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DelftUniversity ofTechnology 1
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profiling
Doppler radar?A.C.P. Oude Nijhuis, C.M.H. Unal, O.A. Krasnov, H.W.J. Russchenberg and A.
Yarovoy
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 2
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Introduction & Motivation
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 3
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
We all want a safe flight...
EXCLUSIVE: 'WAKE TURBULENCE' & PILOT ERROR COULD HAVE CAUSED SFO ASIANA CRASH (7 Jul 2013)
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 4
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
We all want a safe flight...
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 5
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Air planes can crash because of a WV when:* They hit a wake vortex* They experience a roll moment* They are close to the ground* They have little time to correct
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 6
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Solution to increase capacity???* Montoring WVs
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 7
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Solution
- New radars and lidars have higher sensitivities.- They can scan the glide slope and detect the WVs and weather hazards.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 8
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Solution
WVs and weather hazards can be monitored under all weather conditions by using scanning radars and lidars!
???????!!!!???????
Solution to mitigate weather hazards and increase airport capacity:
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 9
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
WV monitoring along the glide slope
Touch - Down Area
Runway 3000 m / 60 m (typically)
Wind Final Approach Fix (FAF)
ILS Interception Area
Altitude between 2000 and 6000 ft (typically)
H = 400 ft
400 m 2500 m
25 000 m
ILS Glide Slope
5 500 m
Final Approach
Landing
Mode-S Downlink
Radar/Lidar Sensors
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 10
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
We would like to improve turbulence retrievals and improve wake vortex monitoring. How to do this?
WV and turbulence monitoring
Imrpove turbulenceretrievals
ImproveWV monitoring
Improve wind retrievals
Improve WV detection and retrievals
Measurement analysis:Use CESAR.
Simulations
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 11
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
We would like to improve turbulence retrievals and improve wake vortex monitoring. How to do this?
• Use the Cabauw research site and apply EDR retrievals to the available radars.
• Try to answer the question how radars and lidars can be used to retrieve turbulence.
• Make a validation with other instruments to conclude whether the results are reliable.
WV and turbulence monitoring
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 12
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for preciptation profiling
Doppler radar?methods
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 13
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Cabauw research site
TARA (S-band RADAR) measures the vertical Doppler verlocities at Cabauw.
330 m
Tower with sonic anemometer at 180 m. (and other levels)Atmospheric
Profilingbetween 180 m and ~ 15 km.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 14
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Methods
The eddy dissipation rate (EDR) is based on the assumption of homogenous isotropic frozen turbulence. In the inertial sub-range the dissipation goes with a -5/3 power.
Figure from O'Connor (2010).
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 15
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Methods
Several retrieval methods are possible:• Use the Doppler spectral width. • Use a sequence of Doppler velocities. Several methods exist
for analysis: 1. variance, 2. power spectrum, 3. structure functions.
The eddy dissipation rate (EDR) is based on the assumption of homogenous isotropic frozen turbulence. In the inertial sub-range the dissipation goes with a -5/3 power.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 16
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for preciptation profiling
Doppler radar?Results
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 17
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Application to sonic anemometers
Measurements from the sonic anemometers on June 21st 2012.•10 Hz vertical speeds are converted into EDR values with different methods.•Time domain is used, and average horizontal wind speed is used.•10 minutes of data are used.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 18
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Application to TARA
Measurements from the TARA on June 21st 2012.•Vertical speeds (terminal fall speed subtracted) are converted into EDR values with different methods.•Time domain is used, and average horizontal wind speed is used.•10 minutes of data are used.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 19
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Application to TARA
Measurements from the TARA on June 21st 2012.•Doppler spectral width are converted into EDR values.•Eq. Refl. is used to estimate the drop size distribution.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 20
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Problem!
One storm event is not giving any conclusive analysis…
… solution: use one year of TARA and CESAR data for analysis.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 21
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Solution
Apply edr retrievals to one year of TARA data and sonic anemometer data.
Make scatter density plots of all variables against all variables to understand what is gonig on.
Parameters•BSRN site (radiation parameters)•IDRA reflectivity•Nubiscope cloud cover•Sonic wind speed, wind direction, EDR•TARA reflectivity, wind speed, wind direction, EDR•Tower temperature, humidity, etc.
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 22
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
First results
• Different EDR methods applied to the sonic anemometer look ok.
• Different EDR methods applied to TARA look ok.• Comparison of wind direction between TARA and sonic
goes well.• Comparison of EDR form TARA against sonic
anemometer does not go well.• Variance in differential reflectivity can be an interesting
parameter for the estimation of EDR.
http://homepage.tudelft.nl/4n06h/cesar_scatterplots/test.html
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 23
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Outlook
• Check for bugs and/or errors.• Use angular statistics for comparison of direction.• Use 10 min. average for comparison of wind speed and
wind direction.• Do the analysis for different rain intensities
• Simulations for better understanding• Develope advanced algorithms
DelftUniversity ofTechnology 24
Do eddy dissipation rate retrievals work for precipitation profilingDoppler radar?, CESAR Science Day, June 18th, 2014
Outlook
fall speed Spectral fall speed width