Current Status Analysis Report Evora - InSmart · TREVO – TransportesRodoviários de Évora...

Coordination and support action (Coordinating Action)

FP7-ENERGY-SMARTCITIES-2012

Project InSMART

Integrative Smart City Planning

Report on the Current City analysis Status – Évora

D-WP 1 – Deliverable D1.3

Author(s): João Pedro Gouveia, Júlia Seixas(FCT- New University of Lisbon)

Date: January 2014

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Grant agreement no.:

314164 (ENER/FP7/314164)

Project acronym:

InSMART

Project full title:

Integrative Smart City Planning

Coordination and support action (Coordinating Action)

FP7-ENERGY-SMARTICITIES-2012

Start date of project: 2013-12-01

Duration: 3 years

Deliverable D.1.3

Report on the Current City analysis Status – Évora

Due delivery month: M2

Actual delivery month:M2

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Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme

Dissemination Level

PU Public X

PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)

RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)

CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)

Version Submitted by Review Level* Date Submitted Reviewed

1.0 João Pedro Gouveia WPL Jan 31, 2014 George Giannakidis (CRES)

Editors

Name (organization) e-mail

Leading participant João Pedro Gouveia (FCT- New University of Lisbon)

Júlia Seixas (FCT- New University of Lisbon)

[email protected]

[email protected]

Contributing participants NunoChorãoBilo (Municipality of Évora)

AntónioValentim (Municipality of Évora)

Elsa Santos (Municipality of Évora)

Olga Grilo (Municipality of Évora)

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

WP Leader (WPL) George Giannakidis (CRES) [email protected]

Project Coordinator (PC)

Project Steering Committee (PSC)

Executive Summary

This report presents a description of the existing situation regarding sustainable planning and data availability (with a focus on energy) is given for the city of Évora. Data gaps are identified and will be used as an input for the creation of the survey that will be performed in Task 1.2.

Keywords Évora, City Planning Policies, Energy and Spatial Data Availability, Data Gaps

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Table of Contents Table of Contents .........................................................................................................4

List of Tables ................................................................................................................6

List of Figures...............................................................................................................7

Acronyms and Definitions...........................................................................................9

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................11 1.1. Overview of InSMART ...............................................................................11 1.2. Objectives of this Report .............................................................................11 1.3. Outline of the Report ...................................................................................12

2. City General Description ...................................................................................13 2.1. Geographic Location ...................................................................................13 2.2. Climate..........................................................................................................14 2.3. Population.....................................................................................................15 2.4. Economy and Culture..................................................................................15 2.5. Infrastructures .............................................................................................17 2.6. Energy ...........................................................................................................18

3. City Sustainability Planning..............................................................................21 3.1. National Level ..............................................................................................21

Estratégia Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável [National Sustainable Development Strategy].........................................................................................21 Programa Nacional de Politica de Ordenamento do Território [National Program for Spatial Planning Policy]................................................................................21 Plano Estratégico Nacional do Turismo [Tourism Strategic Plan].....................22 Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional [National Strategic Framework]...22 Plano Estratégico de Transportes 2008-2020 [Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector]..................................................................................................................22 Orientações Estratégicas do Sector Ferroviário – [Strategic Guidelines for the Railway Sector]....................................................................................................23 Quadro Estratégico Comum [Common Strategic Framework]...........................23

3.2. Regional Level ..............................................................................................24 Programa Territorial de Desenvolvimento do Alentejo Central [TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo]......................................24 Plano Regional de Ordenamento do Território do Alentejo Regional Spatial Development Plan of Alentejo] ...........................................................................24

3.3. Municipal Level............................................................................................25

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Plano Diretor de Resíduos Sólidos do Distrito de Évora [Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District].................................................................................25 Plano de Urbanização de Évora [Urban Plan of Évora].....................................26 Plano de Optimização Energética Municipal [Municipal Energy Optimization Plan] ....................................................................................................................26 Estratégia de Mobilidade da Cidade de Évora [Mobility Strategy for Évora]....27 Estudo de Enquadramento Estratégico para a área do Centro Histórico de Évora [Strategic Framework Study for the area of the Historic Centre of Évora]........28 Plano de Gestão do Centro Histórico de Évora [Management plan for the Historic City Centre]...........................................................................................28 Plano de Desenvolvimento Estratégico de Évora [Strategic Development Plan of Évora] ..................................................................................................................29 Plano de Acção e Estrutura de Monitorização da Agenda 21 [Local Agenda XXI – Action and Monitoring Plan]............................................................................29 Progama Acrópole XXI [Acrópole XXI Program]..............................................30 Plano Diretor Municipal de Évora [Évora city Master Plan]..............................30 Plano de Acção para a Energia Sustentável de Évora [Action Plan for Sustainable Energy].............................................................................................31

4. Data Availability .................................................................................................32 4.1. Spatial Data ..................................................................................................32 4.2. Energy Data..................................................................................................40

Building Stock .....................................................................................................40 Transport and Mobility ........................................................................................45 Urban Spaces and Public Lighting.......................................................................46 Water and Sewage Systems .................................................................................47 Waste Chain.........................................................................................................49 Other Data............................................................................................................50 Decentralised Energy Supply and facilities .........................................................52

5. Gaps Identified....................................................................................................55

6. References............................................................................................................57

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List of Tables Table 1 – Area of the parishes in Évora. .....................................................................14

Table 2 – Population of the municipality of Évora (2001, 2011, 2012) .....................15

Table 3 - Description of the National Sustainable Development Strategy .................21

Table 4 - Description of the National Program for Spatial Planning Policy...............22

Table 5 - Description of the Tourism Strategic Plan...................................................22

Table 6 - Description of the National Strategic Framework .......................................22

Table 7 - Description of the Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector.........................23

Table 8 - Description of the Strategic Guidelines for the Railway sector...................23

Table 9 - Description of the Common Strategic Framework ......................................23

Table 10 - Description of the Territorial Development Program of Central Alentejo 24

Table 11 - Description of the Regional Spatial Development Plan of Alentejo .........24

Table 12 - Description of the Action Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District..............................................................................................................................25

Table 13 - Description of the Urban Plan of Évora.....................................................26

Table 14 - Description of the Municipal Energy Optimization Plan ..........................27

Table 15 - Description of the mobility strategy for Évora ..........................................27

Table 16 - Description of the Strategic Framework Study for the area of the Historic Centre of Évora ....................................................................................................28

Table 17 - Description of the Management plan for the Historic City Centre............29

Table 18 - Description of the Strategic Development Plan of Évora..........................29

Table 19 - Description of the Local Agenda XXI.......................................................29

Table 20 - Description of the Acrópole XXI Program................................................30

Table 21 - Description of the Évora city Master Plan.................................................30

Table 22 - Description of the Action Plan for Sustainable Energy.............................31

Table 23 – Spatial data availability for the municipality of Évora .............................32

Table 24 - Buildings according to the number of floors and type of construction in Évora ....................................................................................................................40

Table 25 - Disaggregation of the existing lamps in Évora municipality in 2006........46

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Table 26 – Urban waste produced by waste composition in 2012..............................50

List of Figures Figure 1 – Location of Évora in Portugal and in the Alentejo Region .......................13

Figure 2 - City of Évora ..............................................................................................14

Figure 3 – Roman Temple of Évora............................................................................16

Figure 4 – Évora historical centre street View............................................................17

Figure 5 – KEMET and Tyco Electronics ..................................................................18

Figure 6 – Electricity consumption by sector in 2011 ................................................19

Figure 7 – Natural gas consumption by sector in 2011...............................................19

Figure 8 - Oil products consumption by sector in 2011..............................................20

Figure 9 – Territorial map of the regional spatial development plan of Alentejo ......25

Figure 10 – Land use constraints map (left) and land use map (right) (1:50 000)......26

Figure 11 – Areas of parking within the city walls (left) and available bike lanes (right) ...................................................................................................................28

Figure 12 – General Accessibilities Networks (left) and Municipal Ecological Structure (right)....................................................................................................31

Figure 13 - Land Use Restrictions Maps (1:25 000)...................................................37

Figure 14 – Spatial Planning map (1: 25 0000) ..........................................................37

Figure 15 – Local inner city heritage map (1/10 000) ................................................38

Figure 16 – Urban planning map for the rural area of Azaruja (1:5 000)...................38

Figure 17 – City Buildings boundaries sample (1: 1 000) .........................................39

Figure 18 – Historic city centre map with the conservation state of the buildings (1:2 000) ......................................................................................................................39

Figure 19 – Map of the historical city centre depicting the buildings by number of floors ....................................................................................................................42

Figure 20 – Buildings database Historic City Centre .................................................42

Figure 21 – Public Spaces database for the historic City Centre ................................43

Figure 22 – Structure and Evolution of the city: urban part .......................................43

Figure 23 – Regional Commuting (2011) ...................................................................46

Figure 24 – Monte Novo water sub system ................................................................48

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Figure 25 – Wastewater sub system of Évora.............................................................49

Figure 26 - Location of several parks and areas of industrial activity in Évora and surrounding municipalities (2007).......................................................................51

Figure 27- Industrial area outline sample map (1:1 000)............................................51

Figure 28 - Industrial Units of Embraer in the Aeronautical Industrial Park of Évora..............................................................................................................................52

Figure 29 – High (150/60KV) and medium (30/15KV) voltage network ..................52

Figure 30 - Natural gas network sample (1:1 000) .....................................................53

Figure 31 – Solar PV installed capacity in Évora .......................................................54

Figure 32 – Cogeneration Plant at Évora’s wastewater plant .....................................54

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Acronyms and Definitions AMDE - Associação de Municípios do Distrito de Évora

ARECBA – Agência Regional de Energia do Centro e Baixo Alentejo [Regional Energy Agency]

CCDR – Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional

CIMAC – ComunidadeIntermunicipal do Alentejo Central [Intermunicipal Community of the Central Alentejo]

CME – Câmara Municipal de Évora [Municipality of Évora]

DGEG – DirecçãoGeral de Energia e Geologia [Directorate for Energy and Geology]

EDP – Energias de Portugal, S.A.

Embraer - EmpresaBrasileira de Aeronáutica S.A. [Aeronautic company]

ENDS – EstratégiaNacional de DesenvolvimentoSustentável[National Sustainable Development Strategy]

EU - Union European

EV – Electric vehicles

GDP – Gross Domestic Product

GESAMB –Empresa de GestãoAmbiental e de Resíduos [Waste and Environmental management company]

GIS - Geographic Information System

INE – InstitutoNacional de Estatistica [National Institute of Statistics]

KEMET – Electronic Components company

kV - kilovolt

kWht- kilowatt hour thermal

kWhe- kilowatt hour electric

LED – Light Emitting Diode

MWh – Megawatt hour

Nm3 - Normal cubic meter

NUTs – Territorial Units

PDME – Plano Director Municipal de Évora [Évora Master Plan]

PEAASAR - Plano Estratégico de Abastecimento de Água e de Saneamento de ÁguasResiduais [Water and Sewage Strategic Plan]

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PENT - Plano EstratégicoNacional do Turismo[Tourism Strategic Plan]

PET - Plano Estratégico de Transportes 2008-2020 [Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector]

PNPOT – ProgramaNacional de Politica de Ordenamento do Território[National Program for Spatial Planning Policy]

POEM – Plano de OptimizaçãoEnergética Municipal [Municipal Energy Optimization Plan]

PP – PlanoPormenor [Spatial Detail Plan]

PROMITHEE - Multi-criteria decision making method

PT – Portugal Telecom [Communication Company]

PU – Plano Urbanização [Urban Plan]

QEC – QuadroEstratégicoComum [Common Strategic Framework]

QREN – Quadro de ReferênciaEstratégicoNacional[National Strategic Framework]

RES – Renewable energy sources

TIMES – The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System

TREVO – TransportesRodoviários de Évora [Public Road Transports Company]

Tyco Electronics – Company of Electromechanical components

UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

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1. Introduction

1.1. Overview of InSMART

The InSMART concept brings together cities, scientific and industrial organizations in order to establish and implement a comprehensive methodology for enhancing sustainable planning addressing the current and future city energy needs through an integrative and multidisciplinary planning approach.

InSMART project intends to identify the optimum mix of short, medium and long term measures for a sustainable energy future, addressing the efficiency of energy flows across various city sectors, namely buildings, transport and mobility. Urban spaces, water/sewage system, waste chain and decentralized energy supply.

Each city’s energy system will be analysed, covering all relevant sectors and a comprehensive GIS platform including energy database will be developed. Apart from being a valuable planning tool, the GIS database will inform and be linked to the TIMES planning model. This model will be used to analyse the cost-optimal mix of measures required to meet sustainable energy targets taking into account exogenous parameters (e.g., environmental targets, city expansion). These measures will be further assessed with respect to non-technical criteria using a multi-criteria decision making method (PROMIΤHEE) that will address economic, environmental as well as social issues.

A detailed economic analysis of the mid-term measures identified through this two stage optimisation procedure will be undertaken, identifying all relevant investment indicators. Finally, a detailed, realistic and applicable mid-term implementation plan will be developed to describe the necessary steps, required resources and monitoring procedures for each city.

1.2. Objectives of this Report

This report refers to WP1/Task1.1. Analysis of existing sustainable policies and data availability for each city –Identification of gaps, and responds to objective 1 of WP1 stating “Analyse the current status of the city energy strategy and data availability”.

It is expected that the four cities (i.e., Évora, Trikala, Nottingham, and Cesena) have available different types of data and policy documents. Therefore, there are different gaps to the data needs to achieve the proposed goals of InSMART. This report presents, in much detail as possible, the availability of data, considering both policy reports and datasets for spatial data and energy consumption for the different sectors present at the city.

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1.3. Outline of the Report

The report is organized in 5 chapters. A general description of the city is presented in chapter 2 covering aspects like its geographic location, climate, population, economy and culture, infrastructures and energy consumption.Chapter 3 refers to City Sustainability Planningtaking a national and regional framework, as well as focusing on municipal scale. Data availability is presented in chapter 4, covering both spatial data characteristics and energy data on different sectors. Finally, the gaps are identified as detailed as possible in chapter 5.

For the case of Évora, it was decided at the kick-off meeting that the Municipality of Évora will be taken instead of the sole city, for the following reasons: (i) high data availability for the municipal scale for many indicators on energy consumption; (ii) smart metering infrastructure (34 000 meters) covers the municipality area, allowing to assess the relation between urban and rural surrounding areas in an integrated approach; (iii) governance bodies focus on municipal area, whereas there is no specific governance body at the city level; (iv) documents on sustainable planning focus primarily on municipal instead of city level.

Moreover, by considering the Municipality of Évora while other focus on cities will allow for a comparative assessment of sustainability integrative policies, in terms of tools performance and governance practices.

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2. City General Description This section presents a brief description of the municipality of Évora regarding its location and main characteristics (i.e., climate, population, economy and energy consumption).

2.1. Geographic Location

Évora is a Portuguese city, capital of the District of Évora and of the Alentejo region (NUTS II) and sub-region of Central Alentejo (NUT III). It is integrated in a vast plain that extends south of Portugal (Alentejo) and It comprises one of the largest municipalities in Portugal, with 1307.08km² (5% of the region) and 56 596 inhabitants (2011).

The municipality of Évora is bordered to the north by the municipality of Arraiolos northeast by Estremoz, east by Redondo, southeast ReguengosMonsaraz, to the south by Portel, on the southwest by Viana do Alentejo and west by Montemor-o-Novo (Figure 1).Évora is on the axis between Lisbon and Madrid and in the connection of the deep-water port of Sines to the centre of Europe.

The Alentejo countryside is open wide with extensive cereal fields, pasture and remarkable forest patches of cork and holm oak, often with cereals and pastures under cover. Olive groves, vineyards, irrigated crops such as rice, round out the diversity and unity of this region.

Figure 1 – Location of Évora in Portugal and in the Alentejo Region (PDME, 2012)

Évora is the main urban centre of the region, population and functional terms and it is heir to a rich and varied cultural heritage, built and preserved over time.The cityis

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dividedinto five geographicalunits: Historical Centresurrounded by a Romanwall of over3km extensionand in whichliesome of themost importantmonuments, and the North, South, East and West areas.The municipality is administratively divided into 12 parishes: 3 urban parishes (1 in the historical centre) and 9 rural parishes (Table 1) (Figure 2).

Table 1 – Area of the parishes in Évora.

Parishes Area (ha)

Urban

BaceloandSenhora da Saúde 3 390

S. Mamede; Sé e S. Pedro and Santo Antão 113

Malagueira and Horta das Figueiras 6 330

Rural

Canaviais 6 787

Nª Srª da Tourega and Nª Srª da Guadalupe 26105

Nª Srª da Graça do Divor 8 556

Nª Srª de Manchede 18 500

S. Sebastião da Giesteira and Nª Srª da Boa Fé 7 510

S. Bento do Mato 6 685

S. Manços and S. Vicente do Pigeiro 15 524

S. Miguel de Machede 8 700

Torre de Coelheiros 22 600

Figure 2 - City of Évora (CME, 2014a)

2.2. Climate

The climate of Évora have the general characteristics of the climate of region: typical Mediterranean climate according to the Koppen-Geiger classification, sometimes with Atlantic influence, with rainfall distributed throughout the year unevenly, with the peak in winter, alternating with hot and dry summers between June and September.

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The average annual temperature is about 16ºC (May), with average monthly temperatures in summer above 20°C, with a maximum of 23.2 in August and in winter, lower than 10ºC, with a minimum of 9.4°C in January. The very hot summers (average of 128 days with an average temperature above 25°C) contrast with many cold winters (90 days per year with an average of less than 5ºC) (CME, 2014a). Évora has had in 2011 around 70% of rainless days (INE, 2013a).

2.3. Population

With about 57 000 inhabitants the municipality of Évora remains, despite the decline in its growth dynamics, the main urban hub of the region receiving the majority of the active population (CME, 2014a)(Table 2).The demand for better living conditions and search for professional opportunities are mostly responsible for this movement trends to medium-sized towns in our country and in Europe.

Recent data (i.e., CENSUS 2011 (INE, 2011)) seem to indicate that previous demographic projections to 2016 that were based on the migratory movement in support of the population growth should not be achieved due to the unfavourable socio-economic situation of the country. 2012 already registered a population decline compared to 2011.

The municipality had in 2012 a population density of 42.8inhabitants per km2revealing to be significantlylower than the nationalaverage (112 inhabitants/km2), but much higher than the recordedthroughout theAlentejo(25 inhabitants/km2) (PORDATA, 2014). The population is concentrated in urban areas, with near 80% living in the city. From this urban population only 8% live inside the city walls (INE, 2011).

The population age structure is distributed in 14.4% of young people (below 15 years old); 65.4% are working-age population (15 to 64 years) and 20.2% are elderly people.

Table 2 – Population of the municipality of Évora (2001, 2011, 2012) (Pordata, 2014)

Years 2001 2011 2012

Inhabitants 56 552 56 436 55 921

2.4. Economy and Culture

The region of Central Alentejo had in 2010 a per capita GDP of 13 122€, below national average (16 223€). The municipality ofÉvorais theeconomic andadministrative centre of theAlentejoregion.In agreementwith thegeneral trendin Western societies,presents itself asa strongly supported by the tertiarysector, both by the number ofemployers it supportsasby the number ofexisting establishments (PDME, 2012). Évoraeconomy is therefore basedmainly ontheservicessector, with significant participationof the University ofÉvoraand decentralizedservicesof theCentralGovernment. Theindustry isalsovery presentinthe city's economy,

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especially in theelectronic andelectromechanicalcomponents andconstruction (i.e., Embraer).

Évora has 4.2% of its population employed in the primary sector, 17.6% in the secondary sector and the remaining 78.2% in the tertiary sector. In 2012, the municipality had approximately 607.3€ of expenses per inhabitant and 687.0€ of revenue (Pordata, 2014).

Tourism isan important sourceof income in themunicipality. A milliontouristsvisittheWorld Heritage cityand the number growsevery year.The cityhas severalhotels, from luxury chainsto thetypicalpensions.In the year 2012, Évora had 136 631 visitors recorded, with August registering a total of 20 973 (15.4%)(DDE-CME, 2013).

Traditional commerceis locatedmainlyin the city centre, while largeretail stores are mainly concentratedin the parish ofHorta dasFigueiras.

Its well-preserved historic centre is one of the richest in monuments of Portugal, which earns him the epithet of City Museum. In 1986, UNESCO declared the historic city centre World Heritage (Figure 4).The main monuments of the historical centre are the roman temple (Figure 3), the cathedral, the S. Francisco Church, the Palace of D. Manuel and the bones chapel.

According to CME (2014b), Évora values its environmental component and the promotion of sustainable development. It has heritage, cultural, academic, and services vocation with environmental quality. It also holds national and international recognition of its recovery policies and heritage preservation.

Évora is an ecologically sustainable city and it was awarded the green flag for the 5th consecutive year by the European Blue Flag Association. It has 70kms of Eco tracks and qualified landscape.

Figure 3 – Roman Temple of Évora (WHC, 2009)

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Figure 4 – Évora historical centre street View (WHC, 2009)

2.5. Infrastructures

Withinregionalaffirmation,Évorais assumed asa patrimonialandcultural, academicandopen to innovation, anda major internationaltourist attractiontown.The demographicand economic potential, the importance ofresearchandtraining supplyand concentrationof industrialand logisticsmake this citya strong and dynamicregional hub (PROTA, 2010).

The city has a university (i.e., University of Évora)that runs 62 undergraduate courses on e.g. technology, humanities and arts with 8 000 undergraduates and masters students.

At the urban perimeter of the city (about 3km of the city centre) it is located an industrial and technological park, flanked by the railroad. This park has a total area of 500 000m2 with 237 lots including e.g. KEMET (i.e., electric capacitors company) (Figure 5), Tyco electronics (i.e., electromechanical components for the automobile industry). It has also an industrial park dedicated to the aeronautic sector with the industrial units of Embraer (CME, 2014b).

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Figure 5 – KEMET and Tyco Electronics (CME, 2014b)

Themunicipality of Évora, sufferedin the last twodecades of the 20th century, significant changesinthe structure of the transport network. On the one hand, significant improvements were made at the road level, but, on the other hand losingpart of therailway infrastructure. Nevertheless major highways and railroads of important commercial routes serve Évora. It has also a municipal aerodrome with a runaway of 1 300m. Future expansion up to 1 503m is expected.

The city has three hospitals – Hospital doEspírito Santo, Hospitaldo Patrocínioand Hospital da Misericórdia de Évora. It also has several relevant public infrastructures has the Garcia de Resendemunicipal theatre; a municipal swimming pools park; a multi purposes pavilion (i.e., Arena D’Évora); several schools and municipality buildings.

2.6. Energy

Évora had in 2011 a total electricity consumption of 275 069MWh (DGE, 2014a) distributed as presented in Figure 6. The municipality has a per capita electricity consumption of 4 874kWh (PORDATA, 2014).

The lion share of electricity consumers (i.e., installed electricity meters) is on the Residential sector with 5 435 233 (85%) followed by Services (680 820; 11%). The remaining consumers are from industry, agriculture and public services (i.e., public lighting) (DGEG, 2014a).

This World Heritage City is the first urban area in Portugal to hook up to the intelligent energy grid. By promoting energy efficiency, micro generation and electrical mobility, this will be a shining example of sustainability for the whole country. The city has 31 000 domestic costumers with installed smart meters; it also has an improved capability of RES and EV connections (EDP, 2010). Évora was selected because complies with a set of criteria relevant to this experiment as: dimension, type of grid, national and international visibility, average level of consumption, inclusion in the national pilot network of electric vehicle charging stations (CME, 2014).

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Figure 6 – Electricity consumption by sector in 2011 (DGEG, 2014a)

Regarding natural gas, since its introduction in Portugal in 2002, its consumption has risen from 389 000Nm3 to 3820 000Nm3 in 2011. The main consumers of natural gas are the residential sector (36%) and industry sector (37%) (Figure 7)(DGEG, 2014b).

Figure 7 – Natural gas consumption by sector in 2011 (DGEG, 2014b)

The municipality of Évora have consumed around 40 880ton of oil products, which were mainly consumed in the transportation sector (63%), followed by services (17%) and agriculture activities (11%) (DGEG, 2014c)(Figure 8).

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Figure 8 - Oil products consumption by sector in 2011 (DGEG, 2014c)

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3. City Sustainability Planning This section presents a summary list and short description of the policy papers, strategic action plans and programs, sustainable energy plans, sectorial plans and spatial plans currently in place in the municipality of Évora.

Relevant plans for the sustainable planning of the municipality of Évora not only include the ones made for the city and municipality but also the plans, programs, etc. made for the region of Alentejo or set at a national level giving guidelines or framing local development and planning. A chronological top-down presentation (national, regional and municipal) of thosepolicies, plans and programs will be presented next.

3.1. National Level

EstratégiaNacional de DesenvolvimentoSustentável[National Sustainable Development Strategy]

The ENDS intends to strengthen and harmonize national economic policies, social issues and the environment into sustainable development.Itis the frameworkthat guidesthe Portuguese effortof approachingthe development ofmore advancedEU countries, ensuringthe balance ofeconomic, social andenvironmental dimensions of development (Table 3).

Table 3 - Description of the National Sustainable Development Strategy

Title of the Document EstratégiaNacional de DesenvolvimentoSustentável (ENDS) [National Sustainable Development Strategy]

Developed/coordinated by Portuguese Environmental Agency

Date 2006

Type of Document Policy

Level of Implementation National

ProgramaNacional de Politica de Ordenamento do Território [National Program for Spatial Planning Policy]

PNPOT is the main instrumentforterritorialdevelopment of strategic nature establishing the large and relevant options to thespatial planning of the country. Underlying to this policy strategy and important for Évora are among others: the improved strength of the centrality of Évora; increase the cooperation among universities; acknowledge agriculture as a strategic sector for the region and enhance sustainable tourism. The timeframe of application of this policy is 2007-2015 (Table 4).

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Table 4 - Description of the National Program for Spatial Planning Policy

Title of the Document ProgramaNacional de Politica de Ordenamento do Território(PNPOT) [National Program for Spatial Planning Policy]

Developed/coordinated by Ministry of the Environment, Spatial Planning and Regional Development

Date 2006



Plano EstratégicoNacional do Turismo[Tourism Strategic Plan]

PENTaims to:ensurean increasedcontribution oftourism to the national GDP,increasequality jobsandaccelerate the growth ofdomestic tourism. The timeframe of application of this policy is 2006-2015 (Table 5).

Table 5 - Description of the Tourism Strategic Plan

Title of the Document Plano EstratégicoNacional do Turismo (PENT) [Tourism Strategic Plan]

Developed/coordinated by Ministry of Economy and Innovation

Date 2006

Type of Document Plan


Quadro de ReferênciaEstratégicoNacional[National Strategic Framework]

QREN provides the framework forthe implementation of EUpolicy on economic andsocial cohesioninPortugalfor the period 2007-2013 (Table 6).

Table 6 - Description of the National Strategic Framework

Title of the Document Quadro de ReferênciaEstratégicoNacional (QREN) [National Strategic Framework]

Developed/coordinated by QREN working group

Date 2007



Plano Estratégico de Transportes 2008-2020 [Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector]

Thisplan providesan integratedperspectiveof the future of the whole transport sector. It defines theobjectives to be achievedin 2020and present a set ofguidelines, measures

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and projects, whichwill enable toattainthe proposed objectives. Strategic questions highlighted by this plan are the strengthening of territorialcompetitivenessandimproved internationalconnectivity,promotion of sustainable mobility, decouplingthe growth in the demand fortransport from general economicgrowth as well asfrom its negative effects(Table7).

Table 7 - Description of the Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector

Title of the Document Plano Estratégico de Transportes 2008-2020 (PET) [Strategic Plan for the Transport Sector]

Developed/coordinated by Ministry of Public Works, Transports and Communication.

Date May 2009

Type of Document Plans


OrientaçõesEstratégicas do Sector Ferroviário – [Strategic Guidelines for the Railway Sector]

The Guidelinesfor theRailway Sectorembodya visionof change and modernity for theyear 2015by establishing theframework and guidelinesthat will guide the actionof the various actorsin the sectorboth in termsof regulation, infrastructureand the provisionof transport services (Table 8).

Table 8 - Description of the Strategic Guidelines for the Railway sector

Title of the Document OrientaçõesEstratégicas do Sector Ferroviário [Strategic Guidelines for the Railway Sector]

Developed/coordinated by Ministry of Public Works, Transports and Communication.

Date 2011

Type of Document Strategy


QuadroEstratégicoComum[Common Strategic Framework]

QEC follows QREN and provides the framework forthe implementation of EUpolicy on economic andsocial cohesioninPortugalfor the period 2014-2020 (Table 9).

Table 9 - Description of the Common Strategic Framework

Title of the Document QuadroEstratégicoComum (QEC) [Common Strategic Framework]

Developed/coordinated by QEC working group

Date 2012



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3.2. Regional Level

Programa Territorial de Desenvolvimento do Alentejo Central [TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo]

The TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo is a regional strategy developmentofNUTSIIIintegratinginvestment prioritiesand a setinterventions proposed forgrantin accordancewith the current legislation. Some relevant strategic issues mentioned for Évora are the consolidation of the corridor Lisbon-Évora-Badajoz and develop the corridors Évora-Portalegre-CasteloBranco and Sines-Évora-Elvas/Badajoz as structuring elements for aregionalpolycentricurban system. Improve Évora centrality and accessibilities and promote the axis VendasNovas-Montemor-Évora as a space for deconcentration of the industrial activity of the metropolitan area of Lisbon. Foster thedevelopment of theaerospace clusterand its relationshipwith the automotivecomponents sector, focusing on anchor regional development investments (AMDE, 2008) (Table 10).

Table 10 - Description of the TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo

Title of the Document Programa Territorial de Desenvolvimento do Alentejo Central [TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo]

Developed/coordinated by Associação de Municipios do Distrito de Évora (AMDE) – [Association of Municipalities of the District of Évora]

Date December 2008

Type of Document Program

Level of Implementation Regional

Plano Regional de Ordenamento do Território do AlentejoRegionalSpatial DevelopmentPlan of Alentejo]

The RegionalSpatial DevelopmentPlan of Alentejoaimsto define aframework forthe strategicplanning instrumentsat the municipal level(PDM, PPandPU), but also makethe integration ofsectoralpolicies in theplanning andcoordination ofinterventions at thedesirablelevelterritory. It was approved by the Resolutionof the CouncilofMinisters n. º 53/2010 of August 2nd.The timeframe of this plan is 2007-2013 (Table 11). The next figure presents the type of mappingavailable at this regional plan (Figure 9).

Table 11 - Description of the RegionalSpatial DevelopmentPlan of Alentejo

Title of the Document Programa Regional de Ordenamento do Território do Alentejo (PROTA) [RegionalSpatial DevelopmentPlan of Alentejo]

Developed/coordinated by Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Alentejo (CCDR) [Committee for Coordination andRegionalDevelopment of Alentejo]

Date January 2010

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Level of Implementation Regional

Figure 9 – Territorial map of the regional spatial development plan of Alentejo (PROTA, 2010)

3.3. Municipal Level

Plano Diretor de ResíduosSólidos do Distrito de Évora[Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District]

This master plan presented solutions for the 1998-2012 timeframe for the group of municipalities within the Évora District regarding the removal, recovery and treatment of solid wastes (Hidroprojecto, 1996) (Table 12).

Table 12 - Description of the Action Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District

Title of the Document Plano Director de ResíduosSólidos do Distrito de Évora [Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District]

Developed/coordinated by Hidroprojecto

Date 1996


Level of Implementation Supra Municipal

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Plano de Urbanização de Évora [Urban Plan of Évora]

The PUEwas first developed in 2000 and had an update in 2011, establishingthe rules tobe satisfied by theoccupation,use andlandtransformationof Évora cityandits the surroundingagricultural areas. According to theRegulation, the PUE is the guidinginstrumentfor detailed plansandmunicipalregulations that maybe developed (Table 13, Figure 10).

Table 13 - Description of the Urban Plan of Évora

Title of the Document Plano de Urbanização de Évora (PUE) [Urban Plan of Évora]

Developed/coordinated by Municipality of Évora

Date 2011


Level of Implementation Municipal

Figure 10 – Land use constraints map (left) and land use map (right) (1:50000) (PUE, 2011)

Plano de OptimizaçãoEnergética Municipal [Municipal Energy Optimization Plan]

This plan identifies the opportunities for increased energy efficiency at the municipal level in order to achieve both energetic and economic savings. The current situation and suggested measures were studied and evaluated on: tariffs optimizations, public lighting improvement and municipal buildings lighting changes (ARECBA, 2006) (Table 14).

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Table 14 - Description of the Municipal Energy Optimization Plan

Title of the Document Plano de OptimizaçãoEnergética Municipal (POEM) [Municipal Energy Optimization Plan]

Developed/coordinated by Municipality of Évora, ARECBA

Date 2006



Estratégia de Mobilidade da Cidade de Évora [Mobility Strategy for Évora]

The objectives of this strategy were to diagnose the main weaknesses of the current transport system, as well as define a set of policy measures aimed at improving mobility throughout the city of Évora, in particular: the provision of a collective transport system that meets the real needs of population; the implementation of solutions that lead to better traffic flow in the Historic Centre and the creation of conditions for the promotion of a more sustainable mobility(Table 6). Figure 11 presents two examples of the type of available information in the Évora city mobility Strategy (IST, 2006).

Table 15 - Description of the mobility strategy for Évora

Title of the Document Estratégia de Mobilidade da Cidade de Évora [Mobility strategy for Évora]

Developed/coordinated by Instituto Superior Técnico

Date April 2006

Type of Document Strategy


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Figure 11 – Areas of parking within the city walls (left) and available bike lanes (right) (IST, 2006)

Estudo de EnquadramentoEstratégicopara a área do Centro Histórico de Évora [StrategicFramework Study for thearea of theHistoric Centre of Évora]

This study proposes the formulation of aconsistent operation and urban rehabilitation and revitalization of theHistoric Centre of Évora (Table 16).

Table 16 - Description of the StrategicFramework Study for thearea of theHistoric Centre of Évora

Title of the Document Estudo de EnquadramentoEstratégicopara a área do Centro Histórico de Évora– [StrategicFramework Study for thearea of theHistoric Centre of Évora]

Developed/coordinated by Parque Expo

Date 2008


Level of Implementation Historic City Centre

Plano de Gestão do Centro Histórico de Évora [Management plan for the Historic City Centre]

The main objectives of this management plan include an increased policy integration of different municipal departments, giving them common goals, consistency in time and territory; provide a framework for policies intended to this area; identify as many programs as possible, so that they are enrolled in one document accessible to all; and compile scattered elements and put them together into a coherent characterization of the History Centre - history, characteristics of the buildings, social and functional characterization, legislation and regulations, etc.

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Table 17 - Description of the Management plan for the Historic City Centre

Title of the Document Plano de Gestão do Centro Histórico de Évora [Management plan for the Historic City Centre]

Developed/coordinated by University of Évora

Date 2009



Plano de DesenvolvimentoEstratégico de Évora [Strategic Development Plan of Évora]

The PDEE is intended to bean instrument for guidingthemunicipality strategic development, seeking to combine the instruments and intervention policies on spatial and urban development with a vision and a strategic plan up to the year 2020. The vision that is mentioned in the plan is “Évora 2020, place of creativity and excellence. Values of the future with centuries of history”(Table 18).

Table 18 - Description of the Strategic Development Plan of Évora

Title of the Document Plano de DesenvolvimentoEstratégico de Évora – [Strategic Development Plan of Évora]

Developed/coordinated by University of Évora

Date 2009



ACÇÃO E ESTRUTURA DE

Plano de Acção e Estrutura de Monitorização da Agenda 21 [Local Agenda XXI – Action and Monitoring Plan]

This plan intends to promote with the involvement of different stakeholders, the consultation and building of partnerships for the construction of a strategy for a sustainable local development(Table 19).

Table 19 - Description of the Local Agenda XXI

Title of the Document Plano de Acção e Estrutura de Monitorização da Agenda 21 [Local Agenda XXI – Action and Monitoring Plan]

Developed/coordinated by Municipality of Évora, CIMAC, FCT/UNL

Date 2011



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ProgamaAcrópole XXI [Acrópole XXI Program]

This program aims to revitalize the area of CercaVelha in the core of the historic centre of Évora, where there are located the main monuments of the city, by promoting urban regeneration actions (Table 20).

Table 20 - Description of the Acrópole XXI Program

Title of the Document ProgramaAcrópole XXI [Acrópole XXI Program]


Date 2011



Plano Diretor Municipal de Évora[Évora city Master Plan]

The latest Master Plan of the city of Évora was developed in 2007 and has had a revision in 2012. Theoccupancy, useor processingof the landsare governed by thisRegulation, without prejudice to otherrulesorconstraints established bylegislation. Themaster planfurther definesthe model oforderly evolutionof the occupation planning,identifying the development objectivesof the municipality within its timeframe (10 years) (PDME, 2012) (Table 21). Examples of the maps available in this master plan are presented on Figure 12. Within this master plan there are some detailed urban plans e.g.: Monfurado and Turgela areas.

Table 21 - Description of the Évora city Master Plan

Title of the Document Plano Diretor Municipal de Évora [Évora city Master Plan]


Date October 2012



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Figure 12–General Accessibilities Networks (left) and Municipal Ecological Structure (right) (PDME, 2012)

Plano de Acçãopara a EnergiaSustentável de Évora [Action Plan for Sustainable Energy]

This action plan is a result of the membership of the municipality to the Covenant of Mayors, a commitmentlaunched by the EuropeanCommissionto local authoritiesto engagein its territory, to achievethe objectiveof the EUwith regard to the reduction ofgreenhousegases emissions. This plan includesactionsaimed atreducing the emissions ofgreenhousegases,butalsoactions thatdo notaffect directly these emissions with the intention to optimizethe financialaspectsof the acquisitionand use of energy, allowing the releaseof funds toother areas. The sectorsof buildings, street lighting, transportand wastes arecovered, distinguishing actions aimed atthe county'sactionsdedicated exclusivelyto the municipalheritagepopulation (CME, 2012) (Table 22).

Table 22 - Description of the Action Plan for Sustainable Energy

Title of the Document Plano de Acçãopara a EnergiaSustentável de Évora (PAES)[Action Plan for Sustainable Energy


Date 2012



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4. Data Availability To feed the next stages of the project, in order to build the GIS energy database platform (T1.3 WP1); the buildings energy simulation model (WP2); the transport and mobility Analysis (WP3), the cities energy systems and networks analysis (WP4) and the integrated planning tool through the TIMES model (WP5) there is the need,at this stage, to identify data availability for each of the cities/municipalities, looking at two major issues:

- Spatial data, allowing the GIS development; - Energy data, or data conducting to energy system characterization at the city level,

and estimation of future energy consumption.

The main data providers and relevant stakeholders (public and private bodies) that will be contacted/questioned in the project InSMART will be: Câmara Municipal de Évora (CME); InstitutoNacional de Estatistica (INE); ComunidadeIntermunicipal do Alentejo Central (CIMAC),GestãoAmbiental e de Residuos (GESAMB), TransportesRodoviários de Évora (TREVO), Agência Regional deEnergia do Centro e Baixo Alentejo (ARECBA); Agência de Desenvolvimento Regional do Alentejo, S.A (ADRAL); Águas do Centro Alentejo, Energias de Portugal S.A. (EDP), DirecçãoGeral de Energia e Geologia (DGEG).

4.1. Spatial Data

In order to build a GIS platform of the municipality, several maps and spatial information need to be identified and collected specially regarding general city infrastructures (e.g.,buildings, roads, electricity and gas networks) and location of important energy consuming activities (e.g., waste and water management, industries).Table 23 presents the most relevant available spatial data and its characteristics for the municipality of Évora. Examples of available maps are depicted on Figures 14 to 19.

Table 23 – Spatial data availability for the municipality of Évora

Data Type Resolution &

format Content Owner Access

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Regional Framing of the Municipality

1:400000

Vector based shape format

2D mapping displaying roads, railways, district and municipality limits, urban areas, water reservoirs

CME (PDME, Annex VII)

Available1

Ecological Urban Structure [EstruturaEcológica Municipal]

1: 50 000


2D mapping displaying multiple layers of international, national, regional and local Nature Conservation areas; areas of national ecological reserve, water reservoirs and lines.

CME (PDME, Annex

VI)

Available1

Spatial Planning Map [Planta de Ordenamento]

1:25 000


2D mapping displaying multiple layers of spatial data regarding the location of agricultural and forestry locations; areas of industrial activities; electrical substations; waste, water and wastewater treatment facilities, hospitals, aerodrome, special protection areas, tourism occupation facilities and buildings in rural areas.

(2.5mts accuracy)

CME Available1

1Available only for the project under an agreement of use

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Land Use Restrictions Maps [Plantas de Condicionantes]

1:25 000


2D mapping displaying multiple layers of spatial data including altimetry, administrative boundaries, buildings outlines, roads, railways, water lines, high voltage lines. Specification of major services buildings including: schools, municipal buildings, and monuments. Does not denote individual property information within multiple occupancy buildings. (2.5mts accuracy)

CME (PDME)

Available1

Ecological urban Structure [EstruturaEcológica Municipal]

1:25 000


2D mapping display multiple layers of areas of ecological connectivity and special protection areas (2.5mts accuracy)

CME (PDME)

Available1

Area of the Municipality

1: 10 000


Map with the municipality planimetryand altimetry

IGP Available1

Local inner city heritage map

1: 10 000


2D mapping displaying the inner city streets and buildings. All layers are vector based (1:1000 resolution)

CME (PDME)

Available1

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Urban Planning Maps for different rural areas [Plantas de Ordenamento]

1:5 000


2D mapping displaying multiple layers of spatial data including among others the definition of present and future land uses (residential, industrial, services). It also includes the location of wastewater stations, green areas, classified buildings and heritage.

CME (PDME)

Available1

Map with the Public Infrastructures [EquipamentosColectivosporDomínio)

1:5 000 (city) and 1:50 0000 (municipality)


2D mapping displaying the location of public collective infrastructure (on health, justice, education, sport, social security, culture)

CME (PUE)

Available1

Ortophotomap 1:5 000

TIFF format

Aerial photographs of the municipality area

IGP Available1

Map with the urban areas

1: 1 000


2D map depicting the city urban area and surrounding urban areas

CME, PT and EDP

Available1

Google Street View Google maps

Photography’s throughout the streets of Évora allowing the identification of gardens, road types and of different building typologies

Google Open

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Historical City Centre AutoCAD maps (1: 2

000)

Several maps depicting the characteristics of the buildings of the historic city centre (2007)

CME Available1

Other available layers

High (150/60KV) and medium (30/15KV) voltage network

1: 1 000


2D map depicting the high and medium voltage network and electrical substations

CME (PDME)

Available1

Natural gas network

1: 1 000


2D map depicting the city natural gas network

CME (PDME)

Available1

Water and Wastewater network

1: 1 000


2D map depicting the wastewater network

CME (PDME)

Available1

Landfill and solid waste treatment stations

1: 1 000


2D map depicting the location of the landfill and solid waste treatment stations

CME (PDME)

Available1

Public Lighting Locations

1: 1 000


2D map displaying the location of the public lighting locations

EDP Available1

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Figure 13 - Land Use Restrictions Maps (1:25 000) (PDME, 2012)

Figure 14 – Spatial Planning map (1: 25 0000) (PDME, 2012)

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Figure 15 – Local inner city heritage map (1/10 000) (PUE, 2011)

Figure 16 – Urban planning map for the rural area of Azaruja(1:5 000) (PDME, 2012)

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Figure 17 – City Buildings boundaries sample (1: 1 000) (PDME, 2012)

Figure 18 – Historic city centre map with the conservation state of the buildings (1:2 000) (IPA-CME, 2007)

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4.2. EnergyData

Concerningthe energy system characterization and final energy consumption to support the development of Integrated planning tool for the development of Strategic Sustainable Energy Plans (WP4) and other tasks, we presentin this section the available data on the main characteristics and on energy consumption of: Buildings, Transportation, Water and Wastewater, Wastes, Industries and Electricity Production at the municipality level.

Building Stock

Évora had in 2001, 20 954 households growing to 22 774 in 2011; with 2.7 persons per household in 2001,reducing to 2.4 persons per household in 2011 following the general country trend (INE, 2011).

In 2011, dwellings in the municipality were 66.4% owned and the remaining 33.6% were rented or other cases. The average value of Évora’s dwellings appraisal by banks was 1 337 €/m2.

Aggregated information on the characteristics of these dwellings can be found in the Census for Portugal– (2011, 2001, 1991 and 1981).The Population and Housing Censuses (INE, 2011) are the largest and exhaustive statistical operations the country undertakes. Its main purpose is to provide a complete picture of the country. It characterizes the people living in the country, the kind of housing they live in and their living conditions.

The 2011 Census has available information on demographics at parish level as population by sex and age, number of families and households. It also has information at the municipality level of households/people with access to water (public network or private) and shower, ownership of air conditioning andof space heating equipment.It also has information at the parish level of type and year of construction, ceilings and outside wall type and number of floors. Example of available information is presented on Table 24.

Table 24 - Buildings according to the number of floors and type of construction in Évora (INE, 2011)

Évora Municipality Buildings according to the number of floors

Main Construction Materials

Total 1 floor 2

floors 3

floors 4

floors 5

floors 6 floors

7 or more floors

Type of Construction Structure

20676 11508 7804 939 336 61 12 16

Reinforced Concrete 10687 5253 4615 512 241 43 10 13

Masonry walls with plate

7205 4231 2567 302 83 17 2 3

Masonry walls with plate

2039 1436 501 90 11 1 0 0

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Masonry walls of loose stone

729 574 120 35 0 0 0 0

Others 16 14 1 0 1 0 0 0

Exterior Cladding 20676 11508 7804 939 336 61 12 16

Traditional plaster or terrazzo

19982 10956 7708 904 328 59 11 16

Stone 357 272 46 33 4 1 1 0

Ceramic tile or mosaic 325 268 50 2 4 1 0 0

Others 12 12 0 0 0 0 0 0

Roofing 20676 11508 7804 939 336 61 12 16

Terraced 1390 67 1091 142 75 12 0 3

Tilted 19006 11395 6550 763 242 35 11 10

Ceramic tiles or concrete

18726 11221 6496 734 223 34 10 8

Other materials

280 174 54 29 19 1 1 2

Mix (terraced and tilted)

280 46 163 34 19 14 1 3

Other important source of information to characterize buildings stock in the municipality are the Building and Housing Statistics (1999-2012) from INE; which follows up the annual series Construction and Housing Statistics setting out a wide range of aggregated indicators on construction and housing in Portugal (e.g., urban density,number of new licensed/constructed buildings, number of floors, areas, etc.)(INE, 2013b).

The Historic city centre Management Plan present information (maps and database) of the buildings and public spaces within the 104ha of the historic city centre, which comprise 250 blocks, and 37 km of streets. Data is available for buildings and façades architectural types, techniques and materials of construction and also by type (multi-apartments, single houses); by conservation state (good, reasonable, bad, ruins), by use (services, commerce), by habitability (good, reasonable, bad, no information) and by number of floors, among others. It were analysed, photographed and geo-referenced about 60 parameters per building. This characterization was based on several studies, but especially in an inventory made to 100% of the buildings, having been featured nearly 2 500 buildings and 4 000 functional units (Figures 19, 20 and 21).

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Figure 19 – Map of the historical city centre depicting the buildings by number of floors (IPA-CME, 2007)

Figure 20 – Buildings database Historic City Centre (IPA-CME, 2007)

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Figure 21 – Public Spaces database for the historic City Centre (IPA-CME, 2007)

No similar detailed information is available for the remaining of the municipality. Yet, Simplício (2012) present an overview map of the age of the urban city structure of Évora for 2012 (Figure 22).

Figure 22 – Structure and Evolution of the city: urban part (Simplicio, 2012)

Households generic profiles can be collected for Alentejo on the Households budget

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surveys (2000; 2005/2006; 2010/2011) from the National Institute of Statistics. This publication presents the statistical results on structure of expenditures and income distribution of the private households residing in Portugal, and also about its well-being indicators. It corresponds to the most recent edition of the series of surveys on household budgets initiated in the 60’s. Statistical information is organized in five perspectives: distribution of the number of private households according to several socioeconomic characteristics; average annual expenditure by private household; average income by private household; adult equivalent income; poverty and inequality; and a few well-being indicators (INE, 2012).

At the municipality level, information on natural gas, oil products and electricity by sector is available from the Directorate for Energy and Geology (DGEG). DGEG is responsible for compiling energy information (e.g. production, consumption, prices) (information is available online from 1994-2012).

Specific data on energy consumption profiles is available at an aggregated (not geo-referenced) municipality level on the Survey on energy consumption in households (INE and DGEG, 2011).This publication presents the main statistical findings from the 2010 Survey on Energy Consumption in Households which, through a collection of basic data on the energy consumption of the domestic sector in Portugal, resulted in widespread statistical data that allows an up to date information about consumption of the various sources of energy within this sector, as well as its breakdown by final use (household heating and cooling, water heating, kitchen, etc.) and household expenditure related to energy consumption.

From EDP smart grids project – InovGrid (EDP, 2010), improved data is available by building/household typology on: electricity consumption profiles, load diagrams, identification of peak hours. The socio economy profile of these households might also be available.

The identification and main characteristics of some of the most important public facilities (schools, swimming pools, etc.) and of municipal infrastructures is available on ARECBA (2006). Among others, information is available on energy consumption by type (gas, electricity, etc.); buildings description (e.g., construction characteristics, type of occupation; type of energy using equipment and lighting). Updated information on energy consumption profiles might be collected on one by one data collection for each

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Transport and Mobility

Évora has an extended road access, served by highway and national roads. The municipaltransport networkconsists of approximately 80km ofmunicipal Roadsandapproximately 100km of smaller road, ensuring local accessibility between the city of Évora and the other urban clusters of the municipality. The rail network currently operating for persons transport is confined to just around 26km running from the city station to the Casa Branca Station, which links the municipality to Lisbon and to the rest of the country. Maps and extendedinformation on the road and railway network infrastructure is available at the PDME (2007).

The city has also a regional paved and lighted airfield. A Bus Terminal ensures linkage of the city with various parts of the region, also operating the Express service, which connects the city to all regions of the country and international regular lines. Urban transport is provided by TREVO, linking the many neighbourhoods of the city with the city centre and with the Industrial areas.

Évora has a mobility plan from 2006; but the information available is generally out-dated, specially related to mobility profiles. Regional commuting information is available on PDME (2007) and on INE (2011) (Figure 23). Local commuting (within the municipality) data and traffic counting surveys in the municipality are scarce both in time (i.e., 1999, 2001, 2004, 2008) and locations. In the PDME (2007) it were made traffic flows analyses for the students transportation (private vehicles and buses) from their houses to the schools in the municipality (e.g., time, distance, number of students).

Regarding energy consumption, oil products consumption is available in DGEG (2014c) for the municipality. There is no available on inhabitants’ fleet characterization neither on detailed energy consumption data. Telemetry data does not exist from municipal fleet vehicles routes and public transport routes. Nevertheless CME has on its database information on the municipal vehicles stock characteristics and fuel consumption. Public Transport data (both on vehicles and energy consumption) might be available on TREVO.

The CME have conducted yearly surveys in parking spaces use and availability(i.e.2000; 2004-2010). Information is also available from EDP on electric vehicles charging stations location and use.

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Figure 23 – Regional Commuting (2011) (INE, 2011)

Urban Spaces and Public Lighting

The municipality of Évora is responsible for the public lighting, including the lighting levels and schedules, the type and number of luminaires and lamps used. The ARECBA prepared for the city of Évora in 2006, a Municipal Energy Optimization Plan, covering street lighting and some buildings/municipal equipment (ARECBA, 2006).Aggregatedmunicipal level public lighting consumption is available at the Directorate for Energy and Geology statistics. Geo referenced and disaggregated consumption is available on the municipality energy contracts and on EDP.

Table 25 depicts the type of lamps existing in the municipality in 2006. Further updated information on public lighting system (number of network lines; number of masts; type of luminaires; type of lamps and lamp wattage (by luminaire, etc.) is available from the municipality.

Table 25 - Disaggregation of the existing lamps in Évora municipality in 2006 (ARECBA, 2006)

Disaggregation of the existing lamps in Évora municipality

Lamps of mercury vapour 4 451

Lamps of sodium vapour 6 778

Other Lamps 1 132

Total 12 561

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A few projects have already been made in order to improve public lighting energy consumption such as: 1) installation of 24 flow regulators covering almost 3000 lamps with a reduction of approximately 446 000kWh (24% savings); 2) introduction of LED technology in street lighting, 3) adaptation of the light output depending on the ambient lighting and the management of light output upon the presence of persons or cars (CME, 2014). The different measures resulted in annual overall savings of near 25% (2 019 512.19 kWh, 273 240.00 €), with the invoice ofPublic lighting in Évora.

Depiction of free spaces (m2), areas of paved roads and squares can be derived from the municipality GIS database. The construction materials used for paved road and squares are available in the historic city centre database owned by CME.

Water and Sewage Systems

As far as we are currently aware there are no water management studies or plans. The one that previously existed (PEAASAR) for the 2000-2006 timeframe intendedthe creation of the multi municipal system currently in place.

Thepublic water supplyin the municipality ofÉvoraiscomposed bymanysystems, which supplywaterto about 95% of the resident population. The mainsourceofwater in themunicipalityis thewater reservoir of Monte Novo, where it is located aWater TreatmentStation,from whichis producedabout 80% of the water consumed in Évora.It is from thissource, enhancedbythe groundwaterintakesof Graça doDivor, that thewater supplyis made to the to the City andsurroundingareas. The remainingvillagesin the Rural Areahaveautonomoussupply systems, being the water collected fromwells and boreholes(PDME,2007). The maximum water flow of this subsystem serving Évora municipality is 1 110m3/hour and it has one water treatment station in Monte Novo, 9 reservoirs, 3 water retrieval points and 5pumping stations (Figure 24). In 2009, the public water network distributed 3 843m3 of water; representing 67.5m3 per inhabitant (Pordata, 2014).

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Figure 24 – Monte Novo water sub system (ACA, 2013)

The water sewage system covers all the urban areas of the municipality. In rural areas, there are no sewer systems, and the collection of wastewater is made through septic tanks. There is a network of collectors that cover the entire urban area of the City and on the neighbourhoods surrounding it. All the city’s domestic wastewater is treated in the wastewater treatment plant of Évora (80% of the all wastewater treatment of the municipality is made here). This facility has an average water flow of 13 729m3/day. Drainage network of other urban centresand rural parishes, whose resident population is under 1000 inhabitants are less complex and have proportionally shorter extensions. In total there are 13 wastewater treatment plants and 4 septic tanks. The treatment processesvaryaccording to the characteristicsof wateras well as withthe volumes, local conditionsand needsindifferenturban areas. In Évora the following processesare used: activated sludge, stabilization lagoons and septic tanks (CME, 2014) (Figure 25).

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Figure 25 – Wastewater sub system of Évora (ACA, 2013)

Both the water and sewage system is run by Águas do Centro Alentejo S.A’swhose mission is the operation and management of the Multimunicipal water supply and sanitation of the Centre Alentejo. The company collects, treats and distributes water on "high" for human consumption, and alsocollects, treats and disposes domestic wastewater from the municipalities of Alandroal, Borba, Évora, Mourão, Redondo and ReguengosMonsaraz.Águas do Centro Alentejo S.A’s holds information on the overall water supply and wastewater treatment systems. Part of the information related to the infrastructure can be obtained through their Annual report and accounts (2008-2012). Further information on the specific location of water sources and altitude, operational schedule of pumping stations (i.e., priority of use, schedule of use, strangulations, etc.), type and characteristics of pumps and energy consumption and operationof the water and wastewater plants will be accessible upon request to Águas do Centro Alentejo S.A’s.

The location of both water and sewagenetworks is available from the municipality GIS database.

Waste Chain

The only waste management plan made for Évora was the Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District that run between 1998 and 2012, which set the organization of the multi municipal waste chain.

GESAMB – GestãoAmbiental e de Resíduosis the companyresponsible for themanagement and operation of the System of Recovery andTreatment of SolidWaste in the Districtof Évora, which includesthe municipalities

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ofAlandroal;Arraiolos;Borba, Estremoz, Évora, Montemor-o-Novo; Mora;Mourão, Redondo, ReguengosMonsaraz, VilaViçosaandVendasNovas.

The municipality of Évora has one landfill, one waste sorting centre, one eco-centre and 140 recycling curbside collectors spread throughout the municipality. In 2011, each inhabitant produced in average approximately 587kg of collected urban waste.

No information is available regarding waste production data per waste composition (e.g., organics, glass, plastic and paper) by sector. But aggregated municipal level monthly information is available since 2005to 2012 per waste composition (GESAMB, 2014). The 2012 figures for collected waste are presented in the next table (Table 26).

No organic and energy recycling is currently in place in the municipality and according toGESAMB, the use ofgasesfor the productionofbiogasis currentlyfinancially unviable. Alsothe production ofelectricityby burning wasteisnot feasiblegiven the insufficientamount of waste producedto feed a power plant (CME, 2012). Information on electricity consumption and fuel consumption data of the landfill might be collected upon request to GESAMB.

Livestock data is available from the National Institute of Statics, which might be useful to determine biogas potential.

Table 26 – Urban waste produced by waste composition in 2012

Type of waste Urban waste produced (ton)

Undifferentiated 26 288

Glass 428

Plastic and metal 335

Paper 661

Other Data

Across the municipality ofEvorathere is atotal of12areas for hostingbussinesses and industries grouped inAreas, Centers, IndustrialParksand Markets. Indus- trial areasareseven: AlmeirimNorth, SouthAlmeirim, Graça do Divor, Guadalupe, Horta dasFigueiras, nº1 andTore dosrCoelheiros. There are twoIndustrial Parks-Industrial (500 000m2) and TechnologicalParkof Évoraand its respectivearea of expansion.There is the existence of theIndustrialCentre ofAzaruja. Évora has also twomarkets - theMercado Municipalde Évoraand Mercado Fornecedorof the regionof Évora (AMDE, 2008b).

Important industries, within the municipality geographical area, industries are mainly related to electronics and aeronautics, located in the industrial park and near the aerodrome. The identification of the location of the main industries is available on the municipality GIS database.

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Aggregated industrial sector energy consumption (oil products, natural gas and electricity) is available for the municipality (DGEG, 2014a, b, c). Information is disaggregated for the industries of: food and beverage, mineral extraction, pharmaceuticals and chemical products, cloths, metal and electronics, among others.

Data on the specific characteristics of the various industries within the city geographical area is very scattered and might be difficult to collect. Figure 26 present the location of several parks and areas of industrial activity in Évora and surrounding municipalities. Figure 27 portrays the outline of an industrial area on the city GIS database and Figure 28 is the picture of the Embraer industrial unit.

Figure 26 - Location of several parks and areas of industrial activity in Évora and surrounding

municipalities (2007) (AMDE, 2008a)

Figure 27- Industrial area outline sample map (1:1 000) (PDME, 2012)

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Figure 28 - Industrial Units of Embraer in the Aeronautical Industrial Park of Évora (CME, 2014b)

Decentralised Energy Supply and facilities

In this section we present the available information related to power and gas networks, decentralised energy supply as cogeneration power plants and solar technologies.

The municipality of Évora holds several maps on the electricity and natural gas networks as presented in Figure 29 and 30.

Figure 29 – High (150/60KV) and medium (30/15KV) voltage network (PDME, 2012)

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Figure 30 - Natural gas network sample (1:1 000) (PDME, 2012)

The valuesof insolation, high in all the Alentejo, are in the municipality of Évora of more than2 950 hoursannually, increasing fromwesttoeast(more than 3 000 hoursto the eastof the limits of themunicipality) (PDME, 2012). These figures show the potential of the region to explore solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies.

Within the municipality of Évora there are already several mini and micro solar photovoltaicinstalled facilities. Microandminiproduction facilities aresmall-scaledecentralized production ofelectricitythroughsmall powerinstallationsactivities, which are regulated in Portugal by:

• Micro generation – Decree-Law n. º 363/2007, November 2nd, updated by the Decree-Law n. º 118-A/2010, October de 25th, and by the Decree-Law n. º 25/2013, February 19th.

• Mini generation– the Decree-Law n. º 34/2011, March 8th, and updated by the Decree-Law n. º 25/2013, of February 19th.

According to the Ministry of Economy and Employment the municipality of Évora had in 2008 only 48.40kW growing to 1061.59kW in 2013 of solar photovoltaic installed capacity(MEE, 2013) (Figure 31). The identification of the PV panels at individual locations is available from EDP.

No information is available for the municipality on solar thermal installed capacity and production. There are no district heating and cooling infrastructures at the municipality.

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Figure 31 – Solar PV installed capacity in Évora (MEE, 2013)

The municipality does not have standalone cogeneration plants,but the wastewater treatment plant of Évora has a cogeneration plant running on biogas and natural gas.

The cogeneration plant was installed in 2005 running in parallel to the grid, having an electrical power of 170kWe and a thermal power of 260kWt (TurbomarEnergia, 2014) (Figure 32).

Figure 32 – Cogeneration Plant at Évora’s wastewater plant (TurbomarEnergia, 2014)

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5. Gaps Identified Supported on the policies and plans review and on the first data collection assessment (GIS maps and energy data) a few gaps were identified that need to be overcame in the next tasks of the project, specially through the conduction of the Task 1.2. Survey. The main gapsidentified are linked to:

• buildings stock characterization and households’ structure and consumption profiles. As described in Section 4.2, some information is available on the building stock at the parish level in the Census 2011, but a coherent dataset of information compiling all the needed characteristics for InSMART development within the same sample is preferable. The extensive database on the buildings stock inside the city wall is outdated and should also be improved.

There is no available information on specific energy consumption inside households like type of heating and cooling equipment’s, ownership of electrical equipment and energy consumption by end use (lighting, cooling, refrigeration, etc.). No statistical information is available regarding households biomass consumption.

The survey that will be done on Task 1.2 should cover all this and also households’ characteristics (e.g., area, number of persons, age, sex, education, icnome) to increase the knowledge on their energy consumption profiles.

All this information will be valuable not only for the GIS map municipal building stock characterisation (Task 1.3 of WP1) but also for the selection of buildings typologies to be assessed in WP2 on the integrated assessment through the TIMES model (WP5).

• transport sector detailed consumption and characterization. A specific transport survey (e.g. traffic counting and traffic movement characteristics) should be conducted in order to obtain knowledge on intra municipal traffic flows, city fleet stock characteristics and associated fuel consumption. Furthermore there are not available any plans for changes in land use in the future (e.g. major new developments). Details on the location, quantity and type of any future planned developments are needed toidentify changes in land use between the 2014 base year and 2028 forecast year.Details on planned changes to the relevant transport infrastructure will be required, along with likelihood of going ahead.

• industries sub sectors energy consumption and characterization.

• decentralize energy supply. No municipal solar map is available. This would help to identify solar technologies use potential. Furthermore, no statistical information is available on the solar thermal technologies installed capacity and production and on the photovoltaic electricity production.

Other relevant information regarding energy consumption and electricity production at wastes, wastewater and water facilities exist but its collection is underway.

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6. References • ACA, 2012. Relatório e Contas 2012. [Annual Report and accounts 2012].

Águas do Centro Alentejo, S.A.Available at: [http://www.aguasdocentroalentejo.pt/]

• ACA, 2013. Water and Wastewater systems.Águas do Centro Alentejo S.A. Available at: [http://www.aguasdocentroalentejo.pt/]

• AMDE, 2008a. Programa Territorial de Desenvolvimentodo Alentejo Central [TerritorialDevelopment Programof Central Alentejo]. Associação de Municípios do Distrito de Évora.

• ARECBA, 2006. Planos de OptimizaçãoEnergéticaMunicipais. [MunicipalEnergyOptimizationPlan].Município de Évora. Agência Regional de Energiado Centro e Baixo Alentejo.

• CME, 2006. CartaEducativadoConcelho de Évora. [Report on the Municipality of Évora] Municipality of Évora.

• CME, 2012. Plano de AcçãoparaaEnergiaSustentável de Évora [Action Plan for Sustainable Energy]. Covenant of Mayors.Municipality of Évora.

• CME, 2014a. Évora, A Cidade.[The city of Évora] Municipality of Évora. Available at: [www.cm-evora.pt]

• CME, 2014b. Évora towards smartcity. Presentation at the 1stInSMART project meeting at CRES (Athens). Municipality of Évora. January 2014.

• CME, CIMAC and FCT/UNL, 2011. Plano de Acção e Estrutura de Monitorização da Agenda 21 [Local Agenda XXI – Action and Monitoring Plan]. Municipality of Évora.

• DDE-CME, 2013. Curiosidades – O Turismo Municipal emnúmeros.GuiaTuristico de Évora. Tourism Department, Municipality of Évora.

• DGEG, 2014a. Electricity consumption. Department of Planning and Statistics. General directorate for energy and geology. Available at: [www.dgeg.pt]

• DGEG, 2014b. Natural Gas consumption. Department of Planning and Statistics. General directorate for energy and geology. Available at: [www.dgeg.pt]

• DGEG, 2014c. Oil products Sales. Department of Planning and Statistics. General directorate for energy and geology. Available at: [www.dgeg.pt]

• EDP, 2010. InovCity Évora. EDP – Energias de Portugal. Available at: [wwww.inovcity.pt]

• GESAMB, 2014. Waste collection Data. GESAMB, GestãoAmbiental e de Residuos. Available at: [www.gesamb.pt]

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• Hidroprojecto, 1996. Plano Diretor de ResíduosSólidos do Distrito de Évora [Municipal Solid Wastes Master Plan for the Évora District]. Hidroprojecto.

• INE, 2011. CENSUS 2011. National Institute of Statistics. Lisbon. • INE, 2012. Inquérito às Despesas das Familias 2010/2011. [Household

Budget Survey 2010/2011]. National Institue of Statistics. • INE, 2013a. The Territory 2011. Alentejo Region. National Institute of

Statistics. • INE, 2013b. Estatisticas da Construção e Habitação 2012. [Housing and

Construction Statistics 2012]. National Statistics Institute. Lisbon. • INE, DGEG, 2011. InquéritoaoConsumo de Energia no Sector Doméstico.

[Survey on energy consumption in households]. National Institute of Statistics. Directorate for Energy and Geology.

• IPA-CME, 2007. Inventário do PatrimónioArquitetónico (IPA) [City Centre Inventory]. Management plan for the Historic City Centre. Municipality of Évora.

• MADE, 2008b. Caracterização de ZonasIndustriais dos Municípios da Rede de GADE’s do Distrito de Évora. [Characterization of Évora district Industrial Areas]Associação de Municípios do Distrito de Évora.

• MEE, 2013.RenováveisnaHora - Sistema de Registo de Microprodução e Miniprodução [micro and mini generation]. Ministry of Economy and Employment. Available at: [http://www.renovaveisnahora.pt/web/srm]

• PDME, 2007. Report – Vol. I/ Diagnostic. Plano Director Municipal de Évora [Évora City Master Plan]. Municipality of Évora.

• PDME, 2012. Plano Director Municipal de Évora [Évora City Master Plan]. Municipality of Évora.

• PORDATA, 2014. Figures of municipalities and regions of Portugal – Évora. PORDATA databases. Foundation Francisco Manuel dos Santos. Available at: [www.pordata.pt]

• PROTA, 2010. Plano Regional de Ordenamento Territorial do Alentejo [RegionalSpatial DevelopmentPlan of Alentejo]. Resolution of the Council of Ministries nº53/2010. Diary of the Republic, 1st series, nº 148, August 2nd 2010.

• PUE, 2011. Plano de Urbanização de Évora [Urban Plan of Évora]. Municipality of Évora.

• Simplicio, D., 2013. A cidade de Évora e a relevânciadocentrohistórico in A nova vida do velhocentronascidadesportuguesas e brasileiras. Faculdade de Letras da Universidadedo Porto.

• TurbomarEnergia, 2014. Etar de Évora. Available at: [www.turbomar.pt] • UNESCO/CLT/WHC, 2009. Historic Centre of Évora. United Nations

Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Culture Commission and World Heritage Convention. Available at: [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/361/]

• WHC, 2009. Historic Centre of Évora. World Heritage Convention.

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Current Status Analysis Report Evora - InSmart · TREVO – TransportesRodoviários de Évora...

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