CSEN: Southern Bulgan Province Program · Age khirigsuur complexes, Xiongnu/Khunnu imperial...

CSEN: Southern Bulgan Province Program 2015

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THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF EURASIAN NOMADS Educational Field Program MONGOLIA: Southern Bulgan Province

ESSENTIAL PROGRAM INFORMATION Dates: July 22nd through 30th Application Deadline: June 20th

Full Contribution Deadline: July 1st

Participant Requirements:

No previous experience required

Previous travel or wilderness experience a plus

Program Contact:

[email protected]

Participant Contribution: $1,490

(tax-deductible when made to CSEN)

Number of Participants: 4-10 Acceptance Type: Rolling notification1

PROGRAM OVERVIEW

The southern region of Bulgan Province between the Tuul and Orkhon rivers is home

to numerous ruins, graves, and monuments of modern, medieval, and ancient Mongolia that

shape the movements of nomadic families herding sheep, goat, horse, cattle, and camels

across sand dunes, rocky hills, and rolling steppe. In the center of this landscape is the Elst Ar

site, a cemetery of the first empire in Inner Asia that is the focus of ongoing archaeological

research conducted by the Mongolian University of Science and Technology. This 9-day

educational program in Bulgan Province will incorporate archaeological field research,

academic instruction and lectures, cultural engagement, outdoor activities, and adventurous

backcountry reconnaissance in order for participants to gain a multi-faceted, meaningful

understanding of the Land of Eternal Blue Heaven.

1 Full participant contribution will not be due until the minimum number of participants (4) have been accepted.

All participants will be notified of final program status before July 1st.

mailto:[email protected]


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About the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads

The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads (CSEN) is a 501(c)3 non-profit

educational organization founded by Dr. Jeannine Davis-Kimball in 1989. Since its

foundation, CSEN has supported international collaborative research, scholarly publications,

and educational field programs in Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and from the broader Eurasian

steppe. More information about programming, publications, and academic ventures may be

found at the organization’s website (csen.org).

Table of Contents

Program Schedule………………………………………………………….....3-4 Program Map……………………………………………………………………5 Participant Contribution……………………………………………………...5-6 Program Staff………………………………………………………………....6-7 Health and Safety………………………………………………………….….7-9 Travel Information…………………………………………………………..9-11 In the Field………………………………………………………………....11-17 List of Required & Recommended Items………………………………….18-21 Suggested Readings…………………………………………………….…..22-23 Application Form…………………………………………………………..24-28 Release/Assumption of Risk Form………………………………………...…..29 Code of Conduct Form……………………………………………………..30-33

Horse herd: rock art in Suujiin Valley, Bulgan Province


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Program Schedule2

July 21st : Arrival

Program participants arrive in Ulaanbaatar and are met by a program representative,

who will escort them to overnight accommodations.

July 22nd (Day 1) : Introduction to the history and religions of Mongolia

Our team heads to Gandan monastery for morning services, then to the National

Museum of Mongolia for an expert-led tour through Mongolia’s prehistory, history,

traditional culture, and modern politics. After lunch, Dr. Erdenebold will give us a private

lecture at the Mongolian University of Science and Technology. In the afternoon our team

will depart the capital for the east bank of the Tuul River, where we will explore and camp

near earthwork medieval ruins. Our field instructors will begin the program-long hands-on

educational training for all participants, to be expanded at each archaeological site and

ethnographic context our team explores.

July 23rd (Day 2) : Camel riding and Khungun Khan Buddhist monastery

After breakfast at basecamp, our team will scout the remaining earthen walled sites on

the east bank of the Tuul River, then travel towards the Elsen Tasarkhai sand dunes in

southwestern Bulgan Province. We will have lunch and visit with the family of camel

herders who will lead us on camelback through the dunes, departing in the early afternoon for

the Buddhist monastery Khungun Khan. Khungun Khan is located in the red rock hills of the

a national protected area, which itself is home to elusive mountain goats (yangir), large

raptors, and the Ikh Khan Uul ovoo worship site. Our team will observe at the ovoo site and

examine nearby ancient memorial sites that constitute this sacred landscape.

July 24th (Day 3) : Archaeology of Suujiin Valley

Our team will conduct reconnaissance in the main floodplain and adjacent hills, where

previous research has revealed archaeological sites from a variety of time periods: Bronze

Age khirigsuur complexes, Xiongnu/Khunnu imperial cemeteries and low earthen walls, and

multi-period rock art panels.

July 25th (Day 4) : Archaeology of Sumyn Am and backcountry survey

Survey the Sumyn Am dale, where the ruins of a Buddhist monastery are flanked by

Bronze Age burials, rock art, and other features. After lunch we will travel over the fells to 2 The field program schedule is subject to change based on weather conditions, unforeseeable events, and the

discretion of field instructors. The current schedule is a guideline rather than a strict itinerary. Unless otherwise noted, all program team members will overnight in tents at temporary basecamps each night.


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the west, reconnoitering through sparsely-populated backcountry search of undocumented

archaeological sites.

July 26th (Day 5) : Medieval Mongolia and the Elst Ar site

Come down out of the hills to the plain near Khar Bukhyn Balgas, a medieval-period

fortress ruins with stacked rock construction and an associated Buddhist stupa built before the

time of Chinggis Khan. In the afternoon we will arrive at our basecamp site for the next few

days of pedestrian survey, archaeological exploration, and ethnographic interactions with

local herding families near the Elst Ar site.

July 27th through July 29th (Days 6, 7, 8) : Archaeology and ethnography of the western Tuul

River floodplain

In the mornings we will conduct pedestrian survey around the Elst Ar site. Survey

aims to characterize the landscape around the Xiongnu/Khunnu cemetery at Elst Ar in terms

of archaeological features from other time periods, settlements from the Xiongnu/Hunnu

period, and overall topography and ecology. After lunch each day, we will visit a nearby site

of historical significance and/or a local nomadic family. Sites include: late medieval fortress

ruins of Tsogt Taij, the Turk imperial underground tomb (now famously on exhibit at the

Kharkhorin Museum), and the medieval site of Chin Tolgoi.

During this three-day period, we will arrange for some horseback riding on the steppe

with local herders and keep our ears open for any community festivals or events that we can

attend in the area. On our final night at the Elst Ar basecamp, we will have a traditional

steppe barbeque (khorkhog) and open our celebration to locals who have been friendly with

us.

July 30th (Day 9) : Return to Ulaanbaatar

Today we journey back to Ulaanbaatar after breaking camp and visiting the medieval

earthwork ruins on the west bank of the Tuul River. In Ulaanbaatar we will have a farewell

dinner to celebrate the successful completion of the program. Participants will stay overnight

in a guesthouse unless they have made other arrangements.

July 31st : Departure

A program driver will be available to take all participants to the airport or train station

today for their departure from Mongolia. Participants are encouraged to extend their time in

Mongolia after the end of the program, although they will have to make their own plans.


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Participant Contribution

The participant contribution of $1,490 to the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads, a

501(c)3 non-profit organization, for 2015 educational field programming is tax-deductible.

Your contribution will cover expenses for the following:

- Accommodations in Ulaanbaatar on the nights of July 21st and 30th (shared guesthouse rooming; if you would like to upgrade your Ulaanbaatar accommodations to a private guesthouse room or a hotel at additional cost, please let us know well in advance) - July 21st pick-up and July 31st drop-off at Buyant-Ukh/Chinggis Khan International Airport or the Ulaanbaatar train station - Support staff and field instructors for the duration of the program - All entrance fees for museums, temples, and other sites visited as part of the program schedule - A private lecture in Ulaanbaatar by Dr. Erdenebold, a distinguished archaeologist and professor at the Mongolian University of Science and Technology - All program-related transportation costs - Three meals a day during the program (including the farewell dinner in Ulaanbaatar) - Outdoor activities (e.g., horseback riding, hiking, camel riding, local festival participation) - Program equipment rental - Visits to nomadic families in rural Mongolia

Map of key program locations in Central Mongolia


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***Participant contribution does not cover: international airfare, activities beyond the

program dates, personal purchases, alcohol, upgraded Ulaanbaatar accommodations, health or

travel insurance, or any expenses not directly related to this 9-day program and its itinerary.

Contact the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads for further clarification***

Program Staff FIELD INSTRUCTORS

Emma HITE (M.A.) is a doctoral candidate in the Department of

Anthropology at the University of Chicago and a 2014-2015

Fulbright-Hays Fellow conducting dissertation research on the

Elst Ar site. Ms. Hite specializes in bioarchaeology,

zooarchaeology, and archaeological theory. A Seattle native, she

has been working in Mongolia since 2005.

Vanchigdash CHULUUNKHUU (M.A.) is a lecturer at the

Mongolian University of Science and Technology and a doctoral

candidate at the National University of Mongolia. Mr.

Chuluunkhuu supervises the Ancient Technologies Research

Center and specializes in physical anthropology. He is a native of

Zavkhan Province and has previously conducted fieldwork at the

Elst Ar site.

Archaeological survey in Suujiin Valley, Bulgan Province


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GUEST LECTURER

Dr. Erdenebold is a professor at the Mongolian University of Science and

Technology. A distinguished archaeologist, Dr. Erdenebold has led numerous field

expeditions throughout Mongolia and serves on the national archaeological field research

supervising committee. He specializes in the archaeology of medieval Mongolia and ceramic

analysis.

SUPPORT STAFF

Our field instructors will be assisted by Mongolian support staff tailored for the needs

of the program team. The staff will at a minimum include a cook and a driver. Additional

support staff, such as a Mongolian program assistant and more drivers, will join our team if

necessary. The program’s support staff is responsible for the well-being and daily needs of

the team.

PROGRAM LANGUAGE

The Southern Bulgan Province field program’s official language is English.

However, our Mongolian support staff and the local community members will have little or

no English-language communication skills. The field instructors together can carry out most

necessary translation but program participants should be comfortable traveling, working, and

socializing in contexts where English is not spoken. Part of the cultural immersion that

comes with field experiences involves being comfortable with gaps in understanding and

miscommunications. Our program staff will provide some basic Mongolian language

instruction so that participants can engage more meaningfully with the staff and community

members. Participants can acquire introductory Mongolian skills – greetings, simple phrases,

key vocabulary – through the course of the program. Moreover, in all ethnographic

encounters, good will and a positive attitude are much more important than language skills.

Health and Safety

ULAANBAATAR

While in Ulaanbaatar, please stay with the CSEN team and let the program staff know

if you plan to conduct any activities separate from the group or the program itinerary.

Travelers are regularly targeted for pickpocketing, robbery, and scams in the city. There are

some issues with anti-foreigner sentiments in Ulaanbaatar, particularly after dark or from

drunks (alcoholism is a serious problem in Mongolia), and it can be difficult to predict how

serious or risky an encounter is before it is too late. Our program staff will be happy to

provide you with tips and instructions to increase the chance that your time in Ulaanbaatar


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will be pleasant and uneventful. However, the best strategy is to stay with the group at all

times.

IN THE FIELD

Access to healthcare in rural Mongolia is very limited and medical care quality in

Mongolia is not comparable to that in the US. Minor problems will be dealt with as well as

possible by program staff and field instructors. Program participants need to bring some

supplies with them: Band-Aids of all sizes, antibacterial disinfectant (Neosporin, iodine

wipes), Ibuprofen (or comparable), Tums, Pepto-Bismol tablets, Imodium, insect repellant,

Aloe gel, and any prescriptions and personal healthcare items that you made need for the

entirety of your time in Mongolia. Please consult the List of Required and Recommended

Items for more on this subject. More serious problems and injuries will be stabilized as best

as possible until the injured party can be transported back to Ulaanbaatar.

All program participants must have Emergency Medical Evacuation coverage for the

duration of the program. Proof of Emergency Medical Evacuation coverage must be

presented to one of the field instructors on the first day of the program. Any participant who

fails to present appropriate proof will forfeit their contribution and be dismissed from the

program. This policy is for your own safety, health, and well-being. Mongolian healthcare

providers usually do not accept foreign insurance coverage. You will need to discuss the

Bactrian camel train in Elsen Tasarkhai:

one way of staying with the group!


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particulars of your situation with your health insurance provider so that you know what

would be involved if you needed emergency or regular medical care in Mongolia. This is

your responsibility to organize and pay; CSEN, the field instructors, and Mongolian support

staff will assist you but the program and CSEN are not liable for any accident, injury, or

illness you suffer as a program participant. Please consult the CSEN 2015 field program

Waiver (Release/Assumption of Risk form) for more information about insurance and health

issues.

Travel Information

International travel and any trips not specifically included in the 2015 CSEN field

program in Mongolia are not covered by the program contribution. If you are delayed at any

point during your travel to Mongolia, please contact the CSEN and/or program staff via e-

mail and/or phone. We will provide you with emergency contact numbers before you leave

for Mongolia.

IMMUNIZATIONS AND HEALTH WARNINGS

Mongolia does not officially require foreigners to present any verification of

immunizations for entry into the country. Mongolia’s extreme continental climate means that

most of the more dangerous infectious diseases transmitted by insect/pest, air, food, and/or

drink are not an issue. The programs recommends but does not require the following

vaccinations: Hepatitis A&B, rabies, tetanus, typhoid, and diphtheria. Program participants

should consult their healthcare provider and the Center for Disease Control

(http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/mongolia) for more information

about health and medical issues related to their participation in the 2015 field program.

AIR TRAVEL

Flying is the easiest way to get to Mongolia. Flights from Beijing, Seoul, Hong Kong,

Tokyo, and Moscow arrive and depart from the Buyant-Ukhaa International Airport in

Ulaanbaatar. There are no direct flights from the Americas or Western Europe to Mongolia at

this time. Check with your airline company about baggage fees (some airlines require you to

pick up and re-check your bags in your connecting city), transfer policies, and visa

requirements for your city/cities of transit.

A program representative will meet you at the airport in Ulaanbaatar after you’ve

gone through passport control and claimed your baggage. After you claim your baggage, do

not leave the waiting area or your bags, and do not go with anyone unless they are a project

representative and/or a Mongolian official. You will have the cell phone contact information

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/mongolia


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for our program staff should you need to contact us while at the airport in Ulaanbaatar. We

encourage you to pack your passport and an emergency set of items (change of clothing,

toiletries, your money, etc.) in your carry-on luggage or on your person (whichever is safer)

in the event that your checked luggage gets lost.

OTHER OPTIONS

Travelers can reach Ulaanbaatar by train from Beijing or via the Trans-Siberian

railway. These options are more time-consuming but worthwhile if you are up for an

adventure. Please notify program staff well in advance if you do not intend to fly to Mongolia

so that we can plan to pick you up at the main passenger train station in Ulaanbaatar. A

Russian or Chinese visa is required for US citizens traveling via train, depending on the

route; please plan accordingly.

GETTING AROUND ULAANBAATAR

A program representative will be available to pick you up at the airport the day before

your program starts and drop you off at the project guesthouse/apartment in Ulaanbaatar. If

you decide to arrive in Mongolia more than 24 hours before the program starts, you will need

to let us know and make your own arrangements to join up with the team on the evening

before the program starts.

Downtown Ulaanbaatar is traversable on foot and is also served by buses,

trolleybuses, and taxis. As noted previously, program participants will not have a lot of time

to explore the city on their own before our team conducts first day activities (Gandan

monastery visit, guided tour of the National Museum of Mongolia, and lecture by Dr.

Erdenebold) and heads out to the field. You are advised to stay with the program team or

other participants if you want to explore Ulaanbaatar. Be prepared for delays and difficult

traffic conditions when traveling in, out of, and through Ulaanbaatar by car or bus.

FIELD LOGISTICS

Our team will travel in 4-wheel drive vehicles, depending on the size of our group, on

a combination of poorly-maintained paved roads, dirt tracks, and off-road in Mongolian

backcountry. There is some decent paved road leading out of Ulaanbaatar but expect difficult

traffic while getting out of the city and rough road (or off-road) conditions after a certain

point. Riding in program vehicles is not particularly comfortable, especially when going off-

road, so be prepared for a bumpy ride. Those prone to carsickness are recommended to take

precautions.


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VISAS

US citizens do not need a Visa to stay in Mongolia for 90 days or less. US citizens

staying longer than 30 days in Mongolia must register with Mongolian Immigration. Please

bear this in mind when planning your participant in the CSEN program. If you are not a US

citizen, it is your responsibility to look up the Visa requirements for your country of

citizenship as they apply to Mongolia. There are no citizenship requirements to participate in

the CSEN field program.

IN THE FIELD

The Southern Bulgan Province field program involves living in scrub-desert, mixed

scrub-steppe, and steppe environments over the course of 9 days (8 nights in tents).

Fieldwork in rural Mongolia is rewarding but challenging, as plans and conditions can

change, for better or for worse, at the drop of a hat. A positive, flexible outlook is essential

for all volunteers! Volunteers should be in good physical condition and prepared to undertake

a variety of physical tasks related to archaeological research and life at basecamp while

remaining in good spirits. Emma Hite, our US field instructor, has previously worked with

international volunteers and participants ranging from senior citizens to first-year college

students on previous archaeological and other field projects in Mongolia; her experience is

that a volunteer’s a cheerful attitude and a good work ethic are far more valuable than their

physical prowess or previous experience. We want everyone involved to have a positive

experience this summer.


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BASECAMP

During the majority of their program participation, volunteers will live in temporary

program basecamps set up along our route through rural Mongolia along with the rest of the

program team (field instructors and Mongolian support staff). Field conditions in rural

Mongolia are beautiful but rugged, as the project is located a considerable distance from any

towns, permanent infrastructure, or utilities services. Weather is unpredictable and volunteers

should be prepared for the extremes of all four seasons. Please consult the List of Required

and Recommended Items, as this list will be your best guide to proper preparation for your

time in the program.

SLEEPING

Participants should plan to bring their own tents, sleeping bags, and sleeping mats for

camping; however, they may also rent this equipment here in Mongolia for the duration of the

program. Our program can secure these rental items for you but they are very likely to be of

lower quality than what you can bring with you.

Temperature in Mongolia fluctuates rapidly from night to day, even during the height

of summer, and our area may experience high winds, rainstorms. During the height of

summer, snow and frost are not unheard of during a cold snap. Mongolia is known as the

Land of Blue Sky and Mongolians consider themselves blessed by Eternal Blue Heaven. The

brilliant blue sky and glorious cloud formations are as beautiful as the sunlight is intense.

While Mongolia is generally quite arid, July and August fall during the rainy season. We

recommend that you bring a tent that can withstand high winds and heavy rain. While you

may get too hot during the day, your sleeping bag should be able to withstand the cold and

you should have a decent sleeping pad to insulate you from the ground. Just because it is

summer doesn’t mean that it won’t get very cold, especially at night!

We strongly urge you to bring enough clothing to deal with all extremes and types of

weather. You should bring at least one set of thermals or long underwear, cold weather hat

and gloves, socks of both thin and heavy weight, sweaters or Polar Fleece zip-ups, long pants,

a rain slicker or poncho, and other clothes for layering. Layering is the key to dealing with

Mongolia’s temperamental weather! Please consult the List of Required and Recommended

Items for more details.

EATING AND DRINKING

Our program cook will prepare, serve, and clean up after three meals a day, from

staples of the traditional Mongolian diet: mutton or goat, rice, noodles, and potatoes,

supplemented with vegetables. However, as members of a field team, everyone is expected to


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help with camp duties when asked. Prospective program participants with special dietary

requirements should consult with us during the application process.

Program participants are encouraged to bring some favorite spices and seasonings

from home (like A-1 sauce or curry powder) to liven up camp meals. Bringing some favorite

snacks and treats from home is a great idea: dried fruit, peanut butter, Nutella, hard candy,

powdered drink flavoring, and other small, light items will improve your experience in the

field. Tums and multi-vitamins, though more medicinal, will help you adjust to a different

diet. All program participants will share communal utensils, dishes, bowls, and cups. You

may bring a personal set with you, but don’t be surprised if others use it or parts go missing

(the nature of communal living!). There may be opportunities to buy snacks and cold drinks

from small towns as our team travels across the countryside.

When visiting the homes and festivals of local herders, you may be fortunate enough

to be offered samples of traditional Mongolian cuisine, such as aruul (sweet hardened cheese

curds), suutei tsai (‘milky tea’ – the recipe varies by region and household), uruum (cooked

cream spread), and airag (fermented mare’s milk, a particular specialty of the project’s

region). Our field instructors will educate program participants on the relevant etiquette and

traditions before each visit, but participants are expected to politely sample and praise the

home-cooking of our generous Mongolian hosts.

Milking mares during airag-

producing season in Bulgan Province


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Mongolia is an arid country. The program will draw its water from wells and rivers

along its route for cooking, cleaning, and drinking. Participants are strongly recommended to

bring a personal water purification system with them from home: a filtration pump, water

purification tablets, and at least one sealable container that can hold over 1L of water. The

program will provide bottled water to all participants and staff, but this process increases the

amount of waste our team leaves in local communities and CSEN aims to make as little

impact on the ecosystem as possible. Thus, the more water that we can draw from wells and

rivers and purify for ourselves, the better. Staying hydrated is hugely important, especially

while working under the hot summer sun. You need to drink at least 3 liters of water every

day, likely more if it’s particularly hot or you’ve been particularly active (pedestrian survey,

horseback riding).

The meat in our diet will come primarily from goat and sheep purchased from local

herders, which will be slaughtered and butchered by our Mongolian staff with the help of

these locals. These animals lead free-range, all-natural lives and their meat should be

appreciated. If you are uncomfortable with animal slaughter, butchery, or seeing parts of an

animal hanging to dry, you should reconsider your plan to join the program. These activities

and sights are a fundamental reality of the mobile pastoral lifeway in modern Mongolia, so

you may see them at basecamp, during visits to the homes of local herders, or during other

program activities. As a participant in a CSEN program, you will be expected to keep any

negative reactions or opinions to these and other aspects of Mongolian life yourself in order

not to offend or upset our Mongolian staff and hosts. The Center for the Study of Eurasian

Nomads is committed to positive, ethical relations with the local communities involved in

any of our programs, and as program team members, participants will act accordingly

FACILITIES

Clean is a relative term. Fieldwork and adventuring involve getting dirty and being

comfortable with few amenities, lower standards of cleanliness, and breaking out of your

normal routine. All of this will be especially true for our time in rural Mongolia. Most days

our team will have no access to major water sources; there should be opportunities to bathe in

the Tuul River July 27th through 29th if so desired.

There will be no plumbing once our program leaves Ulaanbaatar. Our team will have

opportunities to bathe in rivers and lakes upon occasion, but not daily. Bring a swimsuit,

sandals, biodegradable and environment-friendly soap, a towel, and other personal hygiene

supplies (toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, deodorant, moisturizing lotion, chapstick: see

the List of Required and Recommended Items) as necessary.


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‘Facilities’ in rural Mongolia include: pit toilets with varying degrees of privacy and

‘steppe toilets’ (a convenient spot far from others). In addition to other personal supplies,

volunteers are encouraged to bring soft toilet paper from home and travel-sized containers of

hand sanitizer, Handi-wipes, facial wipes, and Kleenex. Those who are overly modest or

concerned about cleanliness are encouraged to think hard about the realities of fieldwork and

travel in Mongolia.

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS

Program participants should not bring any electronic items that cannot be powered by

batteries, as there will be no available electrical source at basecamp or within the project area.

Bring enough batteries to power your personal devices, especially your flashlight. Please also

include some extra batteries (AA and AAA) for emergencies and to share with other project

participants. You may wish to bring a solar charger for your batteries or electronics, as many

local herders in the area power their TV sets and charge their cell phones in this way. There is

neither internet access nor reliable cell phone reception within the project area. Our program

participants can make calls from county seats, but these are several hours away by car and

international calling rates apply. Program participants should not count on communicating

with the outside world while on the project.

HEALTH AND PERSONAL COMFORT IN THE FIELD

All program participants will need to wear good supportive footwear while in the field

to protect their feet, stay warm and dry, and to make outdoor activities easier.

Reconnaissance and survey may require walking up to 5 miles a day over uneven, sometimes

Khar Bukhyn Balgas, the ruins of a

medieval fortress in Bulgan Province


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hilly terrain while carrying some items (at least 1L of water, personal supplies, field

notebook) in your daypack. Field expeditions in rural Mongolia require decent physical

condition and include a regular amount of activity, but having a good attitude is much more

important than being in good shape. Those with chronic health problems or medical concerns

should consult CSEN and their physician for their own safety and comfort before joining the

program. As noted elsewhere, the weather is extremely variable in Mongolia but intense

sunlight and hot days are the norm during summer time. In a steppe environment there is no

natural shade or cover from the sun. Thus, a brimmed hat is required and sunglasses, light-

weight, light-colored long-sleeved shirts and pants are highly recommended. Volunteers must

bring and wear adequate amounts of sunscreen (SPF 30+) in addition to staying hydrated

throughout the day.

Animals are an important part of nomadic life in rural Mongolia. People with a fear

of animals are discouraged from attending, as herd animals and dogs roam free in rural

Mongolia and occasionally through basecamp. All program participants will be respectful and

polite when local herders drop by for unannounced visits as good relations with our hosts and

neighbors is a key part of the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomad’s philosophy. Our

team will have opportunities to engage with these animals several times during the program.

These may horseback riding, camel riding, helping to herd sheep and goat, milking mares,

and perhaps holding young livestock. None of these activities are required and team

members undertake them at their own risk (see the Release/Assumption of Risk form in the

application). If at any time you feel uncomfortable with a program activity or event, please

let the field instructors and Mongolian staff know so that they can make changes accordingly.

FIELD ACTIVITIES

Reconnaissance and Pedestrian Survey

Our team will take a variety of approaches to discovering, identifying, and

documenting sites of archaeological, historical, and/or cultural significance in southern

Bulgan Province. The field instructors will teach participants all methods necessary to carry

out these tasks, provide detailed information about the cultures, historical periods, and belief

systems relevant to each site, and lead the actual fieldwork.

Visits to Nomadic Families

Families in the countryside primarily live in traditional Mongolian ger. Our field

instructors and Mongolian staff will introduce proper Mongolian and ger etiquette, basic

useful greetings and phrases in Mongolian, and other pertinent topics to all participants

before and during these visits. Spending time with local families is one of the most enjoyable


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and authentic ways to learn about Mongolian culture. The team’s time with local nomadic

families will be our primary mode of ethnographic learning and experience.

Guests arriving at a family’s ger are traditionally offered some snacks and drinks and

guests in turn offer something for the family. We recommend that you bring candy, gum, or

small treats as a ‘guest gift’ to the family, although our program staff will have a small store

of these as well. These visits are contingent upon the availability and receptiveness of local

herding families. Most importantly, program participants are expected to be on their best

behavior during home visits.

Optional Activities

Our program participants will ride Bactrian camels in the sand dunes at Elsen

Tasarkhai and horses owned by local herders on the steppe near the Elst Ar site. These

activities are wonderful opportunities for fun and adventure. Hiking and swimming apart

from the program’s main schedule will be available a few times during the 9 days in the field.

Festivals Organized by Local Communities

Summer is Naadam season, the main summer holiday in Mongolia, celebrated in

Ulaanbaatar this year from July 11th–13th. Naadam traditionally includes the Three Manly

Sports – wrestling, archery, and horse-racing – some of which we may see at local Naadam

celebrations in Bulgan Province. This time of year there are also small airag (fermented

mare’s milk) festivals and horse races held throughout rural Mongolia. These events are rare

opportunities for foreigners to experience rural community life in Mongolia and celebrate the

best of summer with our generous hosts and neighbors. Most such events are rarely

publicized and therefore we cannot guarantee which events we will attend, if any. However,

our program will take every opportunity to engage with Mongolian culture and will alter the

program schedule in order to accommodate possibilities for such once-in-a-lifetime events.

Two adjacent khirigsuur Bronze-Age monuments (southern Bulgan

Province)


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LIST OF REQUIRED AND RECOMMENDED ITEMS

Required Items

In the event that a CSEN field program participant does not have the Required Items

by the date stipulated below, the participant will have to withdraw from the project and forfeit

his/her contribution. This policy is for the safety and well-being of the participant, as it will

be an extreme hardship or even impossible to participate in the Southern Bulgan Province

program without the Required Items. Please contact us with your questions before leaving

for Mongolia ([email protected]).

With your final and full contribution to CSEN -Proof of medical insurance coverage for duration of project participation that specifically includes Emergency Medical Evacuation -Signed project Waiver (Release/Assumption of Risk form) -Signed volunteer Code of Conduct July 22nd -Tent that can withstand high winds, rainstorms -Sleeping bag (warm enough for temperatures below 32F) -Sleeping mat (suitable for your sleeping bag) ***Participants may rent a tent, sleeping bag, and sleeping mat from a CSEN affiliate company in Mongolia for the duration of the program. However, you must let us know well in advance if you decide to rent this equipment so that CSEN staff can obtain it in time for the program start-date. CSEN and program staff cannot guarantee that the quality of these items will meet individual standards, although they should be serviceable for a 9-day field program*** -At least one water bottle or sealable container that can hold at least 1L of water -Flashlight -Close-toed shoes for fieldwork (hiking boots, steel-toed work boots, etc.) -Hat with brim for protection from sun -Rain slicker/poncho with hood -Adequate clothing (see Recommendations below and be prepared for all possible weather conditions!) -Small daypack


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-Field notebook and writing implements for taking notes, recording data, and keeping a personal journal during the program -Any personal medications or prescriptions that you are currently taking or will need while in the field; you will not be able to get them in Mongolia -Sunscreen (SPF 30 minimum) -Additional personal supplies (see Recommendations below)

Recommended Items

These recommendations are based on the personal experiences of Western volunteers

on previous archaeological expeditions in Mongolia. Many of the items listed below are

Required Items for most participants but your individual mileage may vary. Use your

judgment when preparing for your time in Mongolia, as this list is not intended to be

exhaustive. We want our team to have the best possible experience in Mongolia this summer;

you will have a much better time if you’re properly dressed and equipped! Do not count on

being able to borrow the items listed below from other program participants or necessarily

being able to purchase them in Ulaanbaatar. Please contact us before you leave for Mongolia

if you have any questions.

-Water purification system – filter and/or tablets, bottle(s) that hold a combined minimum of

3 liters. This will help cut down on waste associated with buying bottled water in rural

Mongolia. The program will purchase and supply drinking water for all participants, but it is

always advisable to have a personal back-up system for convenience and environmental

impact reduction.

-Field research supplies (optional): personal GPS unit, clipboard, compass, camera -Field mess kit: bowl, spoon, fork, and cup that will get put into rotation in the kitchen tent. The cup should be able to handle hot liquids. These items do not have to be high-quality CLOTHING: -Field wear: 1) full-length canvas or khaki pants for project work (at least 2 pairs) 2) old men’s dress shirts in light colors to wear for project against sun and dirt 3) hiking socks -For hot weather: 1) short-sleeved shirts and/or tank tops

2) shorts 3) sandals for relaxing at basecamp and bathing in the river

-For cold(er) weather: 1) long-sleeved shirts 2) thermals or long underwear


20

3) polar fleece or wool sweaters 4) gloves and hat -Other: 1) sunglasses 2) bathing suit 3) bandanas or kerchiefs PERSONAL: -Protective: 1) insect repellant 2) Chapstick with SPF -Medicinal: 1) pain relief (Ibuprofen, Advil)

2) digestive (Tums, Pepto-Bismol tablets) 3) antibiotics – personal Rx for Ciprofloxacin 4) cuts and scrapes (Band-Aids of all sizes, Neosporin, antiseptic/antibacterial

wipes) 5) personal First-Aid kit (which may contain much of the above)

-Personal hygiene: 1) personal soap, deodorant 2) shampoo and conditioner 3) pads, tampons 4) toilet paper (the program will supply basic TP but you may prefer to

bring softer stuff from home) 5) travel packs of Kleenex 6) liquid hand sanitizer (keep in mind that water is usually unavailable for hand-washing in the Mongolian countryside) 7) travel packs of Wet Wipes 8) moisturizer (hand, face, body – do not underestimate the aridity of Central Mongolia!) 9) toothpaste, toothbrush, floss 10) hairbrush or comb 11) towel (a quick-drying travel towel is preferable)

-Other toiletries as needed

OTHER:

-Immunizations: Hepatitis A&B, Typhoid, Rabies. The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads recommends but does not require any vaccinations or immunizations for participation this summer. However, you should consult with your healthcare specialist and the CDC for more information (http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/mongolia) -Electronics: 1) camera 2) MP3 player 3) batteries for any electronic devices 4) portable solar charger 5) travel alarm clock


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-Financial3: 1) secure travel purse or wallet 2) ATM card, preferably VISA: you should be able to withdraw Mongolian

tugrug from ATM in downtown Ulaanbaatar. It is not possible to purchase Mongolian tugrug in the US at this time. 3) 1-2 crisp new $100 bills: if you choose not to bring an ATM card, bring one or two new, crisp $100 bills to exchange. An old, wrinkled, and or tattered $100 bill will be rejected by both Mongolian banks and money changers!

-Other: 1) favorite snacks, especially candy, from home to share

2) candy, gum, or stickers to give as a guest present to local herding families and their children

3To be on the safe side, you may wish to bring both $100 bills and an ATM card with you to

Mongolia. You may need Mongolian tugrug in case of emergency. Moreover, you may wish

to have a small amount of spending cash for personal expenses, souvenirs, and treats not

covered by the program (i.e., candy, snacks, drinks, etc. bought in small towns in the

countryside, alcohol). You will not be able to change money outside of Ulaanbaatar or

reliable use an ATM or credit card

Ruins of the original Ikh Khan

Uul/Khungun Khan Buddhist monastery

and post-1990 rebuilding efforts


22

Program Suggested Readings ***There are no required readings for the 2015 Southern Bulgan Province program*** Interested participants may wish to consult the following scholarly sources in order to enhance their experience in the field. All sources are in English. Allard, F., & Erdenebaatar, D., 2005. Khirigsuurs, ritual and mobility in the Bronze Age of

Mongolia. Antiquity 79, 547-563

Allsen, T.T., 1996. “Spiritual Geography and Political Legitimacy in the Eastern Steppe.” In: Ideology and the formation of early states, pp. 116-135.

Barfield, T., 1989. The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China. Basil Blackwell, Oxford and Cambridge, MA. Biran, M., 2013. The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass 11/11, 1021-

1033.

Brosseder, U., & Miller, B.K., 2011. Xiongnu Archaeology: Multidisciplinary Perspectives of the First Steppe Empire in Inner Asia. Bonn Contributions to Asian Archaeology, Vol. 5. Vor- und Frühgeschichtlich Archäologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany.

Charlier, B., 2015. Faces of the Wolf: Managing the Human, Non-Human Boundary in Mongolia. Brill.

Davydova, A.V., 1968. The Ivolga gorodishche: a monument of the Hiung-nu culture in the Trans-Baikal region. Acta Archaeologica Scientiarum Hungaricae 20, 209-245.

Di Cosmo, N., 1994. Ancient Inner Asian nomads: their economic basis and its significance in Chinese history.

Journal of Asian Studies 53(4), 1092-1126. Di Cosmo, N., 1999. State formation and periodization in Inner Asian history. Journal of World History 10 (1),

1-40. Di Cosmo, N., 2002. Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History.

Cambridge University Press. Frachetti, M., 2008. Pastoralist Landscapes and Social Interaction in Bronze Age Eurasia. University of

California Press. Fijn, N., 2011. Living with Herds: Human-Animal Coexistence in Mongolia. Cambridge University Press,

Cambridge.

Hanks, B., 2010. Archaeology of the Eurasian steppes and Mongolia. Annual Review of Anthropology 39, 469-

486. Honeychurch, W., Amartuvshin, Ch., 2006. “States on Horseback: The Rise of Inner Asian Confederations and

Empires”. In: Archaeology of Asia. Blackwell Publishing, MA. pp. 255-278. Honeychurch, W., 2013. The nomad as state builder: historical theory and material evidence from Mongolia.

Journal of World Prehistory 26, 283–321. Jacobson-Tepfer, E., 2006. “The Rock Art of Mongolia.” The Silk Road 4 (1: Summer 2006), 5-13. Park, J.-S., Eregzen, G., Yeruul-Erdene, Ch., 2010. Technological traditions inferred from artefacts of the

Xiongnu Empire in Mongolia. Journal of Archaeological Science 37, 2689-2697. Rogers, J.D., 2012. Inner Asian states and empires: theories and synthesis. Journal of Archaeological Research

20, 205-256. Rogers, J.D., Erdenebat, U., Gallon, M., 2005. Urban centres and the emergence of empires in Eastern Inner


23

Asia. Antiquity 79, 801-818. Sima Qian [Watson, B., 1993]. “Chapter 110: the account of the Xiongnu”. In: Shi ji [Records of the Grand

Historian]. Columbia University Press, New York. Skaff, J.K., Honeychurch, W., 2013. “Empire building before the Mongols: legacies of the Türks and Uyghurs”.

In: Genghis Khan and the Mongol empire, pp. 84-89. Sneath, D., 2007. The Headless State: Aristocratic Orders, Kinship Society, & Misrepresentations of Nomadic

Inner Asia. Columbia Press, NY. Tumen, D., Navaan, D., & Erdene, M., 2006. Archaeology of the Mongolian period: a brief introduction. The

Silk Road 4 (1), 51-55. Waugh, D., 2010. Nomads and settlement: new perspectives in the archaeology of Mongolia. The Silk Road 8,

97-124.

Sunset north of Khungun Khan

monastery in southern Bulgan Province


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2015 APPLICATION FORM INSTRUCTIONS: 1) Fill out the Volunteer and Medical Information sections of this form 2) Complete the Short Response (250-500 words) either by typing into this form or attaching them as a separate file 3) Submit a recent photograph of yourself (jpeg format preferred)

4) Include your full name on all application materials 5) Make the check to: “CSEN” and write: “2015 Southern Bulgan Province program deposit”

in the Subject/Detail line. In the event that you are not accepted as a participant or that the

program is cancelled, your deposit will be fully refunded. Mail your $250 deposit and a copy

of the Participant Information section of your application to:

Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads c/o Jeannine Davis-Kimball, PhD 2158 Palomar Ave Ventura, CA 93001

***The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads prefers to receive contributions as checks.

However, if this is a problem, funds can be transferred via PayPal. If you use PayPal there

will be an additional charge of $7.55 to cover the cost of PayPal for the $250 deposit and an

additional $54 for the $1,240 remaining due. Therefore, if paying via PayPal, the deposit

cost is $257.55 and the final payment is $1,294.00 . These additional PayPal charges cannot

be refunded in the event of an applicant’s rejection or program cancellation***

6) E-mail your completed application form and all attached documents to: [email protected] If you are accepted into the CSEN 2015 field program in Mongolia, you will need to pay the remaining program contribution ($1,240) by July 1st, 2015. Funds must be received by this date. Please add five days from posting your check for regular USPS delivery. Signed copies of the Volunteer Waiver (Release/Assumption of Risk form: page 5) and the Code of Conduct (pages 6-9) will be due by July 1st. Electronic signatures will not be accepted. DEADLINES June 20th, 2015: application and $250 deposit ($257.55 if paying via PayPal) July 1st, 2015: remaining program contribution ($1,240) ($1,294 if paying via PayPal) Please let the CSEN know if you have any questions about the application form, necessary attached documents, or the application process. We prefer to contact you by e-mail ([email protected]). Please notify us if your e-mail address changes after you have submitted an application.




25

1. Participant Information

First name:

Middle name:

Last name:

Date of birth (DD/MM/YYYY)4:

Citizenship:

Current address:

City:

State/Province:

Country:

Zip/Postal code:

Mailing address if different from above:

Home phone:

Work phone:

Mobile:

E-mail address:

Social Security Number:

Driver’s License:

Sex:

Height:

Weight:

Passport number:

Type:

Expiration date:

Employer or school:

Address of employer/school:

Emergency contact

Name:

Relationship:

4 Program participants aged 12-17 must be accompanied by an adult or legal guardian. CSEN field programs do

not accept applications from children under the age of 12. There is no maximum age limit for participants; enthusiasm, attitude, and overall health are more important than numerical age.


26

E-mail:

Telephone:

Address:

Contact number for employer/school:

If retired or unemployed, former employer’s or most recent school’s contact information:

Any additional pertinent information (hobbies, personal interests, profession, technical skills,

degrees held, etc.):

How did you hear about our program? Please check all that apply:

CSEN website (csen.org)

AIA AFOB

CSEN Facebook page

CSEN Twitter account

University website

Other website

Area Studies center

Friend, colleague, or acquaintance

Other (please describe below)


27

2. Medical Information

Medical treatment will not be equal to the norm in the US. The remote nature of the

program’s field component means that participants cannot expect quick or easy access to

medical care. Please be sure to list all special medical conditions you may have. You must

bring any prescription or over the counter medications that you require for the full extent of

your time in Mongolia. See the Waiver (Release/Assumption of Risk form: page 5) for more

details.

a) List any medical condition that you have or have had in the past five years, including hospitalizations and medical procedures (with their dates).

b) Participant health information -Blood type: -Date of last physical examination: -Do you wear corrective or contact lenses? -Loss of consciousness [please explain the circumstances and give date(s)]:

-Special diet or foods5:

-Other health concerns, such as a bad back, trick knee, etc. (please describe in detail): -Any other pertinent medical or health-related information:

-Current type of health insurance coverage6:

5 If your dietary requirements are different than noted in the information provided in this document, you should

plan on bringing any required (or desired) foods. Please discuss your dietary restrictions with CSEN staff well in advance of your arrival in Mongolia. Our field program may not be able to accommodate some special diets. 6 By the time you arrive in Mongolia, you must have insurance coverage that explicitly includes Emergency

Medical Evacuation for the duration of your participation in the program. Participants who do not present proof of their insurance coverage on the first day of the program will have to withdraw and forfeit all fees. This is for your own safety and well-being, and the CSEN will not willingly or knowingly allow its participants to put themselves in jeopardy.


28

c) Check and describe any that are applicable -Diabetes: -Epilepsy: -Allergies (please list):

You may attach additional pages as needed to complete the information requested in the first

two sections.

3. Reasons for Applying

In 250-500 words, please describe your interest in the CSEN 2015 Southern Bulgan Province

field program, what you hope to learn in the course of your time in Mongolia, and what kinds

of experiences you hope to have in the program. You may type your response into this form

or attach it as a separate Word or PDF document.


29

RELEASE AND ASSUMPTION OF RISK

For and in consideration of the opportunity to participate in the 2015 Southern

Bulgan Province field program run by the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads in

Mongolia, I release Emma Hite, Vanchigdash Chuluunkhuu, Jeannine Davis-Kimball, and the

Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads from any and all liability for property damage,

personal injury, or expenses incurred as a result of injury, illness, or accident that I may

experience in the course of this program. I understand that there are many dangers and risks

in participating in this program, both because of physical and economic conditions in

Mongolia and arising out of archaeological fieldwork in general. These include but are not

limited to health risks (rabies, Hepatitis, Giardia), dangers in the environment, extreme

weather conditions (flooding, storms, low or high temperatures), injury from other

participants (accidental or intentional), injury during the course of archaeological fieldwork

(all activities associated with pedestrian survey), injury during normal activities in rural

Mongolia (horse-back riding, wrestling, hiking, swimming, interacting with herd animals and

guard dogs, interacting with wildlife), inaccessibility to medical care, political unrest, food

and water safety, and vehicular accidents. I do not expect the program staff or field

instructors to protect me from such risks and dangers and I accept full responsibility myself

for any and all injury, damage, and associated costs and expenses that may result to me from

my participation in the Southern Bulgan Province program run by the Center for the Study of

Eurasian Nomads.

Date Participant signature

Print participant name


30

CODE OF CONDUCT

The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads Code of Conduct for the 2015 Southern

Bulgan Province field program is designed to foster a positive experience for all program

participants and staff by preventing any misunderstandings upfront and outlining the

program’s expectations of its participants. The Code of Conduct is also intended to support

the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads’ broader goal of ethical interactions and

productive collaboration with local communities during fieldwork. Thus, all program

participants must read and sign the Code of Conduct in order to be eligible to participate in

the 2015 field season. In the event of a Participant’s withdrawal or expulsion from the

Southern Bulgan Province program for reasons listed in the Code of Conduct, the Participant

will forfeit his/her contribution and be personally responsible for all associated expenses,

including but not limited to local transportation costs. Print your name below, read through

the entire Code of Conduct, and date, print name, and sign below to indicate that you accept

the Code of Conduct and will follow its contents throughout your participation in the CSEN

2015 Southern Bulgan Province field program.

I, , hereafter the Participant, do agree to abide by the following Code of Conduct for participants in the Southern Bulgan Province program as stipulated below:

1. Required documents: the Participant will provide all documents required by Program

Staff as listed in the application form by the dates stipulated therein. In the event that

the Participant fails to present all required documents, the Participant will have to

withdraw from the program.

2. Zero-tolerance policies:

a. The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads has a zero-tolerance policy

regarding illegal substances, objects, and activities. These include but are

not limited to: participation in the trade of undocumented antiquities, use

or transportation of illegal narcotics, weapons, or remains of endangered

species, and involvement in any aspect of the sex trade. The Participant

consents to follow all official laws and regulations of the nation of

Mongolia while participating in the project. More details of these laws

and regulations can be found at the Embassy of Mongolia to the United

States (http://mongolianembassy.us/) and the US Embassy in Mongolia

(http://mongolia.usembassy.gov/service.html).

3. The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads has a zero-tolerance policy regarding

violent behavior. Any program participant who engages in violent behavior will

http://mongolianembassy.us/

http://mongolia.usembassy.gov/service.html


31

either be severely reprimanded or immediately required to leave the program,

depending on the severity of the behavior and the judgment of the program staff.

4. The CSEN 2015 Southern Bulgan Province field program is led by two field

instructors: Ms. Emma Hite and Mr. Vanchigdash Chuluunkhuu (hereafter Field

Instructors). The Field Instructors reserve the right to require a Participant to

withdraw at the Participant’s own expense from the program at any time should the

Participant’s behavior, conduct, or condition threaten the health, safety, or welfare of

any program participant, or impede the program’s operation or attainment of its

research objectives.

5. The Participant acknowledges that he/she is responsible for bringing the Required,

selected Recommended, and any personal items needed by the participant with

him/her to Mongolia. The Participant understands that, should he/she fail to have any

of the Required Items by the evening of the first day of his/her session, the Participant

will have to withdraw from the project and forfeit his/her volunteer contribution. As

these items will be essential for the Participant’s health, well-being, and ability to

participate in the program, the Participant agrees that his/her failure to bring all such

items is grounds for withdrawal. The Participant acknowledges that the Required

Items list is not exhaustive and that it is his/her individual responsibility to come to

Mongolia properly prepared for the 2015 field program. Therefore, the Participant

will consult the Recommended Items list, the Field Instructors, CSEN staff, and

his/her own judgment in preparing and bringing all necessary items for participation

in the 2015 field program before departing for Mongolia.

6. The Participant agrees to resolve all conflict, with the assistance of the Field

Instructors and Mongolian support staff, in a productive and reasonable manner while

a team member on the Southern Bulgan Province 2015 CSEN field program

7. The Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads and the Field Instructors are

sympathetic to the stresses associated with archaeological fieldwork and travel in

rural Mongolia. However, Participant understands that it is not acceptable to make

negative or hostile statements, engage in negative, hostile, or aggressive behaviors, or

to take his/her emotions out on other program participants, program staff, or members

of the local community. 8. The CSEN 2015 field program is safe-space and a

harassment-free educational expedition. While there are cultural differences between

Mongolia and the US, the Field Instructors will do their best to prevent harassing or

discriminatory speech or behavior from all program participants, including the

Participant, and to reprimand or expel serious or serial offenders from the program.


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8. The Participant promises to maintain a positive attitude, a flexible approach, and a

good work ethic to the best of his/her abilities throughout the Southern Bulgan

Province program. The Participant acknowledges that fieldwork is a stressful

undertaking and that the unpredictable conditions in rural Mongolia can exacerbate

such stressors. Therefore, the Participant will comport him/herself in a friendly,

polite manner towards all other field program participants and staff, and members of

the local community irrespective of whether it is a difficult day or if the Participant is

not feeling his/her best.

9. The Participant agrees to be on his/her best behavior when interacting with members

of the local herding communities in rural Mongolia. The Participant pledges to abide

by the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads’ overarching commitment to ethical

and friendly interactions with our Mongolian hosts.

10. The Participant will inform the Field Instructors in the event that he/she feels unwell

or has experienced an injury. The CSEN 2015 field program is not equipped with a

medic but intends to provide its participants with some basic medical care, such as

Band-Aids, an emergency blanket, and antiseptic wipes. It is therefore in the

Participant’s interest to bring a personal basic First-Aid kit. The Participant must

immediately inform the Field Instructors and Mongolian support staff of any injury,

health issues, or concerns. The field program staff will do their best to stabilize the

Participant for his/her transportation back to Ulaanbaatar, where better medical care is

available. However, the Center for the Study of Eurasian Nomads, Field Instructors,

and Mongolian support staff are not liable for any accidents or illnesses that befall the

Participant during the program. Any costs or expenses associated with a CSEN field

program participant falling ill, getting injured, or having an accident during the course

of transportation or their participation in the program will be his/her sole

responsibility.

11. The Participant has read, understood, and signed the Waiver/Release and Assumption

of Risk form, which contains more information on this point.

I, the above-named Participant, have read through the Code of Conduct for the CSEN 2015

Southern Bulgan Province field program in Mongolia in its entirety. I understand all of its

contents and hereby agree to abide by the Code of Conduct for the duration of my

participation in the CSEN field program. I understand and agree that my violation of the

Code of Conduct is grounds for reprimand or even expulsion from the program depending on

the severity of the offense and the judgment of the Field Instructors. I have already addressed


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my questions about the Code of Conduct to a member of the CSEN staff and/or the Field

Instructors and fully understand the nature of my agreement.

Date Print participant name Participant signature

CSEN: Southern Bulgan Province Program · Age khirigsuur complexes, Xiongnu/Khunnu imperial...

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