CSR & Participation

CSRD 27 September 2010

Introduction

Summary (short – of CSR & Impact Assessment)

Exercise: CSR and Participation Presentation:

CSR and Participation

Course Outline

Structure Overview: CSR and Dev. 2010 Cross-Cutting Themes

Impact Assessment Participation

Current Topics Codes of Conduct, SMEs, Ethical trading, GVCs.

Summary & Integration

Summary

What Is CSR Impact Assessment?

Summary

What Is CSR Impact Assessment?An assessment, as objective as possible, of the long-

term intended and unintended consequences of CSR-interventions

Note: CSR Evaluation: An assessment, as objective as possible, of the relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, and impact of CSR interventions

Summary

What Do We Know About CSR’s Impacts?

Summary

What Do We Know About CSR’s Impacts? Mainly about the business caseOtherwise little, likeCSR initiatives work for some firms

(workers, communities etc), in some places, in tackling some issues, some of the time (Newell, 2005)

PPP Impact Assessment

Assumptions (Lund-Thomsen 2009) Interest in Knowing Effects Truth Out There To Be Discovered We Can Discover the Truth Will Generate More Comparative Evidence

Politics of Assessing Impact Whose interests do PPP IAs serve? IAs: Story to Written, Negotiation/Resistance

PPP Impact Assessment

Politics of Impact Assessment Issues/Voices Included or Excluded? Context Specificity

Impact Assessment Criteria (Utting and Zammit, 2009) Functional & Performance Selectivity Policy Coherence

Exercise: CSR and Participation

Consider how to ensure ‘proper participation’ of local communities in CSR interventions – the case of South Africa Who? When? How? What issues?

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Exercise: CSR and Participation

Consider how to ensure ‘proper participation’ of local communities in CSR interventions – the case of South Africa Who? When? How? What issues?

CSR and Participation

What is a participatory approach to IA? Empowerment, process, accessible tools (Mayoux & Chambers, 2005)

Why Is It Relevant? Design, Implementation, Monitoring, and IA Southern-Centred Perspectives ”The world of CSR would look very different

if the priorities of poorer groups were put first” Capture local priorities/diversity of voices Increases skills, knowledge, networks

CSR and Participation

Where Is It Relevant? Resource extraction industries

Oil, gas, mining, etc. Labour and pollution-intensive domestic/

export industries Textile, leather, footwear, etc.

CSR and Participation

Structural Conditions (Omeje 2008) MNCs During Colonialism

Colonies Used for Resource Extraction Advance Industrialization in the West Right to Raise Taxes, Maintain Armies Forced Labour, Compulsory Cash Crop Production ’Self-sustaining, organic economies to resource

extraction economies’

CSR and Participation

Rentier State Resource Extraction Continues Dependent on Revenues from MNCs Rents monopolized by Elites ’Masses Not Benefitting’ No Development of Productive Sectors MNCs Complicit in a System

That Produces Underdevelopment

CSR and Participation

Dilemmas: Corporations - Community (Newell & Garvey 2005)

What is participation? Citizen control, delegated power, partnership, placation,

consultation, informing, therapy or manipulation?

What is a community? Gender, age, religion, geography, ethnicity, income?

CSR and Participation

Dilemmas: Corporations -> Community (Continued)

Unrealistic Assumptions Innocent, naive, ’good’ community members,

(women) workers etc. Who defines and who qualifies as a

stakeholder? How are stakeholder views weighed?

CSR and Participation

Community -> Corporation (Newell & Garvey 2005) Effectiveness of strategies

State-Based State-corporate, state-community, vulnerability

to int. pressure, access to information, legal framework Company-Based

Multiple levels, level of vulnerability, approach to participation

Community-Based Powerlessness, livelihood options,

intra-community dynamics, representation

Next Session (Week 40)

Value Chains, Codes of Conduct and Impact on the working conditions in the textiles and clothing industry (SJ) Neilson and Pritchard (2009): Value Chain Analysis & Local Institutions Jenkins et al. (2002): Codes of Conduct

Strengths and Weaknesses Ethical Trading Initiative (2006): ETI Code of Labour Practice Nelson et al. (2007): Impacts of Codes .. Bezuidenhout & Jeppesen (forthcoming): The Impact of Labour Codes

of Conduct on the Working Conditions …