Dairy Waste Water Treatment By Biofilter

Bio-Filter Waste Water Treatment Technology

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to sustain Environment

The Nation Faces Two Severe Problems

a) Water Scarcity

b) Sewage / Waste Water Disposal

A) Water Scarcity Challenge:

1. 70% of India would be water stressed by 2020.

2. The Water availability will be highly skewed.

3. The urban need of water is increasing , need to transfer from long distance, availability will also be limited /

costly.

Background

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B) Sewage/Waste Water Disposal Challenge:

Government report on Urban and Industrial Water Supply and Sanitation for Five year plan (2012-17) highlights

the following points about waste water in India :

1. No Indian city is in position to boast of complete sewerage system which can keep up with sanitation and

pollution challenge.

2. If sewerage systems are not comprehensive-spread across the city to collect, convey and intercept waste of all-

than the pollution will not be under control.

3. Waste water treatment is important not only for controlling pollution but recycle & reuse will be important.

4. Waste water is not only limited to industries, urban centers, town but the problem is emerging in small towns

& villages.

Background

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1. Industrial Waste Water

Industrial Waste Water Treatment is:

1. Very specific to type of waste water

2. Highly cost intensive and

3. Not able to meet the standard norms.

2. Sewerage

The sewage treatment system are:

1. Capital intensive ( Rs. 1.0 Cr. to 3.0 Cr. /MLD & still costly for smaller capacities less than 25 MLD)

2. High on operating & maintenance cost

3. Not able to treat at desired efficiency & quality. (As per CSE report currently most of the cities do not

have STP’s and wherever installed, not working to the desired level)

Current Situation

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Decentralized wastewater Treatment can be smart alternative for considering new systems or modifying,

replacing, or expanding existing waste water systems.

Advantages of Decentralized STP:

1. Can be stand alone arrangements for many parts/wards of the city or scattered settlements

2. Easy to handle, operate and maintain

3. Better public participation and acceptance

4. Cost saving in sewage collection piping and in transportation as well as treated water transportations.

(Treated water can be reused locally for landscapes / trees / washing and for flushing)

5. Better adoption to local contexts and needs

6. Cost- effective and efficient

7. Needing smaller areas for treatment

8. Chances of failure – almost nil

9. Can replace septic tanks

Decentralized Treatment Systems

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Bio-filter is emerging as an environmentally sustainable, economically viable & socially acceptable technology.

It uses the ability of the earthworms and beneficial microbes to break down organic waste present in the waste water and transform it into worm-cast.

It is a natural way of recycling nutrients and removal of toxins.

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Biofilter is a bed of organic material which supports worms (microbes) that break down solid and convert to carbon dioxide , water and nutrients.

Bio-filter Technology is a synthesis process, which harnesses the energy, carbon and other elements of the waste and converts them to precious “Bio-nutritional" products like energy rich humus & bio-fertilizer and nutrient rich water.

It involves removal of organic matter by adsorption & filtration followed by biological degradation and oxy-gen supply by natural aeration to the treatment system.

Concept

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Bio filtration as a principle originates from the fact that consortium of bacteria is developed for feeding on the substrate and thus for further microbial colonization.

During this process, the important plant nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium present in the feed material are converted through microbial action into forms that are much more soluble and bio-available to the plants. The treated water is almost “Disinfected” during the process.

Earthworms act as media to hosts millions of microbes which helps in fast decomposition organic matters in sewage /industrial waste water .

The solids fed in by Earthworms converts in useful compost which is rich in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)

Biofilter Process

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1. It reduces the cost of collection / transportation / treatment /

2. No Odor / No Sludge Formation / Hygienic process – acceptability of local people for sight of the plant is very high.

3. Very Low operating and maintenance costs. Treated water can be marketed for reuse.

4. It can be tailored made for each situation / land availability.

5. Able to meet pollution norms for irrigation and additionally cost saving on artificial fertilizers.

6. Does not need qualified / highly skilled persons for monitoring.

Advantages

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Biofilter for Dairy Waste Water

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Waste Water is generated in dairy during pasteurization, homogenization and production of dairy products such as butter, cheese, milk powder etc..

In CIP (Clean in place) process, a) Caustic Solution, b) Phosphoric acid/ Nitric acid, c) Sodium hypo-chlorite are used which is eventually become a part of waste water.

Cleaning of dairy processing plants generate waste water contain detergent, sanitizers, base, salts and organic matter.

The characteristics of waste water changes season to season and products to products .

Dairy waste contain organic matter like fat, proteins , carbohydrates and nutrients mainly nitrogen

phosphorous.

It contain high BOD, COD, Turbidity and high TDS.

Dairy Waste Water

Collection BOD: 4500-9000 PPM

COD: 5500-12000 PPM

Turbidity: >1000 NTU

BFT (Earthworms & beneficial

microbes)

Treated Water Collection BOD: 30-100 PPM

COD: 80-180 PPM

Turbidity: 15-30 NTU

Reuse for

agriculture or

industrial use

In aqua culture environment nitrogen is of primary concern as a component of waste product generated by rearing fish.

The source of nitrogen waste urea , uric acid, and amino acid excreted by the fish , organic debris from dead and dying organisms , uneaten feed and feces and nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.

Fish expel various nitrogenous waste products through

1.Gill Diffusion, 2.Gill Cation Exchange ,3.Urine and Feces

Biofilter remove toxicity of ammonia by nitrification process

Biofilter for Fisheries Waste Water

Ammonia Oxidation

Nitrite Oxidation

Nitrate

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Conventional STP/ETP (Activated Sludge Process)

Bio-filtration Technology

Comparative

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Assessment Of Technology Options For Sewage Treatment Plant

Criteria

Transchem -

Biofilter ASP UASB+EA SBR MBBR MBR WSP

Performance in Terms of Quality of Treated Sewage

Potential of Meeting TSS,BOD and

COD Discharge Standards ++++ +++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++

Potential of Total / Fecal Coliform

Removal ++++ +++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++

Potential of DO in Effluent

++++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++

Potential for Nitrogen Removal

(Nitrification) ++++ + + ++++ ++ ++ +

Potential for Phosphorous Removal ++++ + + ++++ ++ ++ +

Performance Reliability

++++ ++++ ++ ++ +++ ++++ ++

Impact of Effluent Discharge

Potential of No Adverse Impact on

Land, Surface Waters and Ground Water ++++ ++ ++ +++ +++ ++++ ++++

Low : + Medium : ++ High : +++ Very high : ++++

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Assessment Of Technology Options For Sewage Treatment Plant

Criteria

Transchem -

Biofilter ASP UASB+EA SBR MBBR MBR WSP

Potential for Economically Viable Resource Generation

Manure / Soil Conditioner

++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + +

Economically Viable Electricity

Generation/Energy Recovery 0 + +++ + + + 0

Impact of STP

Potential of No Adverse Impacts on

Health of STP Staff/Locals ++++ ++ + +++ +++ +++ ++

Potential of No Adverse Impacts on

Surrounding Building/Properties ++++ +++ ++ +++ +++ +++ ++++

Potential of Low Energy Requirement ++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++++

Potential of Low Land Requirement +++ ++ ++ +++ +++ ++++ +

Potential of Low Capital Cost and

Recurring cost ++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++++

Potential of Low Level of Skill in

Operation and Maintenance ++++ +++ +++ +++ ++ + ++++


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Cost Comparison for various Technologies for Sewage Treatment Plant

Sr

No

Assessment

Parameter/Technology

Transchem -

Bio Filter ASP MBBR SBR

UASB+E

A MBR WSP

1

(I) Capital Cost

Average Capital Cost

(Secondary Treatment) + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++++ +

2

(II) Area Requirements

Average Area, m2/MLD

Secondary Treatment +

Secondary sludge handling

550 900 450 450 1000 450 6000


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(III) Operating Cost ( per MLD)

1

Power Cost + +++ +++ ++ ++ ++++ 0

2 Annual Repairs costs + +++ ++ ++ +++ ++++ +++

3 Chemical Cost/Additives + ++ ++ ++ +++ ++++ ++

4 Salary costs + ++++ ++++ ++ ++++ ++++ ++++

5 Annual O & M costs + +++ +++ +++ +++ ++++ ++

6 Approx . Treatment cost, Rs/KL 3.0-3.5 7.0 -7.80 7.50-8.00 6.00-6.50 6.50-7.00 10.00-10.50 6.00-6.50

Sr No Assessment Parameter/Technology

Transchem-

Bio Filter

ASP MBBR SBR UASB+EA MBR WSP

Cost Comparison for various Technologies for Sewage Treatment Plant


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Inside view of 800 KLD STP (Bhavnagar)

Comparison of Input and Output Water from Bhavnagar STP

BEFORE TREATMENT AFTER TREATMENT GREEN TECHNOLOGY


Parameters Before

Treatment

After Biofilter

Treatment

After R.O.

Treatment

Standard Norms for

Land Irrigation

pH 7.0-7.8 7.5-8.0 7.0 – 7.5 5.5-9.0

TDS (ppm) 1500-2000 1200-1800 < 200 2100

Turbidity (NTU) 40-100 <2.0 Nil

COD (ppm) 200-400 50 - 80 < 20 100

BOD (ppm) 100-200 10 - 20 < 5 30

DO (ppm) Nil 3-4

Colour Dark Grey Pale Yellow Clear White

Odour Strong Odourless Odourless

Bio-Assay --

100% survival of fish after

96 hours

90% Survival of Fish

after 96 hours

Fecal Coliforms

(MPN/100ml) > 10

6 < 10

3 < 100

< 10

3

Average Results Obtained (Bhavnagar)

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Parameters Before

Treatment

After

Treatment

NH4 -N(ppm) 25-40 <1.0

NO3 (ppm) 10-20 >50

Total P (ppm) 4-8 1-2

Available P (ppm) 1-2 5-7

Potassium (ppm) 10-15 20-25

Nutrient Conversion In Treated Water (Bhavnagar)

Considering the nutrient content in treated water as:

• Available Nitrogen – 50 mg/l

• Available Phosphorous -- 7 mg/l &

•Available Potassium – 25 mg / I

And assuming 800 KLD treated water availability , the nutrient availability would be:

Nitrogen – 40 Kgs/day i.e. 14000 Kgs/annum eq. to 28 Tons of Urea

Phosphorous – 5.6 Kgs/day i.e. 2000 Kgs/annum eq. to 4.0 Tons of DAP

Potassium – 20 Kgs/day i.e. 7000 Kgs/annum eq. to 12.0 Tons of Potash

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Modular Biofilter Plant

Capacity of Plant :

10 KLD up to 30 KLD

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Sewage Treatment Plants Installed Sr.

No

Name & Location Kind of waste

water

Cap. In

KLD

Before Treatment Water

Quality

Treated Water

Quality

% COD

Reduction

1 Excel Crop Care Ltd,

Bhavnagar

Sewage 800 BOD: 100-200 PPM

COD: 200-400 PPM


BOD: 10-20 PPM

COD: 50-80 PPM

Turbidity: <2 NTU

80.0

2 M/s Transpek Industry

Ltd, Vadodara


COD: 200-400 PPM


BOD: 10-20 PPM

COD: 50-80 PPM

Turbidity: <2 NTU

80.0

3 Agrocel, Kutch Sewage 25 BOD: 300-400 PPM

COD: 500-800 PPM


BOD:20-30 PPM

COD: 80-100 PPM


87.5

4 Sam Fine O Chem,

Rajkot


COD: 800-1200 PPM


BOD: 18-20 PPM

COD: 50-80 PPM

Turbidity: <5 NTU

More than

90.0

5 Gharda Institute of

Technology, Chiplun


COD: 500-800 PPM


BOD: 18-20 PPM

COD: 50-80 PPM

Turbidity: < 10 NTU

More than

90.0

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Food Industry Treatment Plants Sr.

No

Name &

Location

Kind of

waste water

Cap. In

KLD

Before Treatment Water

Quality

Treated Water

Quality

%

COD

Reduct

ion

1 M/s Baroda

Dairy, Vadodara

Dairy waste

water

Onsite

Trials

BOD: 2500-8000 PPM

COD: 3500-10000 PPM

Turbidity: 700 - 1000 NTU

BOD: 30-80 PPM

COD: 80-150 PPM


98.5

2 M/s Vimal Dairy,

Mehsana

Dairy waste

water

30 KLD

proposal

BOD: 4500-9000 PPM

COD: 5500-12000 PPM


BOD: 30-100 PPM

COD: 80-180 PPM


98.5

3 M/s. Avani Food

products ,

Mehasana

Casein

Manufacturin

g

6 BOD: 2000-3000 PPM

COD: 2500-4000 PPM

Turbidity:90-100 NTU

BOD: 23-30 PPM

COD: 60-125 PPM

Turbidity:5-15 NTU

96.8

4 M/s Patanjali

Food Park,

Haridwar

Food

Processing

Waste water

Onsite

Trials

BOD: 1000-1200 PPM

COD: 1500-2000 PPM

BOD: 50-100 PPM

COD: 150-200 PPM

90.0

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Chemical Industry Treatment Plants

Sr.

No

Name & Location Kind of waste

water

Cap. In

KLD

Before Treatment

Water Quality

Treated Water

Quality

% COD

Reduction

1 M/s. Transpek,

Vadodara

Chemical waste

water

75 BOD: 1000 PPM

COD: 3500 PPM


BOD: 50-100 PPM

COD: 150-200 PPM

Turbidity: < 5 NTU

94.2

2 M/s. Ajrakhpur Dyeing

& Printing Units, Kutch

Chemical &

Natural dye

50 BOD: 100-150 PPM

COD: 600-1500 PPM

Turbidity:200-400 NTU

BOD: <30 PPM

COD: 75-150 PPM

Turbidity:5-10 NTU

90

3 M/s. Vivekanand Rural

Development Institute,

Mandvi-Kutch

Dyes printing 2 BOD: 600-700 PPM

COD: 1500-2000 PPM

Turbidity:>1000 NTU

BOD: 15-30 PPM

COD: 150-200 PPM

Turbidity:5-10 NTU

90

4 M/s Dinesh Mills,

Ankaleshwar

Scouring Liquor

from woolen

Textile

Onsite

Trials

BOD: 17500-18000 PPM

COD: 20000-20500 PPM


BOD: 250 PPM

COD: 400 PPM

Turbidity: <10 NTU

95.6

5 M/s Phthalo colours,

Vapi

Dye Intermediate

waste water

Onsite

Trials

BOD: 2000 PPM

COD: 6560 PPM


BOD: 50-100 PPM

COD: 150-200 PPM

Turbidity: <5 NTU

96.9

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Performance Certificate from Baroda Dairy and Vimal Dairy

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Success on Industrial Waste Water

Our technology is successful in following industrial effluents :

Dairy Effluent

Alcohol Distillery (Grain Based)

Food Processing waste water

Chemical processing waste water

Fisheries Industry

Dye & printing units waste water

Capsule Manufacturing units

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Contact Details

Contact Person:

Mr. Rajendra Shah (Business Head)

Mobile: +91 9558812967

Email: [email protected]

Mr. Mandar Prabhune (Technical Head)

Mobile: +91 9898508844

Email: [email protected]

[email protected]

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Technical Advisors

Dr. Rajiv K Sinha (Technical Advisor)

Senior Associate Professor (Environmental Engineering),

Griffith University (Nathan Campus)

Brisbane, QLD-4111, Australia.

Shri. R.K.Sama ( Ex. Project Director, WASMO)

Mobile No. - 9825235749

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Judiciously Use the 5 P's (Petrol, Power, Paper, Plastic & Potable Water)

Embrace the 5 R's Rule (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle & Be Responsible)

everyday in Life about WASTE.

THANK YOU

Transchem Agritech Ltd. B/10,Sahjanand Kutir Udhyog, Mujmahuda, Vadodara 390020,Gujarat, India Tel.: 91-265-6542247

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Dairy Waste Water Treatment By Biofilter

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