Cwi
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Transcript of Cwi
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George Washington’s Farewell Address1796
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Policy of Isolationism
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Focus of America-1789-late 1800’s
• Building up our government• Fixing unsolved issues with Great Britain-War
of 1812• Building up our business and infrastructure• Moving “West” and war with Mexico• Issues over slavery and the Civil War• US was blessed with lots of natural resources
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Manifest Destiny
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Monroe Doctrine-1823
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Civil War 1861-1865
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The Civil War-1861-1865
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List the major powers of the world in the late 1800’s?
• Great Britain• France• Germany• Russia• Up and Comers:• Unites States• Japan
• Losing Power:• Spain• Italy• Ottoman Empire• Austria-Hungary
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Europe in 1900
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Era of Imperialism
• Late 1800’s into early 1900’s
• What were countries after?
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Latin America-1800-Most countries were independent by 1830
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US Territories Over the Years
• Hawaii• Alaska• American Samoa• Puerto Rico• US Virgin Islands• Philippines• Guam• Northern Mariana
Island
• When did US get control?
• How did US get control?• Do we still have control
of it today? What is it’s current status?
• Location
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The Great War 1914-1918
• Started after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the next King of Austria-Hungary
• Underlying causes:– Militarism– Imperialism– Nationalism– Alliances
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The Treaty of Versailles
• Treaty that officially ended WWI
• Signed at the Paris Peace Conference
• United States never signed it
• Germany lost land and colonies
• Germany’s military was dismantled
• Germany had to pay $33 billion
• Germany had to accept the War Guilt clause
• League of Nations was set up
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1920’s and 1930’s
• In the 1920’s and 1930’s, the US went back to isolationism
• The Great Depression in the 1930’s made it easy for the US to focus on America only
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The Road to WWII1919-1941
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Causes for Breakout of WWII
• Japan invaded China in 1937
• Hitler invaded Poland on 9-1-39
• Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor on 12-7-41
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Effects of WWII on US and World
• US and Soviet Union became the two world superpowers
• Europe was split between democratic countries and communist countries
• The Cold War started• Nuclear arms race• Israel was established
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Effects of WWII on the World
• The United Nations was established
• United Nations Declaration of Human Rights-1949
• Geneva Convention-1949
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The Cold War 1945-1991
• Political and ideological struggle between the US and Soviet Union
• US practiced the Policy of Containment due to the domino effect(theory)
• Examples of containment– Truman Doctrine– Marshall Plan– Korean War– Vietnam War
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Cold War Policies
• Containment• Brinkmanship• Massive retaliation/Mutual
deterrence/Mutual Assured Destruction• Détente-1970’s
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1980’s
• Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979– US helped the mujahideen fight the communists– This group eventually became al-Qaeda and
the Taliban• Iran and Iraq went to war– US helped Saddam Hussein as the US was at odds
with Iran
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The Cold War Ends
• Ronald Reagan • Mikhail Gorbachev
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1990’s-The Rise of Iraq and al-Qaeda
• Both Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda became problems for the United States in the 1990’s
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Persian Gulf WarAugust 1990-February 1991
• August 2, 1990, Iraq Invaded Kuwait
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Persian Gulf War
• Why did it start?• Operation Desert Shield• Operation Desert Storm• Results: – Coalition Force victory, Iraqi withdrawl from Kuwait,
destruction of Iraqi/Kuwaiti infrastructure• Coalition-482 dead, Iraq-20,000-35,000• 1991-2003– No-fly zone, weapons inspectors, WMD’s
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No Fly Zone
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Iraq War 2003-2011
• President Bush told the nation that Saddam Hussein was getting WMD’s and was not allowing weapons inspectors into his country
• US invades Iraq in March, 2003
• War ends under President Obama in December, 2011
• Obama pledged to end war
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Iraq War
• Us never found any WMD• President Bush has said he would do the same
thing over again as “the world is a better place with Saddam Hussein in it”
• US did end Saddam’s reign and established a democratic government
• War in Iraq became very unpopular
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The Capture, Trial and Execution of Saddam Hussein
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Abu Ghraib Prison Abuse
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Waterboarding
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• How did the Persian Gulf War eventually lead to 9-11?– Since late 1990, US has had US troops stationed
somewhere in the Middle East to this very day– Al-Qaeda saw the United States as the new
invaders(instead of the Soviets) of the Islamic world
– Al-Qaeda started going after us
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al-Qaeda Attacks in the 1990’s
• 1993 World Trade Center bombing
• Osama bin Laden declares jihad against the US in 1997
• US embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998
• USS Cole attack in 2000 in Yemen
• 9-11-01 attacks in New York and Washington D.C.
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War in Afghanistan
• US invaded Afghanistan in October, 2001
• The Taliban, Afghanistan’s government from 1995-2001, allowed al-Qaeda to train there
• President Obama plans to have all troops out by the end of 2014
• Bush Doctrine– policy that says the
United States had the right to secure itself against countries that harbor or give aid to terrorist groups
– used to justify the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan and the 2003 invasion of Iraq
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US Losses
Iraq• Almost 4,500 killed• Over 32,000 wounded
Afghanistan• Over 2,300 killed