) 2,708 ±208 81.0% ±2.4With own children of the householder under 18 years 1,470 ±219 44.0% ±5.8

Married-couple family 2,348 ±223 70.3% ±4.5With own children of the householder under 18 years 1,239 ±184 37.1% ±4.8

Male householder, no wife present, family 67 ±61 2.0% ±1.8With own children of the householder under 18 years 51 ±52 1.5% ±1.6

Female householder, no husband present, family 293 ±119 8.8% ±3.5With own children of the householder under 18 years 180 ±106 5.4% ±3.1

Nonfamily households 634 ±216 19.0% ±6.3Householder living alone 533 ±177 15.9% ±5.265 years and over 203 ±122 6.1% ±3.6

Households with one or more people under 18 years 1,513 ±177 45.3% ±4.2Households with one or more people 65 years and over 808 ±162 24.2% ±4.5

Average household size 3.14 ±0.24 (X) (X)Average family size 3.46 ±0.33 (X) (X)

RELATIONSHIP Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation in households 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

Householder 3,342 ±300 31.8% ±2.7Spouse 2,313 ±231 22.0% ±2.1Child 3,727 ±376 35.5% ±3.4Other relatives 625 ±222 5.9% ±2.1Nonrelatives 502 ±326 4.8% ±3.1

Unmarried partner 101 ±79 1.0% ±0.8

MARITAL STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorMales 15 years and over 3,717 ±272 3,717 (X)

Never married 953 ±231 25.6% ±5.9Now married, except separated 2,528 ±237 68.0% ±4.0Separated 57 ±63 1.5% ±1.7Widowed 42 ±50 1.1% ±1.3Divorced 137 ±83 3.7% ±2.2

Females 15 years and over 4,303 ±368 4,303 (X)Never married 872 ±275 20.3% ±6.2Now married, except separated 2,524 ±252 58.7% ±3.0Separated 43 ±46 1.0% ±1.1Widowed 396 ±220 9.2% ±5.1Divorced 468 ±156 10.9% ±3.5

FERTILITY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorNumber of women 15 to 50 years old who had a birthin the past 12 months

155 ±87 155 (X)

Unmarried women (widowed, divorced, and never married) 0 ±21 0.0% ±13.5Per 1,000 unmarried women 0 ±22 (X) (X)

Per 1,000 women 15 to 50 years old 61 ±34 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 15 to 19 years old 0 ±93 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 20 to 34 years old 97 ±85 (X) (X)Per 1,000 women 35 to 50 years old 54 ±57 (X) (X)

9


GRANDPARENTS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorNumber of grandparents living with own grandchil-dren under 18 years

236 ±150 236 (X)

Grandparents responsible for grandchildren 54 ±47 22.9% ±13.6Years responsible for grandchildren

Less than 1 year 12 ±28 5.1% ±11.61 or 2 years 9 ±15 3.8% ±5.93 or 4 years 0 ±21 0.0% ±8.95 or more years 33 ±37 14.0% ±12.9

Number of grandparents responsible for own grand-children under 18 years

54 ±47 54 (X)

Who are female 45 ±41 83.3% ±22.5Who are married 37 ±38 68.5% ±37.4

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 3 years and over enrolled in school 3,046 ±392 3,046 (X)

Nursery school, preschool 257 ±114 8.4% ±3.6Kindergarten 152 ±85 5.0% ±2.7Elementary school (grades 1-8) 1,446 ±255 47.5% ±5.7High school (grades 9-12) 615 ±259 20.2% ±8.1College or graduate school 576 ±229 18.9% ±7.1

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 25 years and over 6,840 ±403 6,840 (X)

Less than 9th grade 214 ±117 3.1% ±1.79th to 12th grade, no diploma 356 ±121 5.2% ±1.7High school graduate (includes equivalency) 1,396 ±287 20.4% ±4.0Some college, no degree 1,210 ±237 17.7% ±3.3Associate’s degree 487 ±151 7.1% ±2.2Bachelor’s degree 1,925 ±272 28.1% ±3.6Graduate or professional degree 1,252 ±246 18.3% ±3.4

Percent high school graduate or higher 91.7% ±5.8 (X) (X)Percent bachelor’s degree or higher 46.4% ±4.6 (X) (X)

VETERAN STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian population 18 years and over 7,624 ±398 7,624 (X)

Civilian veterans 739 ±202 9.7% ±2.6

DISABILITY STATUS OF THE CIVILIAN NON-INSTITUTIONALIZED POPULATION

Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of Error

Total Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population 10,498 ±339 10,498 (X)With a disability 1,075 ±271 10.2% ±2.6

Under 18 years 2,874 ±366 2,874 (X)With a disability 102 ±78 3.5% ±2.7

18 to 64 years 6,306 ±440 6,306 (X)With a disability 511 ±187 8.1% ±2.9

65 years and over 1,318 ±258 1,318 (X)With a disability 462 ±179 35.1% ±11.7

10


RESIDENCE 1 YEAR AGO Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 1 year and over 10,365 ±358 10,365 (X)

Same house 9,463 ±464 91.3% ±3.2Different house in the U.S. 888 ±352 8.6% ±3.4

Same county 228 ±228 2.2% ±2.2Different county 660 ±268 6.4% ±2.6Same state 513 ±240 4.9% ±2.3Different state 147 ±119 1.4% ±1.1

Abroad 14 ±23 0.1% ±0.2

PLACE OF BIRTH Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

Native 9,452 ±364 89.9% ±1.9Born in United States 9,308 ±688 88.6% ±5.9State of residence 4,941 ±527 47.0% ±4.8Different state 4,367 ±443 41.6% ±4.0

Born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or born abroad toAmerican parent(s)

144 ±118 1.4% ±1.1

Foreign born 1,057 ±341 10.1% ±3.2

U.S. CITIZENSHIP STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorForeign-born population 1,057 ±341 1,057 (X)

Naturalized U.S. citizen 495 ±203 46.8% ±11.9Not a U.S. citizen 562 ±251 53.2% ±16.4

YEAR OF ENTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation born outside the United States 1,201 ±372 1,201 (X)

Native 144 ±119 144 (X)Entered 2010 or later 0 ±21 0.0% ±14.6Entered before 2010 144 ±117 100.0% ±116.0

Foreign born 1,057 ±341 1,057 (X)Entered 2010 or later 228 ±213 21.6% ±18.9Entered before 2010 829 ±227 78.4% ±33.2

WORLD REGION OF BIRTH OF FOREIGN BORN Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorForeign-born population, excluding population bornat sea

1,057 ±341 1,057 (X)

Europe 210 ±103 19.9% ±7.3Asia 409 ±227 38.7% ±17.5Africa 141 ±158 13.3% ±14.3Oceania 0 ±21 0.0% ±2.0Latin America 224 ±121 21.2% ±9.2Northern America 73 ±56 6.9% ±4.8

LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 5 years and over 9,728 ±405 9,728 (X)

English only 8,142 ±579 83.7% ±4.8Language other than English 1,586 ±412 16.3% ±4.2

Speak English less than ’very well’ 425 ±205 4.4% ±2.1Spanish 566 ±222 5.8% ±2.3Speak English less than ’very well’ 128 ±89 1.3% ±0.9

Other Indo-European languages 643 ±260 6.6% ±2.7Speak English less than ’very well’ 200 ±149 2.1% ±1.5

Asian and Pacific Islander languages 319 ±218 3.3% ±2.2Speak English less than ’very well’ 97 ±88 1.0% ±0.9

Other languages 58 ±76 0.6% ±0.8Speak English less than ’very well’ 0 ±63 0.0% ±0.6

11


ANCESTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

American 973 ±423 9.3% ±4.0Arab 67 ±108 0.6% ±1.0Czech 41 ±42 0.4% ±0.4Danish 7 ±9 0.1% ±0.1Dutch 90 ±70 0.9% ±0.7English 1,267 ±377 12.1% ±3.6French (except Basque) 657 ±438 6.3% ±4.2French Canadian 6 ±10 0.1% ±0.1German 1,377 ±371 13.1% ±3.5Greek 13 ±22 0.1% ±0.2Hungarian 123 ±163 1.2% ±1.6Irish 1,266 ±459 12.0% ±4.4Italian 507 ±223 4.8% ±2.1Lithuanian 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Norwegian 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Polish 214 ±141 2.0% ±1.3Portuguese 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Russian 8 ±12 0.1% ±0.1Scotch-Irish 320 ±116 3.0% ±1.1Scottish 595 ±240 5.7% ±2.3Slovak 121 ±162 1.2% ±1.5Subsaharan African 160 ±176 1.5% ±1.7Swedish 23 ±29 0.2% ±0.3Swiss 35 ±40 0.3% ±0.4Ukranian 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Welsh 18 ±23 0.2% ±0.2West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups) 195 ±213 1.9% ±2.0

COMPUTERS AND INTERNET USE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal Households 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

With a computer 3,230 ±234 96.6% ±1.6With a broadband Internet subscription 3,088 ±234 92.4% ±2.5

12


Selected Economic Characteristics

EMPLOYMENT STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorPopulation 16 years and over 7,881 ±389 7,881 (X)

In labor force 5,047 ±466 64.0% ±5.0Civilian labor force 5,036 ±466 63.9% ±5.0Employed 4,958 ±463 62.9% ±5.0Unemployed 78 ±113 1.0% ±1.4

Armed Forces 11 ±90 0.1% ±1.1Not in labor force 2,834 ±416 36.0% ±5.0

Civilian labor force 5,036 ±466 5,036 (X)Unemployment Rate 1.5% ±2.2 (X) (X)

Females 16 years and over 4,225 ±350 4,225 (X)In labor force 2,357 ±326 55.8% ±6.2

Civilian labor force 2,357 ±326 55.8% ±6.2Employed 2,294 ±321 54.3% ±6.1

own children of the householder under 6 years 919 ±232 919 (X)All parents in family in labor force 672 ±203 73.1% ±12.0

own children of the householder 6 to 17 years 1,896 ±296 1,896 (X)All parents in family in labor force 1,434 ±325 75.6% ±12.4

13


COMMUTING TO WORK Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorWorkers 16 years and over 4,869 ±386 4,869 (X)

Car, truck, or van – drove alone 4,142 ±332 85.1% ±1.0Car, truck, or van – carpooled 357 ±190 7.3% ±3.9Public transportation (excluding taxicab) 12 ±21 0.2% ±0.4Walked 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.4Other means 37 ±40 0.8% ±0.8Worked at home 321 ±129 6.6% ±2.6

Mean travel time to work (minutes) 33.5 ±2.1 (X) (X)

OCCUPATION Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 4,958 ±463 4,958 (X)

Management, business, science, and arts occupations 2,281 ±288 46.0% ±3.9Service occupations 523 ±158 10.5% ±3.0Sales and office occupations 1,532 ±275 30.9% ±4.7Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupa-tions

212 ±98 4.3% ±1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 410 ±163 8.3% ±3.2

INDUSTRY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 4,958 ±463 4,958 (X)

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 0 ±30 0.0% ±0.6Construction 290 ±119 5.8% ±2.3Manufacturing 520 ±146 10.5% ±2.8Wholesale trade 294 ±122 5.9% ±2.4Retail trade 604 ±190 12.2% ±3.7Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 287 ±131 5.8% ±2.6Information 60 ±63 1.2% ±1.3Finance and insurance, and real estate and rental and leasing 303 ±111 6.1% ±2.2Professional, scientific, and management, and administrativeand waste management services

753 ±178 15.2% ±2.2

Educational services, and health care and social assistance 1,188 ±192 24.0% ±2.2Arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation andfood services

243 ±109 4.9% ±2.1

Other services, except public administration 116 ±73 2.3% ±1.5Public administration 300 ±129 6.1% ±2.5

CLASS OF WORKER Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian employed population 16 years and over 4,958 ±463 4,958 (X)

Private wage and salary workers 3,851 ±373 77.7% ±2.0Government workers 918 ±211 18.5% ±3.9Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers 151 ±71 3.0% ±1.4Unpaid family workers 38 ±49 0.8% ±1.0

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INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2018 INFLATION-ADJUSTEDDOLLARS)


Total households 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)Less than $10,000 170 ±120 5.1% ±3.6$10,000 to $14,999 108 ±86 3.2% ±2.6$15,000 to $24,999 173 ±82 5.2% ±2.4$25,000 to $34,999 76 ±63 2.3% ±1.9$35,000 to $49,999 224 ±97 6.7% ±1.9$50,000 to $74,999 417 ±144 12.5% ±1.9$75,000 to $99,999 529 ±156 15.8% ±4.5$100,000 to $149,999 632 ±165 18.9% ±4.8$150,000 to $199,999 344 ±115 10.3% ±3.4$200,000 or more 669 ±152 20.0% ±4.3Median household income (dollars) 98,375 ±13,395 (X) (X)Mean household income (dollars) 143,869 ±18,463 (X) (X)

With earnings 2,782 ±210 83.2% ±2.2Mean earnings (dollars) 151,099 ±21,497 (X) (X)

With Social Security 769 ±190 23.0% ±5.4Mean Social Security income (dollars) 21,585 ±7,244 (X) (X)

With retirement income 572 ±145 17.1% ±4.2Mean retirement income (dollars) 21,946 ±9,289 (X) (X)

With Supplemental Security Income 150 ±84 4.5% ±2.5Mean Supplemental Security Income (dollars) 9,211 ±7,220 (X) (X)

With cash public assistance income 84 ±82 2.5% ±2.4Mean cash public assistance income (dollars) 1,093 ±752 (X) (X)

With Food Stamp/SNAP benefits in the past 12 months 130 ±73 3.9% ±2.2

Families 2,708 ±208 2,708 (X)Less than $10,000 44 ±40 1.6% ±1.5$10,000 to $14,999 41 ±40 1.5% ±1.5$15,000 to $24,999 98 ±67 3.6% ±2.5$25,000 to $34,999 57 ±56 2.1% ±2.1$35,000 to $49,999 160 ±77 5.9% ±2.8$50,000 to $74,999 323 ±125 11.9% ±4.5$75,000 to $99,999 476 ±148 17.6% ±5.3$100,000 to $149,999 598 ±154 22.1% ±5.4$150,000 to $199,999 296 ±102 10.9% ±3.7$200,000 or more 615 ±149 22.7% ±5.2Median family income (dollars) 110,109 ±27,896 (X) (X)Mean family income (dollars) 162,047 ±22,341 (X) (X)

Per capita income (dollars) 46,666 ±6,414 (X) (X)

Nonfamily households 634 ±216 634 (X)Median nonfamily income (dollars) 47,760 ±26,294 (X) (X)Mean nonfamily income (dollars) 58,227 ±13,965 (X) (X)

Median earnings for workers (dollars) 50,314 ±4,985 (X) (X)Median earnings for male full-time, year-round workers (dol-lars)

78,900 ±12,437 (X) (X)

Median earnings for female full-time, year-round workers (dol-lars)

49,713 ±3,861 (X) (X)

15


HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCivilian noninstitutionalized population 10,498 ±339 10,498 (X)With health insurance coverage 9,875 ±609 94.1% ±4.9With private health insurance 8,764 ±553 83.5% ±4.5With public coverage 2,061 ±382 19.6% ±3.6No health insurance coverage 623 ±211 5.9% ±2.0

Civilian noninstitutionalized population under 1 years 3,121 ±384 3,121 (X)No health insurance coverage 121 ±121 3.9% ±3.8

Civilian noninstitutionalized population 19 to 64 years 6,059 ±374 6,059 (X)In labor force: 4,682 ±348 4,682 (X)Employed: 4,634 ±357 4,634 (X)With health insurance coverage 4,453 ±370 96.1% ±3.0With private health insurance 4,365 ±368 94.2% ±3.2With public coverage 196 ±109 4.2% ±2.3No health insurance coverage 181 ±85 3.9% ±1.8

Unemployed: 48 ±49 48 (X)With health insurance coverage 19 ±31 39.6% ±50.4With private health insurance 19 ±31 39.6% ±50.4With public coverage 19 ±31 39.6% ±50.4No health insurance coverage 29 ±36 60.4% ±42.7

Not in labor force: 1,377 ±325 1,377 (X)With health insurance coverage 1,109 ±260 80.5% ±26.8With private health insurance 863 ±199 62.7% ±20.7With public coverage 429 ±186 31.2% ±11.3No health insurance coverage 268 ±139 19.5% ±9.0

PERCENTAGE OF FAMILIES AND PEOPLE WHOSE IN-COME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS IS BELOW THEPOVERTY LEVEL


All families 3.7% ±2.4 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 2.1% ±2.7 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only0.0% ±10.0 (X) (X)

Married couple families 3.0% ±2.5 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 0.6% ±0.9 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only0.0% ±5.9 (X) (X)

Families with female householder, no husband present 10.2% ±10.9 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 18 years 12.7% ±16.0 (X) (X)With related children of the householder under 5 years

only0.0% ±233.3 (X) (X)

All people 6.7% ±3.0 (X) (X)Under 18 years 2.7% ±2.6 (X) (X)

related children of the householder under 18 years 2.1% ±2.4 (X) (X)related children of the householder under 5 years 0.0% ±4.7 (X) (X)related children of the householder 5 to 17 years 2.9% ±3.8 (X) (X)

18 years and over 8.2% ±2.6 (X) (X)18 to 64 years 7.3% ±2.7 (X) (X)65 years and over 12.4% ±7.8 (X) (X)

People in families 3.4% ±2.5 (X) (X)Unrelated individuals 15 years and over 34.3% ±14.7 (X) (X)

16


Selected Housing Characteristics

HOUSING OCCUPANCY Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 3,628 ±279 3,628 (X)

Occupied housing units 3,342 ±236 92.1% ±9.6Vacant housing units 286 ±164 7.9% ±4.5

Homeowner vacancy rate 1.1 ±1.7 (X) (X)Rental vacancy rate 8.4 ±12.9 (X) (X)

UNITS IN STRUCTURE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 3,628 ±279 3,628 (X)

1-unit, detached 3,296 ±265 90.8% ±2.11-unit, attached 225 ±133 6.2% ±3.62 units 34 ±52 0.9% ±1.43 or 4 units 19 ±32 0.5% ±0.95 to 9 units 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.610 to 19 units 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.620 or more units 42 ±42 1.2% ±1.2Mobile home 12 ±20 0.3% ±0.6Boat, RV, van, etc. 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6

YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 3,628 ±279 3,628 (X)

Built 2014 or later 459 ±134 12.7% ±3.6Built 2010 to 2013 121 ±63 3.3% ±1.7Built 2000 to 2009 2,545 ±266 70.1% ±5.0Built 1990 to 1999 211 ±91 5.8% ±5.0Built 1980 to 1989 75 ±54 2.1% ±1.5Built 1970 to 1979 58 ±68 1.6% ±1.9Built 1960 to 1969 102 ±71 2.8% ±1.9Built 1950 to 1959 43 ±45 1.2% ±1.2Built 1940 to 1949 14 ±23 0.4% ±0.6Built 1939 or earlier 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6

ROOMS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 3,628 ±279 3,628 (X)

1 room 10 ±16 0.3% ±0.42 rooms 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.63 rooms 91 ±89 2.5% ±2.44 rooms 82 ±66 2.3% ±1.85 rooms 404 ±149 11.1% ±4.06 rooms 301 ±121 8.3% ±3.37 rooms 458 ±140 12.6% ±3.78 rooms 683 ±199 18.8% ±5.39 rooms or more 1,599 ±246 44.1% ±5.9Median rooms 8.2 ±0.3 (X) (X)

BEDROOMS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal housing units 3,628 ±279 3,628 (X)

No bedroom 10 ±16 0.3% ±0.41 bedroom 75 ±84 2.1% ±2.32 bedrooms 239 ±123 6.6% ±3.43 bedrooms 1,092 ±217 30.1% ±5.54 bedrooms 1,130 ±192 31.1% ±4.75 or more bedrooms 1,082 ±169 29.8% ±4.1

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HOUSING TENURE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

Owner-occupied 2,847 ±246 85.2% ±4.2Renter-occupied 495 ±140 14.8% ±4.1

Average household size of owner-occupied unit 3.20 ±0.34 (X) (X)Average household size of renter-occupied unit 2.81 ±0.43 (X) (X)

YEAR HOUSEHOLDER MOVED INTO UNIT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

Moved in 2017 or later 116 ±63 3.5% ±1.9Moved in 2015 to 2016 521 ±153 15.6% ±4.5Moved in 2010 to 2014 989 ±217 29.6% ±6.2Moved in 2000 to 2009 1,551 ±206 46.4% ±5.2Moved in 1990 to 1999 111 ±69 3.3% ±2.1Moved in 1989 or earlier 54 ±41 1.6% ±1.2

VEHICLES AVAILABLE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

No vehicles available 106 ±77 3.2% ±2.31 vehicle available 674 ±201 20.2% ±5.82 vehicles available 1,522 ±212 45.5% ±5.53 or more vehicles available 1,040 ±216 31.1% ±6.1

HOUSE HEATING FUEL Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

Utility gas 1,655 ±215 49.5% ±5.4Bottled, tank, or LP gas 18 ±23 0.5% ±0.7Electricity 1,669 ±255 49.9% ±6.8Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6Coal or coke 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6Wood 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6Solar energy 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6Other fuel 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6No fuel used 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

Lacking complete plumbing facilities 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6Lacking complete kitchen facilities 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.6No telephone service available 29 ±37 0.9% ±1.1

OCCUPANTS PER ROOM Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied housing units 3,342 ±236 3,342 (X)

1.00 or less 3,328 ±378 99.6% ±8.91.01 to 1.50 4 ±28 0.1% ±0.81.51 or more 10 ±40 0.3% ±1.2

VALUE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOwner-occupied units 2,847 ±246 2,847 (X)

Less than $50,000 39 ±65 1.4% ±2.3$50,000 to $99,999 54 ±49 1.9% ±1.7$100,000 to $149,999 290 ±115 10.2% ±4.0$150,000 to $199,999 385 ±130 13.5% ±4.4$200,000 to $299,999 674 ±155 23.7% ±5.0$300,000 to $499,999 695 ±127 24.4% ±3.9$500,000 to $999,999 621 ±169 21.8% ±5.6$1,000,000 or more 89 ±69 3.1% ±2.4Median (dollars) 297,200 ±22,453 (X) (X)

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MORTGAGE STATUS Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOwner-occupied units 2,847 ±246 2,847 (X)

Housing units with a mortgage 2,298 ±251 80.7% ±5.4Housing units without a mortgage 549 ±149 19.3% ±5.0

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS (SMOC) Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorHousing units with a mortgage 2,298 ±251 2,298 (X)

Less than $500 6 ±38 0.3% ±1.6$500 to $999 176 ±100 7.7% ±4.3$1,000 to $1,499 765 ±176 33.3% ±6.7$1,500 to $1,999 310 ±87 13.5% ±3.5$2,000 to $2,499 322 ±102 14.0% ±4.2$2,500 to $2,999 181 ±76 7.9% ±3.2$3,000 or more 538 ±178 23.4% ±7.3Median (dollars) 1,851 ±192 (X) (X)

Housing units without a mortgage 549 ±149 549 (X)Less than $250 13 ±41 2.4% ±7.4$250 to $399 51 ±42 9.3% ±7.3$400 to $599 160 ±83 29.1% ±12.8$600 to $799 154 ±74 28.1% ±11.1$800 to $999 43 ±42 7.8% ±7.3$1,000 or more 128 ±76 23.3% ±12.3Median (dollars) 708 ±117 (X) (X)

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A PERCENT-AGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME (SMOCAPI)


Housing units with a mortgage (excluding units whereSMOCAPI cannot be computed)

2,275 ±320 2,275 (X)

Less than 20.0 percent 1,325 ±240 58.2% ±6.620.0 to 24.9 percent 267 ±77 11.7% ±3.025.0 to 29.9 percent 213 ±107 9.4% ±4.530.0 to 34.9 percent 84 ±52 3.7% ±2.235.0 percent or more 386 ±158 17.0% ±6.5

Not computed 23 ±32 (X) (X)

Housing unit without a mortgage (excluding unitswhere SMOCAPI cannot be computed)

518 ±139 518 (X)

Less than 10.0 percent 279 ±91 53.9% ±10.110.0 to 14.9 percent 149 ±85 28.8% ±14.515.0 to 19.9 percent 17 ±28 3.3% ±5.320.0 to 24.9 percent 0 ±21 0.0% ±4.125.0 to 29.9 percent 15 ±24 2.9% ±4.630.0 to 34.9 percent 21 ±27 4.1% ±5.135.0 percent or more 37 ±34 7.1% ±6.3


GROSS RENT Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorOccupied units paying rent 495 ±140 495 (X)

Less than $500 75 ±101 15.2% ±19.9$500 to $999 148 ±98 29.9% ±18.0$1,000 to $1,499 126 ±77 25.5% ±13.8$1,500 to $1,999 99 ±74 20.0% ±13.8$2,000 to $2,499 33 ±27 6.7% ±5.1$2,500 to $2,999 0 ±21 0.0% ±4.2$3,000 or more 14 ±29 2.8% ±5.8Median (dollars) 1,118 ±349 (X) (X)

No rent paid 0 ±21 (X) (X)

19


GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD IN-COME (GRAPI)


Occupied units paying rent (excluding units whereGRAPI cannot be computed)

495 ±164 495 (X)

Less than 15.0 percent 54 ±50 10.9% ±9.515.0 to 19.9 percent 30 ±33 6.1% ±6.420.0 to 24.9 percent 45 ±44 9.1% ±8.425.0 to 29.9 percent 57 ±56 11.5% ±10.730.0 to 34.9 percent 23 ±39 4.6% ±7.735.0 percent or more 286 ±129 57.8% ±17.7


20


Selected Demographic Characteristics

SEX AND AGE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal Population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

Male 4,963 ±379 47.2% ±3.3Female 5,546 ±355 52.8% ±2.9Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 89.5 ±3.7 (X) (X)

Under 5 years 781 ±215 7.4% ±2.05 to 9 years 842 ±191 8.0% ±1.810 to 14 years 866 ±187 8.2% ±1.815 to 19 years 717 ±212 6.8% ±2.020 to 24 years 463 ±187 4.4% ±1.825 to 34 years 1,221 ±241 11.6% ±2.335 to 44 years 1,632 ±259 15.5% ±2.445 to 54 years 1,464 ±239 13.9% ±2.255 to 59 years 670 ±193 6.4% ±1.860 to 64 years 535 ±166 5.1% ±1.665 to 74 years 975 ±221 9.3% ±2.175 to 84 years 200 ±80 1.9% ±0.885 years and over 143 ±135 1.4% ±1.3

Median age (years) 36.5 ±2.0 (X) (X)

Under 18 years 2,874 ±377 27.3% ±3.516 years and over 7,881 ±389 75.0% ±2.818 years and over 7,635 ±613 72.7% ±5.321 years and over 7,173 ±587 68.3% ±5.162 years and over 1,695 ±305 16.1% ±2.965 years and over 1,318 ±270 12.5% ±2.5

18 years and over 7,635 ±613 7,635 (X)Male 3,500 ±397 45.8% ±3.7Female 4,135 ±467 54.2% ±4.3Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 84.6 ±0.7 (X) (X)

65 years and over 1,318 ±270 1,318 (X)Male 445 ±129 33.8% ±7.0Female 873 ±237 66.2% ±11.8Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 51.0 ±5.3 (X) (X)

21


RACE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

One race 9,993 ±469 95.1% ±3.3Two or more races 516 ±285 4.9% ±2.7One race 9,993 ±469 95.1% ±3.3

White 8,120 ±645 77.3% ±5.6Black or African American 1,222 ±614 11.6% ±5.8American Indian and Alaska Native 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Cherokee tribal grouping 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Chippewa tribal grouping 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Navajo tribal grouping 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Sioux tribal grouping 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2

Asian 607 ±334 5.8% ±3.2Asian Indian 69 ±92 0.7% ±0.9Chinese 98 ±79 0.9% ±0.7Filipino 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Japanese 40 ±68 0.4% ±0.6Korean 93 ±118 0.9% ±1.1Vietnamese 274 ±236 2.6% ±2.2Other Asian 33 ±175 0.3% ±1.7

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Native Hawaiian 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Guamanian or Chamorro 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Samoan 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Other Pacific Islander 0 ±59 0.0% ±0.6

Some other race 44 ±41 0.4% ±0.4Two or more races 516 ±285 4.9% ±2.7

White and Black or African American 164 ±119 1.6% ±1.1White and American Indian and Alaska Native 173 ±147 1.6% ±1.4White and Asian 51 ±84 0.5% ±0.8Black or African American and American Indian andAlaska Native

0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2

Race alone or in combination with one or more other racesTotal population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

White 8,636 ±595 82.2% ±5.0Black or African American 1,466 ±642 13.9% ±6.1American Indian and Alaska Native 253 ±199 2.4% ±1.9Asian 658 ±344 6.3% ±3.3Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 5 ±10 0.0% ±0.1Some other race 87 ±78 0.8% ±0.7

HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorTotal population 10,509 ±338 10,509 (X)

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 677 ±307 6.4% ±2.9Mexican 97 ±102 0.9% ±1.0Puerto Rican 143 ±130 1.4% ±1.2Cuban 69 ±66 0.7% ±0.6Other Hispanic or Latino 368 ±217 3.5% ±2.1

Not Hispanic or Latino 9,832 ±413 93.6% ±2.5White alone 7,552 ±677 71.9% ±6.0Black or African American alone 1,186 ±612 11.3% ±5.8American Indian and Alaska Native alone 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Asian alone 607 ±334 5.8% ±3.2Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Some other race alone 14 ±21 0.1% ±0.2Two or more races 473 ±285 4.5% ±2.7Two races including Some other race 0 ±21 0.0% ±0.2Two races excluding Some other race, and 473 ±285 4.5% ±2.7Three or more races

22


CITIZEN, VOTING AGE POPULATION Estimate Margin of Error Percent Margin of ErrorCitizen, 18 and over population 7,117 ±497 7,117 (X)

Male 3,239 ±306 45.5% ±2.9Female 3,878 ±392 54.5% ±4.0

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2014-18 American Community SurveyValues marked with a period denote estimates that could not be computed.Values marked ***** denote ’controlled’ estimates for which statistical tests for sampling variability are not appropriate.

Report prepared by Emory University’s Policy Analysis Laboratory andTerra Cognita Consulting, LLC in cooperation with Neighborhood Nexus.

23

Technical Notes, ACS Profile

This report features demographic profiles based on the Census Bureaus 2014-2018 American Commu-nity Survey 5-year estimates. These profiles follow precisely the order, format, and content of the ACS-based ”fact sheets” available via the Census Bureaus American Fact Finder online system.

What is the American Community Survey, and What is a 5-Year Es timate?

The American Community Survey is a nationwide survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau ona continuous, rolling basis. It is intended to replace the ”long form” that has been a component of thedecennial census for the last several decades.

From 1940 until 2000, the Census Bureau actually conducted a census (counting of the entire popu-lation) and a survey (measuring a sample of the population) simultaneously: most households received a”short form” with basic questions (e.g. age, sex, race), while a ”long form” with everything contained on the”short form” plus many other topics (e.g. educational attainment, occupation, income) was administered toa sample of households (varied by year and other factors, but roughly 1 in 7 households). As the nameimplies, the decennial census took place only once every ten years, providing a single ”snapshot” of thecountry. But policymakers wanted to have more timely data, so the Census Bureau moved to the new”continuous measurement” model of the ACS, which had its nationwide launch in 2005.

Though the ACS is a replacement for the long form component of the census, it is not a direct substitute.The two differ in many important ways, but we will focus on a few key points.

First, as mentioned above, the ”continuous measurement” model means that the ACS is not a snapshotfor any particular point in time. So while the decennial census measured where people lived on Census Day(historically April 1st of years ending in 0), the ACS looks at where people live on the day they are surveyed.For example, ACS income measures look at the 12-month period preceding the survey date, while thedecennial looked at the previous calendar year. Second, the ACS sample is much smaller than that of thedecennial census: roughly 2.5% each year. Even pooling the data over a 5-year period yields a combinedsample of only about 12.5%, considerably smaller than the roughly 16.7% sampled in the decennial census;the implications of this smaller sample on the margin of error for estimates is discussed below. Third, thepooling across years required to yield a decent-sized sample for smaller areas creates complications forinterpretation. Whereas the decennial census allowed one to say, ”on April 1, 2000, X% of the populationin region Y was unemployed,” we must now say ”over the course of the period 2005-2009, on average X%of the population in region Y was unemployed.” When faced with a period of rapid change such the onsetof the ”Great Recession,” having a pooled estimate over a 5-year period is much less helpful than having afirm snapshot at a single point in time. So while the ACS has been of great help to policymakers interestedin the effects of the Great Recession on large geographies such as states, counties, and major cities (areasfor which 1-year or 3-year estimates are available), it has created new challenges for people interested insmall cities and neighborhoods within larger cities.

To learn more about the ACS, how to use it, and how it differs from the decennial census, please referto the Census Bureau’s publication A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community SurveyData: What General Data Users Need to Know.

What is a Margin of Error, and Why is its Calculation so Import ant?

It is not feasible to administer the long form or the ACS to the entire population. Fortunately, this is notnecessary: just like a single spoonful can tell you if a pot of soup has enough salt, a reasonable estimateof a population may be derived from a quality sample. The quality of a sample depends on two factors: itsrepresentativeness and its size. In some sense, the representativeness is the more important of the two: abiased sample, however large, can never yield a good estimate. After adding salt to your soup but beforetasting, you stir the soup. Otherwise you’ll get a spoonful of extra-salty soup not representative of the potas a whole. Randomly sampling the population has the same effect as stirring the soup: you get a samplethat is representative of the population from which it was drawn. But the spoonful of soup doesn’t haveexactly the same proportion of salt as the rest of the pot: it contains the ”true” amount, plus or minus someamount due to chance. We call that chance variation from the true amount ”sampling error.” The larger thesample, the smaller that error is likely to be, though the marginal reduction in sampling error of increasingthe sample size by a unit declines as the number of units goes up.

Proper reporting of a sample-based estimate, therefore, requires three pieces of information: a ”pointestimate” (our best estimate of the actual value), plus a margin of error, given a particular confidence level(which allow assessment of the quality of the estimate): we are 90% confident that the pot of soup has 8,500milligrams of salt, plus or minus 500 milligrams. Holding a sample size constant, increasing the confidencelevel forces us to increase the margin of error (we would have to increase the size of the range to be 99%confident that our range contains the true value).

When applying this concept to the ACS, we should first note that the Census Bureau typically reportsa 90% confidence interval: we are 90% certain that the true number lies within the reported range. Whenlooking at counties or large cities, the samples are large and the confidence intervals small. But for smallercities and geographies such as census tracts, even the five-year pooled sample is quite small– yieldinga rather large confidence interval. When the confidence intervals for two areas overlap, we cannot tellwhether the difference we observed is real or an artifact caused by sampling error (or, to use the technicalterm, the differences are not ”statistically significant”).

Although you can simply add the raw population of two census tracts together, estimating the marginof error for the resultant area is somewhat more complicated. To estimate the margin of error for numbersand proportions, we follow the method recommended in Appendix 3 of the Census Bureau’s publicationA Compass for Understanding and Using American Community Survey Data: What General Data UsersNeed to Know. To estimate the margin of error for medians, we follow the method recommended on pages16-17 of 2005-2009 ACS 5-year PUMS Accuracy of the Data.

What tables from the ACS were used to compile these Demograph ic Profiles?

SOCIALIndicators Table(s)Households by Type B11001Average Household Size B09019, B11001Relationship B09019Marital Status B12001Fertility B13002Grandparents B10050School Enrollment B14001Educational Attainment B15002Veteran Status B21001Disability Status B18101Residence 1 Year Ago B07003Place of Birth B05002Year of Entry, Native B05005World Region of Birth of Foreign Born B05006Language Spoken at Home B16004Ancestry B04006Computers and Interned Use B28002, B28003

ECONOMICIndicators Table(s)Employment Status B23001Employment for parents of Own Children B23008Commuting to Work B08101Mean Travel Time to Work B08013, B08101Occupation C24010Industry C24030Class of Worker B24080Household Income B19001Median Household Income B19013Mean Household Income B19025, B19001Households with Earnings B19051Mean Earnings B19061, B19051Households with Social Security B19055Mean Social Security B19065, B19055Households with Retirement Income B19059Mean Retirement Income B19069, B19059Households with SSI Income B19056Mean SSI Income B19066, B19056


ECONOMICIndicators Table(s)Households with Public Assistance Income B19057Mean Public Assistance Income B19067, B19057Households with Food Stamp/SNAP Income B22001Family Income B19101Median Family Income B19113Mean Family Income B19127, B19101Per Capita Income B19313, B01001Median Non-Family Income B19202Mean Non-Family Income B19214, B19201Median Earnings for Workers B20017Health Insurance Coverage B18135, B27011Poverty: Families B17010Poverty: People B17001Poverty: Related Children B17006Poverty: Related People in Families B17021Poverty: Unrelated individuals 15 years and over B17007

HOUSINGIndicators Table(s)Housing Occupancy B25002Homeowner vacancy rate B25003, B25004Rental vacancy rate B25003, B25004Units in Structure B25024Year Structure Built B25034Rooms B25017Median Number of rooms B25018Bedrooms B25041Housing Tenure B25009Average Household size of occupied units B25008, B25003Year Householder Moved into Unit B25038Vehicles Available B25044House Heating Fuel B25040Selected Characteristics: Lacking Plumbing B25048Selected Characteristics: Lacking CompleteKitchen

B25052

Selected Characteristics: Lacking Telephone B25043Occupants per Room B25014Value of Housing Unit B25075Median housing unit value B25077Mortgage Status B25081


HOUSINGIndicators Table(s)Selected Monthly Owner Costs B25087Median Selected Monthly Owner Costs B25088Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentageof Household Income

B25091

Gross Rent B25063Median Gross Rent B25064Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household In-come

B25070

DEMOGRAPHICIndicators Table(s)Sex and Age B01001Median Age B01002Race C02003Tribal Groupings B02005Asian Groupings B02006Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Groupings B02007Race Alone or In Combination with One or MoreOther Races

B02008, B02009, B02010, B02011, B02012, B02013

Hispanic or Latino and Race B03001, B03002

Demographic Proﬁle: Braseltondocuments.atlantaregional.com/Profiles/City/Braselton_NN.pdfDecennial...

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