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DECEMBER1959

ANCIENT PAGODA in Kunming. Old China hands wiII recall that it was on the same street

as the post office, and housed the telephone exchange. Photo by Jim Wilkinson.

2 Ex.eEl ROUNDUP

Please Report Change of Address Immediately!Direct All Correspondence to

Ex.CBI Roundup Northern California• AnY10ne in northernCalifornia interested injoining our General GeorgeW. SHney Basha, orperfrlapsjust inteT~sted in receivingour mailing,s, is invited tocontact me at the addressbelow or write Ray Kirk.patrick, 293 Pope Street, SanFrancisco 12, Calif.

JOEL H. SPRINGER, Jr.7 Front StreetSan Francisco 11, Calif.

Flying Tigers Article• Sure enjoyed the Fly.ing Tigers article byGeneral Scott in the Novem.ber issue. Ever since hisfamous book, "God Is MyCo-Pilot," Scott's name hasbeen synonymous with CBI.

GEORGE BRISSON,Tampa, Fla.

Indispensable Scott?• General Scott's articlein last issue was good read.ing, but someha,w in read.ing between the lines I gotthe impression that Scottreally thinks 'he is mostindispensable.

MORRIS GOODMAN,New York, N. Y.

NATIVE OXCART has Ameri.can GI driver in this phototaken near Ramgarh, India, in1944 by George J. Johns.

Laurens, Iowa

SUBSCRIPTION RATEForeign: $4.00 per Year

$7.00 Two Years

Letter FROM The Editors ...

P. O. Box 188

Vol. 13, No. 10 December, 1959Ex-CEI ROUNDUP. established 1946, is a reminiscing magazinepublished monthly except AUGUST and SEPTEMBER at Lau-rens. Iowa. by and for former members of U. S. Units stationedIn the China-Burma-India Theater during World War II. Ex-CBIRoundup is the official publication of thf China-Burma-IndlaVeterans Association.

• Officers and members of the China.Burma.lndiaVeterans Association are to be 'congratulated on therecent presentation of a plaque to the Trophy Room ofArlington National Cemetery. It provides official'recognition to those who lost their lives in CBI, and toCEl veterans who have passed on during the post-waryears.• With so many of the larger veterans' groups report-ing a decline in membershIp, we're happy to note asteadily increasing growth m the CBI field. Both Ex-CBI Roundup and the CBI Veterans Assn. show an in-crease in SUbscriptions and me.mbers respectively dur-ing the past year.• Cover picture should bring back ,memories to anyGI who served in India during World War II. EveryAmerican stopped more than once to watch a sidewalkbarber at wc,rk, yet few actually tried one. As you reocall, they shaved "dry" or sometimes with a littlewater, but never with lather! Photo by Joel H. Springer,Jr.• It's been a long time since Roundup has publisheda Unit History. Reason: It's been a long time sinceanyone has sent one to us. If you're holding a 'historyof your own unit, loan ilt to Roundup for publication.It may be possible to obtain suitable photos to illus.trate from the Pentagon.• For new readers and old ones who have changedcars, we still have a supply of the colorful eEl-patchwindow decals. Send 5 cents for each decal wanted,and be sure to enclose a self. addressed, stampedenvelope.

Clarence R. Gordon & Neil L. Maurer Co. Editors----- CONTRIBUTING STAFF -----

Sydney L. Greenberg Photo EditorBoyd Sinclair Book Review Editor

SECOND CLASS MAIL PRIVILEGES AUTHORIZED at thePost Office at Laurens, Iowa, under act of March 3, 1879.

$3.00 per Year$5.50 Two Years

DECEMBER, 1959 3

To The Editors _

MEMBERS of the San Francisco chapter of the China-Burma-India Veterans Association recently presented a membership toGeneral Albert C. Wedemeyer (second from right), whoserved as Commanding General of the China Theater duringWorld War II. Shown above with General Wedemeyer areT. C. Lee (left), Past Commander of the basha at San Fran-cisco; Herb Jackson, Commander; and Raymond Kirkpatrick,National Junior Vice Commander.

MONSOON clouds gather over Camp Kanchrapara, near Cal-cutta. Photo by Joel H. Springer, Jr.

Advocates Tiger Hunt• An item in the June"CBI Dateline" interestedme. In B haw ani p a :t n a(wherever that is!) 36 per.sons were killed by tigersin the first three m:>nthsof this year. Some time agoI read an article in thenewspaper that indicatedhundreds . of people aremauled to death by tigersannually in India. I do notunderstand how the Indiangovernment can allow asituation like this to exis't.In a sedtor of Oklahomawhere rattlesnakes abound,the citizens hold an annualrattlesnake hun t duringwhich many thousands ofsnakes, are killed. Whycan't the Indians do like-wise and thus end the ter-rible danger from tigers?

KENNETH CLAWSON,Birmingham, Ala.

Seek Hastings Sergeant• Does anyone know thewhereabouts of ClarenceHoffschauer who was withBase Headquarters, Hast-ings Mill, Calcutta? He wasa T/Sgt. on discharge andin 1949 was living in theCincinnaa area.

JOSEPH C. CASS,Red River, N. M.

CBI.ers Know Poverty• Bishop Ensley hit thenail on the head in hisstatement quoted in yourJune issue: "If anyonethinks he has ever wit-nessed poverty let himm a k e the acquaintancewith the misery of just oneIndian city street." Only aCBI-er who has spent timein India can attest to thetruth of this statement.

JOHN J. BAKER,Columbus, Ohio

Fighting 19th• Here is Slap-HappyChappie from the Fighting19th (19th Base Post Office,that is) still bragging onyour fine maga2Jine. I havetold a go:>d many ex-CBIwallahs about it, and hopethat some of them findtheir way onto your sub.scription list. On page 40fyour July issue, you pub.lished a phot:>graph show.ing Ameri.can troops "goingh.OIme," boarding a ship atShanghai in 1945, photo byClinton Staples. Unless myfast-aging eyes deceive me,I 'recognize the first GI 'inline with the barracks bagon hi<; sh::mlder as myself,and th~ next big, burly guyin frent of 'him as WalterL. King of Denver. We wereboarding the U. S. S. Hock-ing, APA 126, in Shanghaion November 10.

JAMES R. CHAPMAN,Lubbock, Tex.

Iowa Meeting Planned• The 1960 'spring meet-'ing of the Carl F. MoerschelBasha will be held inWaterlo:), Iowa, the firstSaturday after Easter, April27. Robert Fink and HermanVesting of Tripoli and A. A.Graff of Waterloo are incharge :>f arrangements.

HENRY HERTEL,Iowa Basha Cmdr.South Amana, Iowa

4 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

______________________ ~-To The Editors

AMERICAN officer, Lt. Clem Beals III, returns the saluteof a Chinese sentry. Photo by William E. Main.

Bhamo Airfield• Holy cow! Thought I'dpass out from sheer nostal.gia when I saw the pictureof operations shack andtower at Bha,mo airfield .onthe July cover. First timeI'd seen that locale in 14years and yet it seemedlike only yesterday I leftthere. Believe I studied thepicture for a full hour!

JAMES A. HENRY,Naples, Fla.

India Lamps• The picture of the un-usual lamp made of articlesfrom India (July) is inter.esting. We had made a pairof table lamps from two 16"engraved India brass vases.They make gorgeous pieces.A friend of ours made alamp from a huge Indiaaftaba.

MRS. GRACE HOUGER,Pittsburgh, Pa.

70th Field Hospital• AnYlone who served inthe 70th Field H.ospital,Merrill's Marauders, Whoknew Edwin Gregory, kind.ly get in touch with R. G.Hill, Service Ojjfice for Dis.abled American Veterans,Veterans Hospital, AnnArbor, Mich.

RUSSELL G. HILL,Ann Arbor, Mich.

Auxiliary for the year. Thenew officers were installedby Harold Kretchmar, Na-Hemal Commander. Our an-nual Ohristmas party forour entire families will beat the Hoe Sai Gai Restau-rant, 85 W. Rand.olph Street,Chicago, at 2 p.m. on De-cember 13. The LadiesAuxiliary will 'serve lightrefreshments. There will bepr~sents from Santa Clausand entertainment by JohnPlatt, our internationallyfamous magician.

JOHN A. CARLSON,NortJhfield, Ill.

China Underrated?• The article "He FearsWe U n d err ate China"(July) is of more thanpassing interest today. Weunderrated Russia tremen-dously and it took Sputnikto awaken us from ourcomplacency. If Chinashould invade India, wemay find that we have beenunderestimating the warpotential of the world'slargest nation.

ERNEST GROTENIK,Long Island, N. Y.

Chicago Basha Elects• The Chieago Basha helda meeting Oct. 23 at HoeSai Gai Restaurant andelected the following of-ficers: John A. Carlson,C.ommander; MenradKraus, Vice Commander;William Hendrick'S, Sr., Fin-ance Officer; Emil Tessari,Provost Marshal; and Wil-liam Matthiesen, JudgeAdvocate. Muriel Carlson lispresident of the Ladies

NEW ROAD from Peishiyi to Chungking, China, was traveledby many American service men who visited the Chinesecapital. Photo by Bob McClure.

40 Years Service• Am to retire within afew weeks and g,oing topasture. I am at present atWalter Reed Army Hospital,Washington, D. C., gettinga medical check. Have over40 years service, aetive dutyand reserve time.

OTTO H. REISS, C.W.O.Concord, Mass.

DECEMBER, 1959 5

In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Free Press Is on Trial(Reprinted from The Quill)BY KENNETH ALLEN

Three times I have written this piece onPakistan and three times I have de-stroyed my efforts. Besides the limita-tions imposed by the 'craft I serve, Isense the presence of a gentle and elder-ly Anglican clergyman who admonishedme to "go home and write the truth," asI attempt to 'phrase words that will tellsomething of journalism in Pakistan andtell it truthfully.

To make a judgment on newspapers,even after many moOnths spent poringover them, doesn't serve the whole truth.All well to say that this newspaper isserving only the administration and thatone serving the Kremlin. Journalism inPakistan has to:> many obstacles thatmust be undep:stood to get a fuller idea.It has all proOblems of that new nation,plus some typical only to scribes.

After half a century of clamoring forfreedom, the Pakistani haven't been ableto make it work. They have discoveredthat fo,stering revolution and husbandingfreedom require different talents. Mybest judgment is that the press of thatunhappy land hasn't helped the situationmuch.

Not the least of their problems stemsfrom the geographical position of theIslamic Republic of Pakistan. Consider'if you will the consequences that wouldarise if you were to join politically theCanadian Province ,0.£ Quebec with theMexican State of Sonora and proclaimthem a new republic. This gives somenotion of the enormous tasks facing thiseleven-year-old stripling government. Athousand plus miles of hostile India liebetween the two parts of Pakistan.

West Pakistan speaks Urdu, eats wheatand is as arid as Mexico. Ea'st Pakistanspeaks Bengali, eats rice and has inexcess of a hundred inches of rainfall

BEHIND THE BYLINEThe experiences of Kenneth Allen as a guest

editor in Pakistan and his appraisal of thestatus of the press in that two-part countrymake for interesting and enlightening reading.The author has had many years of journalisticexperience, has served in the Idaho StateLegislature and is currently active in the U. S.Army Reserve as a captain, assigned to the 419thCivil Affairs Military Government Company,l/7inona, !Minn. His home is at Albert Lea, Minn.

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a year. The people are as different inphysique, custom and tradition as arethe inhabitants of Mexico and Canada.They are united only by the tenuous tiesof the I,slamic religion and a fierceloyalty to a culture they little know orunderstand.

The religious tie may be. the stringthat trips this fledgling nation. Islamicshadows have kepta beautifully-word-ed c b n s tit u tionfrom working andwill have the sameblighting influenceon any boOdyof law.The Islamic 'rulesof inheritance i neleven years havebegun to reduce thesize of rice paddiesto that of night-club dance Hoors.

This religious influence is felt 'inpopulation pressures. Mullahs, the holymen, object to any kind of family plan-ning. East Bengal, where I spent mostof my months, is the' size of Arkansasbut has a population equal to one-fourththat of the entire United States.

Of Pakistan's 76,000,000 population,the 32,000,000 in West Pakistan have sixtimes the land area of Eastern semi-tropical Pakistan. Moslems count for 86per cent of the population. The remainderincludes 10,000,000 Hindus, half a millionChristians, and the remainder scatteredamong Buddhists and Parsees. Four-fifths of the Pakistanis live on the soil.Only a dc'zen cities number as many as100,000.

Illiteracy estimates run as high as90 per cent. Even the educated are sus-pect. Those who can read and write arestill influenced by astrology, palmistry,luckS gems, tea leaf reading and thesearch for omens and portents.

This, then, is the area in which Pakjournalists operate. That they do as wellas they do is a matter of wonder, butall effo,rt falls short of American stand-ards. Most of today's j::>urnalists gotwhat scanty training they have fromthe British. Usually the Pakistanis neverprogressed very far up the reporter'sscale.

To compare the Pakistan journalistunfavorably with those .of the U. S. isunfair-and untruthful. It is fairer tocompare him with other professiona1s

Ex-eBI ROUNDUP

_______________________ ,Free Press on Trial

in that divided nation. On this basis,the Pakistani journalist fares a great dealbetter.

Aside fwm limited experience andmore limited schooling, the Pakistaniscribe hasn't the inquisitiveness ofAmericans. He is too inclined to substitutehis opinions for facts. He may distortnews because he and his news sourcesdiffer in politics or religion. He allowsspooks and apparitions to influence him.Moreover, the Pak is too inclined to layblame for his ills on the Indians or theBritish.

The A'ss::>ciated Press of Pakistan is aquasi. official agency, subsidized withpublic funds, sitting astride all news ofthe world that flows into Pakistan. Muchof the news is purchased from Reuters.Only news favorable to the governmentis allowed to circulate.

The APP sends news to 'clients in WestPakistan by telegraph, but the samenews must be radioed t::>Dacca for dis-tribution to newspapers of the Easternprovince. Communications are uncertain.

Any newsmap- is likely to have toanswer to the police for what he writes.The International Press Institute hasdocumented many such cases. In .oneinstance, a cartoonist, editorial writerand publisher were kept in jail foreighty-three days because of a frontpage treatment .of opinion that govern-ment actions were plunging the nationfurther into chaos. To their credit,Pakistani newsmen protested this treat-ment of the staff members of the Karachi

PAKISTANI newsmen turn out copy in hand-writing, on scrap paper, with ball point penswhich are available everywhere. The handsetpaper, six to twelve pages, is published dailyand Sunday, sells for two annas. It is worthone anna as waste paper.

DECEMBER, 1959

AFTER-FAST "TEA" staged by the ChittagongPress Club in honor of an American journalistvisitor who conducted a seminar. DuringRamzan, true Moslems fast from daylight todark.

Evening Times. But they haven't suc-ceeded in stopping police intervention.

Even a guest editor isn't immune. Iwrote an editorial protesting the build-ing of an atomic electric plant with U. S.funds because (1) the United Statesdidn't know how to build one, (2) theneed was so great that the same moneywould build ten conventional plants,and (3) there was no assurance therewould be atomic fuel available to keepthe plant running. Next morning thepolice came. We had tea and a pleasanthalf hour. But the point wasn't missed.I am sure my mail was opened spas-m.odically until I sent material to theU. S. via neutral addresses.

There are subtler ways of handlingany journalist who might feel the urgeto crusade. The government rigidly con-trols all foreign exchange. A trouble-scme journalist has little chance of con-verting enough currency t.o travel, evenif he could get a passport.

A less subtle but effective way ofsilencing critics is through charges madeby APP f'Or service. One night we got abrief bulletin that the United States hadattempted to orbit a satellite. The ,lastline 'read, "United States scientists saidit would be an hour before it was knownwhether the satellite had gone into orbit."This was about 10 p.m. With a 3 a.m.deadline, I was relaxed. But at 2 a.m. Iasked the news editor if a follow-up storyhad been filed. It had not. It was threedays later the APP bothered to let usknow what had happened to the "Ex-plorer."

I was indignant. It was-and i,s-myconsidered opini.on that the United Statesis not getting fair treatment in manyAsian newspapers. In this instance I amsupported by the front pages of every

7

Free Press on Trial _

newspaper in northern India and Paki-stan. The slightest news of Moscow getspreferential APP treatment and promi-nence in the newspapeI1s I saw. But theKarachi gang hadn't bothered to file astory about "Explorer."

I demanded that the publisher (andremember I was only a guest e'ditor)make representations to the APP inKarachi. He kept giving me an Orientalbrushoff.

About this time we had a visit fromthe Babur, largest and most powerfulship in the Pakistani navy. AdmiralH. M. S. Choudri was to speak to theRotary Club. I went to the meeting to geta few quotes from the chief of the nine.ship navy. After the speech, the Ad.miral'ssecretary clutched at my mess jacket.The admiral, he said, had learned I wasan American newsman. He would deemIt a favor if I would send the APP anaccount of his speech. The admiral hadsent his own public relations officer backto the ship when he 'learned an Americannewsman was present.

I promised to dispatch a few words toDacca. Back at the ofHce, I found thelights had failed. By candle light andin a brisk pre.monsoon gale, I put to-gether a story for our own newspaper,

BRICK ROADS-Lacking stone of any kind,East Pakistan builds roads of bricks. Here acrew is putting in a fence of brick that willhelp to hold surface in place, as sandy soilwashes badly in rainy season. At right is abamboo school for elementary classes.

then oondensed the speech into 200 wordsfor the APP. Mostly it was a speechaimed at p.ointing up the needfor maintaining a navy. For threefrustrating hours I tried to get APP totake the story and for three hours theypointedly ignored the messages. Finally,I got through by direct telephone andsome guy on the other end managed tostay awake long enough to take it down.Every newspaper on our exchange listused the item.

I cornered the publisher and demandedthat stern protest be lodged in Karachi.Then I learned the facts of life in modernPakistan.

"If I protest this, nothing will be doneabout the news coverage, but my assess-ment will surely be raised," :he explained.And if a oopy of this magazine ever getsinto APP hands in Karachi, they mightstill punish my host by raising hisassessments. Now that General Moham.med Ayub Khan has control of the coun-try, I am inclined to believe APP wouldbe more tractable. He is notoriouslyimpatient with civilian incompetence.

Of all the Pak institutions I studied,only the military seemed free of corrup.tion, 'chiseling, neopotism, skull-duggeryand plain downright dishonesty. Not allobservers will agree with me in thisview. With all his good points, thegeneral fails to unelerstand the functionsof a free press. This may be a result ofbeing badly handled by native journal-ists.

It is my judgment that the State De-partment is doing a poor job in Pakistan.Americans sent out from the UnitedStates live apart from the people, don'tbother to learn the language, live akind of nine-to-five paper-shuffling life,and don't really know what is going on.Their after-duty hours are as Ukely asnot to be spent in an officers' club wherethey meet other English-speaking whitepeople. "Diplomatic incest" an Austriancalled it.

But the men of the United States In-fonmation Service I met are doing a jobthat would make any journalist proud.The USIS is earning its own way. Oneway in Pakistan is the USIS news service.Radio reports from Manila are compiledinto mimeograph form and dilstributedto newspapers next day. It is being usedwith increasing cc>nfidence by Pakistanieditors. It has a blind spot. Stories thatwould be likely to aggravate Indian-Pak relations are blue penciled.

By contrast, some of the "Voice ofAmerica" programs border on sheer out.rage. Seated in a circle of Pakistanis andAmericans deep in the Bengali jungle, welistened to an American broadcast fromManila. After a few words of neWS about

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

________________________ Free Press on Trial

the troubled political world we weretreated to a jolly panel discussi'on of"The Negro's Place in a GrowingDemocracy."

In the part of Pakistan where the In-ternational Press Institute sent me, therewere few Americans. So the USIS askedme to conduct a six-weeks seminar injournalism. I agreed after I was assuredit would be useful to our pnint of view.During that trying period I spent two orthree hours each Friday morning facingfrom twenty to thirty-five young Paks.They are eager to ,learn, but they aremore eager to get the certiHcate presentedat the end of the period. They assessedthemselves one rupee each to buy thesehandsomely printed documents. Then Iwas t:>ld these are practically negotiable.In such a land, a certificate with a goldseal can be exchanged for employmentopportunities. I've heard from some ofthem that they now have a press club,own land and are proposing to train fivejournalists a year and help them findjobs. A magnificant gesture in a landwhere most of them won't eat regularly.

The Pakistani has a delightfully dis-arming instinct for saying exactly whatyou want to hear, but he doesn't neces-sarily believe it. Since they speak withan Oxford accent, it is too easy to be-'lieve they think as we do-but they don't.

A Pakistani newspaper likely will con-tain a great deal more editorial opinionthan it will facts. The Paks love to arguein their news and have no objections totwisting facts to fit notions.

I learned to love the ordinary Pakistani,though I have a scant regard for theelite of the country. I liked the militarymen I met. All think that one day theywill have to fight India over Kashmir,imp()rtant to West Pakistan because fourprincipal rivers head there.

"We probably can't whip India," onecolonel told me, "but we will give theblighters a run for their money."

If war cames, I would very much liketo go with the East Bengal rifles to reportwhat occurs. I wouldn't rely much on thepress reports from my Pakistani friends.

Pakistani journalism is like that.-THE END

The Decline of the RickshawBy the Associated Prels

KARACHI, Pakistan-'I1he rickshaw isdeclining and slowly disappeal'ling.

In some places this form of one humanpulling another is losing the economiccompetition to mechanical means oftransp:>rt. In other places it is beingbanned by governments.

RICKSHAWS come in two basic forms.The original, which 'supposedly was in-vented by a Ohristian missionary inJapan during the last century, consistsof a seat for two over light wheels pulledby a man trotting between 'long p:>les.Variations in Himalayan mountain re-sorts use four or five men to push, pull,or hold back going downhill.

The 20th-century Iform hitched a bicydeto the front of the seat but still employshuman leg power. In some ,parts of 'Indiabicycle ric~shaws are brightly painted linelaborate patterns.

The typical rickshaw man is weather-beaten and undernourished. His clothesare rags. Heavy veins stand out on hislegs like thick ropes. His feet are callusedand cracked. He pants heavily at work.

IN. MOST CITIES there is no fixedschedule by which the ric~shaw man ispaid. Normally, he gets about 5 cents amile.' . .' ...Rickshaws have always been used by

the Asians themselves. But they remain

ElECEMBER, '1959 ~

in the eyes of national 'leaders a symbolof Western exploitation of the Easterner.In the wave of freedom movements afterWorld War II there was a demand toabolish this importation of colonialis.m.

In countries like Indonesia the move-ment got as ,far as substitution bicyclerickshaws for some of the runner type.But most rickshaw pullers oould not ilJindother jobs.

SOME CITIES, !like New Del1hi, India,adopted the gradual system of abolitionof refusing to 'license new rickshawpuller,s. Only the tired old- men still plythe trade.

Karachi moved the other direcUon in1948. Horse-drawn dlrts, called gharriesor victorias, were the basic form of cheaptransportation when Karachi was a smallprovincial capital. There were no rick-shaws. because this is on the Westernfringe of the rickshaw zone.

Wihen Karachi became the boom-towncapital of Pakistan, more cheap trans-portation was needed. Bicycle ri'ckshawswere introduced. Now there are about15,000.. They will be banned April 1. Pakistansaid it'S decision was "guided by expertopinion of health a'nd social welfareauthorities that rickshaw pulling is' in-!human and injurious to the health of thepullers." -THE END

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Hindi Is an Intriguing language

What Wonderful Words'BY RICHARD A. WELFLE. S. F.

Take, for instance, the word 'pukka'.That's the Hindi for 'ripe'. And the directopposite is 'kachcha', meaning 'green',in the sense of 'unripe'. But those twowords 'pukka' and 'kachcha' are soelastic that they 'can be stretched to covera whole multitude of meanings. A house,for example, that is well constructed ofbrick and mortar is referred t:> as a'pukka' building, whereas one that hasonly mud walls and a thatch roof is justa 'kachcha' affair. In the same way anice paved road is 'pukka', but a rough,dirt road is very 'kachcha'. Likewise, if Ienter into a contract with another party,and the ter.ms of the agreement arelegally foolpr.oof, I can consider such acontract to be absolutely 'pukka'. If, how.ever, there is merely a gentleman'sagreement, and nothing comes of it,there isn't much that can be done aboutit, for it was only a 'kachcha' arrange.ment in the first place. Again when I amwell pleased with the new half-soles thatthe cobbler has put on my shoes, I maysing his praises by saying that he hasdone a 'pukka' job. But, if he has madea mess of them, his work is simply'kachcha', and I .might be tempted tohurl a well. aimed Shoe at the oobbler'shead. If I should be so rude as to do that,however, the cobbler could hardly beexpected toOregard me as a 'pukka sahib',-which, being interpreted, means 'aperfect gentleman'. So, I trust you beginto see just what can be done with 'pukka'and 'kachcha'.

But here is another Hindi word thatdoes double duty in perhaps a still morewonderful way. It is just a little fellowwith only these three letters; k-a-l (pro-nounced 'cuI' as in culture). The beginnerin Hindi is apt to be more than a littlebewildered when he looks this word upin the dictionary and discovers that ithas two meanings, and that those twomeanings are so far from being synon.omous that they have a full day betweenthem. I mean to say, that word 'kal'means 'yesterday', and the very samethree letters mean also 'tomorrow'. Onewonders why the genius who thoughtthat one up did not go all out and make'kal' also .mean 'today', so that it wouldcover everything, namely 'yesterday','today', and 'tomorrow'. Perhaps hefigured that he had already createdample confusion by making the sameword mean 'yesterday' and 'romorrow'.But, strangely enough, it doesn't causeany confusion at all, for in any given

10

instance the correct meaning of 'kaI' canalways be deter.mined from the context.The only time confusion arises is whena Hindi boy, who is accustomed to using'kal' fOT both 'yesterday' and 'tomorrow'in Hindi, gets them mixed up in English,and he writes a 'howler' like this; "Sincemy uncle did no,t come tomorrow, Ihope he will come yesterday."

Here is another li ttle WJTd of onlythree letters that deserves honorablemention. The three letters are: t-i.k (pro.nounced 'teek', and rhymes with 'seek').During the last world war most of theGI3 who were posted in India picked upenDugh Hindi to say: 'Tik hai', whichliterally means: 'It is correct'. But 'tikhai' is also roughly the equivalent of'Okay'. And it was in this sense that theGIs gave it a real workout, and had alot of fun doing it. But this word 'tik',like 'pukka' and kaccha', can bestretched to cover other meanings as well.For instance, when the hands of the clockindicate that it is exactly 12 o'clock noon,in Hindi it is 'tik'high noon. Likewise, ify.ou make a statement with which I en.tirely agree, I will let you know that itis absolutely 'tik' with .me.

Here perhaps is as good a place asany to mention that 'Hindi is fond ofperforming a delightful little trick whichconsists in compounding two words thatrhyme, and thereby a nice onomotopeiceffect is often achieved. That is to say,the combination of- two such words fre.quently produces a sound which at thesame time suggests the sense of whatis meant. Thus, when a thing is upsidedown, in Hindi it is said to be 'ulta pulta'.Now, if you repeat that expression acouple of times, y.ou can just see thatthe thing is 'ulta pulta',-something like'topsy turvy' in English. Likewise, whentwo things are directly opposite to oneanother, in Hindi they are 'amne samne'.But if they are right next to each other,then of course they are 'agal bagal', .or'side by side'. Again, if something occursand I do not See why in the world itshould have taken place, I can expressmy surprise in Hindi by saying that ithappened 'jhut .mut', which means 'with.out rhyme or reason'. Similarly, if I hearsomething so amazing that it leaves mesimply dumbfounded, then a mereglance would be sufficient to see that Ihave become completely 'hukka bukk a'in Hindi. And if, in addition, I amaltogether confused about the wholething, then one could also notice that Iam in a 'har bar' frame .of mind overit. Akin to this c.ompounding of words

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

--------------------What WonderfulWordsthat rhyme, is another Hindi trick thatconsists in repeating the very same word,to produce a different but kindred mean-ing. The Hindi word for 'day', for in-stance, is 'raj', But if I say that sameword twice, it of course becomes 'mj raj',,meaning 'day by day' or 'every day'.Likewise, 'thora' means a small amount,but 'thora thora' means 'bit by bit'.Again, 'kisshim' means a particular'kind' of something, but 'kisshim kisshim'means 'of various kinds'. And the word'bar', if said .only once, means precisely'once', but 'bar bar' means 'again andagain'.

It may be mentioned that Hindi is alsofond of using words is such a way as toexpress something quite commonplace ina highly imaginative and colorfulmanner. For instance, instead of merelystating the bare, drab fact that s:Jmeoneis very hungry, in Hindi it can be ex.pressed much more vividly by saying:'uske pet men chuha kudata hai', whichmeans 'there is a rat jumping about inhis stomach'. That makes the picturemuch more graphic, doesn't it? Similarly,if a boy is so clever that he is reallyprecocious, with the 1. Q. of an adult,this is expressed quite impressively inHindi, thus: 'uske pet ,men darhi hai,'which, being interpreted, means: 'the ladalready has a beard sprouting in hisstomach'. Again if someone is a very closefriend of mine, I can state this plain factmost intimately in Hindi with the ex-pression 'wah ,mera nak ka bal hai',-

and that, so help me, ,means 'he is thevery hair of my nose'. Now, I ask you,could anyone be nearer to me than thehair in the nostrils of my nose?

But of all the wonderful words inHindi, probably the one that is mostintriguing is the word 'walla'. This wordis used in so many different expressionsthat it is difficult to determine an exactEnglish equivalent. Probably 'fellow'cernes closest to it. For example, thefellow who supplies our bread is thebread 'walla', and the milkman is themilk 'walla', and the butcher is the meat'walla'. But 'walla' may also refer tosome particular 'one', whether it be man,beast, or thing. Thus, if I wish to distin.guish a brown shoe fmm a black one, Imay say: not the black ,~>ne, but thebrown 'walla'. Likewise, not the thin guy,but the fat 'walla'. And in the same way,I may describe a nice puppy or kittenas a cute little 'walla'. In fact, there ispractically nothing that can not be des-ignated as a 'walla'. Right at this very,moment, for instance, it occurs to methat just as I may refer to a man fromBombay as a Bombay 'walla', in the sameway a fel:.ow who hails from the townof Walla Walla in the state of Washing.ton is a Walla Walla 'walla'. So, nomatter what you may think about theother words that have been mentioned,I feel sure that you w1ll at least agreethat this word 'walla' is really a wonder.ful 'WALLA'. -THE END

MOST READERS who served in Calcutta, India, will remember the Howrah Bridge, shownin this picture submitted by William D. Joyce. The scene is near Howrah Station, pointof arrival for men coming into the city from ~tations along the Bengal-Nagpur Railway. Notethe overcrowded trams in background.

DECEMBER, 1959

World War II Report From Burma

Army-Trained C~nines'of eBI(From eEl Roundup)

Here's news:Dog bites man. 'Having read all the journalistic text

books, the Roundup realizes this lis asharp rontradiction of the time-hallowedaxiom. But, then, the editor who made thefamous observation about man bitingdog didn't know that one day there wouldbe -such a unit as the CBl War Dog De.tachment.

Slim, boyish, 26-year.old Lt. CharlesFallon this week told the Roundup of thefunctioning of the canine G. L's in North.ern Burma against the Japanese.. Lea~er of the unit, largest of its kindIn actlOn for the U. S. Army in this war,Fallon was armed with superlatives.

"The proof of the pudding is in theeating," declared Fallon. "Combat leadersdurin.g the North Burma campaign haveunammously lauded the dogs. And asmore concrete evidence, they've askedfor more."

He described three vivid instances inwhich members of the detachmentearned their special dehydrated horsemeat ration and justified the long monthsof training devoted to them:

"A Jap, armed with a bag of handgrenades, infiltrated into an inner perim.eter and, at midnight, had crawled as ,faras the cQ!llmand post. Fortunately, hestumbled mtoone of our dogs, chainedup near the fox hole occupied by hismaster, T/5 Delbert V. Armstrong. SogrieV'ouslydid he chew up the Jap thathe pulled a grenade 'from his bag andpulled out the pin against his OWnchest.The members of the command postaecustomed to night disturbances didn'tlearn until morning about their ~iracu.lous escape.

"Another time, Pvt. Henry J. McMullenJr:, led a patrol toward a fringe of woods:HISdog gave indication that it containeda force of enemy in greater strength thanthe patrol. They dropped back and calledfor artillery fire. Later, it was discoveredthat the force of Japs, numbering 125,was only 30 yards down the trail fromwhere the patrol turned back.

"Then there was the time a co.mmanderknew there were two Jap snipers in anarea but couldn't flush them. A patrolwas sent out with T15 Rusty Miszner,whose dog alerted him in a clearingMiszner jlfdged the Japs were 50 yard~away behmd a bush and emptied a clipof his tommygun into it. One Jap ran out

12

and was promptly dropped. Miszner'sburst into the bush had killed the other.N~ one, of course, had seen either of thesmpers, but followed the message giventhem by the dog."

The detachment; a bmnch of theQuartermaster Remount Service, consistsof one other officer besides Fallon-Lt.Geor~e G. ~iller, Jr., of Denver, Colo.,who !S t~e thIrd generation lin a family ofvetermarIans and, according to Fallon"a damn fine vet." ,

The dog handlers are enlisted menvolunteers, all of whom were aware ofthe. dangers the duty would involve. Theytr~med for at least a year, concludingWIth a concentrated "commando course"before shipping overseas. Details of thetraining, of course, are a closely guardedmilitary secret.

"It ,is needless to point .out that thekey ~o success in handling dogs is agenume love for them," said the lieuten.ant. "Additionally, a man must have in.defatigable patience, the willingness towork long hours at very routine tasks."

A dog in the Army leads a more satis.factory life than a "Nvilian" dog. Herealizes his innate desire to lavish loveand affection upon one particular ,man.He feels that his person is his man be.lon&"sto him alone. As a matter of 'fact,he IS extremely jealous. In civilian life,y.ou spend only a couple of hours dailywith your pet. The enlisted men of thedetachment spend 16 to 24 hours a daywith their dogs and accord the.m moremeticulous care than a blue ribbon win-ner.

This affection of dog for man is recip.1'O'catedto the fullest, related Fallon. Hisown life is the last thing a handler wouldlose before he would lose his dog,.whohas safeguarded him on many an occa.

CBI LAPEL PINSPrice only SI.OOeach

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Ex.eEI ROUNDUPP. O. Box' laS Laurens, Iowa

i"(

EX.CBl ROUNDUP

__________________ .Army-Trained Canines of CBI

sian. Indeed, the lieutenant has seenstrang men, praud of their manliness,break down and 'Crywhen they thaughtthey would lase their dogs.

All the animals-German shepherds,shepherd crosses, callies and Dobermans-are donatians to' Dogs for Defense, In'c.;a patriatic civilian arganizatian. Tdqualify, they must be 20 inches tall at theshoulders, mare than 50 pounds in weightand fram one to' five years old. Oddlyenough, the ,mangrels have praven aswell disciplined and alert as the purEfbreds. After the war, the dogs will revertt0' their original awners, unless theyagree to' sign them over to' their handlers."And," said' Fallon, "I know that most ofthe men' will want their animals."

Fallan, an Artillery afficer, came affmaneuvers in the United States and was

inrormed he was ane of the Ground Fmceofficers af his divisian chosen to' takethe course at, of all places, Cat Island,Miss. Upon its completion, he was to actas an adviser on war dags to' his divis~oncammander. He hasn't regretted the mave,describing his enlisted men as "the finesttype of soldier with wham I've everserved."

'.Dags have served in battle for timeimmemorial. With Julius Caeser andHannibal and 'other histarical warriars.The U. S. Marine Corps used them atBaugainville andcthe Army mare sparing.ly in the Sau~hwest Pacific. Fallan's unitis the largest ever shipped averseas, andin their primary duties as paints anpatrols and as sentries the dogs haveproven their worth a hundred times aver.

-THE END

Film to Re-Live Marauders' StoryFrom the Los Angeles Times

By AL THRASHER

The epic af the 5307t!hCampasite Unit(Pravisianal)-known to glary as Merrill'sMarauders-is ta be tald an film, and Lt.Col. Samuel V. Wilsan will have a handin the telling.

wns~>nhas come a lang way since heemerged from the Burmese jungles in theautumn af 1944,gaunt, feveriSh and suf.fering rrom dysentery, malaria andtyphus. But he had traveled a l'ong wayto' get in that canditian, most af it anfaot as the leader af an lintelligence andrecannaissance platoon ,sniffing aut theJapanese saldiers entrenched in thesteamy jungle.

Sam is nnw head of the Special War.fare Sectian School at Ft. Bragg, N. D.and is dedicated ta the teaching af theguerrilla tactics he learned at .firsthandin Bur.ma.

He is quated in "The Marauders" byCharltan Ogburn Jr., the book framwhich the script for the Warner Bras. filmis being written, an the subject of Indian.style fighting:

"In the next world war, if there is ane,we are going ta :have to' rely an Galahad.type farces-small, free. ranging unitsunhampered by fixed ties with theirbases. The massing af armies is aut inan era af atomic weapans. And if thegiants cut base and pummel each atherinta fragments with ,missiles,. what'sthere going to' be left to' fight with but

DECEMBER,;1959.

small farces able ta wage war withautbenefit af big industrial ba.ses?"

The "Galahad" reference is fram Mer.rill's Burmese campaign and related ef-farts, known afficially in the Army asProject Galahad. ' 1

The script far the movie is under prep.aratian by screenwriter Charles Schnee.Wilsan and other members af the ma.rauders have been .called an ta briefSchnee an the campaign and probablyta lend technical advice after shootingbegins. Miltan Sperling will be the pro.ducer.

Wilson, fresh.faced and yauthful laak.ing, would never be recagnized taday asthe scarecraw wha emerged fram the lastbattles-araund the great Japanese air.base af Myitkyina-15 years aga.

In fact, he must laok taday much ashe did when 'he first valunteered farGalahad in 1943. He is described byOgburn as being then "a y!outh ruddyand fair af cauntenance."

But he still is the very mcdel af theprofessianal soldier and dedIcated ta thebelief that the highly trained, heavilyarmed 'Small mabile farce, able tapenetrate 0'1' drap behind enemy lines,arganize guerrilla bands and oonductwarfare without regular supply anddirectian, is the hape af the future.

As a memberaf Merrill's Maraudershe is am(lious to' insure that the forth.coming mavie is a faithful telling oftheir agany and af their triumph; are.cord of a glorious past and a blueprintfar the future. -THE END

13

Plaque at Arlington National Cemetery

A Tribute to Heroes of CBIHonoring the dead of the CBI Theater,

the China.Burma.lndia Veterans Associa.tion has presented a plaque to the Arl'ing.ton National Cemetery for permanentdisplay in the Trcphy Room at the ceme.tery.

The plaque was presented in a formalceremony conducted October 31, byNational Commander Harold H. Kretch-mard the CBI.VA in conjunction withthe Joseph W. Stilwell Basha of Wash.ingtcn, D. C. Participating in the cere.mony were the military attaches of thee.mbassies of Pakistan, India, Ceylon,Burma, Nationalist China and Britain.

DeLve:ing the principal addresses wereMajor General M. Hayaud Din, dean ofthe military attaches, who led a divisionof Indian tr:ops in the British armies inBurma during World War II, and Nation.al C~mmander Kretchmar.

The general pointed out that our en.gagement in the war was the combinedeffort of several nations against a com.mon enemy and that the l:}sses on bothsides were tremendous. He especially'Cited the bsses in Burma, in both livesand property. He suggested that theformer comrades-in. arms should .combinetheir efforts for the establishment of abetter and more lasting peace.

C:,mmander Kretchmar stated that theheroes who wer,e being 'honored were notonly those who fell in combat but alsothose who lost their lives in !D,ther en-deavors, since b~th were striving. towardthe same goals and purposes. He stated

THIS PLAQUE is now on display in the TrophyRoom of Arlington National Cemetery.

14

FOLLOWING presentation of the plaque atArlington National Cemetery, National Com-mander Harold H. Kretchmar (left) wasinterviewed over Radio Station WWDC inWashington, on the Steve Allison program.Allison (right) is himself a CBI veteran, andhas a large listening audience in the Washing-ton, Baltimore and Richmond area.

. ,also that CEl veterans have an obligationto create better understanding and rela-tionship between our people and thepeoples of the Far East.

Members of the CEl.VA from a widearea of the country, along with hundredsof spectators, viewed the ceremony. Theformal procession, led by the NationalC~mmander and the Superintendent ofthe Trop'hy Room, included the militaryattaches and the officers of the StilwellBasha. The pm'cession moved from theTrophy Room, where the addresses weremade, to the tomb of the UnknownSoldier of World War II, flanked by a40.man honor guard from Fo,rt Meyer, Va.

At the tomb, Commander Kretchmarstepped forward and accepted the plaquefrom a military bearer. Moving t~ apedestal before the tomb, :he announcedthat the trophy was being presented bythe CEl-VA in memo,ry of the fallenheroes who gave their lives in China,Burma and India during World War II.

Immediately following this ceremony,members of the CEl- VA and the militaryattaches paid homage at the graves ofGenerals Joseph W. Stilwell and ClaireL. Chennault, two of the .most outstand.ing leaders in the CBI Theater duringthe war.

Ex.eBI ROUNDUP

Edited by BOYD SINCLAIR

THE TRUMAN-MACARTHUR CONTRO-VERSY AND THE KOREAN IF'AR. By JohnT/". Spanier. Hart'ard University Press, Cam-bridge, October 1959. $6.00.

The professor of palitical science at theUniversity of Fbrida rounds up thepublished facts about the President andhis general. Both scholarly and interest-ing.

MAO TSE-TUNG AND I WERE BEGGARS.By Siao-yu. S)'ramse University Press, Syractlse,November 1959. $6.00.

The story of a student friendship be-tween the author and the Oammunistleader of China in Hunan Province 40years ago at a time when Mao wasbeginning to swing toward Communism.

THE COM M UN 1ST PERSUASION. ByEleutherius Winace. P. J. Kenedy and Sons, NewYork, October 1959. $3.95.

The harassment, regimentation, andhumiliation of a Belgian monk and col-lege professor by the Chinese Reds. Heis now professor of philosophy at St.John's University, Collegeville, Minne-sota.

TWENTY SECONDS TO LIVE. By Eliza-beth Land. E. P. Dutton and Company, NewYork, October 1959. $3.25.

Originally titled "The Biggest Thing inthe Sky," this is the story of Air ForceLieutenant James Obenauf, who did W:hatthey said -couldn't be done-land acrippled B.47 safely by himself.

THE TIGER HOUSE PARTY. By EmilyHahn. Doubleday and Company, New York,November 1959. $3.50.

A charming, quiet, and intelligent re-port on the deposed maharajahs androyalty of India, their past splendor, theiwny of their present, and the color andcontradiction of their last days.

THE LIBERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES.By Samuel E. Morison. little, Brown and Com-pany, Boston, November 1959. $6.50.

This is Volume 13 of "The NavalHistory of World War II," consisting ofkamikaze attacks on convoys, Navysupport of Philippine -beachheads, andthe sweep into the China Sea.

DECEMBER, 1959

FROM PAGAN. TO CHRISTIAN. By LinYutang. World Publishing Company, Cleveland,October 1959. $3.50.

The distinguished Chinese philasophertells how he was bc-rn into a Christianfamily, lived for a time absorbed ~inChinese thought and belief, then returnedto Christianity.

THE W" AR LOVER. By John Hersey. AlfredKnopf, New York. October 1959. $5.00.

A novel about the crew of a FlyingFortress stationed in England shortlybefcre D-Day in World War II-the men'sfears, feuds, loves, and hopes. Andfinally, the t.est of their courage.

TOUR OF DUTY. By Walter J. Sheldon. J. B.Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, October 1959.$3.95.

The author, a radio executive stationedin Japan, writes a wa-rkmanlike, convinc-ing story of conflict between Japaneseand the Air Force in Japan. Fiction, witha sympathetic view of Japan.

GUSTY'S CHILD. By Alice Tisdale Hobart.Longmans, Green and Company, New York,September 1959. $5.00.

The autobbgraphy of the author of"Oil for the Lamps of China" and o-t:herbooks, her life in China as an oil execu-tive's wife, one full of color and adven-ture, and at times, terrible peril.

ONLY YESTERDAY. j3y Maria Dermout.Simon and Schuster, New York, September 1959.$3.50.

Another nostalg:ic story of life in Javaat the beginning of the century by theDutch author of "The Ten Thousandthings." It is a novel of childhood andyoung girlhood.

THE STREET OF THE LAUGHING CAMEL.B)' Ben Lucian Burman. McGraw-Hill Book Com-pany, New York, September 1959. 3.95.

A laughable little story about a TexasGI who stays in North Africa after WorldWar II and opens a laundry. He losesthe laundry, wins a wife, and meets anumber of colorful characters.

THE YELLOW WIND. By William Steven-son. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Octo-ber 1959. $6.00.

The author, formerly of The TorontoStar and now a reporter for the CanadianBroadcasting Corporation, gives an ac.count of six years in and around RedChina. Twenty-five photographs.

S.O.P.H.I.A. By Pierre Boulle. The VanguardPress, New York, October 1959. $3.75.

Another story of Malaya by the authorof "The Bridge Over the River Kwa:i."The characters are the personnel of alarge French rubber company. Businessbureaucracy in the jungle. Ironic.

15

Behind the Bamboo Curtain

Three Insights of Red China(Reprinted from Maryknoll)

BY ALBERT J. NEVINS, M. M.

It was a check point on the borderbetween Hong Kong and Red China. Wewere there for several hours. It was ourseoond visit, made to confirm someearlier observations. We watched truckafter truck co.me and go, and always itwas the same. The trucks 'Co.mingfromRed China were heavily loaded withgoods-a thousand and one differentitems from radios to imitation fur caats.The trucks returning to Red China rosehigh on their springs because of theiremptiness.

Another day as we sat having lunchon a hotel terrace that looked over theNew Territories, we saw two railroadtrains on the Kowloon-Canton Railway.The first returning to China went pastwith all the dams of the freight carswide-open. There was something patheticas the train rumbled. emptily by, as ifa purpose was unfulfilled. A half-hourlater another train ground past, this timein the direction of Kowloon. The doorswere sealed, and the train labored upthe slight incline because of its heavyload.

Only some trucks and a pair of trains.But the lesson was obvious. Dealingswith the Communist world were one-sided. The Reds were dumping theirslave labor goods On the free-worldmarket. Refugee-crowded Hong K'ong hadto send its own products to the West.Recognition of Red China by the Britishmeant an agreement all in favor of theCommunists. The expected trade nevermaterialized.

The police station sits On top of a highhill overlooking the border. From thisvantage point, Hong Kong police cankeep watch over miles and miles ofborder. At the foot of the hill, runningdown to a river and bordered by a fencecapped with barbed wire, are some ofthe neat farms of the New Territories.Varying in different shades of green,the patchwork of farmlands shows theindividuality of the owners. Here andthere, farmers worked in the fields.

Across the barbed-wire fence beycndthe river, an army of people worked inthe communal fields of Red China. Therewas no individuality there. The earthstretched in a singular brOWnmononany,unbroken by divisions or separations'.

16

The people labored in a single group,organized and regimented.

Here, too, was a contrast, pointing upthe difference between freedom andslavery, between individual ownershipand collectivism. The scene held a lessonfor the free Wlorld-a lesson that needsto be dramatized. and often retold.

The last view was on the waterfront ofMacao, in an area where outsiders arerarely permitted. Directly opposite, theCommunists were building a tremendouscauseway. Thousands of Chinese slaveslabored at the project. They covered thecauseway like an army of ants. Uniform-ed and armed guards marched back andforth superviSing the work. At regularintervals along the causeway, sentryboxes were manned by additional armedguards. To make escape impossible, afast gunboat cruised .back and forththrough the waters near the causeway.Here was the true story behind RedChina's material progress, a story ofhuman degradation and slavery.

A few days later some of the slavesrebelled at the hard work. Horrifiedspectators in free Macao watched apublic trial take place in the Communistvillage on the opposite side of the harbor.Three Chinese kneeling in the villagesquare were the victims. The verdict wasnot unexpected. The rebellious slaveswere shot.

These are but a few brief insightsbehind the bamboo curtain viewed bythis writer within the past severalmonths. Little things in themselves, theyreveal the monstrosity that is Red China,a monstrosity we are asked to recognizeand sit down with. -THE END

Tell Your Friends

About

Ex-eBI Roundup

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

Sews dispatches from recent issues ofThe Calcutta Statesman

NEW DELHI-Recent studies and sur-veys in areas as wide apart as Darjeelingin West Bengal, Khetri in Rajasthan andKurnool in Andhra indicate the existencein India of rich deposits .of copper. TheKhetri belt, it is now established, is atleast 16 to 20 miles long. On the basisof drilling, the copper ore deposits in asmall block of the belt are of,ficiallyestimated to be as large as 28 milliontans.

BOMBAY-A pigeon which as a chiicksix months ago settled on a Japaneseship when it docked in Bombay hastraveled over 14,000 miles .on that ship,and is back here. The pigeon flies ashorefor a few hours at ports of call, "gets itsfriends ab.oard and bids them good-byejust as the ship leaves the shore."

NEW DELHI-A spokesman of theUnion Ministry of Commerce and Industryreports that, by 1961, from 93 to 94 percent of the parts repuired for the manu.facture of a motor car w.ould be producedin India.

DUM DUM-It was reported here by UThin Han, Burmese Minister for TradeDevelopment, that Burma would supplyan additional 150,000 tons of rice to Indiain the current year. Under the 1956 Indo.Burmese rice agreement, India was toimport from Burma three million tons ofrice over a period of five years. Burma'scommitment was 300,000 tons for 1959and 350,000 tons for 1960.

DELHI-Production of diesel locomo-tives is to start in India Shortly with therailroad authorities' decision to go aheadwith indigenous manufacture in thisfield, following the achievement of self-'sufficiency in steam looomotives. Ordershave been placed for 90 diesel locomo-tives with three Indian en~ineering firmsin ,colloboration with West German andU. S. manufacturers.

CALCUTTA-A new planetaI1ium, thebiggest in Southeast Asia, is to be builtin Calcutta by December, 1960. It will bebuilt by the Birla Education Trust at acost of Rs 20 lakhs. Equipment, includingthe projector and the 80-ft. prefabricateddome of the building, has arrived fmmEast Germany. The giant spherical domeof the circular building will be shaped

DECEMBER, 1959

after the famous Buddhist stupa ofSanchi, with storie railings around it. Theplanetarium will have permanent exhibi.tion galleries, a lecture hall and a library.

NELORE-Mr. Nehru told a publicmeeting here that he wanted .ownershipof land to remain with the peasantpro'prietors-"whether it is service 'cooper.atives or joint farming." He made it clearthat under no circumstances would pea.sants be compelled to take to joint farm.ing. Service caoperatives would be thefirst step in every village, he said. Thenwherever the people wanted they couldgo to the next step-j:;'int farming.

LAHORE-Thirty-nine smugglers wereshot dead by West Pakistani policemenduring the last nine months, accordingto Brigadier S. Khan, Director-General ofWest Pakistan Border Police. Aircraft and400 trained dogs will be employed alongthe Indo-Pakistani border to tighten upanti.smuggling measures.

MADRAS-The new Avro-748 turbo.jettransport aircraft, to be manufactured inIndia lin collaboration with a British firmin Manchester, is expected to be put into.operation during the latter haU of 1960.The new aircraft will gradua'lly repla'cethe present Dakotas in the country. Itwill be manufactured in Kanpur whereIndia's second aircraft factory is beingbuilt. After meeting the country's needs,India expects to export the new type ofaircraft to foreign countries.

GANGTOK-Sikkim is to build nextyear one of the world's highest 'Suspen.sion bridges over the Rangrang Rivergorge in north Sikkim. The bridge willhave a span of nearly 300 feet, with adepth of nearly 2,000 feet. Highest inAsia, the bridge will link Mangan Bazarin north Sikkim d:rom Phodong Busty upto which point a new motorable road hasbeen bum. The road will be ready by1966.

CALCUTTA-Residents of Bur d wantown have asked that something be doneabout rehabilitation of 100,000 pigeons inthe Raj Estate there. The pigeons havelost their homes-said to be a centuryold-in the palace which has been givenby the Maharajadhiraja Bahadur ofBurdwan a's a gift to the West BengalGovernment to house a new university.A wall 100 feet high and 300 yards 'long,with thousands of holes in it, formerlysheltered the birds but was recentlybroken down by the new owners of thepalace. Driven from their homes, thepigeons are now living on 1100fsof near.by houses. 'I1he pigeons have been anattraction to visitors at Burdwan 'sinceseveral rare species were brought fromKahalgaon, Bihar, nearly 150 years ago.

17

To The Editors _

MEMBERS af the family af the deceased gather araund thebady an charpay at burning ghat in Calcutta. SalOnafter thispicture was taken the body was placed on the wood in fore-ground to be burned. Photo by Joel H. Springer, Jr.

FOUR Americans in the mauntains narth af Haiwatze, Chinastap ta visit with a native af the area. Phata by BlOb McClure:

Memory-Hungry! National Reunion• Even though "The Fly- • Official dates of theing Tigers and Me" took up 1960 national CBIVA re-an awful lot of the Novem. union are August 3, 4, 5 andber issue, it was certa'inly 6 at Cedar Rapids, Iowaa fine piece of literature with headquartel'3 at thefor an old "me.mory-hun. Roosevelt Hotel. Th'is hotelgry" CBI-er. Spent two isn't as large as reunionyears in China with the hotels 'O,fthe past ,five y'ears,14th Air Force and it's too so "better be safe 1Jhandarned seldom that I see s::>rry" and get yJour roomanything in newspapers reservations now. Sendand magazines that remind them to Reunion Chairmanme of my service days. Leo Miner, 2449 DeborahHaven't seen one man from Drive in Cedar Rapids,.myoid outfit since leaving Iowa, or direct to the hotel.Shanghai lin 1946. Roundup LEO MINER,is a w::>nderful little maga. Cedar Rapids, Iowazine. Keep up the goodwork.

JERRY G. DREW,San Diego, Calif.

Colonel Shallman Dies• Lt. Col. Morton Shall.man, 44, died recently atFort Head, Tex., where hewas on active duty withthe U. S. Army as an oral-surgeon. He served duringWorld War II in China wi1Jhthe 13th Medical BattaNonand returned to privatep.floctice in Chicago at theend of the war. In 1950 hewas recalled to active duty.Survivors include his wife,two daughters and a s::>n.He wi1l be remembered by,many as a wonderful com.rade in arms.E. J. FEINHANDLER, M. D.Ohicago, Ill.

John Bowler Dies• Have recently learnedIOfthe death On October 26of John F. Bowler, a CBIveteran and one Qf yourRoundup subscribers. Hishome was at Ventura, CaNf.

CHARLES FANTLE,Salt Lake City, Utah

Knock on the Door• Since last year everyday has been a challenge.The Old Man knocked atmy door. I wa's there allright, and I thought forawhile he wouldn't give mea furlough. But he did. Sodon't get old and have astroke. I note that on No-vember 19th 1Jhe Old Sargehit 65. Yike, it doesn't seempossible! Just a yesterday Igot mine in the 'lVIueseArgonne, and a day or tWlOafter I was up on the Hump.Now here I am, an oldman. I am very muchinterested :in your meetingnext summer. Since everyday is a challenge, I madethe Legion convention inMinneapolis in August.Marched tJhe 3 % miles andand was back to work thenext week.

A. K. SERUMGARD, Sr.Helena, Mont .

We'll be looking for youat Cedar Rapids.-Eds.

18 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

_____________________ ~ __ To The Editors

EMBLEM of Gita, at the Biria Temples in New Delhi. Gitais the holy book of the Hindus as preached by Lord Krishnaabout 5000 years ago to Arjuna the Warrior. Photo byDushyant V. Patel.

Sometimes old CBlers for-get to write.-Eds.

Praise for Scott• Allow me to congratu-late you G'n publishingGeneral Scott's article, "TheFlying Tigers and Me," inyour November issue. AsI am not a reader of Saga,I would have missed thestory had you not reprintedit. This one article is wellworth the cost of a year'ssubscription. General Scottha'S a message that shouldrea'ch every American!

R. C. MORRISON,Omaha, Nebr.

Back From Rome• Have learned recentlythat Father Ed ward R.Glavin, National CBIVAChaplain, has I' e t urn e dfrom Europe. He was inRome for the 100th anni.versary celebration of the'American College. Our goodpadre sure gets amund.Also learned recently thatBill Ziegler, Past NationalCommander and this year'srecipient of the "most valu-able player award" on theCBIVA team, had been illbut now,' although runninga little 'Slower, is none theless still in the running.HAROLD H. KRETCHMAR,National CommanderMaplewood, Mo.

CLOCK tower at West China Union University, which waslocated at Chengtu, China. Photo by Bob McClure.

Store 'Manager British General Dies• For those who might • Major General Thoma'Scare, I am now manager Wynford Rees, 55, who ledof a large Kroger Store here BriNsh and Indian soldiersin Kokomo. Sure would like in the battle of Burma, diedto hear fmoffi some of the in London Oct. 15. Accord.old gang. ing to the newspaper arti.

JIM (JAY) FAY, cle, he was known to his1914 Windsor Drive tl100PS as "Dagger Rees." HeKokomo, Ind. commanded the 19th Indian

division and won fame forhis part in the captur,eofMandalay from the Japa.nese. Thought maybe someof the fellows might haveknown him.

CHARLES LUDEN,Bridgeport, Conn.

Reader's Criticism• Allow me to castigateyou on the November issue.It was the worst. Don't y.outhink it's laying it on justa little heavy to devote 14pages of a 20.page issue(covers excluded) ~() onestory-regardless of howgood you migtht rate suchan article. We didn't think1:1000 much of it. Our argu.ment has been-thru theyears-that the readers ofRoundup are more interest.ed in four or five lines fromold CBIers than four orfive pages ,of would.be epicswhose feature 'is usually theprofuse and prominent dis.'play of the ,pronoun '1'.However, criticism is onlymeant to be constructiveand the six-page Novemberedition was on a par withmost past issues. A'lwayslooking ,forward to biggerand better Roundups.

AL IHDE,Nutley, N. J.

DECEMBER, 1959 19

To The Editors---------------.:..--------

D~lONATING a Jap dud an riverbank in China fallawing

Cra1 .of hAugust 23, 1944. U. S. Army phato fr~m Charlesunmng am, j\f. D.

WORKER is shown makingPhoto by George J. Johns.

2091h Engineers• Your June cover pic-ture showing men of the209th Engineers construct.ing the Bailey bridge overthe Taiping makes me feelyoung again. Those werethe days when we reallyput in a day's work!

JOHN A. STURGIS,Meriden, Conn.

Leoking for Hohner• Am trying to obtainthe address of an ex-CBler,William G. Hohner fromKansas. We were on shiip.ment No. GS454-A from HCompany, 124th Infantry.He is a wonderful fellowand I would appreciate get.ting his address again.

WM. R. HADDOCK,1101 So. Evers St.Plant City, Fla.

Hobbie Tezpur• Even th,mgh the reportis negative I thought memobers of the aId 86th ServiceSquadron, 52nd ServkeGroup, might like to' hearthe general content of a re-port I received f'mm theArchbishop of Bangaloreconcerning Hcbbie Tezpur,wham the squadron adoptedand later placed in the careof the Archbishap. Appar-ently he wa'S last heard1'I1omin late 1957 when hemarried and settled dawnin a cQmmunal settlementknown as Ooty, which is adistrict of Vellore, abaut 100

bricks near Ramgarh, India.

miles east of BangalarePrior to' that he ran awayfrom several private 'schools!he ~hurch had placed IhimIll, mcluding a bay's bat.talion. The 'Church alsohelp~d set h'im up in busi-ness m Vellore Which lastedabout a year. The Rev.Thomas Pothacamury hashad nO' word on Hobbie'swhereabaut'S since thenbut has promised to' try t~trace him down. If I re-ceive further word I willpass it an to' this columnfor those whO' may beinterested.

JOEL P. BUFFINGTON,Auburn, Wash.

November Cover• I studied the cover pic.ture far Navember issuewhich showed Chi n e s ~troops marching towardLungling in 1944. Wonderhaw many of those same"kids" were fighNng ourtI10aps in Korea a few yearsback?

HARVEY A. SHEMANSpringfield, N. J. '

Department Officers~ Ohio Department of.flcers of CBIVA for the cur.rent year were installed ata meeting On ColumbusOct. 25. They are Howard R.Clager, Day tan, Command.er; John E. Thamas, Colum.'bus, Senior Vice Command.er; Edward Stipes, ToledoJunior Vice Commander:Robert Dunbar, Columbus'Finance Officer; Franci~Oberhauser, Toledo, JudgeAdvocate; James Carl Co.lumbus, Provost Mar~haI'Laui'S Beyersmith, Toledo'Public Relations Officer;E,,:"erett Bush, Taledo, Chap.lam; and. ~uise Clager,Dayton, IilstOrIan. Appoint.ees to' assist the Public Re.lations Officer are DickPoppe, Cincinnati; JahnWiilson, Columbus' and JoeNivert, Youngstow~.

HOWARD CLAGER,Dayton, OhiO'

20 EX.CBI ROUNDUP

_____________________ -:--_To The Editors

YOUNG INDIANS walk the rails near Camp Kanchrapara,north of Calcutta. Photo by George J. Johns.

CHINESE TROOPS crossing Shweli River near Nam~kam inJanuary, 1945. U. S. Army photo from Charles Cunningham,M.D.

"Corn State" Meeting• I feel sure that the 90who attended the Carl F.Mcerschel Basha get-to-gether on Oct. 24.25 willhighly recommend comingto the "Cern State" fm the1960 national CBIVA Re-union. This was also thela-rgest turnout fc'r a fallmeeUing of our basha.Nat ion a lCD' m ,man del'Hamid Kretchmar and Na-tional A d jut ant G e n eBrauer addressed the group,as did Past National Com-mander Les Dencker. A pastnational American LegionChaplain, the Rev. AlbertHoffman of Dubuque, gavethe invocation. A banquet,dance, bus tour of Dubuqueand a smo'rgasbord, plusAmana refreshments, high-lighted t~e two.day affair.All Iowa officers were onhand plus Mrs. Carl Moer-schel, widow of the CBIveteran after whom ourbasha is named.

RAY ALDERSON,Dubuque, Iowa

Cover to Cover• C e I' t a i n I y enjoy the.magazine-I read it fromc)ver to cover, and lo:)kforward to receiving itevery month.

CLARENCE H. SMITH,Charlevoix, MiCh.

Shebault Passes• Just received word thatM03e Shebault, former clerk'in the Signal office at NewDelhi, died of pneumon'iain September.

CHARLES Z. HOGUE,Mobile, Ala.

C::mcer Claims CBI.er• One of the men whowent on Rc,undup's 'round-the world t:)ur to India in1955 has died of cancer. Hewas Al Brown of Detroit.

SYLVIA EASTON,Detroit, Mic'h.Ohio Meeting

• On behalf of aU OhioDepartment members, I'dlike to take this opportun-ity to invite neighboringbashas and anyone in andaround Ohio to attend ourDecember 12 Ohio meetingin Toledo. This will be adinner meeNng at FrankiesTavern, 308 East MainStreet, East Toledo. Dinnerfpe,m the menu at 7 p.m.,followed by an early-even-ing business meeting andthen whatever s:)cial plansthey 'surprise us with.

HOW ARD CLAGER,CommanderDept. of Ohio

Collector's I"em• One of our sahibs. EmilTessari, has a set cf fla~s-,:)ne is the American flagand the other the Chin2seNationalist-both beinq; thefir3t to be raised and flownat the signing of the libera-tion of China. He is willingto present them to a recog-nized collector of suchitems.

JOHN A. CARLSON,CommanderChicago BaSha, CBIVA

3llth Bomb Group• Was 'in the CBI Theaterwith the 311th Bomb Group,530th Squadron.

RAY W. SMITH,Brownsville, Pa.

DECEMBER, 1959 21

Commander's

Message

by

Harold H.Krelchmar

National CommanderChina-Burma-India

Veterans Assn.

Ding Hoa:

The end of October and the first partof November were eventful, gratifying,rewarding and a proud period in thisbusy office I have assumed. Should thebalance of my ter.m be drudgery, I willstill feel the events which transpired inthis brief period have been compensatingfor any labors, lost sleep and exaspera-tion I might endure. Was forewarnedthere would be Iheadaches involved inthis office but also that there would becompensating rewards. The headacheshaven't been chronic but from t~e stand.point of rewards ",my cup runneth over."

On October 23rd, attended the electionand installation .ofoHicers of the ChicagoBasha. This was a wonderful as well asenjoyable affair and 'it was exhileratingto again be with old friends and to dis.oover new ones. John A. Carlson waselected commander and Bill Hendrickswas elected adjutant. I departed Chicagoconvinced this will be an eventful andprogressive year f.or the basha.

October 24th and 25th were spent asthe guest of the Carl F. Moershal Bashaof Iowa. As I learned on my last visit tothis statewide meeting, these are eventswhich are reunions in minature. RayAlderson and his cohorts put on an eventwhich was interesting as well as joyous.Again I had the opportunity to be amongfriends but this was the first real oppor.tunity I had to get together with NeilMaurer, the editor of this magazine andsize him up. Am convinced that we have

This space is contributed to the CBIV A byEx-CBI Roundup as " service to the manyreaders who are members of the Assn., of whichRoundup is the official publicatioll. It is im./}()rtant to remember that CBIV A alld Round.up are eIItirel)' separate organizations. Yoursubscription to Roundup does not entitle )'outo ,membership in CBIV A, nor does )'our mem-bership in CBIV A entitle )'ou to a subscriptionto Roundup. You need not be a member ofCBIV A in order to subscribe to Roundup andl'ise lJersa.-Eds.

22

much in common and we are b.oth inter.ested in CBIers as those who shared awonderful experience with us.

The most rewarding event was my tripto Washington, D. C., on October 31stfor the purpose of making the presenta.tion of the CEI. VA plaque to the Tl'o'phyRoom of A'flington National Cemetery.This was one of the proudest moments ofmy life and I only regret that every CBIveteran wasn't there to participate in it.The ceremony was m::>re than I haveever anticipate'd, and a full measure ofcredit is deserved by George V. Selwyn,commander, John F. McGuire, adjutant,and Albert Ginsberg and Col. Hill Mur-ray, past commanders, all of the Jos. W.Stilwell Basha of Washington,

On the evening of the 31st, I and manyother CBlers were guests of the StilwellBasha at a cocktail party at the PakistanEmbassy after which many of the sa~ibsand me.msahibs adjourned to the PekingRestaurant where I appeared on the SteveAllison pmgram over radio stationWWDC. Steve is a former Calcutta c.om.mando and will soon join our ranks. Re.port on the presentation went out overAssociated Press wire so we did gainsome publicity as a result .of this visit.

Too, W:hile on this trip I had a chanceto talk with Dick Ingles of the Frank D.Merrill Basha of Baltimore and he as.sured me he would do all possible tostimulate activity withiin that group.Unfortunately Dick was injured in anauto accident some 'time ago and hasn'tbeen able to put forth his usual efforts.

On November 14th the national execu.tive meeting was held in St. Louis. Atthis well attended meeting, severalproblems vital to our organization werediscussed and resolved. Some of the moreimportant ,issues will ,be covered in mynext message.

Would like to call to the attention .ofall basha finance officers that thenationalorganizatbn and all bashas aretax exempt under Section 50lCc) (4) ofthe Internal Revenue Code. Under thisexemption each unit is required to fileForm No. 990 with the District Directorof Internal Revenue in the district wherethe unit is located. This must be doneannually. Each basha must determineits fiscal year, preferably to correspondwith the term of its officers and returnsshould be -filed for this period.

Urge all bashas to submit a completelist of their current officers to GeneBrauer, P. O. Box 1848, Milwaukee 1,Wise., giving the addresses of the com.mander and the adjutant. Many bash asare now putting out news letters and wewould like to have an exchange of thesebetween the units. By this means we maybe able to get an exchange of ideas.

HAROLD H. KRETCHMAR,National Comman'der

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

_____________________ ""!"'""_To The Editors

RICE farming in Southern Kwangsi Province of China. Photoby William E. Main.

CBI Veteran Drowns• Harold Green, 33, ofHamburg, N. Y., a CBI vet.eran, drowned '~ate in thesummer when hIS boat ,cap.sized after he had aided afellow fisherman in thechoppy waters of Lake Er}e.A tow line thrown to a dIS-abled b:>at tangled in tihep:-opelkr of his own b.oat,and a huge wave capsIzedthe b:,at as he was untang-ling it. Apparently he wasstruck on the head by theoutb~,ard motor as it turnedover. Mr. Green was born linToledo, Ohio, was graduatedfrom Hamburg High School,and after his Army servicewas graduated from. theUniversity I:)f Denver. SInce1953 he had been a costacco~.mtant for the RepublicSteel QQ. His wife and twochildren are among the'survivors.

JOSEPH M. OVERFIELD,Kenmore, N. Y.

L~oking for Buddies• Am an Ex-CBI and justran into a fellow I soldier-ed with in China. He toldme about the magazine ...wish I had known aboutit before. Would like tohear from some of my ol.dbuddies of the 14th AIrForce.

DA:RIS E. ZIMMER,RD NO.7, Williams Rd.Erie, Pa.

Renewing Acquaintances• My wife, ,for.merly anurse with the 73rd Evac-uatkm Hospital and 22ndField Hospital (her maidenname was Beatrice L.Crisler), and I enjoy everyissue of Ex-CBI Roundup. Iwas a lieutenant with 24thMM Ordnance Co., servingapproximately 2lh years inIndia and Burma. In thepast year or so I have ~adthe pleasure of reneWIngacquaintance with myformer CO, Capt. Guy E.Warner, Jr., and with Lt.Robert E. Johnson, Lt.Rupert F. O~"', 1st Sgt.James CUIjryand Sgt. RobertFreeman'. Howard Scott,your fmmer staff arti'St, wasa member of the 24thOrdnance MM Co. Wouldappreciate hearing fromformer members of the 24th.

ALBERT A. SKARUP A,933 25th StreetSanta Monica, Calif

PYTHON, 12 feet in length, is pictured after eating a jackal.This meal would last him about three weeks. Photo taken atRamgarh, India, in 1944 by George J. Johns.

Still Enjoying It Still in Reserve• Am still enjoying each • Was former transp~T-issue and Y'8U may be. as- tation officer and com.sured I will be a SubscNber manding officer, 2472nd QMas long as the magazine Truck Co., XX BJmber Com-exists. It is most remark. mand, stationed at Khar.able in that I fully e~pected agphur, India. Als:> assist-its demise in a bnef few ant defense 'Counsel foryear,s and the qua.1ity has genera1 court ,of XX Bomberimproved. My heartIest con. Command. Now in generalgratulations, and one of practice of law lin Bates.these years I may attempt ville, Ark., and would bea contribution. delighted to hear from any

JEANNE B. HILLEN of the old outfit. Am nowCaptain, A.N.C. commanding officer ?fMineral Wells, Tex. 318th Military CensorshIp

Detachment wi11h rank ofmaj::lr, Ar.my Intelligence,USAR.

CALDWELL T. BENNETT,Barnett BuildingBatesville, Ark.

DECEMBER, 1959 23

~JQU0!7~~~~~ ;'?.::!";'?.::!"'Q;';)F;'?j,O?~UDt:!'~~.i)I!.;q~.::!";,?M ;,?,;ii'"'l?~

I Give India Brass This Christmas! ~~~ AS A CBI-er, you couldn't find a more ~.. appropriate or less expensive gift to

~

'. give this year than this beautiful, ~'.'hand-engraved brassware from India.Our prices-to CBI-ers only-are lower ~

':i.i than ever, we pay the postage. Check .~ the items listed on this page and see':i.i if you don't agree it's a good bet! Order ~~ early for prompt delivery. ~

~

~.'. No. 199. Taj Mahal trivet. 6'4". on four ~~:.'legs. beautifully hand-carved and hand-en-graved. Gorgeous piece for the CBI-er'shome, your price onl~' $2.95 each. ~

~No. 179. Candy or Nut Bowl, 4", engraved

~.'. on outside, highly polished inside. your~.~ price onl~' $1.85 ea.,h. ~

i ~~

6" ~10" AFTABA ~

~

'.' 12" $6.50 Cigarette Urn with built-in ash tray, $2.15 ~.9" _...__...._... . $3.75 Ladies' Powder Box 3", $1.95: Shoe Ash

~ 5" . $1.95 Tray 3", .,l5c. ~

~ ~

i ii ii i~'.: No. 19,; Strirw of 6 Bells, all different, $2.95; No. 184 Salt and Pepper, $2.50 pr.; No. 133 ~.'.~ Calendar 40-Years, $2.50. ~

i i~ ;I VO~ ~

~6" pl'. $ 3.25 ~1;" pl'. $ 5.50 •

til: 10" ------- pl'. $ 8.50 Tncense R"rnpr with '. .-'l 12" --------pl'. $11.50 bell in lid, $1.00. 1646 Lawrence St. Denver 2. Colo. ~~~~~7~~~~:P:7r~:P:7r~-P::i1~~~~:P:7r~-P:7::P:7r~.p:~f:.\