Cryostar Machinery November 07

1Cryostar process machineryNovember 2007Prepared by B. Brthes

www.cryostar.com

2Content

1. Process pumps

Centrifugal pumps

Piston pumps

2. Expanders (turbines)

Types, applications and duties

Internal components

Auxiliary and control systems

3. Equipment for natural gas compression or liquefaction

Natural gas compressors

Natural gas companders

Heat exchangers, sprayers, vaporizers

3Process pumps

Centrifugal pumps

Single-staged pumps

MCP

LIN, LOX, LAR, LCH4

Up to 36 bars

4Process pumps

Centrifugal pumps

Single-staged pumps: Performance curves (MCP190)

25

27,5

30

32,5

35

37,5

40

42,5

45

47,5

50

52,5

55

57,5

60

62,5

65

67,5

70

72,5

75

77,5

80

82,5

700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000Flow (l/mn)

H

e

a

d

(

m

)

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0,35

0,4

0,45

0,5

0,55

0,6

0,65

0,7

0,75

0,8

0,85

0,9

0,95

1

E

f

f

i

c

i

e

n

c

y

0,60,75

0,91,05

1,21,35

1,5

700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000Flow (l/mn)

N

P

S

H

r

(

m

)

22,5

25

27,5

30

32,5

35

37,5

40

700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000Flow (l/mn)

P

u

m

p

p

o

w

e

r

(

k

W

)

H

e

a

d

(

m

)

P

o

w

e

r

(

k

W

)

E

f

f

i

c

i

e

n

c

y

N

P

S

H

r

(

m

)

Flow (l/min)

Flow (l/min)

5Process pumps

Centrifugal pumps

Multi-staged pumps

VP

2-12 stages

LIN, LOX, LAR, LCH4Up to 130 bars

New VP330

High flows for large ASUs

LIN, LOX2-5 stages

Up to 80 bars

2000 to 4500 l/min

6Process pumps

Centrifugal pumps

Multi-staged pumps: Labyrinth seals or dry gas seals (single or dual)

7Centrifugal pumps

Multi-staged pumps: dry gas seals

Process pumps

8Centrifugal pumps

Multi-staged pumps: dual gas seals for methane applications

Process pumps

N2 0.18 Nm3/h Suction pressure

+2.5 bars

9Process pumps

Centrifugal pumpsInstallation selected guidelines

Suction line to be correctly sized to avoid too high pressure drop

Suction line to be insulated to avoid cold losses

Suction line to be designed to avoid gas pockets

NPSHa>NPSHr

Discharge line to be equipped with safety valve

Discharge line to be correctly sized for low pressure drop

N2 purge recommended to avoid humidity going to seals (stand-by)

Flexibles to be sized correctly to avoid resonances

Inlet strainers to be compatible with O2 for LOX pumps

Forces and moments at flanges to be minimised

10

Process pumps

Piston pumps

Linde KPL pump

KPL triple cold end

Mounted on skid

KPL single cold end

Mounted on cold box

11

Process pumps

Piston pumps

Linde KPL pump

Enhanced cylindre insulation

Large range of capacities, up to 30 000 l/h

Low speeds ( from 60 to 335 U/min)

Low NPSHr

Continuous operation ( 4 000 to 8 000 h)

Design pressures up to 450- 500 bar (standard)

or 900-1000 bar (N2, Ar special executions)

Usable with LIN, LOX, LAR, LH2, ETHYLENE, METHANE

12

Process pumps

Piston pumps

Linde KPL pump

30,625 triple3210,210 single120/165

21,270 triple357,090 single100/150

13,610 triple604,535 single80/150

5,310 triple2151,770 single50/80

2,750 triple420915 single36/80


max. work pressuremax. flow rate Nb of cold endstypesbar gLit/ Hour

30,625 triple3210,210 single120/165

21,270 triple357,090 single100/150

13,610 triple604,535 single80/150

5,310 triple2151,770 single50/80



max. work pressuremax. flow rate Nb of cold endstypesbar gLit/ Hour

13

Expanders

Gas expanders for ASUs

Single-staged centrifugal turbines with various brakes and powers

Compressor loaded turbinesOil-brake turbines Generator loaded turbines

With customized wheels

Other brake: Combined oil and compressor (TFC)

14

Expanders

Gas expanders for ASUs

Typical turbine performance curve (TC120)

I

s

e

n

t

r

o

p

i

c

e

f

f

i

c

i

e

n

c

y

U/Co

15

Expanders

Liquid expanders for ASUs

Liquid turbines

Main characteristics

Power: Typically 100 to 300 kW

Liquid fluids: Air or LN2

Efficiency: Typically 0.75 to 0.8%

16

Expanders

Future LNG expander

Main characteristics

Flow control using inlet nozzles

Flashing: 20% mass at expander outlet

Tandem or dual gas seals

(Seal gas vaporized from liquid)

Lube oil of active magnetic bearings

Efficiency:85%

Power: 1.2 MW

17

Expanders

Gas expanders for hydrocarbons

Fully customized API machines, with Programmable Logic Controller

Oil-lubricated turbine-compressor

6 MW

Gas processing plant

2 stages MTC

1 MW

Ethylene plant

18

Expanders

Turbines for PLD stationsProven design for a promising market

Single / double stage Enersys turbines

1 to 2 MW

Double stage turbine

2 MW

19

Expanders

In-pipe turbine for PLD stations - MTG

A revolutionary concept 300 kW

20

Expanders

Turbines for heat recovery cycles (Geothermal plants)

First project for a Kalina thermodynamic cycle (NH3 gas)

3.5 MW power by a single-staged turbine (500 mm wheel diameter)

21

Expanders

Internal components

Typical cross-section

22

Expanders

Internal components

Variable inlet nozzles

23

Expanders

Expanders internal components

Wheels

24

Expanders

Internal components

Hydrodynamic oil bearings

Tilting pad radial bearings for optimum rotor stability

Thrust bearings for high axial loads

(tappered lands design)

25

Expanders


Magnetic bearings

Oil-free solution introduced 20 years ago by CS and S2M for expanders

F

RotorElectromagnetic forces

Clearance= 0.5 mm

Electromagnets

laminations

26

Expanders


Labyrinth seals (dry gas seals also available for specific applications)

A type AS typeSeal Gas inlet

Seal Gas vent

Seal Gasrecovery

Referencepressure

Tip pressure

27

Expanders


Typical P&ID

28

Expanders


Control systems

Adjustable scope of supply:

Only interface boxes wired by customer to plant control system

Or remote I/O cabinet including:

Anti-surge controller

Vibrations monitoring system

Human Machine Interface etc

Connections via analog signals or serial links

29

Equipment for natural gas compression or liquefaction


Boil-off gas compressors for LNG carriers

Single-staged compressor Double-staged compressor

30



Typical compressor performance curve (12 test points)

31



Boil-off gas blowers for LNG terminals

Return gas blower LNG terminal 80 kW 24000 kg/h

32



Typical cross-section

33



Inlet guide vanes

34


Compander for N2 loop for inverted Brayton cycle

N2 compander with N2 cooler

1 turbine (49=>9.5 bars) + 3 compressor wheels (9=>16=>28=>49 bars)

Single gearbox 6MW motor

35



Equipment designed by Cryostar upon specific process requirements

Purge N2

Drain vers tanks

Drain

Pressure equalizing line

Spray Precooler

NBO Mist Separator

Drain Pot

Pre-cooling system for DFDE vessels

Duty: Cool compressor inlet gas to reach 6.5 bars compressor outlet pressure

36



Equipment designed by Cryostar upon specific process requirements

After-cooler for DFDE vessels

Goal: Cool the compressor outlet gas to enable gas usage in DFDE engines

37



Equipment designed by Cryostar based on specific process requirements

Forced BOG system including FBO mist separator

Goal: Create additional boil-off gas and remove C2+

38

Cryostar process machinery

Thank you for your attention.

Cryostar Machinery November 07

Documents

Transcript of Cryostar Machinery November 07