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The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author

and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governmentsthey represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included inthis paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use.Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.

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Complex interactions between

central and local:community-based research in

ThailandFuller, Boyd

Poocharoen, Ora-orn

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Summary

Brazil/India: Central supplies public participationopportunities, then needs to create demand for it

Community-based research (CBR): generating newsolutions for local issues, including water management.

Central – local: Central supports local: supporting community-based research

Central resists local: engineers resist locally generated design.

Why central resistance? Challenges include: differentperspectives and cultures; professional responsibilityand pride; uncertainty

Joint fact-finding as solution?

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Thailand: promoting CBR

Thailand Research Fund supporting CBRfor water management and other projects

Money for CBR, but not implementation

Communities supported by Node

Coordinators

Royal Irrigation Department (RID) starting

to do the same

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TRF & Prak Nam Daeng

Water flow and quality changed by newupstream dams and industries (1980’s)

RID builds dam to help, but causes 20 year conflict instead!

2000: Local leader learns about CBR, gets TRFhelp

Initial community scepticism

Innovative consultation and consensus building, develops new dam design

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Fresh waterarea

Saline waterarea

Rice paddies,orchards, fish ponds Shrimp farms

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Community-Based Research

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New dam design

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Central helps local

TRF provides:

Funds for community-based research

Technical assistance and capacity building,including direct support of Node Coordinators

Community prepares proposal for CBR

Prak Nam Daeng took 2 years to developproposal

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Central resists local

Experts at District and National level resistnew design

Royal Irrigation Dept (RID) pushed politicallyto listen

Listen, then modify design

problems Finally (3rd try), get the dam right.

Community still feels that RID not listening Parties arguing over copyright to dam design.

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Why resist?

Different perspectives and cultures

Experts: “general” places – e.g. river valley

dam Local: “local” places, with less regional view

Professional responsibility and pride

Uncertainty:What do we do when locals lead?

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RID: engineersalter design andbuild

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Solutions?

Expand community-based research into

 joint fact-finding (JFF)

JFF = Stakeholders (government and non-

government) seek knowledge together Define research questions

Agree on who will do study and how they will

do it

Etc…

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Summary

Community-based research as reform

Central-local interactions: Central supporting local problem solving

Central resisting local problem solving

Central resistance? Challenges include:

Different perspectives and cultures

Professional responsibility and pride

Uncertainty

Possible solution: joint fact-finding?