DAFTAR PUSTAKA - Institut Teknologi Bandung · 2016-06-08 · DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. ... “Tata cara...
Transcript of DAFTAR PUSTAKA - Institut Teknologi Bandung · 2016-06-08 · DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. ... “Tata cara...
Daftar Pustaka
D.P-1
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. ACI 211.4R-93. “Specifications of the Concrete Mix for High Strength
Concrete Used During the Experimens”.
2. “Product Data Polyolefin Fibers” by 3M ScotchcastTM Polyolefin Fibers.
3. The International Course on Sustainable Structural Safety Design for
Buliding Engineers. “Performance Criteria of Buliding Material”, by Dr. Ir.
Saptahari M. Sugiri.
4. Balaguru & Shah (1992), “ Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites”, Mac-
Graw-Hill Inc Singapore.
5. Hannant,D.J. (1978), “Fibre Cement and Fibre Concrete”, John Wiley &
Sons Ltd.
6. Michel Bruneau, Chia-Ming Uang and Andrew Whittaker, “Ductile Design
of Steel Structures”.
7. ASTM C 39-86.”Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
Concrete Specimens”.
8. ASTM C 78-84, “Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading”.
9. ASTM C 192-90a, “Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
in the Laboratory”.
10. ASTM C 173-90a, “Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement
Concrete”.
11. ASTM C 496-90, “Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of
Cylindrical Concrete Specimens”
12. ASTM C 1018-92, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Toughness and First-
Crack Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam with Third-Point
Loading”.
13. ACI Structural Journal 99-S32, “ Flexural Design Methodology for Concrete
Beams Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymers”, by Joseph R. Yost and
Shawn P. Gross.
Daftar Pustaka
D.P-2
14. Journal of Structural Engineering, “Strengthening of Steel-Concrete
Composite Girders Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Sheets”, by M.
Tavakkolizadeh, M.ASCE, and H. Saadatmanesh, M.ASCE.
15. ACI Committee 544, “Vebe Slump Test and Vebe Time Test”.
16. ACI Material Journal 101-M31, “High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced
Concrete Mixture Proportions with High Fiber Volume Fractions” by P.
Balaguru and H. Najm.
17. ACI Committee 212.3R, “Chemical Admixtures for Concrete”.
18. ACI Material Journal, “Bond Behavior of Normal and High-Strength Fiber
Reinfonced Concrete”, by A. Samen Ezeldin and P.N. Balaguru.
19. ACI Material Jounal, “Effect of Consolidation on Bond of Reinforcement in
Concrete of Different Workabilities”, by Yin-Wen Chan, Yong-Guo Chen,
and Yi-Shi Liu.
20. Park and Paulay, “Reinforced Concrete Structures”, Departement of Civil
Engineering University of Canterbury, Chiristchurch, New Zealand, 1974.
21. “Technical Data Sheet Catalogue”, by PT Fosroc Indonesia.
22. “Tata cara Penghitungan Struktur Beton untuk Bangunan Gedung:, SK SNI
T – 15-1991-03.
23. “Standar Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa untuk Struktur Bangunan
Gedung”, SNI 1726, 2002, Departemen Kimpraswil.
24. “Pedoman Pelaksanaan Praktikum Beton”, Laboratorium Struktur dan
Bahan Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2003.
25. Diktat Kuliah ”Teknologi Baton Lanjut”, dari Dr. Ir. Saptahari M. Sugiri.
Lampiran A
L.A-1
Tabel L.A.1. Komposisi Mix Design Specimen
Material Plain Concrete
Polyolefin Fibers Reinforcement
Concrete
Steel Fibers Reinforcement
Concrete Fibers - 1 % 2 % 3 % 1 % 2 % 3 %
Cement 521.7 521.7 521.7 521.7 521.7 521.7 521.7
Water 184.09 184.09 184.09 184.09 184.09 184.09 184.09
Fine Aggregate 607.05 607.05 607.05 607.05 607.05 607.05 607.05
Coarse Aggregate 866.96 866.96 866.96 866.96 866.96 866.96 866.96
Fly Ash 130.43 130.43 130.43 130.43 130.43 130.43 130.43
Superplasticizers (conplast RP264 M2)
2.086 ltr2.086
ltr 2.086
ltr 2.086
ltr 2.086
ltr 2.086
ltr 2.086
ltr
w/c ratio 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35
A. Kurva Hubungan Tegangan-Regangan FRC dan Plain
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.1. Kuat Tekan FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.2. Kuat Tekan FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
05
10
152025303540
455055
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.3. Kuat Tekan FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2
Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.4. Compressive Strength FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur
Beton 28 Hari
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1
Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.5. Compressive Strength FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur
Beton 28 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1
Regangan (0/00)
Tega
ngan
(MPa
)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.6. Compressive Strength FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur
Beton 28 Hari
B. Kurva Hubungan Kuat Lentur – Penurunan Pengujian Modulus of
Rupture pada FRC dan Plain
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.7. Modulus of Rupture FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.8. Modulus of Rupture FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.9. Modulus of Rupture FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2
Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.10. Modulus of Rupture FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 28 Hari
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.11. Modulus of Rupture FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 28 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3Deflection (cm)
Flex
ural
(kg/
cm2)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.12. Modulus of Rupture FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 28 Hari
C. Kurva Hubungan Kuat Tarik Belah – Penurunan pada FRC dan Plain
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.13. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-8
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.14. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.15. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 7 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-9
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5
Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
1% Polyo lefin fiber 1% Steel fiber Plain Kurva L.A.16. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 1% Serat & Plain Pengujian
Umur Beton 28 Hari
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
2% Polyo lefin fiber 2% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.17. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 2% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 28 Hari
Lampiran A
L.A-10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10Deflection (mm)
Split
ting
Tens
ile S
tren
gth
T (M
Pa)
3% Polyo lefin fiber 3% Steel fiber Plain
Kurva L.A.18. Splitting Tensile Strength FRC 3% Serat & Plain Pengujian Umur Beton 28 Hari
Lampiran B: Aplikasi FRC Polyolefin
L.B-1
Gambar L.B.1. Proses Produksi Serat Polyolefin
Gambar L.B.2. FRC Polyolefin Digunakan sebagai Lapisan Deck Jembatan
Lampiran B: Aplikasi FRC Polyolefin
L.B-2
Gambar L.B.3. Proses Perataan FRC Polyolefin pada Pelapisan Deck
Jembatan
Gambar L.B.4. FRC Polyolefin Digunakan sebagai Perkerasan Jalan
Lampiran B: Aplikasi FRC Polyolefin
L.B-3
Gambar L.B.5. FRC Polyolefin Digunakan sebagai Shotcrete Tembok
Pelabuhan
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-1
Photo L.C.1. Coarsa Aggregate dan Fine Aggregate
Photo L.C.2. Pengujian Berat Jenis Fine Aggregate
Photo L.C.3. Pemasukan Polyolefin Fibers Kedalam Adukan
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-2
Photo L.C.4. Pengukuran Slump Plain Concrete
Photo L.C.5. Slump FRC
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-3
Photo L.C.6. Pengujian Kerucut Terbalik (Inverted Slump Cone Test)
Photo L.C.7. Pengujian V – B (V-B Test)
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-4
Photo L.C.8. Cetak Adukan Beton
Photo L.C.9. Curing Specimen
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-5
Photo L.C.10. Pengujian Kuat Tekan (Compressive Strength Test)
Photo L.C.11. Perekaman Data Pengujian dengan Data Logger
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-6
Photo L.C.12. Pola Retak Kuat Tekan Beton pada Plain Concrete
Photo L.C.13. Pola Retak Kuat Tekan Beton pada FRC
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-7
Photo L.C.14. Pengujian Kuat Tarik Belah (Splitting Tensile Strength Test)
Photo L.C.15. Pola Retak Plain Concrete akibat Splitting Tensile Strength
Test
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-8
Photo L.C.16. Pola Retak FRC Polyolefin akibat Splitting Tensile Strength
Test
Photo L.C.17. Pola Retak FRC Steel akibat Splitting Tensile Strength Test
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-9
Photo L.C.18. Pengujian Kuat Lentur (Modulus of Rupture Test)
Photo L.C.19. Alat Perekaman Deflection LVDT
Lampiran C: PhotoPengujian
L.C-10
Photo L.C.20. Pola Retak FRC akibat Pengujian Lentur
Photo L.C.21. Pola Retak Plain akibat Pengujian Lentur