David Newman From Near to Far The Universeffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/Space.talk.pdfFrom Near to Far David...
Transcript of David Newman From Near to Far The Universeffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/Space.talk.pdfFrom Near to Far David...
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The Universe: From Near to Far
David NewmanPhysics Department
University of Alaska - Fairbanks
March 9, 2000
What is Space?Why should we care?How can we study it?Where are the questions?
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Science and Education
…if you tell me I listen … if you teach meI learn … if you involve me I remember …
(Jim Diaz quoting Ben Franklin)
Outreach and education are intrinsicallylinked
Stimulate interest and you will stimulatelearning
Scientists at all levels must get involved insharing their subjects
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For years the sky hasentranced us
Van Gogh’s Starry Night
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How do we observe distantthings?
Optical Telescopes ( in many differentwavelengths)
From earth
From satellites (why?)
Radio telescopes
Landers
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Distances
Diameter of Earth is about 12700 km
Sun to Earth is about 149,600,000 km
Distance from sun to pluto is 5,900,000,000 km
1 light year is 9,460,000,000,000 km
Alpha Centauri is about 4.4 light years
Milky Way is about 100,000 LY across
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Relative sizes of the Planets
Picture fromhttp://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/overview.html
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Relative sizes of the Planets
Pictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
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The solar system
Picture fromhttp://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/overview.html
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The Planets
These images are composites ofthe complete radar imagecollection of Venus obtained bythe Magellan mission.
A storm on Saturn from the HubbleSpace Telescope
Pictures courtesy of NASA
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More Planets
Mercury
Uranus
Neptune
PlutoPictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
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Mars our Neighbor
Pictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/marspath_images.html
Valles Marineris canyon system, over 3,000kilometers long and up to 8 kilometers deep
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Jupiter the Giant
Pictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/ Jupiter and Ganymede
The Great Red Spot(with turbulence all around it)
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And finally comets, themysterious visitors
Halleys CometPictures courtesy of NASA http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
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Other members of the Solarsystem
The asteroid Eros as filmed by the NASA NEAR project on Monday
http://near.jhuapl.edu/NEAR/
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Astrophysical plasmas
The Sun
CatseyeNebula
ht tp : / /bang. lanl .gov/solarsys /
ht tp: / /www.stsci .edu:80/
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Deep space
The distance to NGC 4414, is 19.1 megaparsecs or about 60 million light-yearsPictures courtesy of NASA http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
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Stars forming and dying indistant nebula
Pictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
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Strange structures
Pictures courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/
One-half light-year long interstellar "twisters" in theLagoon Nebula (M8) in the constellation Sagittarius
MyCn18, a young planetary nebula locatedabout 8,000 light-years away
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Plasmas on Earth
Laboratory Experiments Lightning
http: / /FusEdWeb.pppl .gov/
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The Earth
Our homeviewed fromthe moon
Picture courtesy of NASAhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-earthmoon.html
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The solar wind (a plasma) interactswith the Earth’s magnetic field
The sun emits mass in the form of plasma at velocities of up to 500 km/s.
From Stars, James Kaler
This solar wind causes the Earth’s magnetic field to compress creating a shock wave called the Bow wave.
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Interactions between the earth’smagnetic field and a plasma can have
spectacular results
The northern lights(aurora borealis)
Photo by David Frittshttp://dac3.pfrr.alaska.edu:80/~pfrr/AURORA/INDEX.HTM
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Particles in a Magnetic field
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Turbulence is everywhere in nature
Turbulent transport is oneof the main methods forrelaxing gradients
http://info.pitt.edu/~maarten/work/soapflow/soapjpgs/dense.turb.JPG
ftp://mojave.wr.usgs.gov/pub/spurr/Spurr.html
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Web References
Astrophysics siteshttp://umbra.nascom.nasa.gov/spd/ NASA Space Science
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/ Great Photo Gallery
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/overview.html The Nine Planets
http://www.stsci.edu:80/ Space Telescope Science Institute
http://bang.lanl.gov/solarsys/Views of the Solar System
http://www.gi.alaska.edu/ Geophysical Institute (Aurora and Sprite info)
http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ NOAA Space weather site
Email me at: [email protected] URL http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu