DEER and Digital Autonomous Cultural Objects: A Demonstrator for ECultureNet.
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Transcript of DEER and Digital Autonomous Cultural Objects: A Demonstrator for ECultureNet.
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DEER and Digital Autonomous Cultural Objects:
A Demonstrator for ECultureNet.
Torsten Schaßan and Manfred Thaller
University at Cologne
Maastricht, 12th December 2002
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
The problem
• Existing institutional framework which administers Europe's cultural heritage is widely heterogeneous and multi-centralistic
• National bodies exist which enforce strategies or standards
• Standards are not necessarily compatible with those enforced by other, similar bodies
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Available strategies
1. Enforce adherence to a full set of standards
2. Install a European cultural heritage broker- accepting a set of different standards
3. - accepting arbitrary metadata
4. Agree upon- response models for totally unrelated servers
5. - behaviour of "digital cultural heritage objects"
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
DACO
• Digital Autonomous Cultural Objects
• usage and usability of such objects within a concrete project
• detailed description for a possible strategy for the implementation of a platform for a system of interconnected resource servers
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Usage of DACOs: CEEC
• Codices Electronici Ecclesiae Coloniensis
• http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Manuscript access
• Creation of a functionally complete linkage interface that allows one to access the content of the library completely independent of its own user interface
• the following ways of addressing are guaranteed to be as persistent as the floating discussion of persistent basic identifiers allows
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Manuscript access (2)
• Digital objects may be divided into a• unit of reference manuscript
• finer level of granularity manuscript pages
• Two types of references are necessary:• The user's: to include a reference to a digitally
stored manuscript directly in a text• The institution's: access individual digital
objects in different holdings directly
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Necessary schemes
• It is not desirable to create new identifiers for digital objects, but• a persistent (national) addressing scheme for
collections• a persistent addressing scheme for digital
objects within individual collections• mapping scheme that allows referencing a
granule of a digital object by a specific numbering scheme
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Implementation of schemes
• An implementation of the scheme would look like this:
<collection-reference> <object-reference> <granule-reference>
• Within CEEC it looks like this:
http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/exec/katk/%22kn28-0083ii%22
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
finer level of granularity
• individual page
http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/ exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0083ii_164.jpg%22
• <collection-reference> http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de
• <object-reference> ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/ exec/pagemed/
• <granule-reference> %22kn28-0083ii_164.jpg%22
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
object-reference
• <object-reference> =<interface> <access-mode> <resource-id>
ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/exec/pagemed
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
granule-reference
• a string that allows a direct reference to the smallest division of digitised information within a digital object
• the complete resources id should be contained within the granule-reference
• distinguish between• <direct-granule-reference>• <mapped-granule-reference>
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
granule-reference (2)
• <direct-granule-reference>• consists of a string that can be used directly to
access digitised information on a specific server
• never change throughout its existence • here: kn28-0083ii_164.jpg
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
granule-reference (3)
• <mapped-granule-reference>• consists of a string that is separated by a
dividing character • it maps to a default mechanism that will exist
for the complete life span of the object and is called a "canonical reference"
• may be changed over the life span of the digital object or, indeed, be dropped as obsolete
• here: |kn28-0083ii_82r
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
A DEER built of DACOs
• We need a naming convention for the lowest level of granularity of digital media
• This naming convention has to be resistant against migration faults
• First step: <media-ID>_-_<digital-ID>• media-ID: non-ambiguous identification of the
respective physical media unit• digital-ID: identifies an individual component of the set
of digital files representing that object
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digital-ID
<digital-ID> ::= <meta-ID>|<digital object-ID>
• the meta-ID represents metadata describing the heritage object
• the digital object-ID identifies one discrete unit of digital data representing the content of the heritage object
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meta files
<meta-ID>_-_meta[.state-of-the-art-extension]
• For every digital heritage object the file is obligatory
• We propose to choose for this file a XML-binding of the Dublin Core Format
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
meta files (2)
<meta-ID>_-_meta-toc[.state-of-the-art-extension]
• For every digital media the file is recommended• The author considers the notion of a slight
generalisation of the Ebind DTD
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Naming digital objects
<digital object-ID> ::= <base-ID>[<segment-ID>][<version-ID>][<technical supplement>]
• The <base-ID> is obligatory.• It describes such a unit of the original physical
object, as gives the digital object an intuitively suitable granularity
• The other IDs are optional.
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
media-ID
<media-ID> ::= <heritage-object-ID>[-_-<copy-ID>]
• The <heritage-object-Id> specifies a non-ambiguous identification for a cultural heritage object
• An integrated heritage server has the right to choose from any of the digital units if to the <heritage-object-Id> requested by a user no <copy-ID> has been added "functional identity"
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Generating metadata
• Metadata should be generated using existing data, the best automatically, with the smallest possible expenditure
• Immediately by the end of the digitisation process of an individual object the metadata has to be available which are necessary for the integration of digitised objects in a central portal
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Structure of access
• To be able to use the <media-ID>, the following structure of accessing digitised units will be supported:• every digital collection of heritage objects has
to provide a base-URL• its server respond with an autonomous
webpage• optical design of the dynamically generated
WWW pages is up to the respective institution
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
The demonstrator
• The demonstrator will make available with one interface the following servers:• Medieval manuscripts (CEEC)• Medieval images (Institut für Mittelalterliche
Realienkunde of the Austrian Academy of Sciences)• Early modern doctoral theses of law and printed books
on legal history (Max-Planck-Institut für Rechtsgeschichte, Frankfurt)
• Possibly two other servers (Predigerseminar at Wittenberg / "Personenstandsarchiv Brühl" offering archival material for genealogy)
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
Addresses
1. http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de2. http://www.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/realonline3. http://dlib-diss.mpier.mpg.de4. http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de5. Predigerseminar at Wittenberg. (Not yet
accessible independently.)6. "Personenstandsarchiv Brühl"7. http://www.archive.geschichte.mpg.de
/duderstadt/dud-e.htm.)
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Torsten Schaßan - Maastricht, 2002 Dec 12
• http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/exec/katl/%22kn28-0012%22
• http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010KlCEEC/exec/pagebig/%22|kn28-0012_16v%22